2025届高考英语二轮复习高频阅读词组+练习四十二含解析

2025届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（四十二）一：词组梳理比…次等beinferiorto比…高等beseniorto比…低bejuniorto坚持做某事insistondoingsth坚决要求做insistthat+句子（用should+V）坚持..观点insistthat+句子（事实状况）准备做某事plantodo=meantodo=intendtodo对..感爱好take/showinterestin=beinterestedin参军jointhearmy成为一员joinsb主动参与joinin=takepartin和某人开玩笑playajokeonsb讪笑某人laughatsb=makefunofsb靠左行驶keeptotheleft阻挡某人做某事keepsbfromdoingsth=preventsb(from)doingsth=stopsb(from)doingsth与..保持一样keepupwith赶上catchupwith勿踏草坪keepoffthegrass拆毁knocksthdown=pullsthdown撞倒某人knocksbdown相识某人knowsb了解某人knowabout/ofsb一门关于..的学问aknowledgeofEnglish.缺少lacksth=belackinginsth=beshortofsth由于缺乏forlackof=beinabsenceof持续lastfor=runfor=continuefor=last开会迟到belateformeeting晚做作业belatewithhoework晚些到arrivelatelately=recently(句子用现在完成时)lateron稍后同一类的ofakindlie位于/躺—lay—lainlay放置，孵蛋—laid—laid通向，导致leadto=resultin从错误中吸取教训learnfromone’smistake给某人一个教训teachsb.alesson请假askforleave让某人独自呆着leavesb.alone抽出空闲时间spareone’sleisure/freetime想要做…feellikedoing=wouldliketodosthagreewith①同意②(食物、天气等)对……相宜assb.putsit正如某人所说的believeitornot信不信由你breakdown①出故障②消退③(使)分解breakup①(婚姻、组织等)裂开②散开bringdown①降低，削减②使垮台，使下台bringup①哺育②提出buildup①构成②发展③建立④增进，增加callon①呼吁，号召②短暂探望carryon接着comeacross①偶然遇到②被理解comealong跟随，跟着来cutdown①砍倒②削减，缩减二：习题训练（A）HowtoGrowOrganicPotatoesinContainersAhomegrownpotatothathasjustbeendugoutofthesoilisanamazingtreat.Liketomatoes,thetasteoffreshpotatoesisdifferentfromthatofthoseboughtinthestore.Bygrowingyourown，youalsohavetheopportunitytoplantunusualvarieties._1.__Preparepotatoesforgrowing.Cutthepotatoesbeforeplanting.Ifyourpotatoesaresmall,youcansimplyplantthem.Whenyoucutyourpotatoes,makesureyouhaveatleasttwoeyesoneachpiece._2.__.Mostofushavenoideahowheavy50gramsisandthere'snoneedtoweighit，justuseyourbestguess.Wateryournewlyplantedpotatoeswell.Checkthecontaineratleastonceaday._3.__.Ifitfeelsdry,it'stimetowater.Ifit'sveryhotorwindy,youmayhavetowateryourpotatocontainergardensmorethanonceaday.Makesuretowaterdeeplybywaitinguntilwaterrunsoutthebottom.Hillyourpotatoesastheygrow._4.__，youneedtohillthemincasetheywillbreak.Thisisdonebyaddingacoupleofinchesofsoilaroundyourpotatoplants.Becarefulnottobreak；theplantsintheprocess.Repeatthehillingprocessafewmoretimesasyourplantsgrow.Youcanalsostoponcethesoilreachesthetopofyourcontainer._5.__.Aftertheplantshaveflowered,youcandigoutyourpotatoestoeat.Youcanpulloutafewpotatoesatatime.Youcanalsowaituntiltheplantsturnyellowandthenharvestallofthepotatoesatonce.A．IfyourpotatoplantsaretooshortB．HarvestyourhomegrownpotatoesC．WateryourpotatoeswheneverthesoilisdryD．StickyourfingeratleastaninchintothesoilE．BelowaresometipsforgrowingyourownpotatoesF．OnceyourpotatoplantshavegrownaboutsixinchesG．It'salsorecommendedthateachweighsatleast50grams（B）InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called＂ricebowl＂culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,1Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,4(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.Overtime,5thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich6(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,7livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthe8(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand9(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat10theirhands.答案及解析A本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在家种马铃薯的方法，包括选种、浇水、培土和收获。1．解析：依据该空所在的位置可知，该空为承上启下的句子；由空处下文可知，下文介绍的是在家里种植马铃薯的方法，故E项符合语境。2．解析：依据空后一句可知，我们大部分人都不知道50克有多重，也不须要去称重。据此可推知，空处应是关于每块马铃薯的重量，故G项符合语境。据此可推知，空处应是关于每块马铃薯的重量，故G项符合语境。G项中的“50grams”也是提示。3．解析：依据空后一句“Ifitfeelsdry，it'stimetowater”可知，假如它摸起来干，就该是浇水的时候了。据此可推知，空处应是介绍感知土壤干湿的方法，故D项符合语境。4．解析：依据该句中的“youneedtohillthemincasetheywillbreak”可知，培土是为了防止其断掉。据此可推知，空处应是介绍培土的时机，故F项符合语境，连接下文。5．解析：依据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的主题句；结合空处下文内容可知，该段主要介绍了收获马铃薯的时间，故B项符合语境。B1．and考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲的国家，它们是并列关系，故填and。2．bemade考查固定词组。精致的筷子可能是由刻有汉字的金或银制成的。sth.bemadeof…某物由……制成，情态动词后跟动词原形，故填bemade。3．tocreate考查不定式作目的状语。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来，以创建出特别风格的筷子。这里用不定式表目的，故填tocreate。44．using考查现在分词作伴随状语。人们可能运用大锅煮食物，用树枝搅拌食物，use的逻辑主语是people，两者是主动关系，用现在分词表示伴随状况，故填using。5．as/when考查时间状语从句。句意：随着人口的增长，人们起先把食物切成小块，这样可以煮得快一点，这里是时间状语从句，when意为＂当……时候＂，故填as／when。6.gradually考查副词。副词修饰动词或形容词，这里修饰动词短语turnedinto，应当用副词，故填gradually。7.who考查非限制性定语从句。剧中有逗号，说明是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Confuc