2023高中英语Unit3FoodandCultureSectionIReadingandThinking测试新人教版选择性

SectionⅠReadingandThinking(1)阅读理解。ABangkok,Thailand,isknownforhavingsomeofthebeststreetfoodsintheworld.Now,onestreetsellerisbeingofficiallyrecognizedforhertastycreations.TheroadsiderestaurantJayFaiinBangkokwasrecentlyawardedastarinthehighlyrespectedMichelinGuidetorestaurantsaroundtheworld.Officialsfromtheguidevisitrestaurantsandthengivethemaratingof1to3stars,basedontheentirequality.JayFaiislikemanyotherstreetrestaurantsacrossBangkok.Theownerandchefis72yearoldFaiJunsuta.Shepreparesthefoodinanopenairkitchen.Shedoesallofthecookinginacoupleoflargepans(平底锅),andwearsspecialglassestoprotecthereyesfromanendlessstreamofsmoke.Someoftherestaurant’smostpopularfooditemsarecrabomelets,crabcurriesanddriedcongee.ManyrestaurantswaityearstoreceiveMichelinstars.“IknewtheMichelinnamebeforebutIdidnotknowithadtodowithcooking,”shesaid.“Iamveryproud.IfeelextremelyenjoyableandIamontopoftheworld.”Butsheaddedthatshewouldquicklybereturningtothekitchenafterattendinganawardsceremony.“WedonothavealotofstaffbecauseI’mabitdifficultandcrazy,”shesaid.Inannouncingtheselections,MichelinsaidBangkokhaslearnedhowtosuccessfullyoffermanykindsofinternationalcookingstyleswithoutgivingupitsownfoodheritage.Thailand’sTourismAuthoritysignedapartnershipwithMichelintocreatetheBangkokguide.ThepartnershipfollowedanannouncementlastyearthatThaiofficialsplannedtoforbidstreetfoodsellersinBangkokinanefforttocleanupthecity.Thegovernmentlaterbackedawayfromitsplanstopletelyremoveallstreetfoodsellers.Butofficialsdidmakesomerulestopreventsellersfromblockingtrafficandpeople.1.WhatdoyouknowaboutJayFai?A.Itonlyhasonecook.B.Itskitchenisthespecialfeatureoftherestaurant.C.Itservesavarietyofdishesinsimplesurroundings.D.Itisfamousforitscleaneatingenvironmentanddeliciousfood.解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theownerandchefis72yearoldFaiJunsuta.Shepreparesthefoodinanopenairkitchen.Shedoesallofthecookinginacoupleoflargepans,andwearsspecialglassestoprotecthereyesfromanendlessstreamofsmoke.Someoftherestaurant’smostpopularfooditemsarecrabomelets,crabcurriesanddriedcongee.”可知,JayFai饭店的店主和主厨是72岁的FaiJunsuta。她在露天厨房里准备食物。她用几个大锅烹饪所有的菜肴,并戴着特殊的眼镜,以保护她的眼睛免受无尽的油烟伤害。饭店中最受欢迎的食物是蟹煎蛋、蟹咖喱和干粥。由此可推知,JayFai饭店在简单的环境中提供各种菜肴服务。故选C。答案:C2.WhatcanweinferaboutFaiJunsuta?A.ShehadlongdesiredtoreceiveaMichelinstar.B.ShefeltexcitedafterherrestaurantgotaMichelinstar.C.Shehadnodifficultyinemployingmorestaffforherrestaurant.D.Shewouldbelatefortheawardsceremonysincetherestaurantwasbusy.解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘Iamveryproud.IfeelextremelyenjoyableandIamontopoftheworld.’”可知,JayFai饭店得到米其林评星后,FaiJunsuta很自豪,并且感觉非常愉快、欣喜若狂。故选B。答案:B3.What’sthegovernment’snewdecisionaboutstreetfoodsellers?A.Helpingthemmanagetherestaurantsbetter.B.Forbiddingthemtosellfoodonthestreets.C.Encouragingthemtoenlargetheirrestaurants.D.Carryingoutsometreatmentmeasures.解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thegovernmentlaterbackedawayfromitsplanstopletelyremoveallstreetfoodsellers.Butofficialsdidmakesomerulestopreventsellersfromblockingtrafficandpeople.”可知,政府后来放弃了彻底清除所有街头食品小贩的计划。但官员们确实制定了一些规则,以防止卖家堵塞交通和人群。由此可知,(泰国)政府最新对街头食品小贩实施了一些整治措施。故选D。答案:DB“Oldwives’tales”arebeliefspasseddownfromonegenerationtoanother.Forexample,mostofusrememberourparentstellingustoeatmoreofcertainfoodsornottodocertainthings.Isthereanytruthintheseteachings?Someofthemagreewithpresentmedicalthinking,butothershavenotpassedthetestoftime.Didyourmotherevertellyoutoeatcarrotsbecausetheyaregoodforyoureyes?Scientistsnowreportthateatingcarrotscanhelppreventaseriouseyediseasecalledmaculardegeneration.Eatingjustonecarrotadaycanreducethepossibilityofgettingthisdiseaseby40%.Garlicisgoodforyou,too.Itcankillthetypeofvirusthatcausescolds.Unfortunately,notallofmum’sadvicepassedthetestofmedicalstudies.Forexample,generationsofchildrenhavebeentoldnottogoswimmingwithinanhouraftereating.Butresearchsuggeststhatthereisnodangerindoingso.Dosweetscausetoothproblems?Well,yesandno.Stickysweetsmadewithgrainstendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.Eventhoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalbeliefsdon’tholdwater,thereisstillalotoftruthinthe“oldwives’tales”.Afterall,muchofthisknowledgehasbeenaccumulated(积累)fromthousandsofyearsofexperienceinfamilyhealthcare.Weshouldrespectthisbodyofknowledgeevenaswesearchforclearscientificsupporttoproveittrueorfalse.

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Eatinggarlicisgoodforoureyes.B.Stickysweetsaredamagingtoourteeth.C.Swimmingafteramealisdangerous.D.Carrotspreventpeoplefromcatchingcolds.解析:细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Stickysweets...tendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.”可以看出,有黏性的糖果的确对牙齿有害。故选B。答案:B5.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthethirdparagraph?A.Bycauseandeffect.B.Byorderinspace.C.Byorderintime.D.Byexamples.解析:推理判断题。第三段第一句是主题句,接着本段列举了“饭后一小时内游泳”和“吃糖”这两个例子来支持主题句。因此,这一段主要是通过举例来论述的。故选D。答案:D6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“holdwater”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Tobebelievable.B.Tobevaluable.C.Tobeadmirable.D.Tobesuitable.解析:词义猜测题。“don’tholdwater”与“thereisstillalotoftruth”意义相对立,那么“holdwater”与“thereisstillalotoftruth”意义相似。故选A。答案:A7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards“oldwives’tales”inthetext?A.Subjective. B.Objective.C.Dissatisfied. D.Curious.解析:推理判断题。综合全文,作者既指出了一些传统说法是正确的,又说明了一些传统观念是没有科学依据的。最后一段作者表明了对这些观念的尊重,因此我们可以看出作者的态度是客观的。故选B。答案:BCManycitiesandtownshavelawsthatrequirepeopletorecyclepaperandplastics.NowCaliforniaandVermonthavelawsaboutrecyclingfoodwastethatapplytobusinessesandhomes.Theprocessofrecyclingfoodwasteandturningitintousablesoiliscalledposting(堆制肥料).Foodwastethatcanbepostedincludesfruitandvegetablepeels,teabags,andeggshells.Gardenwastesuchasleavescanalsobepostedbutmeatandfishwastecannotberecycled.Accordingtoenvironmentalgroups,postingreducestheamountoftrashgoingintolandfills(垃圾填埋场).postedwasteholdsmanynutrients(营养物)anditcanbeaddedtothesoilingardensandfields.Reducingtheamountofwastethatgoesintolandfillsisonereasonwhycitiesandstatesareadoptingfoodwasterecyclinglaws.OfficialsinSeattle,Washington,saythatfoodwastemakesup30%ofthetrashgoingintolandfills,andtheyarelookingtoreducethatpercentage.Thatcityhasalawaskingpeopletorecyclefoodwaste.Itisbannedfromallgarbage.Thereisafineforpeoplewhoputitintoregulargarbage.ReneeCrowley,aprojectmanagerattheLowerEastSideEcologyCentre,pointsoutthatinmunitieswherefoodrecyclingisnotalaw,thereareplaceswherepeoplecandropofftheirfoodwasteforposting.Manyschoolsandcollegeshavealsostartedpostingprogrammes.Criticsoffoodrecyclinglawssaythatthepostingprocessmaybeutopianbecauseitisdifficultforpeoplewholiveinapartmentstostoretheirwasteastheydon’thaveoutsidestoragebins.OneresidentofOrangeCounty,Lily,saidthatshethoughtanindoorcontainercontainingfoodwastewouldgetsmelly.8.Whatdoweknowaboutposting?A.Allthefoodwastecanbeposted.B.postedwasteisofbenefittocrops.C.postingwillmakelandfillsdisappear.D.postingmeansrecyclingpaperandplastics.解析:推理判断题。根据第三段的“postedwasteholdsmanynutrientsanditcanbeaddedtothesoilingardensandfields.”可知,堆肥含有丰富的营养物质,有利于庄稼的生长。故选B。答案:B9.WhatareofficialsinSeattletryingtodo?A.Reducefoodwastegoingintolandfills.B.Banbusinessesfromdroppingofffoodwaste.C.Callonschoolstostartpostingprogrammes.D.Makelawstopunishpeopleputtingtrashintogarbage.解析:细节理解题。根据第四段的“OfficialsinSeattle,Washington,saythatfoodwastemakesup30%ofthetrashgoingintolandfills,andtheyarelookingtoreducethatpercentage.”可知,西雅图的官员尽可能地减少进入垃圾填埋场的食物垃圾。故选A。答案:A10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“utopian”mean?A.Slow. B.Unexpected.C.Unrealistic. D.Expensive.解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的内容可知,这个堆肥过程不太现实,因为住在公寓的人在室外没有储存这些食物垃圾的容器。故选C。答案:C11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Thebenefitsofposting.B.Howtodealwithfoodwasteinourlife.C.Thereistoomuchfoodwasteintheworld.D.Lawsaboutrecyclingfoodwaste.解析:主旨大意题。本文主要告诉我们有关回收食物垃圾的法律。故选D。答案:DReadingandThinking(2)[基础测评]Ⅰ.单句语法填空。1.Mostofthesenewtoolsandserviceshavebeenmarketedtothe________(consume).

2.Weremendthatyousolveallerrorspriorto________(test)thesystem.

3.Ourgreatesthappinessconsists________servingthepeople.

4.Theteachercameinwithsomestudents________(follow)him.

5.I________hopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave.

6.________(exhaust),Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.

7.Putmore________(simple),happinessliesinhardwork.

8.Asweallknow,everyoneadmiresherbecausesheis________(elegance)andbeautiful.

9.Bothrestaurant________(chef)andhousewivesareexpertincookingseafood,soupsandmeat.

10.Promotioninthefirstyearisonlygivenin________(exception)situations.

答案:1.consumer2.testing3.in4.following5.do6.Exhausted7.simply8.elegant9.chefs10.exceptionalⅡ.用适当的介/副词填空。1.Anaveragestudentcanbeatopstudentwithadditionalwork.Cathyisacase________point.

2.________aminimum,theworkingspaceshouldnotbedullanddepressing.

3.________thecrowdscheering,theydrovetothepalace.

4.Youcanslice________justafewcookiestobakeatatime.

5.Notethatyoumusttakesomemedicineprior________thischangehappening.

6.Wewouldliketogohand________handwithyouandtocreateamoresplendidfuturetogether.

7.Thisisatechnicalproblem,whichIwillhavetorefer________ourtechnicaldepartment.

8.Ayearconsists________twelvemonths.

答案:1.in2.At3.With4.off5.to6.in7.to8.ofⅢ.语法填空。Mostpeopletodayrelatethissaying“Tellmewhatyoueat,andIwilltellyouwhatyouare.”1.________healthyeating.2.________,BrillatSavarinwas3.________(actual)referringtoourpersonality,character,andculture.Priorto4.________(e)toChina,thewriter’sonlyexperiencewithChinesecookingwasinAmericaandit5.________(change)tosuitAmericantastes.Afterhehadachance6.________(experience)authenticChinesefoodbyingtoChina,he7.________(realise)thatthroughfood,Chinesepeopleeverywhereshowfriendshipand8.________(kind).Thekindsoffoodlocalpeopleconsumetelluswhattheygrowin9.________(they)region,whatkindsoflivestheylead,andwhattheylikeanddonotlike.10.________wecansayisthatcultureandcuisinegohandinhand.

答案:1.to2.However3.actually4.ing5.hadbeenchanged6.toexperience7.realised8.kindness9.their10.What[提升测评]Ⅳ.阅读理解。(2022年·全国乙卷)TheGovernment’ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinistersfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestheremendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake￡520mayearfortheTreasury.However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate￡240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.Itesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers’effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkspanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milkbaseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallpaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.Today’sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities(设施)andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.1.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.C.Toprotectchildren’shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.解析:细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity.”可知,2016年4月首次宣布,该税适用于每100ml含糖超过5g的软饮料,旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。故选C。答案:C2.Howdidsomedrinkspaniesrespondtothesugartax?A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts’sugarcontent.解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Itesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturerssotheycanavoidpayingthetax.”可知,超过一半的商店销售的软饮料的糖含量已被制造商降低,以避免纳税。故选D。答案:D3.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milkbaseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.ClassicCoke.解析:细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知,一些高糖品牌,如经典可口可乐,已经接受了糖税,并拒绝改变,因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的,每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。故选D。答案:D4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?A.Itisashortsighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.解析:推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Today’sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilitiesandhealthiereatinginschools.”可知,根据一位政府官员的说法,今天的数据显示了糖税正在产生积极影响,它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑。由此可推知,糖税政策的实施是成功的。故选B。答案:BⅤ.完形填空。Onerainynight,Iwaswaitingatacrossroadsinmycarwhensomeoneknockedonmywindow.Itwasayoungboy1forsomething.AfterIheardhissuffering,myheartsuddenlydropped.2,Iwasafraidofreachingout.

Whatifheaskedformore?Whatifhewasjustusedbybadpeopletoprovoke(唤起)3inpeople?Ididn’twanttogivehimmoneybutrememberedthatlittleburgermykiddidn’twanttoeatanymoreonthebackseat.Foodwouldbeabetterandsafer4.SoIrolleddownmywindow,handedtheburgertohimand5.Hedidthesamethroughthepouringrain.

Againmyheartdropped.“Howcanhebehappyforsomethingso6?”IsuddenlyfeltlikeIwasdoingsomething7.Ishouldhavedonemoreforhim.Halfguilty(愧疚的),I8atleastmysmilewouldtellhimthatIcaredabouthim.

Thelightturnedgreen,whichmeantwehadtoendour9.AsIlookedbacktoseewhathewoulddo,Isawhim10toanotherboyintheoppositestreet.Whentheboyranuptohim,he11theburgerinhalf,andgaveoneparttohim.Myheartdroppedathirdtime.

Iaskedmyself,“Howcouldachildsopoor12thelittlehehad?”HereIwasinafortablecar,worriedabouthimtaking13ofme.

Thatexperienceshowedmehowsomething14livesinthosewhoseemtohavenothing.IalsosawhoweasilyI15thestereotype(刻板印象)ofsocietytopreventmyabilityto