人教版高考英语一轮复习讲义必修一　Unit2EnglishAroundtheWorld

第一部分基础知识必修一Unit2EnglishAroundtheWorld1.了解英语的基本常识以及其发展，尤其是现在的重要地位；2.了解不同种类的英语以及它们的特性。AtpresentEnglishisplayinganimportantpartintheworldbecauseofmunication.EverycountryhasitsownidentityinEnglishspeaking.ItwasBritishthatbroughtEnglishtoothercountriesbymakingvoyages.ButcanyouspeakEnglishasfluentlyasanativeEnglishspeaker?Actually,it'snoteasy.Oursuccessisbasedonpracticewhichneedsourefforts.WeallhopetospeakEnglishfluently,butwearen'tofficiallymandedorrequestedtospeakEnglish.ButifyoufrequentlyspeakEnglishatschoolandhome,yourspokenEnglishwillgraduallybebetter.WhenyoueuptoanativeEnglishspeaker,youshouldgostraighttohimandmakeuseofthechancetotalkwithhimtogetyourEnglishimproved,suchasyourspelling,usageofexpressions,vocabularyandaccent.Evenifyoucan'tspeakstandardEnglish,youwillberecognizedasagoodstudent.1.becauseof因为；由于2.eup走近；上来；提出3.actuallyadv.实际上；事实上4.makeuseof利用；使用5.playapart(in)扮演一个角色；参与1．是英国人在航海时将英语带到世界各地。ItwasBritishthatbroughtEnglishtoothercountriesbymakingvoyages.2.我们的成功是以练习为基础，这需要我们付出很多。Oursuccessisbasedonpracticewhichneedsourefforts.3.即使你不能说标准的英语，你也会被看作是一个好学生。Evenifyoucan'tspeakstandardEnglish,youwillberecognizedasagoodstudent.★officialadj.官方的；正式的；公务的★voyagen．航行；航海★nativeadj.本国的；本地的n．本地人；本国人★basevt.以……为根据n.基部；基地；基础★atpresent现在；目前★gradualadj.逐渐的；逐步的★vocabularyn．词汇；词汇量；词汇表★spellingn．拼写；拼法★identityn．本身；本体；身份★fluentadj.流利的；流畅的★suchas例如……；像这种的★frequentadj.频繁的；常见的★usagen．使用；用法；词语惯用法★mandn．&vt.命令；指令；掌握★requestn．&vt.请求；要求★expressionn．词语；表示；表达★recognizevt.辨认出；承认；公认★accentn．口音；腔调；重音★straightadv.直接；挺直adj.直的；笔直的；正直的★basicadj.基本的★graduallyadv.逐渐地；逐步地★fluentlyadv.流利地；流畅地★frequentlyadv.常常；频繁地★recognitionn．承认；公认一、重点单词需牢记1.nativeadj.本国的；本地的n．本地人；本国人ItiseasytoseethatheisanativeEnglishman.很容易看出他是一个土生土长的英国人。BananaisnativetoTaiwan.香蕉是台湾的土特产。benativeto(动植物)原产……的，原属于……的nativeland/speaker祖国/说本族语的人nativelanguage/tongue本族语言/母语native作形容词用作表语时，常与介词to连用，作名词时常与of连用。2.basevt.以……为根据n.基部；基地；基础bebasedon基于，以……为基础bebasedin把总部/基地设在……Thisplayisbasedonatruestory.这出戏以真事为基础。Thepany'sheadquartersisbasedinParis.该公司的总部设在巴黎。Theexplorerssetupabaseatthefootofthemountain.探险者们在山脚下建立了基地。Helpingothersintroubleisthebasisofherphilosophy.帮助有困难的人是她的基本原则。Manychildrenareunfitastheydon'tdobasicexercises.许多孩子不健康，是因为他们连基本的健身锻炼都不做。basisn．基础；根据(复数形式是bases)basicadj.基本的3.latteradj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的theformer...，thelatter...前者……，后者……Therearetwodesksintheroom.Theformerisyellow,thelatterisred.房间里有两张桌子，前者是黄色的，后者是红色的。late，later，latter，latest，latelylateadj.&adv.迟，迟的，晚的，晚期，在晚期lateradj.&adv.较迟，较晚一些(late比较级)latteradj.后者的，后面的；近来的latestadj.&adv.最新、最近或最迟(late的最高级)latelyadv.最近，不久前“结构同现”指成对出现的短语，如some...,others；ononehand...ontheotherhand；theformer...,thelatter等。4.mandn．&vt.命令；指令；掌握at/by/underone'smandof听某人指挥inmandof指挥着haveagoodmandof精通……mandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事Thearmyisundertheking'smand.军队由国王直接统率。ShehadagoodmandoftheEnglishlanguage.她精通英语。Thegeneralmandedhismentoattackthecity.将军命令部下攻城。mand接that从句作宾语时，从句中的谓语动词应使用虚拟语气(should＋动词原形)，that可以省略，有时接动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。Hemandedtheworkonthebuilding(should)stop.＝Hemandedtostoptheworkonthebuilding.他下令那栋大楼必须停建。5.requestn．&vt.请求；要求attherequestof/byrequest依照请求，应邀inrequest有需要，受欢迎makearequestfor...请求、要求得到……requeststh.fromsb.向某人要求某物requestsb.todosth.请求某人做某事Theperformancewasrepeatedattherequestoftheaudience.应观众要求演员再表演一次。Werequestedsomeinformationfromthem.我们向他们索取一些信息。Theboyrequestedtogoboatingwithhisschoolmates.那男孩要求与同学一道去划船。requestthat...(从句中应使用should型虚拟语气，should可省略)。Theyrequestedthatweshouldnotparkourcarhere.他们要求我们别把汽车停放在这里。6.recognizevt.辨认出；承认；公认recognizesb.by/from...根据……认出某人recognize...as...认定；承认……为……recognizesb./sth....tobe...认为某人/某事物是……berecognizedas被认出是；被公认为Whenhewalkedoutofthestation,Irecognizedhimimmediately.当他从车站里走出来时，我立刻认出了他。Thepolicemanrecognizedherasapickpocket.警察认出她是个小偷。Everyonerecognizedhimtobethelawfulheir/asthelawfulheir.大家都承认他为合法继承人。recognitionn．认识；认出；认可beyondrecognition完全改了模样；面目全非；无法辨认二、重点短语需精通1.becauseof因为；由于Heisabsenttoday,becauseofhisillness.＝Heisabsenttodaybecauseheisill.他今天缺席，因为他病了。becauseof，dueto，owingto以及thanksto的区别四个短语都有“由于、因为”的意思，都是介词短语，后面不可接从句。★becauseof只能作状语★dueto一般作表语★owingto既可作状语，也可以用作表语，平常多用于前一种情况，引导的状语是修饰全句的，因此应用逗号和主句分开。★thanksto只能作状语，可以表达正面意思，“幸亏；由于”，也可用于讽刺口吻中(近于讽刺口吻的“感谢”)。2.eup走近；上来；提出Tomcameuptohimandshowedhimhowtogettothepolicestation.汤姆向他走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。Itiscertainthatthequestionwilleupatthemeeting.这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。Thesnowdropsarejustbeginningtoeup.雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面。eupto达到(标准等)，比得上eupwith提出，提供etrue变成现实，成为现实eacross邂逅eabout发生eat向……扑来，攻击eout出版；开花；结果是edown落下，塌下eover(从远处)来到；横过eintouse开始使用3.makeuseof利用；使用Imakeuseofmysparetimetoreadbooks.我利用空闲时间看书。makegood/full/littleuseof好好/充分/不充分利用makethebestof指对(不利的条件等)充分利用makethemostof指尽量利用有利的条件4.suchas例如……；像这种的Chinahasmanybigcities，suchasBeijing，Shanghai，Shenzhenandsoon.＝ChinahasmanysuchbigcitiesasBeijing，Shanghai,Shenzhenandsoon.中国有许多大城市，比如北京、上海、深圳等等。forexample，suchas和namelyforexample一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中、句末。suchas用来列举同类事物，把其后面的名词连接起来。不可用于句首，后面不跟逗号，不跟句子。namely表示全部列举，可以用thatis替换。③Heknowsthreelanguages,namely__Chinese,EnglishandFrench.④Liquidscanbechangedintosolids,for__example,__watercanbechangedintoice.使用suchas时，后面列举的事物的数量不能等于它前面所提到的总和。5.playapart(in)扮演一个角色；参与Sheplaysanactivepartinlocalpolitics.她积极参与地方政治活动。Sheplayedamajorpartinthesuccessofthescheme.她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。takepart(insth.)参加，参与(某事)thebestpartofsth.(某事物的)绝大部分(尤指一段时间)forthemostpart整体上；通常；多半formypart就我来说三、重点句式能熟用1.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon'tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.以英语为母语的人即使所讲的英语不尽相同，他们也能够互相交流。该句是一个主从复合句，evenif引导的是让步状语从句。Evenifwecouldaffordit,wewouldn'tgoabroadforourvacation.即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。引导让步状语从句的词还有：though,although,eventhough,as,whether...ornot...，whetherornot,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,whosever,whenever,wherever,however等。2.Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.信不信由你，根本就不存在什么标准英语。believeitornot信不信由你Believeitornot,hehasbeentoAmericathisyear.信不信由你，他今年曾去过美国。能用作插入语的不定式短语有：tobefrank，tobehonest，tobesure，totellyouthetruth，tomakemattersworse，tosumup，tostartwith，tobeginwith等。该句中的thereisnosuch...as...意为“没有/不存在诸如……之类的东西”。such可以与某些不定代词连用，放在不定代词的后面。Therearemanysuchbooksonsaleinthebookstore.书店里有很多这样的书在出售。Thereisnosuchbookasyouwant.没有像你所要的这种书。nosuch...as没有这样的……suchas例如such...as...像……这样的……such...that...这样……以至于……四、话题写作多积累训练二：写英文海报Poster海报是学生生活中不可或缺的一种应用文写作形式。英文海报有以下特点：一、内容海报的内容多是电影、球讯、节目预告、演出动态、招聘等等。二、格式单位和日期：与中文海报不同，英文海报的日期应标在右下角。1．标题：居中标在海报的正上方，用简洁、引人注目的语言概括要宣传的主要内容。如WeekendBall，EnglishCorner，VolunteersWanted，FilmNews等。2．正文：海报正文可以根据海报内容灵活掌握。一般来说，可以先在海报的最前面使用一些鼓动性较强的词句来吸引读者的眼球，通常采用排比、反问、设问等修辞手法。接着列出所要宣传的活动内容，主要包括活动的主题、目的、时间、地点、费用等，为了使内容更加鲜明清晰，也可以增设小标题。主体内容可以分段，也可以不分。1.海报的标题必须简洁明了，词数不能太多，而且必须能吸引读者的眼球。2.海报的写作目的就是让读者了解活动的信息，传达信息才是海报最重要的任务，所以文字的修饰要服务于信息，不能玩文字游戏，使读者摸不着头脑。3.海报发布时间不可写在末尾，而是写在右下角。Areyouafanof...?Areyoutiredof...?TheDramaSocietyispreparing...Whynoteandsaygoodbyeto...?Haveyoustartedaninterestin...?Areyouthinkingabout...?eandjoinus...?Doyouknow...?【例1】(1)使用恰当的介词填空①Thepandaisnativeto__westChina.②TheRedIndiansarenativesof__America.(2)用native的适当形式填空①The__natives__lookdowntheirnosesatforeigners.②Theelectionmitteeitselfwasformedwith4womenmemberswhowerenatives.【例2】(1)使用恰当的介词填空①Judgmentshouldbebasedon__facts.②Ourpany'sbaseis__in__Taipei,butwehavebranchesallovertheisland.(2)用base的适当形式填空①Advertisementswhich__are__based__onthesefactshavebeenprintedinnewspapersandmagazinesbuthavenothelpedmuch.②Whatareyou__basing__thistheoryon?③Thereport__based__onfiguresfrom6differentcitiesinEuropeismadeupof6parts.④Thislogtogetherwithananalysisofthepiecewillbethebasesforyourfinalpaper.⑤Weprovide2－persontentsand__basic__cookingandcampingequipment.【例3】从late，later，latter，latest，lately中选择恰当的词填空①Thistoyrobotisthe__latest__crazeallovertheworld.②Ofthesetwomen,theformerisdeadbutthe__latter__isstillalive.③Butsometime__later__itbegantorain,whichmadeusworried.④Itisvery__late__—Ishouldbeinbed.⑤Haveyouweighedyourselflately?【例4】(1)使用恰当的介词填空①Forthefirsttimeinyears,shefeltshewas__in__mandofherlife.②Thearmyis__under/at/by__theking'sdirectmand.③LiuHuanhasagoodmand__of__theFrenchlanguage.(2)用mand的适当形式填空①Ageneralisamanwho__mands__alargenumberofsoldiers.②Theofficer__manded__hissoldierstofire.③Youmustobeythecaptain's__mands__nomatterwhathappens.④Thetroops__were__manded__bythefamousGeneralHaig.【例5】(1)一句多“译”他们曾要求我们把家属也带去。①Theyhadrequestedus__to__bring__our__families__along.②Ourfamilieswouldgoalong__at__the__request__of____them.③Theyhadrequestedthatweshould__bring__our__families__along.request指通过正式的手续提出的要求，语气缓和，态度礼貌。(2)用request的适当形式填空①It__is__requested__thatnooneshouldtouchtheexhibits.②Shemaderepeatedrequests__thatIshouldhelphim.【例6】(1)使用恰当的介词填空①Yourfacewasturnedaway,butIrecognizedyou__by/from__yourhair.②Acidrainisrecognized__as__oneofthemostseriousglobalenvironmentalproblems.表示“认出”的短语还有pickout和makeout。(2)用recognize的适当形式填空①Thereisageneral__recognition__oftheurgentneedforreform.②EventuallyLawrence'snovel__was__recognized__asaworkofagenius.③He__recognized__thathewasnotqualifiedforthepost.【例1】(1)一句多“译”他由于粗心大意，数学考试没及格。①Hefailedhismathsexamination__because__of/owing__to__hiscarelesswork.②Hefailedhismathsexamination__because__heisalwayscarelessinhiswork.becauseof是介词短语，而because是连词，连接句子。(2)使用恰当的介词短语填空①Severalchildrenareawayfromschool__because__of____illness.②Itwas__thanks__to__yourstupiditythatwelostthegame.③__Owing__to__lackoftime,wecan'tdomorethanwhatwehavedone.④Thiserrorislargelydue__tomyoversight.【例2】使用e构成的短语填空①Thehunterwalkedacrosstheforestwhensuddenlyabear__came__at__him.②Themagazine__es__out__onceamonth.③Iwishyoucan__e__over__toEnglandonyourholiday.④Theengineershave__e__up__with__newwaysofsavingenergy.⑤They__came__across__anoldschoolfriendinthestreetthismorning.⑥Wewon'tforgetthedaywhenwewatchedthesun__e__up__ontopoftheTaiMountain.⑦Allthebikesthisfactoryproduces__e__up__to__thestandard.与e一样，其相关短语多数为不及物短语。Mydreamwilletrue.＝Iwillrealizemydream.Mybookwilleoutsoon.＝Iwillpublishmybooksoon.【例3】根据汉语意思完成句子①Make__the__best__of(充分利用)thetimeleft.②Youshouldbeoutside__making__the__most__of__thesunshine(尽量多晒晒太阳).【例4】用forexample，suchas或namely完成句子①Noise，for__example__，isakindofpollution.②Thefarmgrowsvariouskindsofcrops,such__as__wheat,corn,cottonandrice.【例5】用合适的短语完成句子①Howmanycountrieswilltake__part__in(参加)theWorldCup?②__For__my__part__(就我来说),Idon'tmindwhereweeat.③Televisionseemsto__play__a__big__part__in__(起很大作用)alltheirlives.④Hehas__played__an__important__part__in__(起重要作用)carryingthroughthewholeplan.playarole(in)在……中担任角色；在……中起作用。【例1】根据汉语意思完成句子①即使我有时间也不会去。Iwon'tgo__even__if__/__even__though__Ihavetime.②即使我现在离开，我也会迟到。Even__if/Even__though__Ileavenow,I'llbelate.③无论你想买哪本词典，我都愿意付款。Whichever__dictionaryyouwanttobuy,I'llpayforit.④我知道你无论做什么，不管最初多么困难，最终都会成功的。Iknow__whatever__youtry,you'llwininspiteofearlydifficulties.【例2】(1)根据汉语意思完成句子①信不信由你，我们冒雨一直等了两个小时。Believe__it__or__not,__wewereleftwaitingintherainfortwohours.②坦率地说，我不太同意你的意见。To__be__frank,__Idon'tquiteagreewithyou.③跟你说实话，我对这件事情的兴趣不大。To__tell__you__the__truth,__I'mnotsointerestedinthematter.④总而言之，成功是艰苦努力的结果。To__sum__up,__successresultsfromhardwork.(2)根据汉语意思完成句子①在周围地区没有如此现代化的医院。Thereis__no__such__kindofmodernhospitalinthesurroundingareas.②任何这类要求肯定会被拒绝。Any__suchrequestissuretobeturneddown.③这样的人从来没有存在过。No__suchpersoneverexisted.(2018届辽宁大连质检)Sam是英国某高中戏剧社(DramaSociety)的成员，戏剧社在每个周末都会公开演出自导自演的舞台戏剧。因此，戏剧社每周都会出一份海报，介绍本周演出的剧目吸引更多的观众前来观看。以下是本周演出的信息，Sam据此写了一份宣传海报。演出目的：欢送即将毕业的高三年级戏剧社的成员演出剧目：HamletShakespeare类型：悲剧演员：即将毕业的高三年级戏剧社的成员(戏剧社主席Thomas扮演Hamlet)演出时间：7月8日星期六晚上7：30演出地点：学校西门附近的第二剧院票价：免费海报发布时间：7月4日GraduationDramaNightHaveyoujuststartedaninterestinEnglishliterature?AreyouafanofShakespeare?Areyouthinkingaboutwhattodothisweekend?AreyoutiredofallthosesimilarplotsofHollywoodmovies?Ifyes,eandjoinusthisweekend.TheDramaSocietyispreparingawonderfuldramanightforyouthisweekend.It'saspecialnightbecauseitisalsoafarewellpartyforthemembersinGradeThree.Thisistheirlastperformanceinseniorhighschool.Sowhynoteandsaygoodbyetoourbestactorsandactresses?Play:HamletType:TragedyTime:7：30pm,July8,SaturdayPlace:No.2TheatrenearthewestschoolgateActors:MembersfromGradeThree,withthechairmanHamletTicket:FreeTheDramaSocietyJuly4海报的开头采用设问的修辞方法，与读者对话，引起读者的兴趣并吸引他们接着往下阅读。海报的正文部分先用几句话描述本次活动最特殊也是最吸引人的地方，即这是毕业生成员的告别演出，所有演员均为毕业班学生，以活动的特殊性来吸引读者的注意，使得海报主次分明，结构灵活生动，而且信息转达清晰避免了冗长的叙述。考向一在语法填空中设题(2016全国卷Ⅲ)Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich______(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.【答案】gradually考查副词。本空修饰动词短语turnedinto。考向二在短文改错中设题(2017全国卷Ⅰ)Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.________________________________________________________________________【答案】late改为later考查副词。这里表示“几分钟之后”，later意为“以后”。考向三在完形填空中考查与“语言”有关的知识(2017全国卷Ⅰ)Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis__1__processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy__2__atcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手语)．Ineverfeltanurgeto__3__anysignlanguagebefore.Myentirefamilyishearing,andsoareallmyfriends.The__4__languageswereenoughinallmyinteractions(交往).LittledidIknowthatIwoulddiscovermy__5__forASL.The__6__beganduringmyfirstweekatcollege.IwatchedastheASLClub__7__theirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandthevery__8__ofmunicatingwithoutspeaking__9__me.WhatIsawwaspletelyunlikeanythingIhadexperiencedinthe__10__.Thisnewnessjustleftme__11__more.Afterthat,feelingtheneedto__12__further,IdecidedtodropinononeofASLClub'smeetings.Ionlylearnedhowto__13__thealphabetthatday.Yetinsteadofbeingdiscouragedbymy__14__progress,Iwasexcited.Ithenmadeitapointto__15__thosemeetingsandlearnallIcould.Thefollowingterm,I__16__anASLclass.Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalkingwas__17__.Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.__18__，iftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhave__19__ustolearnless.Now,Iappreciatethesilenceandthe__20__wayofmunicationitopens.1.A.searchingB.planningC.naturalD.formal2.A.progressB.experienceC.majorD.opinion3.A.chooseB.readC.learnD.create4.A.officialB.foreignC.bodyD.spoken5.A.loveB.concernC.goalD.request6.A.meetingB.tripC.storyD.task7.A.recordedB.performedC.recitedD.discussed8.A.ideaB.amountC.dreamD.reason9.A.disturbedB.supportedC.embarrassedD.attracted10.A.endB.pastC.courseD.distance11.A.showingB.actingC.sayingD.wanting12.A.exerciseB.exploreC.expressD.explain13.A.printB.writeC.signD.count14.A.slowB.steadyC.normalD.obvious15.A.chairB.sponsorC.attendD.organize16.A.missedB.passedC.gaveupD.registeredfor17.A.prohibitedB.weledC.ignoredD.repeated18.A.LastlyB.ThusC.InsteadD.However19.A.requiredB.causedC.allowedD.expected20.A.easyB.popularC.quickD.new 【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了在大学入学初期逐渐了解并深入学习美式手语的经历，说明了环境对于探求新知识的重要性。1.A根据下文found可知searchingprocess与前文的exploration相吻合。作者亲身经历了这个探索过程后发现这个让自己的大学经历更加美好的东西：美式手语。2.B根据第三段倒数第二句话可知，美式手语改变了作者在大学学习的经历。3.C我以前从未有过学习手语的紧迫感。4.D根据上一句话可知，这里的语言与口语有关，我掌握的口头语言在我的交往中已经足够了。5.A根据最后一段第三句话可知，作者发现自己已经爱上了学习手语。6.C作者在本段介绍了自己喜欢上美式手语得从他大学入学后的第一周说起。7.B根据本句中的translationofasong可知，作者看了俱乐部表演的一首歌的手语翻译。8.A而municatingwithoutspeaking是一种交流理念，是手的移动姿势和不用说话就能交流的理念吸引了我。9.D根据下句的anythingIhadexperienced可知，这是让作者感到全新的一次体验。10.B作者之前从来没有体验过手语，即所看到与我在过去所体验到的完全不同。11.D这种全新的体验让我禁不住想了解更多。wantmore了解更多，掌握更多。12.B根据上一段最后一句话可知，从那之后，我感到有必要学习更多手语的知识，因此我决定参加美式手语俱乐部的会议。13.C因为是手语，即通过手势表达语意，结合第二段第一句可知，那一天我只学习了如何用手比画字母。14.A根据discouraged可知，作者学习的速度并不快，但是，作者没有因为自己进步慢而感到气馁，相反，作者感到非常兴奋。15.C根据本段第一句话可知，然后作者决定努力去参加美式手语俱乐部的活动，尽可能多的学习手语技能。makeitapoint意为“把……作为努力的目标”。16.D选修某一门课程需要登记注册，到了第二学期，我注册了美式手语课程班。17.A根据deaf可知，教授耳聋，讲话是被禁止的。18.C与之相反的是，如果交流中有讲话的参与，这势必让我们少学习一些技能。19.B手语交流比语言交流复杂，如果通过语言交流，就用不着学习复杂的手语了。20.D根据Thisnewnessjustleftme________more可知，作者认为手语交流是一种全新的交流方式，如今，我由衷地欣赏寂静无声及由此带来的新的交流方式了。计策1：所给提示词是形容词时，判断句中所缺成分计策2：熟记副词修饰动词，副词，形容词或者引起一个句子计策1：了解late，later，lately，latter和latest的区别计策2：了解later的用法1.完形填空中以第一人称讲述自己学习某一语言的经历，以自己的心理变化为主线，将在学习这一语言中遇到的“疑惑”、“障碍”和“恍然大悟”贯穿起来，所以既要注意事件发展的顺序，也要注意作者的心理变化。2．平时多关注与世界各地的“语言”有关的语篇，包括主流语言的种类和历史，以及现在面临的问题。3．平时多关注在跨文化交往中因为语言运用不当或对文化习俗的无知造成的交际障碍。4．完形填空的文章实际上是由两部分信息构成：一是已知信息，就是“此”，二是未知信息，就是“彼”。做完形就是一个从已知信息中找出未知信息的过程。解出一个具体完形填空的关键是要找出与这个空相关联的所有已知信息。很多同学就会盯着这个空前后去找已知信息，目光短浅，所以有几道题目总是很难选对，因为仅在空前后很难找到我们做题所需要的已知信息。这些已知信息不仅可以分布在空前后，而且可以分布在各段落中，也可以分布在整篇文章中。一、词汇拓展actually侧重于实际的事，而不是凭空想象或推测的事。1.officialadj.官方的；正式的；公务的→officially__adv.官方地；正式地2.actualadj.实际的；现行的；真实的→actually__adv.实际上；事实上3.basevt.以……为根据n．基部；基地；基础→basic__adj.基本的4.gradualadj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually__adv.逐渐地；逐步地5.spellvt.拼写→spelling__n．拼写；拼法6.fluentadj.流利的；流畅的→fluently__adv.流利地；流畅地→fluency__n.流利；雄辩7.frequentadj.频繁的；常见的→frequently__adv.常常；频繁地→frequency__n．频率；发生次数；周率8.usen．使用，利用，用途，效用→usage__n．使用；用法；词语惯用法9.mandn．&vt.命令；指令；掌握→mander__n.司令官；指挥官10.expressn.快车v.表达→expression__n．词语；表示；表达11.eastn.东方adj.东的→eastern__adj.东方的；东部的12.recognizevt.辨认出；承认；公认→recognized__adj.公认的→recognitionn．认出，识别；承认13.lightn.光adj.明亮的v.点；照亮；点燃→__lightning__n．闪电14.blockn．街区；块；木块；石块→__blocked__adj.被封锁的；堵塞的二、单句语法填空1.Onlyhigh__officials__(official)hadaccesstothepresident.2.However,botharefilltools,andbothare__frequently__(frequent)used.3.ThisisabookonmodernEnglish__usage__(use)．4.Thesoldierswere__manded__(mand)toattackthecityduringthenight.5.Visitors__are__requested__(request)nottotouchtheexhibits.6.Hehadapassive__expression__(express)onhisface,whichmadeherangrier.7.Helookedattheenvelopeand__recognized__(recognize)Jenny'shandwritingimmediately.8.Theaimofthisbookistoteachanewlearner__basic__(base)English.9.Asamatteroffact，thereisnosuchperson__as__youmentionedjustnow.10.Asisknowntoall，theAfricanelephantisnative__to__Africa.11.Iwillgivehimapresentasan__expression__(express)ofgratitude.12.Astheweather__gradually__(gradual)beeswarmerandwarmer，hewillpickupsoon.13.Whenwesawtheroad__blocked__(block)withsnow，wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.14.You'llbeabletochoosearoom__based__(base)onyourownpersonaltastes.15.Ofthetwothe__latter__isbetterthantheformer.三、用短语的适当形式填空bedifferentfrom，bebasedon，becauseof，morethanone，believeitornot，playanimportantpartin，makethemostof，eupwith,benativeto，municatewith2.__Believe__it__or__not,__allthepeoplepresenthaveagreedtotheplan.3.She__played__an__important__part__inwinningthematch.4.Jack__es__up__with__anabsolutelygreatidea.5.Citylife__is__different__from__countrylife.6.Asweallknow,banana__is__native__to__Taiwan.7.__More__than__one__answeristoyourquestion.8.WithInternet,hecan__municate__with__HongKongandBeijingdirectly.9.Teachingisanart__based__on__ascience.10.Youshouldbeoutside__making__the__most__thesunshine.四、语法(直接引语和间接引语)1．“Putyourcoatinthecloset，”thelandlordsaidtohim.The__landlord__asked__him__to__put__his__coat__in__the__closet．2．Thefathersaidtohischildren，“Don'tmove！”The__father__told__his__children__not__to__move.3．Hesaid，“Geteverythingreadybefore8：00.”He__told__us__to__get__everything__ready__before__8：00．4．Theoldmansaid，“ehereagainnextweek.”The__old__man__asked__us__to__go__there__again__the__next__week.5．“Let'sselltheoldcarandbuyanewone，”saidPeter.Peter__suggested__selling__the__old__car__and__buying__a__new__one.6．“Don'tmakesomuchnoise，children.”shesaid.She__told__the__children__not__to__make__so__much__noise.五、单句改错1.Basingonatruestory,thenovelisverymoving.Basing改为Based__________________________________________________________________________2．Thegeneralmandedthatthesoldierswouldsetoffrightnow.would改为should__________________________________________________________________________3．Theopenaircelebrationhasbeenputoffbecausetheheavyrain.because后加of__________________________________________________________________________4．Anotherplancameupwithatthemeetingheldtheotherday.去掉with__________________________________________________________________________5．Yoursparetimeshouldbemadefulluseoftodoingsomeusefulthings.doing__改为do__________________________________________________________________________6．MorethanonepersonhaveagoodmandofEnglishintheresearchunit.have改为has__________________________________________________________________________7．ThefilmisbasedonthenovelwrittenbyGuoJingmingispopularamongtheyouth.去掉film后的is或film后加that/which_______________________________________________________________8．Sorry，Idon'trecognizeyouatfirst，forithasbeenalongtimesincewelastmet.don't改为didn't__________________________________________________________________________9．Theybegantothinkaboutthatwhatusec