2024年北京朝阳区高一（上）期末英语试卷和答案

高中PAGE1高中2024北京朝阳高一（上）期末英语(考试时间100分钟满分100分)本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分知识运用(共三节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Onawinterafternoon,afriendandIwerethrowingstonesontotheroofofanoldlady’shouse.Weaimedtoseehowthestones___1___tofallingstarsastheyrolledofftheroofandshotintotheyard.Ifoundaperfectlysmoothrock.Itwastoosmooth,however,soitslipped(滑落)frommyhandasIthrewitandit___2___forasmallwindowofthehouse.Hearingthesoundofbreakingglass,IknewIwas___3___.Iwastooscaredaboutgettingcaughtthatnighttobe___4___abouttheoldladywiththebrokenwindowinsuchacoldwinter.However,afewdayslater,Istartedtofeelsorryforher___5___.Shestillgreetedmeeachdaywithasmile.ImadeupmymindthatIwouldsavemypaperdeliverymoneytomakeupforwhatIdid.Finally,Imadeit.IputthemoneyinanenvelopewithanoteexplainingthatIwassorryforbreakingherwindowandhopedthatthesevendollarswouldbeenoughto___6___thecost.Iwaiteduntilitwasdark.Iwentuptoherhouse___7___andputtheletterIdidn’tsigninherdoorinsecret.Atthatmoment,IfeltthatIcouldhavethe___8___,onceagain,tolookintotheoldlady’skindeyes.Thenextday,Ihandedherthepaperandwasableto___9___herwarmsmile.Shethankedmeandgavemeabagofcookies.Afterseveralcookies,Ifeltanenvelope.WhenIopenedit,Iwas____10____toseethesevendollarsandashortnotethatsaid,“I’mproudofyou.”1.A.ran B.jumped C.changed D.added2.A.waited B.headed C.looked D.called3.A.introuble B.intears C.inrelief D.indanger4.A.nervous B.careful C.serious D.concerned5.A.challenge B.suffering C.pressure D.sadness6.A.cover B.cut C.raise D.count7.A.humbly B.painfully C.quietly D.proudly8.A.patience B.desire C.courage D.inspiration9.A.record B.return C.reward D.realize10.A.eager B.excited C.stressed D.surprised第二节选词填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并使用其正确形式填空。duetobeaddictedtoliveuptoratherthanmakeanefforttakeadvantageofrepresenthaveanimpactonenabledealwith11.Theredlinesonthemap______railways.12.Thismoneywould_____metoopenmyownbusiness.13.Thesmokeintheairwas______awildfireinthenearbyforest.14.Youshould______thehotel’sgymandpoolwhileyou’rethere.15.One’sgeneralknowledgeabouthealth______theirlifestylechoices.16.Tim______coffeeandcan’tdoanythinginthemorninguntilhe’shadsome.17.Thegirlhasfailedto______theproblemofhomesicknesswhiletravelingabroad.18.Afterlosingthegame,he______tohidehisdisappointment,butweallsawitinhisface.19.We’veheardlotsofgoodnewsabouttherestaurantanditsfood______ourexpectationtoo.20.______drivingaroundalldaylookingforplacestopark,whydon’tyoutakeabusintotown?第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式琪空。21.Dr.Brownisaseniorprofessor________viewsarewidelyrespected.（用适当的词填空）22.Thelittlegirl______(cry)herheartoutbecauseshehadlosthertoybear.(所给词的适当形式填空)23.Tomwasmyleaderandhepromisedthathe______(help)meifnecessary.(所给词的适当形式填空)24.Wewere______(amaze)toseeJohnlookingsowell,sosoonafterhisoperation.(所给词的适当形式填空)25.WhenIwenttopayhimavisitinthehospital,he______(examine)bythedoctor.(所给词的适当形式填空)26.Heimaginedallsortsof______(excite)thingsaboutstudyingandlivingincollege.(所给词的适当形式填空)27.Afteraheateddiscussion,wecameupwiththeway______(solve)thefundingproblem.(所给词的适当形式填空)28.WhenababyisonemontholdinChina,aFullMoonceremony______(hold)tocelebrateit.(所给词的适当形式填空)29.Theywereimpressedbytheschools______theyhadvisitedinthepoorvillageanddecidedtohelpthem.(用适当的词填空)30.Itisabigchallenge______(find)andkeeptherightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsites.(所给词的适当形式填空)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATePapaTongarewaTePapaTongarewaisthemuseumofart,science,andthenaturalhistoryofNewZealand.Thenametranslatesto“ourcontaineroftreasuredthingsandpeoplethatspringfrommotherearthhereinNewZealand”.TePapaisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm,exceptonChristmasDay.Admissionisfreeforeveryone,butchargesapplytocertainexhibitionsandevents.·GuidedtoursIntroducingTePapaTourwillgiveyouagreatopportunitytounderstandthevariousviewsandculturesyouwillmeetthroughoutNewZealand.TePapa@TwilightTourisanexcellentchoicetoavoidthecrowdsanddiscoverTePapa’shighlightsasthesunbeginstoset.Youcandiscussourdiversenaturalenvironment,andthecontinuedgrowthofMaoriculturewithaprivateguide.TakeajourneywithMaoriExperienceKinakiTour,todiscoverhowfirstpeoplesofthelandhaveformeduniquefoodsprovidedbythenaturalworld.Thetourwillconcludewithasharedkai,traditionally-inspiredfoodtasting.·PlananeducationvisitIfyouareaneducator,choosefromourrangeofeducationprogrammes.Eachcanbeadaptedtoyourneeds.Bothin-personandvirtualvisitsareaccessible.Werecommendbookingatleasttwoweeksaheadoftime.Duringthevisit,werequireyoutobringadultstosupervise(管理)studentscloselyasyouareresponsiblefortheirsafety.Foodanddrinks(exceptbottledwater)arenotallowedinexhibitionareas.Schoolsarewelcometoeatlunchintheoutdoorcourtyard.Youmayalsochoosetobuylunchesfromourcaféandarewelcometousecafespacetoeat.31.Accordingtothepassage,TePapaTongarewa______.A.showslocalcollections B.isfullofworldwidetreasuresC.hostsalltheeventsforfree D.isopenthewholeyearround32.WhichtripofTePapaofferstypicaltraditionalfood?A.IntroducingTePapaTour. B.TePapa@TwilightTour.C.Aneducationprogramme. D.MaoriExperienceKinakiTour.33.ForaneducationvisittoTePapa_____.A.bookingaweekaheadisrequired B.themuseumensuresstudents’safelyC.eatinginexhibitionareasisaccepted D.themuseumsupportspersonalizedserviceBHanselEnmanuel,a19-year-oldbasketballplayer,hasdrawnattentionaftervideosspreadquicklyshowinghisawesomeskills,likemaking3-pointshotsanddunking(灌篮)withease.Allwithjusthisrightarm.Itlooksalmosteffortlesswhenheplays.However,it’snot.Itneverhasbeen.Enmanuelwas6whenhewasclimbingawall.Itfelloverhim,bricksandblocksonhisleftarm.Hewasrushedtothehospital,butthedoctorcouldn’tsavehisarmanditwascutoffseveralinchesbelowtheshoulder.ItwasadarktimeforEnmanuelandhisfamily.Slowly,thingsgotbetterforthelittleboy.Hestillremembersthefirsttimehetiedhisshoes.Just7,Enmanuelwaswaitingforhismothertodoitforhim,butshewasbusycooking.“Iwaslike,nevermind,I’mgoingtostart,”hesaidinarecentinterview.“Itoldmyselfletmetry.Iwastrying.ThenImadeit.”“SoIwasexcited,excitedlikecrazy,”headded.Smallthingsbecamehugevictories.Monthsafterthat,Enmanueltriedbasketball,too.Butit’snotaneasypath.Hismissingarmlefthimlackingbalance.Everytimehetriedtorun,he’dcrashtotheground,fallingondebris(碎片)coveredacrossthecourtsheplayedon.Thesefallslefthimwithnumerousscars(疤痕).Intheinterview,Enmanuelpointedtothescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg,remindersofahardtimethathasbroughthimtoexcellenceinbasketballskills.Enmanuelfirstdunkedat14,anditwasn’tlongbeforehispopularitygrewwiththeviewsonhisvideos.Butitwasn’tthehighlightvideosthatinterestedhiscoach,CoreyGipson.HelikedEnmanuel’sattitudeandthewayhecarriedhimselfonthecourt.“Hanselisaverytoughperson,”Gipsonsaid.“Whenyouseehimonthefloor,youjustseeanunstoppableforcethatdoesn’ttakeanythingforgranted(理所应当).”“I’mnotspecial,”Enmanuelsaid.“I’mnotdifferentthannobody.TheonlydifferenceisthatI’vegotonearm,butthat’snotdifferent.”34.WhatfirstencouragedEnmanueltorecoverfromtheaccident?A.Thehelpfromhisdoctor. B.Managingtotiehisshoes.C.Videosonhisshotsanddunking. D.Theattentionfromhismother.35.Enmanuelpointedtoscarsonhislegmainlytoshowhis______.A.success B.health C.efforts D.competence36.WhatinterestedEnmanuel’scoachmost?A.Hisresponsetodifficulties. B.Hisgreatsenseofbalance.C.Hisconfidenceonthecourt. D.Hispopularityonsocialmedia.37.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.B.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.D.Youcanmakeadifferencebybeingdifferent.CEarlierfindingsaboutsharkshaveshownthattheycouldlearnskillsfromeachother.Recently,VeraSchluesselattheUniversityofBonninGermanyandhercolleagueshavedoneresearchonhowwell12bamboosharkscouldrecognize(认出)differentnumbersofobjects.Eachsharkwasputinatrainingpoolwithpicturesoftwodifferentgroupsofgeometric(几何图形的)shapesprojectedontoawallTheteamthencycledthroughatleast40objectsofdifferentshapesandshadestoensurethesharksweren’tsimplypickinguponthedarknessoftheobjectsortheareaofwalltheycovered.Aroundhalfthesharkslearnedtoreliablypresstheirnoseagainsttheimagewiththemostobjects,afterwhichtheywererewardedwithfood.Thesesharksonlyseemedabletopickoutthebiggergroupifitcontainedatleasttwomoreobjectsthanthesmallerone.Thismaybebecausethedifferencebetweensixandsevenfishorpredators(捕食者)isunimportantinthewild,saysSchluessel.Thereasonnotallthesharkslearnedhowtodothetaskcouldbethatthey,likeallanimals,havedifferencesinintelligence(智力).Sharksjoinagrowingnumberofanimalsthathavebeendiscoveredtohavesimilarskillsatdistinguishingquantities,includingblackbears,guppiesandrhesusmonkeys.Inoneexperiment,dogsandwolveswereabletoreliablypickthelargeroftwogroups.Butdogscouldonlydosowhenoneofthegroupshadfarmoreobjects.Somesharkspeciesaresociallearnersandcanperformataskinatankmorequicklyiftheywatchanothersharkthathasalreadybeentrainedtodoit.Thischallengestheimageofsharksasmindless,solitarycreatures.Justlikehumans,sharkslearnfromtheirownexperiencesandfailures.Andjustaswedo,sharkscanlearnfromeachother’sexperiencestoo,saysCatarinaVilaPoucaatMacquarieUniversityinAustralia.“Beingabletolearnfromothersisenormouslybeneficial.Notonlydoesitsavetime,butwatchinganothershark’ssuccessatfeedingorfailuretoescapepredatorscouldbeamatteroflifeordeath.”Schluesselandhercolleagueshavealsopreviouslyfoundthatbamboosharkshaveanadvancedabilitytorecognizecategories,suchassnailsorfish,enablingthemtogetatreatevenifpictureslookremarkablysimilar.Thisissimilartoourabilitytolookatagoldfishandasalmonandknowthattheyarethesametypeofthing,eventhoughoneis30timesthesizeoftheother.38.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesharksintherecentresearch?A.Theyaretrainedtorecognizetheshapes.B.Theyarecapableoftellingmorefromless.C.Theycanidentifyobjectsduetotherewards.D.Theyarenobetterthandogsintellingnumbers.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“solitary”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Selfish. B.Lonely. C.Risky. D.Lazy.40.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toshowhowsharkslearnfromeachother.B.Toexplainhowsharksandhumansarealike.C.Toprovethatsharksaresmarterthantheylook.D.Topresenttheimportanceofnumbersforsharks.DDespitedecadesofresearch,disordersofthebrainhaveprovedespeciallydifficulttotreat.Thereisschizophrenia(精神分裂症),whichhasnotseenabreakthroughformorethan60years,sincethediscoveryofchlorpromazine—whichhappenedlargelybychance.Butthestoryofchlorpromazineoffersapowerfullesson:originallyanantihistamine(抗过敏药),itwasrepurposedasamedicineforschizophrenia.Asascientistwhohasstudiedschizophreniafordecades,Iamconvincedthatwecouldhavesimilarsuccesseswithothermedicinesalreadyonourshelves.BecauseanexistingdrughasalreadypassedFoodandDrugAdministrationtests(FDA-approved),successfullyrepurposingitcouldtakelessthanhalfoftheestimated13yearsandsignificantlylessthantheaverage$2-billionto$3-billioncostofdevelopingasingledrugfromnothing.ThethousandsofFDA-approveddrugsthusrepresentavastresourcethatcanpossiblybeadaptedtotargetanynumberofconditions.Butthispossibilityislargelyunexplored,inpartbecausedrugcompaniesalwayshavetorestructuretheirResearchandDevelopment(R&D)programstolookatotherdiseases.TherearealsothousandsofdrugsthatarenotFDA-approved.Whenacompanydiscontinuesdevelopmentofadrug,whateverresearchersknowislockedupinthatcompany’sfilesandmightaswellbelost.Scientistsneedaccess(使用机会)tothisinformation.Ifthisinformationcouldbedirectedintoacentralizedresource,itwouldbegreatnews.Researcherscouldemploythelatesttoolsinbio-informatics,datascienceandmachinelearningtouncovercommonmolecular(分子的)themesamongorbetweendiseasesandpromisingdrugs.Yetmanydrugcompaniesarestillunwillingtorevealanythingthatmightputtheircopyrightsatrisk.Evenacademicsmayhesitatetosharewithcompetinglaboratories.Tocopewiththis,organizationsliketheFDAmustdevelopmotivationsforsharingdata,suchasbycreatinglegalsafeguardsforprivacyandcommercialinterests.Thesemotivationscouldthenopenthefloodgatesforeasy-to-use,openplatformsforefficientlysharingandminingdata.Thiswouldnothavebeenpossiblefiveyearsago.Butnowisacriticalmoment,andwehaveneverbeenclosertorealbreakthroughs.Inmylab,wearetestingcertaincancerdrugsthatrestoresomeofthebiologicalprocessesthataredisturbedinschizophrenia.Wewanttoseeifthedrugshavethesamerestorativefeaturesinthebraincellsofschizophreniapatients.Thisisaproofoftheideathatasystematicandstrategicapproachtodrugrepurposingcouldactuallymovetheneedle.Thereisnotimetowaste.Whatweneediscooperationfromdrugcompaniesandacademicscientistsalike—andaccesstothelifesavingdatatheyhold.41.Whydoestheauthormentionchlorpromazineinthefirstparagraph?A.Tostressthedifficultyintreatingbraindisorders.B.Toexplainmedicalprogresscouldhappenbyluck.C.TointroduceamedicinebreakthroughinmedicalhistoryD.Toshowamedicineforacertainillnesscantreatanotherdisease.42.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Informationarisingfromdrugdevelopmentcanbewasted.B.Theundevelopedfunctionsofpresentmedicinesareovervalued.C.WeshouldtreasureFDA-approveddrugsmorethantheunapproved.D.Studyingexistingdrugsismorelikelytosucceedthandevelopingnewones.43.Asfordrugcompanies’beingunwillingtoshare,theauthoris_______.A.supportive B.negative C.understanding D.uncertain44.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.NewDrugsfromOld B.AccesstoLifesavingDataC.BetweenDrugCompaniesandScientists. D.BeforeandAfterMedicalBreakthroughs第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formanypeople,beingconnectedinthedigitalworldisjustapartpfeverydaylife.However,therearemanytimeswhenyoumightwanttogiveupyourdigitaldevices.____45____Whatisadigitaldetox?Adigitaldetoxreferstoaperiodwhenapersonstopsusingtechdevicessuchassmartphones,computers,andsocialmedia.Itisoftenseenasawaytofocusonreal-lifesocialinteractionswithoutdisturbing.Thereareavarietyofformsofdetoxing.____46____Also,youcantryaspecificdetox—limitingtheuseofoneappordigitaltoolthatistakinguptoomuchofyourtime.Whydoyouneedadigitaldetox?Manyexpertsbelievethattechanddeviceoverusecanleadtophysicalandmentalproblems.OnestudypublishedonGlobalPediatricHealthsuggestedthatchildrenwhouseddigitaldevicesatbedtimehadsignificantlyworseandlesssleep.____47____Besides,heavydeviceusemayberelatedtomentalhealthconcerns.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniarecentlypublishedastudylinkingtheuseofsocialmediatoincreasedstresslevelandsymptoms(症状)ofdepressionandloneliness.____48____Formanypeople,completelygivingupallformsofdigitalcommunicationmightnotbepossible,particularlythosewhodependonthemforworkorschool.So,thefirstkeyistoberealistic.Ifyouneedyourdevicesduringthedayforyourjob,trydoingamini-detoxatnight.____49____Anotherwayistoremovethingsthatdisturbyou.Trytoturnoffpushnotifications(通知)onyourphoneorleaveyourphoneathomewhenyouarehavingdinnerwithfriends.Ofcourse,youcanalsotellyourfriendsandfamilythatyouareonadigitaldetoxandaskfortheirhelp,orkeepajournaltotrackyourprogresstoensureamoresuccessfuldetox.A.Howdoyoudoadigitaldetox?B.Inthiscase,youmightaswelltryadigitaldetox.C.Whatarethekeystogivingupalldigitalcommunication?D.Italsofoundaconnectionbetweennighttimetechuseandeyesightproblem.E.Doingamini-detoxisonewaytosetlimitsandreduceyourfearofmissingout.F.Duringthattime,youcanturnoffyourdevicesandspendaneveningfreeofelectronics.G.Oneofthemisadigitalfast,whichmeansgivingupalldigitaldevicesforaperiodoftime.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Nowadays,peoplearespendingmorehoursonwork.However,takingsometimeoffisimportantforrefreshingyourselves.Ifyou’rehavingtroublemakingtimeforabreak,therecentresearchbytheUCLA’sAndersonSchoolsuggeststhattreatingyourweekendslikeavacationcanmakeyouhappier.Thefindingsarebasedonaseriesofexperiments.Inonestudyof441workers,halfofthetestsubjectswereinstructedtohaveanormalweekend,whiletheothershadto“treattheirweekendlikeavacation.”ThenextMonday,theweekendvacationersreportedthattheyfelthappierandweregenerallymoresatisfiedthanthosewhohadhadanormalweekend.Thevacationersalsoreportedtheyspentmoremoneyinvacationmode—about$130comparedto$104.Butitwasn’tthemoneythatboughtthemhappiness.Theresearcherscontrolledfortheamountofmoneybothgroupscouldspend.Thevacationerswerestillhappierthantheoneswhohadexperiencedatypicalweekend.Thereasonthevacationapproachmayhaveworkedwonders:Thevacationmindsetallowspeopletobemoreattentivetothepresentmoment.“We’realwaystryingtogetthroughthingstocheckoffourto-dolistsandtreatingtheweekendlikeavacationpushesusoutofourcontinuous‘doing’mode,”saidCassieHolmes,aprofessoratUCLA’sAndersonSchool.Thestudyshowedthatgettingintoavacationmindsetduringtheweekendisrelativelyeasy.Evenifyoucan’ttaketheentireweekend“off”,youcanmanagetostealapieceoftheweekendtogainthebenefitsofavacationmindset.50.WhatdoestheresearchoftheUCLA’sAndersonSchoolsuggest?___________________________________________________________________________________________________51.Whymaythevacationapproachhaveworkedwonders?___________________________________________________________________________________________________52.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Whentheresearcherscontrolledfortheamountofmoneybothgroupscouldspend,thevacationgroupwasunhappierthantheothergroup.___________________________________________________________________________________________________53.Whatwouldyoudotogetintoavacationmindsetatweekends?Andexplainwhy.(Inabout40words)___________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(20分)54.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim被中文老师邀请去家里过除夕(ChineseNewYear’sEve)，他发来邮件询问相关信息。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1.除夕活动；2.做客礼仪。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分知识运用(共三节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D5.B6.A7.C8.C9.B10.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者不小心打破了一位老妇人的窗户，作者感到很内疚，于是给老妇人送了一封匿名信，信里作者表达了自己的歉意，且有作者省下来的七美元，用来支付打破窗户的费用。但是第二天当作者给老妇人送报纸时，老妇人给了作者一袋子饼干，作者发现里面有一封信，信封里有七美元和一张写着“我问你感到骄傲”的便条，原来老妇人早就知道是作者打破了窗户。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的目的是看看当石头从屋顶滚落并射入院子时，它们是如何变成流星的。A.ran跑步；B.jumped跳；C.changed变化；D.added加上。由下文“tofallingstarsastheyrolledofftheroofandshotintotheyard.”可知，作者和朋友扔石头的目的是想看当石头从屋顶滚落并落入到院子时，它们是如何变成流星的。故选C。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而它太光滑了，所以当我扔它时它从我的手中滑落，它飞向了房子的一扇小窗户。A.waited等待；B.headed前往；C.looked看；D.called打电话。headfor固定搭配，意为“前往；朝……移动/前进”，由下文“forasmallwindowofthehouse.”可知，石头朝房子的已删窗户那飞去了。故选B。【3题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：听到玻璃破碎的声音，我知道我遇到麻烦了。A.introuble有麻烦；B.intears流泪的；C.inrelief如释重负；D.indanger处于危险中。由上文“Hearingthesoundofbreakingglass”和下文“Iwastooscaredaboutgettingcaughtthatnight”可知，作者打破了别人家的窗户，怕自己被捉到，所以说作者知道自己遇到麻烦了。故选A。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上我害怕被抓了，根本没有去关心那个在这么冷的冬天窗户破了的老太太。A.nervous紧张的；B.careful仔细的；C.serious严肃的；D.concerned关心的。由上文“Iwastooscaredaboutgettingcaughtthatnighttobe”和下文“abouttheoldladywiththebrokenwindowinsuchacoldwinter.”可知，作者当时太害怕了，根本没有关心这么冷的天，这位老太太会如何度过，beconcernedabout固定搭配，意为“关心”。故选D。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，几天后，我开始为她的痛苦感到难过。A.challenge挑战；B.suffering痛苦；C.pressure压力；D.sadness伤心。由上文“theoldladywiththebrokenwindowinsuchacoldwinter.”可知，作者打破了老太太的窗户，这么冷的天，老太太肯定会受冻，由此可知，作者开始为她老太太在这么冷的天受苦而感到难过。故选B。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把钱装进一个信封，并附上一张纸条，解释说我很抱歉打破了她的窗户，并希望这七美元足以支付费用。A.cover支付；B.cut切；C.raise提高；D.count数数。由上文“thesevendollarswouldbeenoughto”和下文“thecost”可知，作者将七美元给老太太，希望能支付自己打破窗户的费用。故选A。【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我悄悄走到她家，把那封我没有署名的信偷偷地放在她家门口。A.humbly谦虚地；B.painfully痛苦地；C.quietly悄悄地；D.proudly骄傲地。由上文“Iwaiteduntilitwasdark”和下文“puttheletterIdidn’tsigninherdoorinsecret”可知，作者等到天黑时悄悄地来到她家，把信悄悄地放在门口。故选C。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我觉得我可以再一次有勇气看向老太太慈祥的眼睛。A.patience耐心；B.desire渴望；C.courage勇气；D.inspiration灵感。根据上文“IputthemoneyinanenvelopewithanoteexplainingthatIwassorryforbreakingherwindowandhopedthatthesevendollarswouldbeenoughto____6____thecost.”和“Iwentuptoherhouse____7____andputtheletterIdidn’tsigninherdoorinsecret.”可知，作者之前感到愧疚，但是现在作者为自己所做的错事进行了补偿，所以觉得自己再一次有勇气看向老太太慈祥的眼睛。故选C。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我把报纸递给她，并能回报她温暖的微笑。A.record记录；B.return回报；C.reward酬谢；D.realize意识到。由下文“Shethankedmeandgavemeabagofcookies.”可知，当作者给老太太报纸时，她感谢了作者，对作者回以微笑。故选B。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我打开它时，我惊讶地看到了七美元和一张简短的纸条，上面写着“我为你感到骄傲”。A.eager渴望的；B.excited兴奋的；C.stressed有压力的；D.surprised惊讶的。由下文“toseethesevendollarsandashortnotethatsaid,“I’mproudofyou.””和上文提到作者偷偷地将匿名信和钱给了老太太可知，这封信表明老太太早就知道是作者打破了窗户，所以作者感到很惊讶。故选D。第二节选词填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)【答案】11.represent12.enable13.dueto14.takeadvantageof15.hasanimpacton16.isaddictedto17.dealwith18.madeaneffort19.livesupto20.Ratherthan【11题详解】考查动词和时态。句意：地图上的红线代表铁路。根据句意可知，此处为动词represent“代表”，满足句意要求，结合句意可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语Theredlines为复数名词，所以为动词复数形式。故填represent。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：这笔钱可以让我开自己的公司。根据句意可知，此处为动词enable“使能够”，构成动词短语enablesbtodosth“使某人能够做某事”，满足句意要求，结合空前would可知，为动词原形。故填enable。【13题详解】考查介词短语。句意：空气中的烟雾是由附近森林的野火引起的。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语dueto“归因于，由于”，满足句意要求。故填dueto。【14题详解】考查动词短语。句意：你应该好好利用酒店的健身房和游泳池。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语takeadvantageof“利用”，满足句意要求，结合空前should情态动词可知，为动词原形。故填takeadvantageof。【15题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：一个人的健康常识对他们的生活方式选择有影响。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语haveanimpacton“对……有影响”，满足句意要求，结合句意可知，该句为陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语One’sgeneralknowledge为不可数名词，所以为动词三单形式。故填hasanimpacton。【16题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：蒂姆对咖啡上瘾，早上不喝点咖啡就做不了任何事。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语beaddictedto“沉迷于”，满足句意要求，结合and连接的can’tdo可知，此处应为一般现在时。故填isaddictedto。【17题详解】考查动词短语。句意：这个女孩在国外旅行时没能处理好思乡的问题。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语dealwith“解决，处理”，满足句意要求，结合空前to不定式可知，为动词原形。故填dealwith。【18题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：输了比赛后，他努力掩饰自己的失望，但我们都从他的脸上看出来了。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语makeanefforttodo“努力做某事”，满足句意要求，结合后面动词saw可知，此处应为一般过去时。故填madeaneffort。【19题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：我们听到了很多关于这家餐厅的好消息，它的食物也符合我们的期望。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语liveupto“不辜负”，满足句意要求，结合句意可知，此处为一般现在时，主语itsfood为不可数名词，所以为动词三单形式。故填livesupto。【20题详解】考查固定短语。句意：与其整天开着车到处找地方停车，你为什么不坐公共汽车进城呢？根据句意可知，此处为固定短语ratherthan“而不是，与其”，满足句意要求。故填Ratherthan。第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式琪空。21.【答案】whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意：布朗博士是一位资深教授，他的观点受到广泛尊重。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为professor，因空白处在从句中作定语，使用关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。22.【答案】cried【详解】考查动词时态。句意：小女孩因为丢了玩具熊而痛哭。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合从句动词hadlost可知，此处应为描述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填cried。23.【答案】wouldhelp【详解】考查动词时态。句意：汤姆是我的领导，他答应必要时他会帮助我。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由主句动词promised可知，此处也要用相应的过去时态，结合句意可知，从句表示过去将要发生的事情，用过去将来时，为woulddo。故填wouldhelp。24.【答案】amazed【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们惊讶地看到约翰手术后这么快就恢复得这么好。分析句子可知，此处为形容词amazed“惊讶的”作表语，构成动词短语beamazedtodo“惊讶于做某事”，满足句意要求。故填amazed。25.【答案】wasbeingexamined【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：当我去医院看望他时，他正在接受医生的检查。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意以及从句动词went可知，此处应表示过去正在进行的事情，为过去进行时，结合he和动词examine为被动关系，所以为过去进行时的被动语态结构。故填wasbeingexamined。26.【答案】exciting【详解】考查形容词。句意：他想象着大学里学习和生活的种种令人兴奋的事情。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词things，表示“令人兴奋的”，应用-ing结尾的形容词exciting。故填exciting。27.【答案】tosolve【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过激烈讨论，我们想出了解决资金问题的办法。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词way，thewaytodosth.固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”，名词way后应用不定式作后置定语，故填tosolve。28.【答案】isheld【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在中国，当婴儿一个月大时，会举行满月仪式来庆祝。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语aFullMoonceremony和动词hold为被动关系，所以用被动语态结构，构成是“be+过去分词”，结合句意以及从句动词is可知，本句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，be动词应用is。故填isheld。29.【答案】that##which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们参观过的贫困村的学校给他们留下了深刻的印象，于是决定帮助他们。“________theyhadvisitedinthepoorvillage”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theschools，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用that/which引导定语从句，故填that/which。30.【答案】tofind【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在进步与文化遗址保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡是一项巨大的挑战。itbe+(a/an)+名词+todosth.固定句型，意为“做某事是（一件）……的事”，it是形式主语，此处应用不定式作真正的主语，故