2025版高考英语一轮复习必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture学案含解析新人教版

PAGEUnit3Lifeinthefuture————[单元主题语境]———人与自我之健康的生活方式、主动的生活看法(2024·高考北京卷)话题：无人驾驶机器人汽车词数：493难度：★★★★PreparingCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofself­drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream，yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well，thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself­drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself­drivingcars，andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California，itshouldbenoted，isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes，thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities，forbetterorforworse，dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso)，policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself­drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams，cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient，affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself­drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong，slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork，entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride，whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning，theysendtheself­drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride­hailing(叫车)services.AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol­poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric，self­drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基础设施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride­hailingservices，consideringthecostofself­drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(责任与维护问题)．Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar­controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople，andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.[语篇解读]本文是一篇争论文。文章主要探讨了有关无人驾驶汽车的发展前景和面临的问题。47．Accordingtotheauthor，attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan.A．helpdealwithtransportation­relatedproblemsB．providebetterservicestocustomersC．causedamagetoourenvironmentD．makesomepeoplelosejobs解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句“Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafety...offermoreconvenient，affordablemobilityoptions.”可知，人们对无人驾驶汽车的关注点在于其平安性以及有助于削减交通拥堵等方面。故选A。答案：A48．Asfordriverlesscars，whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?A．Safety. B．Sideeffects.C．Affordability. D．Management.解析：推理推断题。依据最终一段第一句“Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabout...thecar­controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.”并结合上文内容可知，作者希望政策的制定者要考虑这些无人驾驶车辆的管理，不要扩大现有汽车管理运输系统中的最糟糕的方面，故选D。答案：D49．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fielded”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Employed. B．Replaced.C．Shared. D．Reduced.解析：词义揣测题。依据第四段中画线词所在句的前半部分内容“Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainly”并结合下句中“asthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology”可知，随着价格的降低以及人们对这项技术起先应用自如，第一批上市的无人驾驶车辆会“被应用”到“叫车服务”中。故选A。答案：A50．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself­drivingcars?A．Doubtful. B．Positive.C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic.解析：观点看法题。依据文章最终三句话可推知作者对无人驾驶汽车的将来是充溢希望的。因此选B。答案：B一、语言实力熟词生义/词类活用1．environmentallyfriendly环保的；不损害环境的2．packedadj.异样拥挤的3．suggestvt.表明4．appealingadj.有吸引力的5．presentvt.供应二、思维品质1．阅读技巧——三步巧解作者看法观点题(1)驾驭三个解题切入点：①论述方法；②措辞；③语气。(2)明确作者三类看法：①支持、赞同、乐观；②客观、中立；③反对、指责、怀疑、悲观。第50题，依据最终一段最终两句“Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.”可知，无人驾驶车辆的时代立刻来到，打算好迎接它的到来吧。由此推断作者对于这种新科技持主动乐观的看法。(3)干扰项的五个特征：①漠不关切；②模糊表达；③肯定化；④过于剧烈；⑤文中其他人的看法。2．分析长难句并翻译句子Theytoleratelong，slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork，entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride，whichencouragesurbanspread.[分析]toandfromwork表示“上下班”，because引导缘由状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个先行句。[翻译]他们容忍上下班时在拥挤的马路上长时间、缓慢的旅程，因为他们可以在乘车时工作、消遣或者睡觉，这促使了城市的扩散。三、文化素养思索：通过阅读这篇文章，你怎样看待人工智能？人工智能是引领将来的战略性技术。人工智能已成为经济发展的新引擎、社会发展的加速器，人工智能技术正在渗透并重构生产、安排、交换、消费等经济活动各个环节，形成从宏观到微观各领域的智能化新需求、新产品、新技术、新业态，变更人类生活方式甚至社会结构，实现社会生产力的整体跃升。授课提示：对应学生用书第147页NO.1单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多01核心单词…………[先识记]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．constantinterruptions无休止的干扰2．instantcoffee速溶咖啡3．lackconfidence缺乏自信4．fastenittoatree把它系在树上5．toleratethenoise忍受噪音6．aflashoflightning一道闪电7．apreviousmarriage前一段婚姻8．agreedylittleboy一个贪吃的小男孩9．anoptimisticmood乐观的心情10．turnintodesert变成沙漠11．accordingtothetimetable依据时刻表12．alastingimpression长久的印象13．foreignpress外国报刊14．alightswitch电灯开关[再拓展]请填入括号内单词的正确形式1．Youcanadjustthedesksandchairstotheheightofthestudentsastheadjustmentisnotdifficulttomake.(adjust)2．Throughconstantinnovationofmanyyears，thecompanyhasimproveditsproductqualityconstantly.(constant)3．Infact，Ithinkanimalattractioncanbeinstant—youcanseeanelephantinstantlygoforanotherelephant.(instant)4．Iwillnottoleratethatsortofbehaviorinmyclassandnoonewillbetolerantofthat.(tolerate)5．ThecityofHangzhouisreallyanimpressiveplace.EspeciallythefamousWestLakealwaysleavesquiteanimpressiononthevisitors.IwasstronglyimpressedbyitsbeautythefirsttimeIvisitedit.(impress)6．Thefamousstarwasenjoyingthepleasantsurroundingswhenhewasrecognizedandwassurroundedbyacrowdoffans.(surround)7．Anofficialwassenttosettletheproblembutdifferentopinionsoftwosidesdestroyedallthehopesofapeacefulsettlement.(settle)8．Thefirmispressingmeforadecisionandthepressurefrommyparentsisquiteunbearable，soIhavetoacceptthisnewjob.(press)02阅读单词…………标注不相识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆□typist□tablet□capsule□swallow□stewardess□aspect□carriage□steward□citizen□mask□button□manufacture□imitate□motivation□goods□pessimistic□receiver□representativeNO.2短语——在拼法中记牢，在联想中积累[必会短语]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．asaresult结果；因此2．bebackonone'sfeet(逆境后)复原3．takeupyourtime占用你的时间4．sufferfromthecold患感冒5．slideintotheroom溜进房间6．begreedyforpower贪图权力7．(a)lackofexperience缺乏阅历8．losesightofthisfact忽视这个事实9．sweepupalltheglass把玻璃清扫干净10．speedupthecar加快车速11．remindmeofthepast使我想起过去12．fleeinalldirections向四面逃去[词汇积累]1．单复数意义不同的名词集锦①eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(good善行；好处,goods货物))②eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(time时间,times时代))③eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(custom习惯；风俗,customs海关))④eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(instruction指导,instructions用法说明))⑤eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(pain苦痛,pains辛苦；努力))⑥eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sand沙子,sands沙滩))⑦eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(work工作,works工厂；作品))⑧eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(look脸色；看,looks容貌))2．男女有别①eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(steward男乘务员；男服务员,stewardess女乘务员；女服务员))②eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(waiter男服务员,waitress女服务员))③eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(actor男演员,actress女演员))④eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(host男主子,hostess女主子))3．“v.＋from”短语荟萃①sufferfrom遭遇②resultfrom因……而起③adaptfrom从……改编④escapefrom从……逃脱⑤benefitfrom从……中获益⑥diefrom死于⑦datefrom始于……⑧hearfrom收到某人的来信NO.3句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通请依据提示完成下列句子1．“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构主动表被动英语中有大量绚烂而华丽但可能很难懂的表达。Englishhasahugenumberofcolourfulandsplendidexpressionswhichmaybedifficulttounderstand.2．过去分词短语作状语假如赐予更多的关切和照看，这个孩子就不会变得如此自私和调皮。Givenmoreattentionandcaring，thechildwouldn'thavebecomesoselfishandnaughty.3．形容词在句中作缘由状语由于太惊慌，考试刚起先时我什么也想不起来。但我没有焦急，而是努力使自己安静下来。Toonervous，Icouldn'tthinkofanythingatthebeginningoftheexam.However，Ididn'tworrybuttriedtocalmmyselfdown.4．地点状语放于句首，句子用完全倒装在农场的房子的前面有一棵1000多年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府爱护起来了。Infrontofthehousesonthefarmstandsatalltreewithahistoryof1,000years，whichisprotectedbythegovernmentnow.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)授课提示：对应学生用书第148页1．toleratevt.容忍；忍受[写作佳句]IfIwereherstaff，Ireallywouldn'ttoleratebeingscoldedbyhereveryday.假如我是她的员工，我真的不能忍受每天被她责骂。[归纳拓展](1)tolerate(one's/sb.)doingsth.容忍(某人)做某事(2)tolerancen．宽容；宽恕tolerantadj.容忍的；宽容的[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Ican'ttolerateworking(work)withKateinthesameoffice.Shejustrefusestostoptalkingwhilesheworks.②Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase，shegavehimatolerant(tolerate)smileandlethimgo.实力提升——词汇升级③Whenhewentabroad，hefoundthenewsurroundingshardtobear.→Whenhewentabroad，hefoundthenewsurroundingshardtotolerate/putupwith.[实战贴士]“容忍；忍受”的种种表达①toleratevt.忍受②bearvt.忍受③standvt.忍受④putupwith忍受；容忍2．lackvt.&vi.缺乏；没有n.缺乏；短缺的东西[写作佳句]Theylackphysicalexerciseandtheskilltocommunicatewiththeirfriendsfacetoface.他们缺乏身体熬炼和面对面与挚友沟通的实力。[归纳拓展](1)forlackof因缺乏……alackof缺乏……(2)lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的belackingin缺少……[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Thereisalackofcommunicationbetweenthechildandhisparents.②Thoughlacking(lack)money，hisparentsmanagedtogethimwelleducated.实力提升——一句多译他缺乏与他人沟通的技能，因此在竞赛中失败了。③Helackedtheskilltocommunicatewithothers，sohefailedinthecompetition.(lackvt.)④Hewaslackingintheskilltocommunicatewithothers，sohefailedinthecompetition.(lackingin)⑤Lackingtheskilltocommunicatewithothers，hefailedinthecompetition.(分词作状语)⑥Forlackoftheskilltocommunicatewithothers，hefailedinthecompetition.(介词短语)[实战贴士]lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可作及物动词干脆加宾语(不能用于被动语态和进行时)，也可作不及物动词，后常与介词for连用；形容词lacking常与in连用。3．pressvi.&vt.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻[写作佳句]Pressedbymyfriendsandrelations，Idecidedtoseizetheopportunity.在挚友和家人的督促下，我确定抓住机会。[归纳拓展](1)press...against/to...把……压/挤/贴在……presssb.todosth.极力劝告/敦促/牵强某人做某事(2)pressuren．压(力)；压强；强制putpressureon...给……施压underpressure面临压力；受到压力[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Itisnotwisetopressthemtoleave(leave)heresoearly.②Infact，womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressure(press)ortodiefromheartattacks.③Iknowstudyingisveryimportant，butmyparentsputtoomuchpressureonme.实力提升——完成句子④Nomatterhowmuchpressureyouareunder，youwillnevergiveuphalfway.无论你面临多少压力，都不要半途而废。4．instantn.瞬间；片刻adj.马上的；马上的[文化金句]Theinstanttheyarrivedatourschool，theycouldn'twaittovisitourteahouse，wherealotofteasetswereondisplay.他们一到我们学校，就迫不及待地参观我们的茶馆，那里陈设着很多茶具。(2024·高考北京卷)[归纳拓展](1)foraninstant一瞬间；顷刻inaninstant＝instantly马上；立刻(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(theinstant＝instantly＋从句,themoment/theminute＋从句,instantly/immediately/directly＋从句))一……就……[实战演练]基础练透——完成语段①Atthegateofabar，hecameacrosshispreviousteacher.Whenaskedwhathewasdoingthere，hecouldn'tanswerforaninstant(一瞬间)andleftthereinaninstant(立刻)．Theinstant/Instantlyhegothome(他一到家)，heclosedthedoorandwaslostinthought.实力提升——一句多译一到达剧院，他发觉挚友给他的票忘在家里了。②Theinstant/moment/minutehearrivedatthetheatre，hefoundtheticketafriendgavehimwasleftathome.(instant/moment/minute)③Instantly/Immediately/Directlyhearrivedatthetheatre，hefoundtheticketafriendgavehimwasleftathome.(instantly/immediately/directly)④On/Uponarrivingatthetheatre，hefoundtheticketafriendgavehimwasleftathome.(on/upon)5．takeup占用(时间)；占据(空间)；接着；起先；接受；拿起；从事[写作佳句]Smartphonesnotonlytakeupourvaluabletime，butalsodogreatharmtoourhealth.智能手机不仅占用我们珍贵的时间，而且特别不利于我们的身体健康。[归纳拓展]takeoff脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞takeover接管；获得对……的限制或管理takedown写下；登记；拆除takein汲取；接纳；领悟；欺瞒takeon呈现；雇用；担当；从事[实战演练]基础练透——一词多义①Wetriedtofindatable，buttheywerealltakenup.占据②Iputthetelephonedownandtookupmyworkagain.接着③Hewaseagertotakeupsomejob.从事④I'mgoingtotakeupthechallengewithoutarguing.接受实力提升——用take短语完成下面语段(takein，takeon，takeoff，takeover)⑤Aftertakingoverthecompanyfromhisfather，hetookinsomeadvancedideasandtookonsomeskillfulworkers，whichsuggeststhathiscompanywilltakeoffsoon.6．losesightof...看不见……；忽视……[写作佳句]Onlyashort­sightedmanwilllosesightoftheimportanceofeducation.只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教化的重要性。[归纳拓展](1)catchsightof望见；看到comeintosight进入视野内；映入眼帘losesightof看不到(2)atthesightof看到outofsight看不到；在视野之外atfirstsight乍一看；初看时[实战演练]基础练透——用sight短语填空①Theyfellinloveatfirstsight，andthreemonthslater，theygotmarried.②Wemustnotlosesightofouroriginalaim.③Attherailwaystation，themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwasoutofsight.实力提升——词汇升级④IsawhergettingonthebuswhenIcameoutofthestore.→IcaughtsightofhergettingonthebuswhenIcameoutofthestore.7．过去分词(短语)作状语[教材原句]Hitbyalackoffreshair，myheadached.由于缺乏簇新空气，我感到头痛。[归纳拓展](1)过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、缘由、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等。(2)过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一样。(3)过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为动宾关系。[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Offered(offer)animportantroleinanewmovie，Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous.②Located(locate)inthecentraldistrict，theXi'anHoteloffersthebestservicewiththelowestprice.③Ordered(order)overaweekago，thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.实力提升——一句多译从高层建筑物上看，公园看上去更美丽。④Whenitisseenfromthetopofthehighbuilding，theparklooksevenmorebeautiful.(时间状语从句)⑤Seenfromthetopofthehighbuilding，theparklooksevenmorebeautiful.(分词作状语)⑥Seeingfromthetopofthehighbuilding，Ifindtheparkevenmorebeautiful.(分词作状语)8．形容词(短语)作状语[教材原句]Exhausted，Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。[归纳拓展]形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、缘由或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空/句型转换①Seriouslyinjured(injure)，hewassenttothenearesthospitalatonce.②Luckily(lucky)，Ipassedthedrivingtesteasily.实力提升——句型转换③Shesuddenlyappearedandseemedhappyandsatisfied.→Shesuddenlyappeared，happyandsatisfied.④Becausehewastiredandhungry，theywentintoarestaurant.→Tiredandhungry，theywentintoarestaurant.[实战贴士]形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系。假如用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。授课提示：对应学生用书第150页[教材与高考]Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词1．阅读词汇认知①(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)AndMP3players，smartphones，andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002，beforetabletsande­readersshowedupin2007.n.平板电脑②(陕西卷)Peterwilltakeuphispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.从事③(福建卷)Yourglassesmaysomedayreplaceyoursmartphone，andsomeNewYorkersarereadyfortheswitch.n.转换④(重庆卷)Whatseemsstrange，however，isthatthestandardadoptedforwomenistheoppositeoftheoneformen.Takealookatthewayyourclothesbutton.v．扣上纽扣2．一词多义①(2024·高考江苏卷)Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen，whoselifestylesare，forbetterandworse，representativeofthoseofmostofus.CA．n.代表；典型人物 B．adj.典型的C．adj.有代表性的②(四川卷)Afteraweek，thetwogroupsswitchedwithparticipants.AA．转换 B．开关Ⅱ.语言运用高频点1．语法填空①(2024·高考浙江卷)Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpression(impress)growingoutofthetheme.②(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Thisiswhatmotivation(motivate)orthelackofitcando.③(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)KnowingsomeChinesetablemannerswillhelpyoumakeagoodimpression(impress)onyourChinesefriend.④Ifsomethingdoesn'tsuityou，justtellmeaheadoftimesothatIcanmakenecessaryadjustments(adjust)．⑤(全国卷Ⅰ)Herlackofpropertraininginlawgotherrejectedbythelawfirm.2．完形填空①(2024·高考江苏卷)WhenWilsonreturnedhomefromhospitaltwomonthslater，hisparentsattemptedtofindawaytodealwiththecatastrophethathadhappenedtotheirlives.ButWilsondidnotregardtheaccidentas46.Helearnedbraille(盲文)quicklyandcontinuedhiseducationatWorcesterCollegefortheBlind.A．fantastic B．extraordinaryC．impressive D．catastrophic解析：词语复现题。依据前句findawaytodealwiththecatastrophe，可知此处用catastrophic“灾难性的”，威尔逊没有把这次事故看作是灾难性的。fantastic极好的；extraordinary非凡的；impressive印象深刻的。故选D。答案：D②(2024·高考江苏卷)Howcanwebridgetheever­wideninggapthatseparates