2025版高考英语一轮总复习专题检测十一推理判断

专题十一推理推断Passage1CVCCsHighSchoolProgramCareer-technicalprogramsatCuyahogaValleyCareerCenterallowstudentsflexiblecareerpathswithadvancedacademicstopreparethemforcollegeandtheworkforce.ElectricalSystemsEachstudentisprovidedwithtrade-relatedclassroomtrainingthatproducescompetencyandpridethatleadtotruecraftsmanship.Learnhowtousemanyofthelatesttoolsandtechnologieswithhands-ontraininginourfullyequippedlab.Theprogramsdiversifiedcourseworkgivesstudentsastrongfoundationininstallationandrepairofelectricalsystems,inadditiontoreceivingskilltraining,workingandearningapaycheckonthejob.EngineeringTechnologyYoulllearnengineeringconceptsandtechnologysuchasappliedlogic,digitalelectronics,computer-aideddesign,roboticsandcomputer-integratedmanufacturing.Theproject-basedapproachletsyouapplyyourskilltorealsituations.Inpractice,youllpickyourownreal-worldproblemstosolveandgraduatereadyforacollegeengineeringprogram.SportsMedicineExerciseScienceThisscience-basedprogramcombineslectures,hands-onlabsandcriticalthinkingactivitieswithallofthelatestfitnesstechnology.Studentshavetheuniqueopportunitytolearninexerciseandsportsenvironmentsalongsideexerciseandsportsprofessionalsusingadvancedmedicaltechniquestopreventandhealinjuries.Uponcompletionoftheprogram,studentsmayearncollegecreditsatvariousOhiouniversities.Applicantsmusthaveaminimum3.0GPAand“C”orbetterinBiology.EducationProfessionsEducationProfessionsintroducescollege-mindedstudentstothefieldofeducation.Thisfoundationalcoursebenefitsalleducationmajorsregardlessofspecialties.Observationandfieldexperiencesprovidethefirst-handexperienceyouneedtodecideifacareerineducationisforyou.Admissioniswithhighschoolcounselor(顾问)recommendationsonly.1.Whichprogramoffersstudentspay?A.ElectricalSystems.B.EngineeringTechnology.C.SportsMedicineExerciseScience.D.EducationProfessions.2.WhatisspecialaboutSportsMedicineExerciseScience?A.ItistargetedatcollegestudentsinOhio.B.Itisaimedattrainingprofessionalathletes.C.Itonlyadmitsapplicantswithrecommendations.D.Ithasacademicrequirementsforapplicants.3.Whatcanweinferabouttheprogramsmentionedinthetext?A.Theyarescience-related.B.Theyaretechnology-centered.C.Theystresspracticaltraining.D.Theyguaranteeadmissiontocollege.答案[语篇解读]本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为职业规划。本文介绍了凯霍加谷就业指导中心给中学生供应的职业培训项目。1.A细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:哪个项目付给学生工资?依据“ElectricalSystems”中最终一句“Theprogramsdiversifiedcoursework...,inadditiontoreceivingskilltraining,workingandearningapaycheckonthejob.”可知答案为A项。

2.D细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:SportsMedicineExerciseScience有什么特殊之处?依据“SportsMedicineExerciseScience”中的“Applicantsmusthaveaminimum3.0GPAand‘C’orbetterinBiology.”(申请者各科成果平均积分点必需至少为3.0,生物成果为“C”或更好)可知对申请SportsMedicineExerciseScience的学生有学业成果要求,故答案为D项。3.C推理推断题。本题题干意为:从文中提到的这几个项目中我们可以推断出什么?依据ElectricalSystems中的“Learnhowtousemanyofthelatesttoolsandtechnologieswithhands-ontraininginourfullyequippedlab.”(在我们设备齐全的试验室学习如何运用很多最新的工具和技术,并进行实践培训),EngineeringTechnology中的“Theproject-basedapproachletsyouapplyyourskilltorealsituations.”(针对这个项目而指定的方法可以使你把你的技能应用到实际状况中),SportsMedicineExerciseScience中的“Studentshavetheuniqueopportunitytolearninexerciseandsportsenvironments...”(学生们有独特的机会在运动和体育环境中学习……)及EducationProfessions中的“Observationandfieldexperiencesprovidethefirst-handexperienceyouneed”(视察和实地体验供应了你所须要的第一手阅历)可推断出这些培训项目都留意实际操作训练,故答案为C项。

Passage2Nowweareina“goldenage”ofspace-samplecollectionandexploration.Spaceagenciesaroundtheworldarebusycollecting,orplanningtocollect,samplesfromasteroids(小行星),moonsandplanetsandsoon.ChinasChange-5missionisthemostrecentsample-returnmissionthathasbeensuccessfullycompleted.OnDec.17,2024,theChange-5lunarprobe(探测器)returnedhomeandlandedintheInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionafterweeksofspacetravel,ChinaDailyreported.Thiswastheworldsfirstlunarsample-returnmissionsince1976.Themissioncollected1,713gramsofsamplesofrocksanddustwiththehelpofadrillandamechanical(机械的)arm.Anotherspacesample-returnmissionwascompletedonDec.6,2024.JapansHayabusa-2probereturnedacapsuletoEarthcontainingvaluablesamplesfromtheasteroidRyugu.ThiswasthesecondtimeasteroidsampleshadeverbeencollectedandbroughtbacktoEarth.ThefirstasteroidsampleswerecollectedbytheoriginalHayabusaspacecraftbackin2010.Therewillbemoresuchmissionsinthenearfuture.NASAsOSIRIS-RExspacecraft,whichcollectedsamplesfromtheasteroidBennuinOctober2024,isexpectedtoreturntoEarthin2024.RussiasLunar-25missionisscheduledtolaunchtothemoonin2024tocollectlunarsamples.“Icannotemphasizeenoughhowvaluablereturnsamplesareforincreasingourunderstandingoftheoriginandevolutionofoursolarsystemandourplaceintheuniverse,andhowwecametobe,”saidAnnNguyen,aNASAplanetaryscientist.AsfortheChange-5lunarsamples,scientistswillconductvariousanalyses,testsandexperimentstodeterminethecomposition,structureandphysicalcharacteristicsofthesamples.Thisinformationwillhelptodeepenourknowledgeaboutthehistoryofthemoon,aswellasoursolarsystemasawhole.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheChange-5lunarprobe?A.ItwaslaunchedonDec.17,2024.B.Itcompletedthemostsuccessfulmission.C.Itcollectedtheworldsfirstlunarsample.D.Itbroughtbackmorethan1,700gramsoflunarsamples.2.WhatdoestheauthorfocusoninParagraphs3and4?A.Providingexamples.B.Explainingaconcept.C.Drawingcomparisons.D.Makingasummary.3.WhydowecollectsamplesfromspaceaccordingtoAnnNguyen?A.Tolearnmoreabouthowthesolarsystemoriginatesandevolves.B.Todeterminethestructureofthesolarsystem.C.TodeepenourknowledgeaboutourplaceonEarth.D.Tounderstandhowwaterfirstappearedonthemoon.4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.A“goldenage”comesB.ManexploresspaceC.SpacesampleslandD.Scientistsanalysesamples答案[语篇解读]本文为新闻报道。主题语境为人与自然;主题语境内容为宇宙探究。现在正处于收集和探究太空样本的“黄金时代”,世界各地的太空机构都在忙着收集或安排收集小行星、卫星和行星等的样本。1.D细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:对于嫦娥5号月球探测器我们了解什么?依据其次段,尤其是最终一句“Themissioncollected1,713gramsofsamplesofrocksanddustwiththehelpofadrillandamechanicalarm.”可知答案为D项。

2.A推理推断题。本题题干意为:作者在第三、四段关注的是什么?文章第一段中的“世界各地的太空机构都在忙着收集或安排收集小行星、卫星和行星等的样本”为本文的中心句,其次、三、四段是通过举例支撑这一中心句的,由此可推知第三、四段主要是在举例(Providingexamples),故答案为A项。B:说明概念;C:作比较;D:做总结。3.A推理推断题。本题题干意为:AnnNguyen认为我们要从太空收集样本的缘由是什么?依据第五段中的“Icannotemphasizeenoughhowvaluablereturnsamplesareforincreasingourunderstandingoftheoriginandevolutionofoursolarsystemandourplaceintheuniverse,andhowwecametobe”可推知答案为A项。C项中的onEarth与文中的“intheuniverse”相悖,故被解除。

4.C主旨要义题。本题题干意为:本文的合适的题目是什么?通读全文尤其是第一段(文章主题段落)可知本题答案为C项。Passage3ScientistshavediscoveredwhatmaybetheoldestfossilsofagreenplanteverfoundinrocksfromnorthernChina.TheplantisthoughttobeapieceofseaweedgrowingonEarthsoceanfloorabout1billionyearsago.Thatwouldmakethisseaweedanancestorofallgreenplantsalivetoday.TheseaweedisaformofgreenalgaecalledProterocladusantiquus.Itwasverysmall,aboutthesizeofasinglepieceofrice.Researcherssaytheplantwasconnectedtotheoceanfloorwitharoot-likestructure.Atthetime,theplantwasoneofthelargestlifeformsinthesea.Itcontainedmostlybacteriaandothermicro-organisms.Proterocladuswasabletoperformphotosynthesis,takingenergyfromthesuntoproducelife-supportingcarbonandoxygen.Theplantalsoprovidedfoodandshelterformanydifferentkindsofsealife.Thefossilsrepresenttheoldestgreenseaweedeverfound.Thenextoldestfossilofgreenseaweedwasfoundinrockthoughttobeabout800millionyearsold.Thescientistssaytheseaweedoncelivedinanoceanthatwasnotverydeep.Oncetheplantsdied,theybecame“cooked”underthicksediment.Itcreatedfossilsintheshapeoftheseaweed.Manymillionsofyearslater,thedirtwasliftedoutoftheocean.Thenitbecamethedrylandwheretheexampleswerecollected.Thefirstlandplants,believedtobeancestorsofgreenseaweeds,didnotappearuntilabout450millionyearsago.TheVirginiaTechresearchersbelievethatlandplants—includingtrees,grasses,foodcropsandothers—alldevelopedfromgreenseaweedsthatlivedintheocean.Then,overmillionsofyears,theseaweedplantsmovedoutofthewaterandadaptedtolifeonland.1.WhatwasProterocladusinfluenceonsealife?A.Itenlargedthechainoffood.B.Itincreasedtheamountofoxygen.C.Itprotectedsealifefrombeinghurt.D.Itsuppliedsealifewithfoodandhabitat.2.Howdoesthefourthparagraphdevelop?A.Byshowingtheseaweedslivingconditions.B.Bytellingushowfossilsformed.C.Byintroducingthehistoryofseaweed.D.Byanalyzingtheprocessoflandchanges.3.Whatsthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheOldestFossilsWereFoundinRocksinChinaB.ScientistsDiscoverEarthsOldestGreenPlantFossilinChinaC.TheEvolutionoftheSeaweedDelightedScientistsinChinaD.TheDiscoveryoftheOldestGreenPlantFossilShocksthePublic答案[语篇解读]本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为科学发觉。科学家在中国北方的岩石中发觉了地球上最古老的绿色植物的化石。1.D细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:Proterocladus对海洋生物有什么影响?依据其次段中的Proterocladuswasableto...Theplantalsoprovidedfoodandshelterformanydifferentkindsofsealife.可知:它为海洋生物供应食物与栖息地,故答案为D项。

2.B推理推断题。本题题干意为:第四段是如何绽开的?依据第四段内容(科学家们说,这种海藻曾经生活在不是很深的海洋里。一旦植物死亡,它们就会在厚厚的沉淀物下被“煮熟”,形成海藻形态的化石。数百万年后,泥土从海洋中被捞出,然后就变成了收集样本的陆地)可知:本段主要说明化石是如何形成的。故答案为B项。3.B主旨要义题。本题题干意为:本文的最佳题目是什么?第一段提到ScientistshavediscoveredwhatmaybetheoldestfossilsofagreenplanteverfoundinrocksfromnorthernChina.之后文章就此绽开,可知B项能够概括本文中心,故为答案。Passage4Tommy,a26-year-oldchimp(黑猩猩),livesinasmallcageinausedtrucksaleslotinNewYork.Retiredfrommovieworkandwhateverelseonceoccupiedhim,hehasnochimpfriendstokeephimcompany—justaTV.HeisworldsawayfromtherainforestofWesternAfrica,wherechimpsspendmostoftheirlivesintrees,hunting,andsocializingtogether.Hisownerhasntbrokenanylaws,butananimalrightsgroupcalledtheNonhumanRightsProject(NhRP)istryingtochangetheview.Thegroupsayschimpshavesuchhumanlikeintelligencethattheyshouldberecognizedas“legalpersons”andbeplacedinananimalshelterandwanderfree.Youveprobablyheardtheterm“animalrights”,butanimalsdontactuallyhaverightsinmanycountries.Animalwelfarelawspunishpeoplewhomistreatanimals,butthatsnotthesameaschimpshavingarighttolibertyoranythingelse.NhRPsfirststepistoaskajudgetoendpeoplesunjustarrestonbehalfofTommyandotherprivatelyownedchimps.Ifthecourtdecidestorecognizechimpsaslegalpersons,NhRPsnextstepwillbearguingforwhatrightsthechimpsshouldbegranted.“Therightthatwebelievetheyshouldhavemostofallistherighttobodilyliberty,”saysWise,aNhRPgroupmember.“Theyshouldbeabletochoosehowtolivetheirlives.”Tommysowner,PatLavery,saysherescuedTommyfromacarelessowneraboutadecadeagoanddeniesthechimpismistreatedorunhappy.“Helikesbeingbyhimself,”hesays.“Theresadangerinmakingajumptosaytheyrejustlikepeople,”saysRichardCupp,aprofessorwhowritesaboutanimalsandthelaw.“Ifwerereallyfocusedonchimpsbeingvery,verysmart,thenwhoknowsifmaybesomedaywemight...say,‘Hey,heresaparticularhumanbeingthatsnotverysmartatall;maybethechimpshavehigherstatusthanthisperson.’”1.WhatcanweknowaboutTommy?A.Heislivingaverylonelylife.B.Hedislikeslivingintherainforest.C.Helikeswatchingmoviesverymuch.D.HewasillegallyboughtbyPatLavery.2.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Greatprogresshasbeenmadeinimprovinganimalrights.B.PatLaveryisthoughttomistreatTommybyNhRP.C.Animalrightsaregoingfrombadtoworse.D.Animalrightshavebeenadmittedinwesterncountries.3.WhatsthefinalgoalNhRPwantstoachieve?A.Toensurechimpsbodilysafety.B.Tostopillegalhuntingforchimps.C.Tohelpchimpsfindtheirfamilies.D.Tohelpchimpsenjoytheirfreedom.4.WhatsRichardCuppsattitudetowardsNhRPseffortstowinrightsforchimps?A.Hopeful.B.Uncaring.C.Worried.D.Supportive.答案[语篇解读]本文为争论文。主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为动物权利的爱护。本文从26岁黑猩猩在从事电影等工作退休后被关在一个小笼子里引出对爱护动物权利这一话题的探讨。1.A细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:对于Tommy我们了解什么?依据第1段第2、3句(……它没有黑猩猩挚友陪伴——只有一台电视。它置身于非洲西部的雨林之外,而在雨林里的黑猩猩一生大部分时间都待在树上,一起捕猎、交际)可知答案为A项。2.B推理推断题。本题题干意为:从文中我们可以推断出什么?依据第2段(它的主子并没有违反任何法律,但一个名为“NhRP”的动物权利组织正试图变更这一看法。该组织说,黑猩猩具有类似人类的智力,它们应当被认定为“合法公民”,并且应当被安置在动物收容所,可以自由闲逛)及倒数第2段中“Tommysowner,PatLavery,says...anddeniesthechimpismistreatedorunhappy.”可推知NhRP认为PatLavery虐待了黑猩猩,故答案为B项。3.D细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:NhRP想实现的最终目标是什么?依据第4段最终两句(“我们认为它们最应当拥有的权利是身体自由,”怀斯,NhRP组织的一名成员说。“它们应当能够选择自己的生活方式。”)可知NhRP想实现的最终目标是帮助黑猩猩享受自由,故答案为D项。4.C推理推断题。本题题干意为:RichardCupp对NhRP为黑猩猩争取权利的努力持什么看法?依据最终一段尤其是第1句(跳起来说它们简直就像人类这一做法是危急的)可推知RichardCupp对NhRP为黑猩猩争取权利的努力感到担忧,故答案为C项。Passage5Electricvehiclesareclosetothe“turningpoint”ofrapidmassadoptionthankstothedecreasingcostsofbatteries,expertssay.Globalsalesofelectricvehiclesrose43%in2024,butevenfastergrowthisexpectedwhencontinuingfallsinbatterypricesresultinthepriceofelectriccarsunderthesamepetrolanddiesel(柴油)models,whichmayhappenbetween2024and2025.AccordingtoastudybyProf.TimLenton,attheUniversityofExeter,theturningpointhasalreadybeenpassedinNorway,wheretaxbreaks(税收减免)meanelectriccarsarecheaperandthemarketshareofbattery-poweredcarsincreasedto54%in2024inNorway,comparedwithlessthan5%inmostEuropeannations.Thefallsinbatterypricesinthelastdecadehavebeendramaticandfasterthanpredictedthankstoamassiveproductionandcutsincosts,suchasreducingtheamountofexpensivecobalt(钴)required.BloombergNEFsanalysispredictslithium-ion(锂离子)batterycostswillfallsosharplythatelectriccarscanmatchthepriceofpetrolanddieselcarsby2024.McKinseysGlobalEnergyPerspective2024,publishedon15January,forecaststhat“electricvehiclesarelikelytobecomethemosteconomicchoiceinthenextfiveyearsworldwide”.Electriccars,vitalineffortstofightclimatecrisis,arequieterandstarttogofaster,sopeopledonotwanttoreturntoapetrolordieselvehicleoncetheyhaveone.Asurveyof2,000electriccarownersfound91%saidtheydidnotwanttogoback.“Thesurveyshowsthestrongandlastingimpactofswitchingtoacleancar.Theevidenceinfavourofelectricvehiclesgrowsmoreconvincingeveninayearasdestructiveas2024,”saidMelanieShufflebotham,atZap-Map,whichmapschargingpoints.1.Whatleadstothegrowingsalesofelectricvehicles?A.Theriseinpetrolprices.B.Thedesireforalowertax.C.Thedropinbatterycosts.D.Theneedforacleanerlife.2.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.PoliciesinNorwaysupportelectricvehicles.B.EconomyinNorwayoutgrowsothernations.C.Themarketshareofelectricvehicleswilldecline.D.ThetaxbreaksinEuropewillcontinuetoincrease.3.Howwillelectricvehiclesequalfuelvehiclesinprice?A.Byincreasingthedemandforcobalt.B.Byboostingthesalesofelectriccars.C.Byreducingtheproductionofbatteries.D.Bycuttingthecostsoflithium-ionbatteries.4.Whatistheattitudeofpeoplesurveyedtowardselectriccars?A.Tolerant.B.Positive.C.Unwilling.D.Opposed.答案[语篇解读]本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科技发展。由于电池成本的下降,电动汽车的发展正进入快车道。1.C细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:什么导致电动汽车销量的增长?依据第1段“Electricvehiclesareclosetothe‘turningpoint’ofrapidmassadoptionthankstothedecreasingcostsofbatteries,expertssay.”可知答案为C项。A:汽油价格上涨;B:降低税收的愿望;D:对更清洁生活的须要。

2.A推理推断题。本题题干意为:从第2段我们可以推断出什么?依据第2段中的“...theturningpointhasalreadybeenpassedinNorway,wheretaxbreaksmeanelectriccarsarecheaperandthemarketshareofbattery-poweredcarsincreasedto54%in2024inNorway,comparedwithlessthan5%inmostEuropeannations.”(在挪威,该转折点已经过去了,税收减免意味着电动汽车更便宜,在2024年,挪威的电动汽车市场份额增至54%,相比之下,大多数欧洲国家的市场份额不到5%)可推知挪威的政策推动了电动汽车的发展,故答案为A项。B:挪威的经济增长超过其他国家;C:电动汽车的市场份额将下降;D:欧洲的税收减免力度将接着加大。

3.D细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:电动汽车的价格如何与燃油汽车持平?依据第3段第2句(BloombergNEF的分析预料,到2024年,锂离子电池的成本将大幅下降,电动汽车的价格会与汽油和柴油汽车相当)可知答案为D项(通过削减锂离子电池的成本)。A:增加对钴的需求;B:通过促进电动汽车的销售;C:通过削减电池的生产。4.B推理推断题。本题题干意为:被调查的人们对电动汽车持什么看法?依据倒数第2段最终一句(一项针对2,000名电动汽车车主的调查发觉,91%的人表示他们不想再开燃油汽车)可知被调查的人们对电动汽车持主动乐观的看法,故答案为B项。A:宽容的;C:不情愿的;D:反对的。Passage6MarcusEriksenwasstudyingplasticpollutionwhenhemetcamelexpertUlrichWernery.Theywentdeepintothedesertandspottedacamelskeleton(骨架).Eriksenwasnotpreparedforwhathesawinthedesert.“Iwasjustappalled,”hesaid.“Insidethecamelsbodywasamassasbigasamedium-sizedsuitcase,allplasticbags.”WerneryisascientistworkinginaresearchlabinDubai.Since2008,Wernerysteamhasexamined30,000deadcamels.Ofthese,300hadguts(胃)packedwithplastic.Ascamelswanderinthedesert,theyeatplasticbagsandothertrashthatdriftintotreesorpileupalongroadsides.“Toacamel,ifitsnotsand,itsfood,”explainsEriksen.Tightlypackedmassesofindigestiblethingscanbuildupinthegutofpeopleoranimals.Scientistscallthembezoars.Normally,thesearemadeofvegetablefibersorhair.WerneryandEriksencallthosefoundinthecamels“polybezoars”.Itpointstotheirorigin:plasticpolymers.Abezoarcanbedangerous.Asitfillsthestomach,ananimalmaystopeating.Nolongerfeelinghungry,theymightstarvetodeath.Plasticcanalsoreleaseharmfulchemicals.Thepolybezoarsmayevencarrybacteriathatcanpoisoncamels.Inanewstudy,EriksenandWerneryreportdatasuggestingthateachyearthesepolybezoarsarekillingoffaround1inevery100camels.Offivecamelbezoarsanalyzedforthisstudy,theplasticcontentrangedfrom3to64kilograms.“If1percentmortality(死亡率)duetoplasticisconfirmedbyfutureandmoredetailedstudies,thenplasticpollutionwillcertainlyrepresentareasonofconcernforcamels,”saysLucaNizzetto,anenvironmentalscientist.Suchstudiesareimportant,hesays,becausethey“raisesocialawarenessofthispollution”.Banningplasticbagsandsingle-useplasticsiscrucialforprotectingcamelsandotherwildlife,Eriksensays.“Plasticbagsareescapeartists.Theyblowoutofgarbagecans,outoflandfillsandoutofpeopleshands.”Whatsmore,headds,“Theytravelhundredsofmiles.”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“appalled”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Ashamed.B.Shocked.C.Confused.D.Annoyed.2.WhydocamelseatplasticsaccordingtoEriksen?A.Theymistakethemforfood.B.Theyhavetosurviveonthem.C.Theyfindthemverydelicious.D.Theyaresurroundedbythem.3.Whatcanbeknownabout“polybezoars”?A.Theymakecamelsfeelhungry.B.Theyconsistofvegetablefibers.C.Theyarerarepoisonousbacteria.D.Theyarehardtodigestforcamels.4.WhatdoesLucaNizzettothinkofcamel-plasticstudies?A.Theycancertainlyleadtothebanonplastics.B.Theycaneducatepeopleonplasticpollution.C.Theyarequitesimplebutofferenoughdetails.D.Theyareveryconvincingbutlessinspirational.答案[语篇解读]本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为动物爱护。探讨人员发觉,骆驼常常会误把沙漠中的塑料当作食物吃下去,而这在确定程度上导致了它们的死亡。这项探讨发觉也反映出人类活动要对骆驼的死亡担当主要责任,同时呼吁人们禁止运用一次性塑料,从而更好地爱护骆驼和其他野生动物。1.B揣测词义题。本题题干意为:第1段中的画线词“appalled”很可能是什么意思?依据第1段中“Eriksenwasnotpreparedforwhathesawinthedesert.”及“Insidethecamelsbodywasamassasbigasamedium-sizedsuitcase,allplasticbags.”可推断,画线词的意思是“感到震惊的”,与shocked的意思最接近,故答案为B项。2.A细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:Eriksen认为骆驼吃塑料的缘由是什么?依据第2段最终一句(Eriksen说明说:“对骆驼来说,假如不是沙子,那就是食物。”)可知,骆驼吃塑料是因为它们误把塑料当成了食物。故答案为A项。3.D推理推断题。本题题干意为:对于“polybezoars”我们知道什么?依据第3段最终两句(Wernery和Eriksen称在骆驼身体里发觉的那些东西为“polybezoars”。它们的来源是塑料聚合物)及第4段前3句(bezoar很危急。当它填满动物胃部时,动物可能会停止进食。不再感到饥饿,动物们可能会饿死)可推断:骆驼很难消化polybezoars,故答案为D项。4.B细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:LucaNizzetto对骆驼和塑料相关性的探讨有什么看法?依据第5段“...saysLucaNizzetto,anenvironmentalscientist.Suchstudiesareimportant,hesays,becausethey‘raisesocialawarenessofthispollution’.”可知:LucaNizzetto认为关于骆驼和塑料相关性的探讨可以让人们了解塑料污染,故答案为B项。Passage7Masksthathelpedsavelivesduringthecoronaviruspandemic(流行病)areprovingadeadlydangerforwildlife,withbirdsandmarinecreaturestrappedintheincrediblenumberofabandonedfacialcoveringslitteringanimalhabitats.Single-usesurgicalmaskshavebeenfoundthrownaroundpavements,waterwaysandbeachesworldwidesincecountriesbegandemandingtheiruseinpublicplacestoslowthepandemicsspread.Macaques(猕猴)havebeenspottedchewingthestraps(带子)offoldanddesertedmasksinMalaysia,apotentialchokingdangerforthelittlemonkeys.AndinanincidentthatcapturedtheheadlinesinBritain,agull(海鸥)wasrescuedinthecityofChelmsfordafteritslegsbecametangled(缠结)inthestrapsofadisposablemaskforuptoaweek.Theanimalwelfarecharitywasalertedafterthebirdwasspottedmotionlessbutstillalive,andtheytookittoawildlifehospitalfortreatmentbeforeitsrelease.Thebiggestimpactmaybeinthewater.Morethan1.5billionmasksmadetheirwayintotheworldsoceanslastyear,accountingforaround6,200extratonsofmarineplasticpollution,accordingtoenvironmentalgroupOceansAsia.Alreadytherearesignsthatmasksareworseningthreatstomarinelife.ConservationistsinBrazilfoundoneinsidethestomachofapenguinafteritsbodywaswasheduponabeach,whileadeadpufferfish(河豚)wasdiscoveredcaughtinsideanotheroffthecoastofMiami.Masksandglovesare“particularlyproblematic”forseacreatures,saysGeorgeLeonard,chiefscientistfromU.S.-basedNGOOceanConservancy.“Whenittakesthoseplasticshundredsofyearstobreakdownintheenvironment,theyformsmallerandsmallerparticles,”headded.“Thoseparticlesthenenterthefoodchainandimpactentireecosystems.”

Fortunately,therehasbeenashifttowardsgreateruseofreusableclothmasksasthepandemichaswornon,butmanyarestillchoosingthelightersingle-usevarieties.Campaignershaveurgedpeopletothrowthemawayproperlyandremovethestrapstoreducetheriskofanimalsbecomingtrapped.OceansAsiahasalsocalledongovernmentstoincreasefinesforlitteringandencouragetheuseofwashablemasks.1.Whatroledomasksplayduringthecoronaviruspandemic?A.Theykeeppeoplefreeofthepandemic.B.Theymakepeoplelookmoremysterious.C.Theyhelpreducethespeedofthepandemicsspread.D.Theyareofgreathelptowildlife.2.Theauthorusestheexamplesofmacaquesandagulltoshowthat.

A.theanimalslackenoughfoodB.theyenjoyplayingwiththestrapsC.thedesertedmasksputthemindangerD.itstimeforpeopletoprotecttheanimals3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“particularlyproblematic”inPara.4meanbyGeorgeLeonard?A.Marinecreaturesareintrouble.B.Masksandgloveswillfinallythreatenthewholeecosystems.C.Theplasticsareeasytobreakdown.D.Theparticlesmasksandglovesformaresmallerandsmaller.4.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.animalprotectionB.marineplasticpollutionC.howtoreducetheriskofabandonedmasksD.thedesertedmasksendangeringwildlife答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为动物爱护。在新冠肺炎疫情期间帮助挽救人们生命的口罩被大量散落在动物栖息地,这些口罩被证明对野生动物是致命的危急。1.C细微环节理解题。本题题干意为:在新冠肺炎疫情期间,口罩起了什么作用?依据文章第一段中的“Masksthathelpedsavelivesduringthecoronaviruspandemicareprovingadeadlydangerforwildlife”(事实证明,在新冠肺炎疫情期间帮助挽救生命的口罩对野生动物构成致命危急)和其次段第一句中的“toslowthepandemicsspread”(减缓疫情的扩散)可知:口罩有助于减缓疫情的传播速度,故答案为C项。2.C推理推断题。本题题干意为:作者用猕猴和海鸥的例子来表明。文章第一段给出了“口罩对野生动物构成致命危急”这一主题,其次段起先详细介绍全球各地的人行道、水道和海滩都发觉了一次性外科口罩,然后以猕猴和海鸥为例讲解并描述一次性口罩给它们造成的危害,由此可推知:被遗弃的口罩使动物处于危急之中,故答案为C项。

3.B揣测词义题。本题题干意为:第四段中画线部分乔治·伦纳德所说的“很成问题”是什么意思?依据第四段乔治·伦纳德所说的话(那些塑料须要数百年的时间才能在环境中分解,形成越来越小的颗粒。那些颗粒随后进入食物链,影响整个生态系统)可推知:口罩和手套最终会威逼到整个生态系统,这一现象“很成问题”,故答案为B项。4.D主旨要义题。本题题干意为:本文主要关于。依据第一段(本文主题段落)的内容(在新冠肺炎疫情期间帮助挽救生命的口罩对野生动物来说是致命的危急,在鸟类和海洋生物的栖息地,到处都是被遗弃的口罩)可知本文主要讲废弃的口罩危及野生动物。故答案为D项。

Passage8Disease-carryingmosquitoescanspreaddiseaseswithoutaffectingthemselves.Nearly700millionpeoplegetamosquito-borneillnesseachyear,whichresultsinoveronemilliondeaths.Humansexperiencecontinuouspressuresfromdisease-carryingmosquitoesinmanypartsoftheworld,sowehavetofindwaystofightagainstthoseinsectsbecausetheykeepgettingscarier.EventhoughDEETremainsthemostcommonlyused,andmostpowerful,mosquitorepellent(驱虫剂)everdeveloped,scientistsareactivelypursuingeffectiveproductsbasedentirelyonplantoils.WhileDEETisaneffectivecontactrepellent,manypeopledisliketheoilyfeelandsmellontheirskin,andsometimessomepeoplearesensitivetoit.ConsumersarealwaysinterestedinalternativestoDEETandothersynthetic(合成的)repellents,sotherearenumerousnaturalrepellentsonthemarket.InmylabatIowaStateUniversity,myteamandIhavebeenconductingresearchonnaturalproductsaspossibleinsectrepellentsforthepast20years.Inthepastfewyears,threeofmyPh.D.studentshavecontributedgreatlytoourresearchbydesigning,synthesizing,purifying,characterizingandtestingmorethan300closelyrelatedchemicalscomingfromthebestofnaturalrepellentslikecitronellol,mentholandthymol.Thesestudentshavesuccessfullytestedtheserepellentsagainstthreespeciesofdangerousmosquitoes.Thefirstgroupofthenewrepellentsactthroughtheair.Thesechemicalshaveavaporactionthatprovidesprotection.Thesearepotentiallymostusefulinbackyards,parks,houses,barracksandhorsebarns.Theothergroupofthenewrepellentsaretheclassiconesthatstopinsectsfromstandingonatreatedsurface,suchashumanskin,clothingortents;someresearchershaveconductedtestingonsomehumanstoconfirmtheeffectivenessandidentifytheverybestones.Thenewrepellentsweredesignedandmadefromthenaturalmaterialsinplantessentialoils.Theymaintainmanyoftheadvantagesofthenaturalrepellents:Theyarefullybiodegradable(可生物降解的),withnoecologicalconcernsorenvironmentalwastes,andgenerallyconsideredsafelikethethousandsoftypesofplantessentialoilsusedintheflavorandperfumeindustries.However,thoroughtestingwillbeconductedtodetermineiftheyaretrulynon-poisonousbecausethereisstillnoenoughevidence.1.WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowinParagraph1?A.Thewaymosquitoesspreaddisease.B.Thehighdeathrateof