2024-2025学年高中英语Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNatureWorldSectionⅢGrammar学案含解析外研版必修4

PAGEModule6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNatureWorld情态动词＋havedone的用法语境自主领悟先视察原句后自主感悟①ManypeoplethinkthemonstermaybeadistantcousinoftheLochNessmonsterinScotland.②Theyalsothinkthattheremightbesimilarcreaturesinotherlakesaroundtheworld.③ButinChina，theideaofthedragonmayhavecomefromthealligator.④Youmighthavegivenyourparentsmorehelpearlier.⑤Itmusthaverainedlastnight，fortheroadwasquitemuddy.⑥Hecan'thaveforgottenit，forhetalkedaboutityesterday.⑦Yououghtto/shouldhavedonethejobmorecarefully.⑧Yououghtn'tto/shouldn'thaveaskedsuchafoolishquestion.1.①②句表示可能性的推想，意为“可能，或许”。2.③④句表示对过去发生的事情的推想，意为“可能已经”。3.⑤句表示对过去事情的很有把握的确定推想，意为“确定做过某事”，而⑥句则表示对过去发生事情的有把握的否定推想，意为“不行能做过某事”。4.⑦句表示“过去本应当做却未做的事”，⑧句则表示“过去本不该发生却发生了的事”。1．may/mighthavedonesth.表示对过去行为的推想，意为“或许/或许已经做过某事”，might可能性更小，主要用于确定句和否定句中。Johnisn'tathome.Ithinkhemay/mighthavegonetoschool.约翰不在家，我想他可能去上学了吧。Youmighthavereadaboutitinthenewspapers.你可能已经在报纸上看到这个消息了。[名师点津]mighthavedone有时表示“原来可以做的事而事实上没有做”，含有“劝说，责怪”的语气。Youmighthavebeenmorecareful.你原来可以多加当心的。2．musthavedonesth.表示对过去发生的事或行为的确定推想，意为“确定做过某事”，只用于确定句中。Hereasonedthatsinceshehadnotansweredhislettershemusthavelefthere.他推断，由于她没有给他回信，她确定是已经离开这里了。[名师点津]含有musthavedone结构的反意疑问句中，若有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问部分用“didn't＋主语？”；若没有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问部分则用“haven't/hasn't＋主语？”。Theymusthavegonetherelastnight，didn'tthey?他们昨晚确定是去那里了，不是吗？TheymusthavebeentotheGreatWall，haven'tthey？他们确定去过长城，不是吗？3．can/couldhavedonesth.是对过去的推想，表示“可能做过某事”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。could语气较委婉，确定句中一般用could不用can。Mr.Smithcan'thavegonetoBeijing，forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.史密斯先生不行能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。—Wherecantheyhavegone?—Theycouldhavegonetothecinema.——他们能去哪里呢？——他们可能去电影院了。[名师点津]couldhavedonesth.还可表示过去本可以完成而事实上未完成的动作。Youcouldhavedonebetter，butyouweretoocareless.你原来可以做得更好，但你太马虎了。[即时训练1]用适当的情态动词填空①Georgecan'thavegonetoofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.②—WeareveryworriedaboutTom.Whyhasn'thecomeback?—Don'tworry.Hemay/mighthavebeencaughtinatrafficjam.③—Howdidyoudointhetest?—Notsowell.IcouldhavedonemuchbetterbutImisreadthedirections.④Thestreetsarewet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.4．oughtto/shouldhavedone表示过去原来应当做某事(而事实上并没有做)，意为“理应做……，原来应当做……”，常表示缺憾；oughtnotto/shouldn'thavedone表示“过去原来不应当做某事(而事实上做了)”，含有指责对方或自责的意味。Theflowershavedied.Ishouldhavewateredthemoften.这些花儿都死了。我原来应当常给它们浇水的。(其实没浇水，表示缺憾)Yououghtnottohavetoldthemthetruth.你本不应当告知他们真相的。(其实你告知他们了，含有责怪的意味)5．needn'thavedonesth.表示“原来不必做某事(事实上已经做了)”；needhavedonesth.表示“原来须要做某事(事实上未做)”Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.我原来没有必要买这么多酒——只来了五个人。Heneedhavehurriedtothestation.Inthatcase，hewouldn'thavemissedthetrain.他原来须要快点去车站。那样的话，他就不会耽搁了火车。6．wouldhavedonesth.表示“原本想做某事”；也可以用于虚拟语气中，表示与过去事实相反。Iwouldhavegivenyouthebookyesterday，butIdidn'tcoveritcompletely.我原本想昨天给你那本书的，可是我没能全部读完。Itwouldneverhavehappenedwithoutyourhelp.要不是你的帮助，这绝不会发生。[即时训练2]用适当的情态动词填空①Ineedn'thaveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool，formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.②—Sorry，Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.—Oh，it'stoobad.Youshouldhavemadefullpreparations.③Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation，ortheywouldhavecometoourhelp.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Hecould/mighthavepassedtheexam，buthewastoocareless.2．Marycan'thavestolenyourmoney.Shehasgonehome.3．Mr.Whiteshouldhavearrivedat8：30a．m.forthemeeting，buthedidn'tshowup.4．Youneedn'thavewokenmeup;Idon'thavetogotoworktoday.5．Nobodyansweredthedoorbell;hemusthavegoneout.6．Hemighthavesaidsoatthemeeting,butI'mnotsure.7．Youshouldn'thaveblamedtheboyjustnow;afterall，heisonlyachild.8．Hemusthaveknown(know)whatshewanted.9．Icouldhavearrivedhereontime，butmycarbrokedownontheway.10．Heneedn'thavewatered(water)theflowers,butheneededtodosomethingtokilltime.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Hewasnotintheoffice.Ithoughthemaygonehome. may后加have2．—Moststudentsinmyclassfailedinthemathtest.—Itmustn'thavebeeneasy. mustn't→couldn't3．Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youcouldn'thavelefthomewithoutaword. couldn't→shouldn't4．Thedrivermusthavedrunkalotbeforetheaccident，butIamnotquitesureofthat. must→might5．Youshouldcometothemeeting.Whatwasthereasonforyourabsence? should后加have6．Ishouldn'thaveenjoyedmyselfmore—itwasaperfectday. shouldn't→couldn't7．Youcoul