高考英语非谓语动词易错知识点

高考英语——非谓语动词易错点总结PAGEPAGE41.当名词被thefirst,thelast等序数词以及theonly,形容词最高级修饰时，常用不定式作定语，而不管动作是否已完成． Heistheonlypersontoknowthetruth. Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.2.被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等。 Andthebestwaytostrengthenwillpoweristomakeitintoahabit. Theabilitytoexpressanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.3.主动形式表被动意义的不定式。主语＋be+adj.+todoThequestionisverydifficulttoanswer.Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin.Thebookishardtounderstand.这类词有：easy,difficult,hard,cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,heavy,good,important,impossible,dangerous,surprised,astonished,delighted,disappointed等，表示主语特征、性质或说明产生这种情感的原因。4.独立主格结构作状语 Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow. Timepermitting（=Iftimepermits）,Ishallstayhereforanothertwodays． Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday. Everythingdone(=Aftereverythingwasdone),theywenthome. Motherbeingillinbed（=BecauseMotherwasillinbed）,hecouldn’tgotowork. Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.5.表示感官的动词1感2听,5看feel/hear,listento/see,watch,notice,observe,lookat感官的动词+宾语+do看见...做了（全过程）...doing看见...正在做...done看见被做...IheardhersinganEnglishsong.IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedherroom.Iseehimbeatenbythosebadboys.6.4个使役动词:have，make，let，get+宾语+宾补（非谓语动词）※make/let+宾语+dosth迫使某人做某事，被动语态为bemadetodosthHemademelaugh.IwasmadetolaughbyhimLet’sgothere,shallwe?※make/let+宾语+done(动词过去分词)（使某事被做）Hecouldn'tmakehimselfheardabovethenoiseofthetraffic.Letheclotheswashed.※have+宾语+dosthHehadhergothere.※have+宾语+doingsth表示动作的执行者为宾语,但是动词必须是持续性动词/延续性动词，后面常接一个时间段HehadherstandingintherainfortwohoursHehaduslaughingallthroughlunch.※have+宾语+done表示叫，让，请别人做某事或遭遇不幸事件IwillhavemybikerepairedthisafternoonHehadhiswalletstolenattherailwaystation.Hehadhispocketpicked.※get+宾语+todosthHegothisbrothertohelphim.※get+宾语+doingsthHegothisbikerunningveryfast※get+宾语+doneHegotthecarstarted7.with的复合结构“With+复合结构”又称为“with结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语。※with+名词+todo（不定式动作尚未发生）Withsomanypeopletohelpus,wearesuretofinishitintime．※with+名词+doing（强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作，正在进行）Hefellasleepwiththelampburning．他没熄灯就睡着了。※With+名词+-ed分词（强调名词是-ed分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生）Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked．8.to作为介词的短语：lookforwardtolookforwardto，payattentionto，objectto＝beopposedto，bedevotedto，stickto，comecloseto(差一点)，getdownto(开始认真做)，get/beaccustomed/usedto(doing),leadto＝contributeto，itcomesto（谈到……；就……而论）9.介词but/except表除了，其前有实义动词do时，but/except后的不定式to要省略，否则to则不省.我们用一句话概括就是：前有do后省toShehasnochoicebuttowaitHecoulddonothingbutwait.Icoulddonothingexceptagree.10.it作形式主语,构成句型: It’s+n.(adj.)+for(of)sb.+todosth. Itisdifficult/easy/possible/necessary/...forsb.todosth.在某些形容词如clever,good,n