高中英语必修五词汇单选题100道及答案解析

高中英语必修五词汇单选题100道及答案解析1.Theoldmanwas______poorthathecouldn'tbuyanyfood.A.soB.suchC.tooD.very答案：A解析：so...that...表示“如此......以至于......”，so修饰形容词或副词；such...that...中such修饰名词。poor是形容词，所以用so。2.Wewereall______atthe______news.A.surprising;surprisingB.surprised;surprisedC.surprising;surprisedD.surprised;surprising答案：D解析：surprised表示“感到惊讶的”，修饰人；surprising表示“令人惊讶的”，修饰物。第一空“我们感到惊讶”用surprised，第二空“令人惊讶的消息”用surprising。3.It'simportantforusto______agoodhabitofreading.A.developB.growC.increaseD.raise答案：A解析：developahabit表示“养成习惯”，是固定搭配。4.Theteacher______hisstudentstoworkhard.A.inspiresB.encouragesC.permitsD.allows答案：B解析：encouragesb.todosth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”；inspire一般用于inspiresb.todosth.，但inspire更侧重于激发灵感；permit和allow常用permit/allowsb.todosth.但意思侧重于“允许”。5.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem______absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were答案：C解析：thenumberof表示“......的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；anumberof表示“许多”，修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数。6.Sheisvery______toherfriends.Shenevertellstheirsecretstoothers.A.loyalB.honestC.friendlyD.kind答案：A解析：loyal表示“忠诚的，忠心的”；honest表示“诚实的”；friendly表示“友好的”；kind表示“善良的”。根据语境“她从不把朋友的秘密告诉别人”可知她对朋友忠诚，故选A。7.Thedoctor______menottoeattoomuchmeat.A.suggestedB.warnedC.allowedD.permitted答案：B解析：warnsb.nottodosth.表示“警告某人不要做某事”；suggest后接动名词形式；allow和permit意思是“允许”，不符合语境。8.He______tothepartyifhe______invited.A.willcome;isB.willcome;willbeC.comes;isD.comes;willbe答案：A解析：if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。9.I'mverybusyatthemoment.I'dratheryou______tomorrow.A.comeB.cameC.willcomeD.arecoming答案：B解析：wouldrather后接从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。对将来的虚拟用一般过去时。10.Tom______inthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.A.worksB.workedC.hasbeenworkingD.hadworked答案：C解析：overthelastthreemonths是现在完成进行时的标志，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还可能继续下去。11.Theproblemisnot______easy.Think______over.A.such;itB.that;itC.so;/D.that;/答案：B解析：that作副词时，表示“那么”；thinksth.over表示“仔细考虑某事”，it指代theproblem。12.Ihavenoidea______hewillcomeback.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.that答案：B解析：根据句意“我不知道他什么时候回来”，应用when引导同位语从句，解释idea的内容。13.We'llhavetofinishthejob,______.A.longittakeshoweverB.ittakeshoweverlongC.longhoweverittakesD.howeverlongittakes答案：D解析：however引导让步状语从句，其结构为：however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。14.Thelittlegirlwasso______whenshesawthedogthatshedarednotmoveatall.A.frighteningB.frightenedC.amazingD.amazed答案：B解析：frightened表示“感到害怕的”，修饰人；frightening表示“令人害怕的”，修饰物；amazing表示“令人惊奇的”；amazed表示“感到惊奇的”。根据语境小女孩感到害怕，故选B。15.Wehavebeenlookingforwardtothedaywhenthemotorcarisreplacedbysomelessdangerous______oftransport.A.methodsB.meansC.mannersD.ways答案：B解析：meansoftransport表示“交通工具”，是固定搭配。16.He______fromhisseattogreettheguests.A.roseB.raisedC.liftedD.stood答案：A解析：rise是不及物动词，过去式为rose，表示“起身，起立”；raise是及物动词，后面要接宾语；lift表示“举起，抬起”；stand表示“站立”，强调状态。17.I'msureDavidwillbeabletofindthelibrary—hehasaprettygood______ofdirection.A.ideaB.feelingC.experienceD.sense答案：D解析：asenseofdirection表示“方向感”，是固定搭配。18.—Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies?—Notverywell.Ifind______difficulttounderstandwhattheteachersaysinclass.A.itB.thatC.thisD.one答案：A解析：findit+adj.+todosth.中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。19.Itwasinthestreet______ImetJohnyesterday.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.when答案：B解析：这是一个强调句，强调地点状语inthestreet，其结构为：Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分。20.Theman______istalkingtoourteacherismyfather.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.what答案：C解析：先行词theman在定语从句中作主语，关系词用who。21.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,______mygrandparentsandsomerelativeslive.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where答案：D解析：先行词Guangzhou在定语从句中作地点状语，关系词用where。22.Thereason______hewaslatewas______hemissedthebus.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.why;becauseD.that;because答案：A解析：thereasonwhy...isthat...表示“......的原因是......”，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。23.Thebook______Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.where答案：A解析：先行词thebook在定语从句中作宾语，关系词用which。24.Thehouse______roofwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhich答案：B解析：先行词thehouse与roof是所属关系，“房子的屋顶”，关系词用whose。25.Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when答案：A解析：先行词被最高级best修饰，关系词用that。26.Thegirl______yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as答案：A解析：先行词thegirl在定语从句中作宾语，关系词可用that或whom，选项中只有that。27.Idon'tliketheway______hespeakstohisparents.A.whichB.thatC.howD.what答案：B解析：theway作先行词，在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系词可用that/inwhich或省略。28.Heisoneofthestudentswho______fromChina.A.comeB.comesC.comingD.tocome答案：A解析：who引导的定语从句修饰先行词students，先行词是复数，所以谓语动词用come。29.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______fromChina.A.comeB.comesC.comingD.tocome答案：B解析：先行词被theonly修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。30.Maryhastwobrothers,bothof______aredoctors.A.whomB.themC.whichD.who答案：A解析：先行词是人，且在介词of后面，关系词用whom。31.Maryhastwobrothers,andbothof______aredoctors.A.themB.whomC.whichD.who答案：A解析：此句有and连接，是两个并列句，不是定语从句，所以用them。32.I'llneverforgetthedays______wespenttogether.A.whenB.thatC.onwhichD.inwhich答案：B解析：先行词thedays在定语从句中作宾语，关系词用that或which。33.I'llneverforgetthedays______weworkedtogether.A.whenB.thatC.onwhichD.inwhich答案：A解析：先行词thedays在定语从句中作时间状语，关系词用when。34.Thisisthefactory______wevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.whichC.theoneD.atwhich答案：B解析：先行词thefactory在定语从句中作宾语，关系词用which或that。35.Thisisthefactory______myfatherworks.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when答案：A解析：先行词thefactory在定语从句中作地点状语，关系词用where。36.Isthisthemuseum______youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone答案：A解析：先行词themuseum在定语从句中作宾语，关系词用that或which。37.Isthismuseum______youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.theoneD.inwhich答案：C解析：此句缺少先行词，应先补充theone，然后theone在定语从句中作宾语，关系词省略。38.Theman______youtalkedjustnowisaworker.A.towhomB.towhoC.whomD.that答案：A解析：talktosb.表示“与某人交谈”，先行词theman在定语从句中作宾语，且有介词to，关系词用whom。39.Theman______youarewaitingforwon'tcome.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that答案：A解析：先行词theman在定语从句中作宾语，关系词用who或whom，但是waitfor缺少宾语，且介词for没有提前，所以用who。40.Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich答案：A解析：writewithapen表示“用钢笔写字”，先行词thepen在定语从句中作with的宾语，关系词用withwhich。41.Theteacher______classisveryinterestingisMrs.Wang.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.whom答案：B解析：先行词theteacher与class是所属关系，“老师的课”，关系词用whose。42.Thisisthehotel______theystayedlastnight.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.atwhich答案：D解析：stayatthehotel表示“住在旅馆”，先行词thehotel在定语从句中作地点状语，关系词用atwhich或where。43.Thegirl______hairislongismysister.A.whoseB.whoC.thatD.which答案：A解析：先行词thegirl与hair是所属关系，“女孩的头发”，关系词用whose。44.Theman______IspoketoisfromCanada.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.that答案：B解析：先行词theman在定语从句中作宾语，关系词用whom。45.Doyouknowtheman______isstandingunderthetree?A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom答案：A解析：先行词theman在定语从句中作主语，关系词用who。46.Thisisthebook______I'mlookingfor.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.AandB答案：D解析：先行词thebook在定语从句中作宾语，关系词用which或that。47.Ihavemanyfriends,______somearebusinessmen.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom答案：D解析：先行词是friends，“of+关系代词”表示“......当中的”，关系词用whom。48.Hehastwosons,______workaschemists.A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhomC.bothofwhichD.allofwhom答案：B解析：先行词是twosons，指两者用both，且先行词是人，关系词用whom。49.Thisistheroom______welivedlastyear.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inwhich答案：C解析：先行词theroom在定语从句中作地点状语，关系词用where或inwhich。50.Thisistheroom______wevisitedlastyear.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inwhich答案：A、B解析：先行词theroom在定语从句中作宾语，关系词用which或that。51.Hewasthefirstperson______thenews.A.tohearB.hearingC.heardD.hears答案：A解析：thefirst/second...+名词+todosth.表示“第一个/第二个......做某事的......”，此处用动词不定式作后置定语。52.Thereisnothing______.A.toworryB.toworryaboutC.worryD.worryabout答案：B解析：worry是不及物动词，“担心某事”用worryaboutsth.，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，故选B。53.Theproblemisdifficult______.A.tosolveB.tobesolvedC.solvingD.solved答案：A解析：be+形容词+todo结构中，若句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，常用主动形式表示被动意义，故选A。54.Ihavealotofwork______.A.doB.todoC.doingD.done答案：B解析：havesth.todo表示“有某事要做”，动词不定式作后置定语。55.Heisnoteasy______.A.togetalongB.togetalongwithC.gettingalongD.gettingalongwith答案：B解析：be+形容词+todo结构，getalongwithsb.表示“与某人相处”，故选B。56.Thebookisworth______.A.readingB.toreadC.readD.beingread答案：A解析：beworthdoing表示“值得做......”，主动形式表示被动意义。57.Themachineneeds______.A.repairB.repairingC.torepairD.repaired答案：B解析：needdoing=needtobedone，表示“需要被......”。58.I'msorry______yousomuchtrouble.A.togiveB.tohavegivenC.givingD.havinggiven答案：B解析：besorrytodosth.表示“抱歉做某事”，此处“给你带来这么多麻烦”这个动作已经发生，用不定式的完成式。59.It'snouse______withouttakingaction.A.complainB.complainingC.tocomplainD.complained答案：B解析：It'snousedoingsth.表示“做某事没用”。60.I'mlookingforwardto______fromyou.A.hearB.hearingC.heardD.beheard答案：B解析：lookforwardtodoingsth.表示“期待做某事”。61.Pleasestop______.Let'slistentotheradio.A.talkingB.totalkC.talkD.talked答案：A解析：stopdoingsth.表示“停止正在做的事”；stoptodosth.表示“停下来去做另一件事”。根据语境“请停止说话，我们听广播”，这里是停止正在说话的动作，用talking。62.Remember______thedoorwhenyouleave.A.tolockB.lockingC.lockD.locked答案：A解析：remembertodosth.表示“记得去做某事（未做）”；rememberdoingsth.表示“记得做过某事（已做）”。这里是离开时记得去锁门，用tolock。63.Iregret______thatIcan'tgotoyourparty.A.tosayB.sayingC.sayD.said答案：A解析：regrettodosth.表示“遗憾地去做某事”；regretdoingsth.表示“后悔做过某事”。这里是遗憾地说不能去参加聚会，用tosay。64.Try______theworkinanhour.A.finishB.tofinishC.finishingD.finished答案：B解析：trytodosth.表示“努力去做某事”；trydoingsth.表示“尝试做某事”。这里是努力在一小时内完成工作，用tofinish。65.Hewasmade______theroomagain.A.cleanB.cleaningC.tocleanD.cleaned答案：C解析：makesb.dosth.变为被动语态时，要加上to，即bemadetodosth.，所以用toclean。66.Wesawhim______thebuildingandgoupstairs.A.enterB.toenterC.enteringD.entered答案：A解析：seesb.dosth.表示“看见某人做了某事”；seesb.doingsth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”。这里是看见他进了楼然后上楼，用enter。67.Iheardher______inthenextroomjustnow.A.singB.tosingC.singingD.sang答案：C解析：hearsb.dosth.表示“听到某人做了某事”；hearsb.doingsth.表示“听到某人正在做某事”。这里是刚才听到她正在隔壁房间唱歌，用singing。68.Theywentoutoftheroomwithout______aword.A.sayingB.sayC.tosayD.said答案：A解析：without是介词，后接动词-ing形式，用saying。69.It'stimeforclass.Let'sstop______.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.played答案：C解析：stopplaying表示“停止玩耍”，根据“上课时间到了”，应该停止玩耍。70.Theteachertoldus______inthestreet.A.notplayB.nottoplayC.tonotplayD.don'tplay答案：B解析：tellsb.nottodosth.表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，用nottoplay。71.Hespentalotoftime______English.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned答案：C解析：spendtime(in)doingsth.表示“花费时间做某事”，用learning。72.Thedoctoradvisedme______toomuchmeat.A.nottoeatB.noteatC.don'teatD.noteating答案：A解析：advisesb.nottodosth.表示“建议某人不要做某事”，用nottoeat。73.Theheavyrainpreventedus______goingonapicnic.A.fromB.ofC.toD.for答案：A解析：preventsb.fromdoingsth.表示“阻止某人做某事”，用from。74.I'mbusy.Ihavealotofclothes______.A.washB.towashC.washedD.washing答案：B解析：havesth.todo表示“有某事要做”，用towash。75.Mymotheroftenmakesme______myhomeworkfirst.A.doB.didC.doingD.todo答案：A解析：makesb.dosth.表示“使某人做某事”，用do。76.Ihavenopen______.A.towriteB.towritewithC.writingD.writtenwith答案：B解析：writewithapen表示“用钢笔写”，动词不定式作后置定语时，不能省略介词，用towritewith。77.Thegirlistooyoung______toschool.A.togoB.goingC.goD.goes答案：A解析：too...to...表示“太......而不能......”，用togo。78.It'sverykindofyou______mewithmyEnglish.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helped答案：B解析：It's+adj.+ofsb.todosth.表示“某人做某事是......的”，用tohelp。79.I'mthirsty.Pleasegivemesomething______.A.todrinkB.fordrinkingC.drinkD.drank答案：A解析：somethingtodrink表示“一些喝的东西”，动词不定式作后置定语，用todrink。80.Thereisnochair______.A.tositB.tositonC.sittingD.sittingon答案：B解析：sitonachair表示“坐在椅子上”，动词不定式作后置定语时，不能省略介词，用tositon。81.Wearelookingforwardto______youagain.A.seeB.seeingC.sawD.seen答案：B解析：lookforwardtodoingsth.表示“期待做某事”，用seeing。82.Themandownstairsfounditdifficult______.A.gettingtosleepB.togettosleepC.gettosleepD.togetsleep答案：B解析：findit+adj.+todosth.表示“发现做某事......”，用togettosleep。83.Pleasebequiet.Wearenotallowed______muchnoiseinthereadingroom.A.tomakeB.makeC.makingD.tomaking答案：A解析：beallowedtodosth.表示“被允许做某事”，用tomake。84.Thelittleboywasmade______byhisbrother.A.cryB.tocryC.cryingD.cried答案：B解析：makesb.dosth.变为被动语态时，要加上to，用tocry。85.Theypreferred______ratherthan______abike.A.towalk;rideB.walking;ridingC.towalk;ridingD.walking;ride答案：A解析：prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，用towalk;ride。86.Ihavenochoicebut______hisorder.A.followB.tofollowC.followingD.followed答案：B解析：havenochoicebuttodosth.表示“别无选择，只能做某事”，用tofollow。87.Wedecided______athomebecauseofthebadweather.A.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayed答案：B解析：decidetodosth.表示“决定做某事”，用tostay。88.Themangotupearly______catchtheearlybus.A.inordertoB.soastoC.inorderthatD.sothat答案：A、B解析：inorderto和soasto都表示“为了”，后接动词原形；inorderthat和sothat后接从句。这里接的是动词catch，所以A、B都对。89.It'snecessary______us______learnEnglishwell.A.for;toB.of;toC.for;/D.of;/答案：A解析：It's+adj.+forsb.todosth.表示“对某人来说做某事是......的”，用for;to。90.The