定语从句-unit4-Earthquake-grammar课件

Unit4GrammarTheAttributiveClauseAhugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.1.一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍，马路和渠道。Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.

zxxk

2.死伤的人数达到40多万。Translatethefollowingsentences.5.救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.3.接着，那天下午晚些的时候，又一次和第一次一样强烈的地震震撼这唐山。Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.4.部队组成小组将受困的人挖出来，将死者掩埋。Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.3)ThetimewhenhewasbornisFebruary17th,1955.2)Heisawriterwhohaswrittenmanypopularbooks.1)Heisamanwhoseparentsarefarmers.4)TheplacewherehewasbornisGaomiCounty(县),ShandongProvince.5)HeisthefirstonewhowontheNobelPrizeinliteratureinChina.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________Findsomeclauses(从句)thatareusedtomodify(修饰)anounorapronoun(代词).Whatdowecalltheunderlinedclauses?TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)amanawriterThetimeTheplacethefirstoneWhatdowecallthewordsinred?Whatdowecallthewordsinblue?whose

whowhenwherewhoAntecedent(先行词)Relatives(关系词)StructureTherightstructure(结构)ofattributiveclausesis______.A.先行词+关系词+定语从句B.先行词+关系词+……定语从句Youarethegirlwhoseheartissolily（纯洁的）.Youarethegirlwhomwelovesoreally.Whenyougoyouwilltakealltherainthathaswateredmyheartallthenights.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyyouareleavingIdon’tknowthetimewhenyouarehere.Iwon’tforgettheriverwhereyouoftenswim.Andthevalleywhereyouoftenwalk.Findattributiveclausesandantecedents关系词分为关系代词：which,who,whom,that,whose,as

关系副词：where，when，whyKnowmoreabouttherelatives.（1）which只能指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)

Thesearethetrees_______wereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder___________heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary____________youborrowbooksfrom?关系代词用法:whichwhich/省略which/省略（2）who只能指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可略）Theman_________Italkedwithisourteacher.Aperson_____stealsthingsiscalledathief.（3）whom也只能指人,且只能作宾语(作宾语可省略)Theman______________InoddedtoisMr.Li.who/省略whowhom/who/省略（4）that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachine__________canfly.Heistheman.Italkedtohimjustnow.Heistheman___________________Italkedtojustnow.that/whichthat/who/whom/省略Whichhouseismine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouse_______roof（屋顶）isbrownismine.whose(5)whose：即可指人，又可指物。在从句中只能作定语,表示所属关系。whose

在定语从句中作定语,表示引导词与whose

后的名词为所属关系。

whose可与ofwhich/whom+the+n.

the+n.+ofwhich/whom互换使用。

Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue

ThisisthebookthecoverofwhichisbluePracticeTimeTitanicistheship___________sankafterhittinganiceberg.which/thatZhangGuorongisapopstar________diedinthefallinMarch,2003.

who/thatThecat_______hobbyiswatchingTVseemstobealazycat.

whoseThecity______________________________

isBeijing.whichhostedthe2008OlympicGameshost(举办)2008OlympicGamesWhichbabyisJack?穿着红裤子的baby是Jack。Thebaby___________________isJack.Thebaby_______________________isJack.whosetrousersareredwhoiswearingredtrousersJack关系代词（who,whom,which,that，whose）LearnabouttheAttributiveClause指人指物在定语从句中的作用WhoWhomWhichthatwhose√√√√√√√主语主语主语宾语（可以省略）宾语（可以省略）宾语（可以省略）宾语（可以省略）定语=sb’sorsth’sthat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,few,much等不定代词时。

Isthereanythingelsethatyoudon’tunderstand?(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。Allthebooksthatyouneedarehere.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisisthesameknife(that)Ilostyesterday.Thisistheverypen(that)sheislookingfor.(5)先行词既有人又有物时。

Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools

(that)hehadvisited.Dinnerstartswithasmalldish,whichisoftencalledastarter.(6)主句已有who或which时Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.注意：that不能用于非限制性定语从句或介词后。(7)主句以Therebe引导时Thereare200peoplethatdidn’tknowthething.1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree____isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel_____Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.thatthatthatthatthatthatthat1.Theman_________cametoourschoolisMr.Li.2.Thegirl_________________ImetisLucy.

3.Achild_______parentsaredeadiscalledTom.

4.Ilikethebook___________youboughtyesterday.

5.Weshallneverforgetthedays____________wespenttogether.

6.Ihavearoom________windowfacessouth.who/thatwhom/that/who/~whosethat/which/~that/which/~whoseExercise1Fillintheblanks.7.Thenovel_________IborrowedfromthelibrarywaswrittenbyMoYan.8.Theplace______MoYanwrotethenovelwasathisstudy.9.Theday__________MoYanwillneverforgetisOct.11th,2012,_____hewasawardedtheprize.Exercise1Fillintheblanks.(which/that)where(which/that)when1.ThepersonwhichMoYanwantstomeetmostishiswife.2.ThefilmthatwasnamedRedSorghumwasdirectedbyZhangYimou.3.ThereasonthatZhangYimoudirectedthefilmwasthatitwouldbepopular.4.GongLi,whichplayedtheleadingroleinthefilm,

islovedbymanypeople.Exercise2RightorWrong?(who/whom/that)why×

√

×

who×

1.他把昨天买来的那本书借给我。2.我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。3.她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。

Helentmethebook(that)heboughtyesterday.Idon’tknowthegirl

(whom/that)youspeakto.Sheisagirl

whoiscalledMary.Exercise3Translatethefollowingsentences4.那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。5.你记不记得我们一起度过的那一天?

Thoseboys

whoareplayingtennisaremyfriends.Doyouremembertheday(that/which)

wespenttogether?关系副词的定义1.关系副词在定语从句中代替先行词。2.在定语从句中担任成分—状语，即在从句中起副词和介词短语作用。3.起连接作用，它把两个句子连成一个定语从句的主从复合句。关系代词有下列三种：1.Where:在从句中做地点状语，指代地点。2.when:在从句中做时间状语，指代时间。3.Why:在从句中做原因状语，指代原因。由关系副词引导的定语从句引导词:whenwherewhyIstillremembertheday____IfirstcametoBeijing.IfirstcametoBeijingontheday.

先行词

“theday”在从句中做状语,表示时间:(所以用关系副词when。)比较：Istillremembertheday(_________)wespendtogether.Wespentthedaytogether.先行词“theday”在从句中做spend宾语：（所以在该句中用关系代词which/that，并且可省略。）which/thatwhen2.Thisistheplace_____weworkedlastyear.Weworkedintheplacelastyear.

先行词“theplace”在从句中做状语，表示地点：

(所以用关系副词where。)

比较：Thisistheplace(_________)wevisitedlastyear.Wevisitedtheplacelastyear

先行词“theplace”在从句中做visited的宾语：(所以用关系代词which/that,并且可省略。)

先行词在从句中做状语，用关系副词；先行词在从句中做宾语或主语，用关系代词。wherewhich/that注意3.Thatisthereason(____)hedislikesme.Thatis(thereason)

whyhedislikesme.

先行词“thereason”表示原因，用关系副词why.

该句中可省略先行词，或省略关系副词。why关系代词：

1.先行词是人

——

2.先行词是物

——

关系副词：

1.先行词是时间

——

2.先行词是地点

————3.先行词是原因

————————whowhosewhomthatwhichthatwhenwherewhywhose

Practice(练习)1.Thebeautifulcardisfrommyfriend_____livesinAustralia.这张漂亮的明信片是澳大利亚的朋友寄给我的。2.IborrowedthebikefromTom____fatherisateacher.我从爸爸是教师的汤姆那借的自行车。whosewho3.这部影片很有趣。

Thefilmisveryinteresting.

我昨天看的这部影片。

Isawthefilmyesterday.

我昨天看的这部影片很有趣。

Thefilm

(that/which)

Isawyesterdayisveryinteresting.4.

这是那所房子。

Thisisthehouse.

我去年住在这所房子里。

Ilivedinthehouselastyear.

这是我去年住的那所房子。

Thisisthehouse

Ilivedlastyear.ThisisthehouseIlivedinlastyear.whereWhich/that6.Weliveontheearth,____ismuchbiggerthanthemoon.(非限定性定语从句)我们住在地球上,地球比月亮大多了。(“theearth”在从句中做主语)5.Thisistheearth_____welive.

这就是我们居住的地球。(“theearth”在从句中做状语)

7.Istillremembertheday____Marymadeachocolatecake.我一直记得玛丽做巧克力蛋糕的那一天。(“theday”在从句中做状语)wherewhichwhen定语从句修饰的是()被修饰的词叫()定语从句由关系()或关系()引导。关系代词：1先行词是人

—

2先行词是物

—

关系副词（从句中做状语）

1.先行词是时间

—

.2.先行词是地点

—

.3.先行词是原因

—

.Summary(总结)名词或代词代词先行词副词whowhywherewhenthatwhichthatwhosewhomwhose1.Whendoweuserelativepronouns?1)Heisamanwhoseparentsarefarmers.2)HeisthefirstonewhowontheNobelPrizeinliteratureinChina.4)Hewouldgoontobethewriterthatheusedtobe.3)Theamountofmoney(that/which)hewillwinisabout7,500,000Yuan.当定语从句中缺少_______、_______、_______或______时，选用关系代词。注意：缺少定语时只能选用________。主语宾语表语定语whose2.Whendoweuserelativeadverbs(关系副词)?Discovery31)ThetimewhenhewasbornisFebruary17th,1955.2)Theplacewhere

hewasbornisGaomiCounty(县),ShandongProvince.3)Ithinkthereasonwhy

hewantstobuyabighouseinBeijingmaybethathewantstogivehisfamilybetterlivingconditions.当定语从句是______(完整/不完整)的句子时，选用关系副词。此时，先行词在定语从句中做_______.完整状语定语从句中的主谓一致注意两个句型：TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthatdrawlotsofvisit