2021-2022学年辽宁省葫芦岛市高一上学期期中考试英语试卷解析版

2021-2022学年辽宁省葫芦岛市高一上学期期中考试英语试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）ATourstoItalyForcenturies,Italyhasdrawnvisitorsinsearchofcultureandromance,withfewcountriescomparingwithitsclassicalorigins,itsart,architecture,music,design,scenery,foodandwine.HereareseveralchoicesforyoutotourItaly.RomeRomeisoneoftheworld’smostexcitingcitieswithprobablymoretoseeherethaninanyothercapitalonearth.Witharecordedhistoryforover2,500years,nowhereelseseemstohavemanagedtocombineaheritageofclassicalantiquitiesandmedieval(中世纪的)buildingsfromRenaissancepalacestoBaroquepiazzas.•Fournightsincentrallylocatedfour-staraccommodation•SelecteddeparturesfromApriltoNovemberVenice&VeronaMark’sSquareandBasilica,theDoge’sPalaceandtheGrandCanalhavesimplybeentellingthetruththatVeniceisanattractivecity.VeronaiswellknownasthesettingforthelegendarystoryofRomeoandJuliet.InfactithasmoreancientremainsthananycityinItalyexceptRome.•FulldaytourstobothVeniceandVerona•SelecteddeparturesfromApriltoOctoberLakeThiswonderfulwintertimebreakincludesavisittobeautifulComoTown.JourneyonthescenicBerninaExpressRailwaytofamousStMoritz,andexplore•EnjoythemagicofItaly’sromanticlake•DiscoverlakesideComo•Fivenightsaccommodationatathree-starhotelLakeGardaLakeGarda,Italy’slargestlake,hasattractedVisitorsonholidaystoItalyforoveracenturywithitsimpressivescenery—clearbluewater.•Exploreitscolourfulandhistoriclakesidetowns•Sevennights’accommodationincarefullychosenhotels•SelecteddeparturesfromMaytoSeptember1.WhatcanweknowaboutRome?A.Ithasaverylonghistory.B.IthasfewinterestingplacesC.Itisthemostexcitingcityintheworld.D.Itsmostfamoustouristattractionisbaroquepiazzas.2.Whichcitiesshouldyouvisitifyouareinterestedinancientremains!A.RomeandVenice. B.VeronaandRomeC.RomeandComoTown D.VeniceandVerona.3.Whichtourwillyouchooseifyouliketravellingincoldweather?A.Rome. B.Venice&Verona.C.LakeComo&AlpineRailways. D.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是去意大利可选择的旅游路线。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Rome部分“Witharecordedhistoryforover2,500years,nowhereelseseemstohavemanagedtocombineaheritageofclassicalantiquitiesandmedieval(中世纪的)buildingsfromRenaissancepalacestoBaroquepiazzas.（从文艺复兴时期的宫殿到巴洛克式的广场，这座有着2500多年历史的古城似乎没有其他地方能够将古典文物和中世纪建筑结合在一起。）”可知，罗马有很长的历史。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Rome部分的“nowhereelseseemstohavemanagedtocombineaheritageofclassicalantiquitiesandmedieval(中世纪的)buildingsfromRenaissancepalacestoBaroquepiazzas（从文艺复兴时期的宫殿到巴洛克式的广场，似乎没有其他地方能够将古典文物和中世纪建筑的遗产结合起来）”和Venice&Verona部分的“VeronaiswellknownasthesettingforthelegendarystoryofRomeoandJuliet.InfactithasmoreancientremainsthananycityinItalyexceptRome.（维罗纳是著名的罗密欧与朱丽叶的故事背景。事实上，除了罗马，它的古代遗迹比意大利任何城市都多。）”可知，如果你对古代遗迹感兴趣，你应该去Verona和Rome两个城市，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据LakeComo&AlpineRailways部分的“ThiswonderfulwintertimebreakincludesavisittobeautifulComoTown.（这个美妙的冬日假期包括参观美丽的科莫镇。）”可知，如果你喜欢在寒冷的天气里旅行，你会选择LakeComo&AlpineRailways这条旅游线路，故选C。BMarkElliotZuckerbergisfamousforhavingdevelopedFacebook,themostwidelyusedsocialnetworkingwebsite.HewasbornonMay14,1984.Hisfatherisadentist,whilehismotherworksasdoctor.TheboygrewupinDobbsFerry,andheisoneofthefourchildreninhisfamily.HeattendedtheArdsleyHighSchool,NewYork.Thenhetransferred(转学)toPhillipsExeterAcademyinNewHampshire,inhisjunioryear.Heshowedflairformathematics,physics,Englishclassicalliteratureandforeignlanguages,andearnedseveralprizesinscienceandclassicalstudies.Hewasalsocaptainofafencing(击剑))teamathisschool.HisfathertaughthimAtariBASICProgramminginthe1990s.HewaslatertaughtbyDavidNewman,asoftwaredeveloper.ThetalentedboywasinhighschoolwhenheattendedMercyWhilestillastudentatHarvardUniversityhelaunchedhiswebsiteFacebook,alongwithcollegematesChrisHughes,EduardoSaverin,AndrewMcCollum,andDustinMoskovitz.Thoughhewasfirstlyaccusedbysomeseniorstudents,ofhavingstolentheiridea,hissite’spopularitywasnotaffected.Faccbooksawasteadyriseinthenumberofactiveuserspermonth.ThewebsitestartedoutasanetworkingplatformonlyforHarvardIn2007Markbecametheworld’syoungestself-madebillionaire.HiswebsitehasmadehimsopopularthatthefilmTheSocialNetwork,starringJesseEisenberg,wasmadebasedonabook,TheAccidentalBillionaires,whichdocumentedMark’slife.4.WhatcanweknowaboutMark’sfamilyfromthetext?A.HisparentsdidalotforFacebook.B.Hisparentslovechildrenverymuch.C.Hisparents’jobsarerelatedtomedicalscience.D.Hisparentslikeusingsocialnetworkingwebsite.5.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“flair”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Talent. B.Dislike.C.Surprise. D.Courage.6.What’stheuseofMark’sZuckNet?A.MakingMarkenterMercyB.HelpingDavidNewmanteachhimprogramming.C.HelpinghimlearnAtariBASICProgrammingbetter.D.Connectingcomputersinhisfather’sofficeandathome.7.WhatwasMarkaccusedofafterhesetupFacebook?A.Turningtocollegemates. B.Attractingmanyactiveuser.C.Copyingotherstudents’idea D.Affectingothersite’spopularity.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国社交网站脸谱网创始人MarkElliotZuckerberg。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Hisfatherisadentist,whilehismotherworksasdoctor.(他的父亲是牙医，而他的母亲是医生)”可知，马克父母的工作与医学有关。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“earnedseveralprizesinscienceandclassicalstudies.(在科学和古典研究方面获得了几个奖项)”可知，马克非常优秀，很有天赋。由此推知，划线词flair意为“天才，天赋”。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Duringthistime,hecreatedthesoftwarecalledZuckNettobuildupcommunicationnetworkbetweenthecomputersinhisfather’sofficeandthoseathome.(在此期间，他创建了名为ZuckNet的软件，在他父亲办公室的电脑和家里的电脑之间建立通信网络)”可知，马克的ZuckNet的用途是连接他父亲办公室和家里的电脑。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thoughhewasfirstlyaccusedbysomeseniorstudents,ofhavingstolentheiridea,hissite’spopularitywasnotaffected.(虽然他最初被一些高年级学生指控窃取了他们的想法，但他的网站的人气并没有受到影响)”可知，马克在创建Facebook后被指控抄袭其他学生的想法。故选C。CTreesinthecitiesarebeingrobbedofsleepbystreetlights,accordingtoafamousGermanscientist.PeterWohlleben,authorofTheHiddenLifeofTreessaidthat,likehumans,“theyalsohavetosleepatnight”Mr.Wohllebencomparestreesinurbanareastoorphanswhohavetogrowwithouttheirnetworksupport,claimingthatlightpollutionmakescitylifeevenharder.Mr.Wonlebenhasstudiedtreesandbelievestheyraisetheirchildren,sweat,feelpainandcommunicatewitheachother.“Treesthatlivenearstreetlightswilldieearlierbecauseit’slikeburningalightinyourbedroom,”hesaid.“Ifyouhaveanyinfluenceonstreetlights,it’salsobetterforenergysavingthattheyareswitchedoffat1o’clockorso.”Hedevelopedtheterm“wood-wideweb”explainhowtreescommunicateandsupportoneanother.Mr.Wohllebensaidrootshadahardtimeunderpavementsthatwerewarmeratnightwhenforestscooleddown.Researchersfoundartificiallightchangedtheannualrhythmofblossomandmighthavesignificanteffectsontheirhealth,survivalandreproduction.Plantshavegrownwellunder24-hourcyclesoflightanddarknessandthespreadofartificiallightingdisrupts(扰乱)thesecycles.Lightgivesplantsinformationaboutwhattimeofdayitisortheseasontocarryout,orwhethertheyshouldbephotosynthesizing(光合作用).Ifit’slightallthetimetheydonotknowwhentocarryoutsuchactivities.Insomecasesthelightissobrightthatitaffectstheirgrowth.Mr.Wohllebenalsosaidthattreesshedtheirleavesintheautumnbecausesnowfallingonleaveswouldcausethebranchestobreak,causingthemphysicalpain.Thewell-knownauthorlooksafterforestonbehalfofthecommunityinHümmel,8.WhydoesMr.Wohllebencomparetreesinurbanareastoorphans?A.Theydonothaveenoughfood.B.Theyaren’tabletoraisechildren.C.Theycan’tsweatorevenfeelpain.D.Theyaren’tsupportedbyothertrees.9.Whatshouldpeopledotoprotecttheurbantrees?A.TurnoffStreetlightsatmidnight.B.Knowhowtreescommunicate.C.Burnlightsintheirbedrooms.D.Cutofftherootsunderpavement.10.Howdoesthelightharmtrees?A.ItbreaksthecycleoftreesB.IthelpsthephotosynthesisC.IttellstruththeprocessesD.Itcopiestheinformationofplants.11.WhatdidMr.WohllebendoinHümmel?A.Hekepttheleavesfromfalling.B.Hestoppedpeopleusingmachinethere.C.Hemadethelightsverybright.D.Hemadethebranchesbreakeasily.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是城市光污染对城市里的树的不好的影响。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Mr.Wohllebencomparestreesinurbanareastoorphanswhohavetogrowwithouttheirnetworksupport,claimingthatlightpollutionmakescitylifeevenharder.（沃莱本把城市里的树木比作在没有网络支持的情况下成长的孤儿，称光污染让城市生活更加艰难。）”可知，沃莱本先生把城市里的树木比作孤儿是因为它们没有别的树支撑。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的““Treesthatlivenearstreetlightswilldieearlierbecauseit’slikeburningalightinyourbedroom,”hesaid.“Ifyouhaveanyinfluenceonstreetlights,it’salsobetterforenergysavingthattheyareswitchedoffat1o’clockorso.”（“住在路灯附近的树会死得更早，因为这就像在你的卧室里点一盏灯，”他说。“如果你对路灯有影响的话，那么在1点左右关掉路灯对节能也有好处。”）”可知，人们应该通过午夜关掉路灯来保护城市里的树木，故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Plantshavegrownwellunder24-hourcyclesoflightanddarknessandthespreadofartificiallightingdisruptsthesecycles.（植物在24小时的光与暗周期下生长良好，而人工照明的普及破坏了这些周期。）”可知，光线是通过打破了树木的生长周期来伤害树的，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thewell-knownauthorlooksafterforestonbehalfofthecommunityinHümmel,Germany,wheremachineryisbannedandthetreesareleftalone（这位著名的作者代表德国Hümmel社区保护森林，那里禁止使用机械，树木被单独保留）”可知，沃莱本先生在Hümmel做的事情是阻止人们在那里使用机器。故选B。DHasyourmomordadeverpostedaphotoofyouonsocialmediathatyoudon’twantanyoneoutsideyourfamilytosee?InanagewhenpeopleregularlysharepersonalinformationonwebsitessuchasFacebook,TwitterandInstagram,manyparentspostphotosoftheirchildrenonaregularbasis.Onaverage,aparentwillpostalmost1,000photosofachildonlinebeforethechildrenturns5,accordingtoasurvey.Parentsoftenpostphotosonsocialmediabecausetheywanttosharetheirchildren’smilestonesandspecialmomentswithfriendsandfamily.Somemomsanddadsdoitasawaytoconnectwithotherparents.Theymaybeseekinghealthtipsorotherparentingadvice.Mostparentsdon’tasktheirchildrenforpermissionbeforepostingphotosofthem.Theyfeelitisnotnecessarytoconsultthechildrenfirstbecausethebenefitsoutweigh(比……更重要)anypossiblerisks.Otherparentsandchildexpertsbelievethatchildrenolderthanage6shouldbeconsulted.Theysaythatthephotoscanstayonlineformanyyearsandthatchildrenshouldhavesomecontrolovertheironlinepresence.DevorahHeitnerisanauthorwhorunsworkshopsaboutchildrenanddigitalworld.Shebelievesthatparentsshouldgettheirchildren’sconsentbeforepostingtheirphotos.“Itteachesyourchildthathisorherimageishisorherown.”shesaid.“Ithelpstheirchildrecognizethatsharingisachoiceandthatsomethingsareprivate.”Whatdoyouthink?Shouldparentsgettheirchildren’spermissionbeforepostingphotos?12.Whatisthelikelyreasonthatparentsputtheirchildren’sphotosonline?A.Turntoothersforadviceonhealth.B.Tocommunicatewiththeirchildren.C.Toshowofftheirchildren’sprettylooks.D.Tosharetheirchildren’slearningproblems.13.Whatdoestheunderlinewordconsentinparagraph3mean?A.Moment. B.Permission.C.Advice. D.Information.14.WhatdoesDevorahHeitneragreewithaboutchildren’simages?A.Childrenhavenorighttoposttheirdigitalphotos.B.Itsparents’choicewhethertopostponechildren’sdigitalphotosC.Parentsshouldteachtheirchildrenthatimagesaretheirprivacy.D.Parentsshouldpostchildren’sdigitalphotoswithouthesitation.15.Whatisthetopicofthetext?A.Whetherpostingchildren’sphotoonlineisgoodforthem.B.Thebenefitsofpostingchildren’sphotosonline.C.Whyparentsliketoposttheirchildren’sphotosonline.D.Whetherparentsshouldgetchildren’spermissionbeforepostingtheirphotos.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了父母在社交媒体上发孩子照片是否需要得到许可。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Parentsoftenpostphotosonsocialmediabecausetheywanttosharetheirchildren’smilestonesandspecialmomentswithfriendsandfamily.(父母经常在社交媒体上发布照片，因为他们想与朋友和家人分享孩子的里程碑和特殊时刻)”可推知，父母把孩子的照片放到网上，可能是为了分享孩子的学习问题。故选D。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Mostparentsdon’tasktheirchildrenforpermissionbeforepostingphotosofthem.(大多数父母在上传孩子的照片之前不会征求孩子的同意)”可推知，划线词所在句子意为“她认为，父母在上传照片之前应该征得孩子的同意。”由此推知吗，划线词consent意为“同意”。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Shebelievesthatparentsshouldgettheirchildren’sconsentbeforepostingtheirphotos.“Itteachesyourchildthathisorherimageishisorherown.”shesaid.“Ithelpstheirchildrecognizethatsharingisachoiceandthatsomethingsareprivate.”(她认为，父母在上传照片之前应该征得孩子的同意。“它告诉你的孩子，他或她的形象是他或她自己的。”她说。“这有助于他们的孩子认识到分享是一种选择，有些东西是隐私。”)”可推知，她认为父母应该教育他们的孩子，照片是他们的隐私。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句“Whatdoyouthink?Shouldparentsgettheirchildren’spermissionbeforepostingphotos?(你怎么看？在上传照片之前，父母应该得到孩子的允许吗？)”可知，文章主要讨论了父母上传照片之前是否应该征得孩子的同意。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyoustepintoanewenvironment，youmusthaveastrongwishtofitin．Fittinginmeansmakingmorefriends，havingmoreinfluenceonothersandgettingmorechancestoliveahappierlife．____16____Beconfident．Confidenceattractsmostpeople．Everyoneisspecialandthereisonlyonepersonlikeyouinthisworld．Spendsometimethinkingaboutyourstrongpoints．____17____Youwon’thavemuchdifficultyfittingin．Bekindtoeveryone．Kindnessisthebridgetoyourownhappiness．Whenpeoplenoticeyourkindness，theywillreturnitoneday．Alwaysgivemorethanyoureceive，andthinkmoreofothersthanofyourself．____18________19____Variousactivitieslikeplayingfootballcanhelpyoutobeknowntoothers．Youmayaddmorefriendstoyourcircle．Atthesametime，you’llbeamazedtoseehowmuchtheylikeyou．Insteadofwastingtimebeingalone，goouttodanceandsingtogetherwithotherstodevelopfriendship．Dosmiletoeveryoneeveryday．Itmakesbothyouandothersfeelhappy．____20____Humorcatchesothers’attentionaswell．Peoplewilllikeyoubecauseyoumakethemlivehappily．Ifyoufollowthesuggestionsmentionedabove，youwillbeacceptedbypeoplearoundyou．Asaresult，youwillfitinverywellandenjoyyournewlife．A.Beactiveingroupactivities．B.However，everybodyneedsfriends．C.Herearesomesuggestionsthatcanhelpyou．D.Apleasantsmilecoststheleastanddoesthemost．E.Apersonwhocaresaboutothersispopulareverywhere．F.Evenso，itoftenleavesonetowonderifwefitinwell．G.Ifso，youwillbeabletobuildupconfidencestepbystep．【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.A20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了进入新环境之后如何快速适应的几条建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Whenyoustepintoanewenvironment，youmusthaveastrongwishtofitin.(当你踏入一个新的环境，你必须有一个强烈的愿望融入其中)”可知，前面讲述了适应新环境的重要性；根据下文每段话的主题句“Beconfident.(要自信)”，“Bekindtoeveryone.(善待每一个人)”，以及“Dosmiletoeveryoneeveryday.(每天对每个人微笑)”可知，下文将会说明如何适应新的环境，且设空处用于引起下文；选项C意为“这里有一些建议可以帮助你”符合此处语境。故选C。【17题详解】根据段首的主题句“Beconfident.(要自信)”可知，本段中心词是“自信”；选项G“Ifso，youwillbeabletobuildupconfidencestepbystep(如果是这样，你就能一步步建立起自信心)”中，“so”指代上文的“Spendsometimethinkingaboutyourstrongpoints.(花点时间想想你的优点)”，“confidence”与本段中心词一致。故选G。【18题详解】根据段首的主题句“Bekindtoeveryone.(善待每一个人)”可知，本段中心词是“与人为善”；选项E“Apersonwhocaresaboutothersispopulareverywhere.(关心别人的人在任何地方都很受欢迎)”中的“caresaboutothers”与本段中心词一致。故选E。【19题详解】根据下文“Variousactivitieslikeplayingfootballcanhelpyoutobeknowntoothers．Youmayaddmorefriendstoyourcircle．(像踢足球这样的各种活动可以帮助你被别人所认识。你可以在你的圈子里增加更多的朋友)”可知，本段的中心思想是积极参加活动来结交朋友；设空处位于本段的主题句位置，应该与此相关；选项A“Beactiveingroupactivities.(积极参加团体活动)，句意符合此处语境，且句子结构与第二、第三段的主题句结构一致。故选A。【20题详解】根据段首的主题句“Dosmiletoeveryoneeveryday.(每天对每个人微笑)”可知，本段的中心词是“微笑”；选项D“Apleasantsmilecoststheleastanddoesthemost．(一个愉快的微笑花费最少，效果最好)”中的“smile”与本段中心词一致。故选D。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OneyearafterTomwasborn,hisparentshadacaraccident.Theynever___21___.Tom’s85-year-oldgrandmotherwastoo___22___totakecareofhim.Asaresulthewasputupforadoption.Hewasadoptedbyamiddle-agecouplewhohadno___23___oftheirown.Theywerenotrichandreceivedlittleeducation,buttheywere___24___people.AsTomwasgrowingup,he___25___alotofproblemsatschool.hedidn’tlearnquicklyandhadtroublewithreading.His___26___sometimeslaughathim.WhattheysaidmadeTome___27___.Ashecouldn’tcatchupwiththeotherstudentsatschool,hedroppedoutofschoolandcamebackhome.Buthedidn’tstoplearning.Hehadabigdream.Thoughhedidn’tlearnfast,hekept___28___himselfathome.Aftermanyyearsoflearningathome,he___29___overcamehisdifficulties.Todayhe’saverysuccessfulspeakerandauthor.Whilehewasgrowingup,helacked___30___becauseofothers’makingfunofhim.Ittookhimmany___31___torealizehisdreams.Whenlisteningtohisvideosandtapes,heshowsconfidence.Hetellsabouthis___32___andhowheovercamethechallengesinhislife.Hehasavery___33___sentence:“Youcannotexpecttoachievenewgoalsormovebeyondyourpresentsituationsunlessyouchange.”Forthosewhohavelowself-confidence,Isuggestedyou___34___ReadingaboutTom’sworld.Manypeoplehavesomuchpotential(潜力)tobediscovered.Ifyouhaveadream,thenstarttodayto___35___yourselftowardsit.IfsomeonelikeTomwhohasdifficultyinreadingcanmakesuchachievements,whycan’tyousucceed?21.A.returned B.called C.imagined D.planned22.A.busy B.old C.poor D.mean23.A.friends B.kids C.students D.parents24.A.brave B.strange C.confident D.kind-hearted25.A.explored B.brought C.faced D.solved26.A.sisters B.classmates C.brothers D.teachers27.A.sad B.bored C.tired D.confused28.A.proving B.cheering C.entertaining D.teaching29.A.strangely B.immediately C.finally D.luckily30.A.confidence B.mood C.grade D.talent31.A.hours B.days C.months D.years32.A.family B.habit C.story D.hobby33.A.long B.encouraging C.simple D.interesting34.A.avoid B.finish C.start D.enjoy35.A.cheat B.discover C.gain D.move【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.A31.D32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是汤姆从小被人收养，在学校读书时阅读有困难，但是他没有放弃，在家学习多年后他终于克服了困难，如今，他是一位非常成功的演说家和作家。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们再也没有回来。A.returned回来；B.called打电话；C.imagined想象；D.planned计划。由后文的“hewasputupforadoption”可知，后来他被收养，因此他的父母在车祸中去世了，也就是没有“回来”，故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汤姆85岁祖母太老了，不能照顾他。A.busy忙的；B.old老的；C.poor穷的；D.mean吝啬的。由上文的“Tom’s85-year-oldgrandmother”可知，他奶奶85岁了，因此是太老了，故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被一对没有孩子的中年夫妇收养。A.friends朋友；B.kids孩子；C.students学生；D.parents父母。由上文的“Hewasadoptedbyamiddle-agecouple”可知，他被这对夫妇收养，应该是因为这对夫妇没有自己的小孩，故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们并不富裕，也没有受过多少教育，但他们都是心地善良的人。A.brave勇敢的；B.strange奇怪的；C.confident自信的；D.kind-hearted心地善良的。由“Theywerenotrichandreceivedlittleeducation,but”可知，句子表示“他们并不富裕，也没有受过多少教育，但他们都是心地善良的人”，故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着汤姆的成长，他在学校面临着许多问题。A.explored探索；B.brought带来；C.faced面对；D.solved解决。由后文的“alotofproblems”可知，他是面对很多问题，故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的同学有时嘲笑他。A.sisters姐妹；B.classmates同学；C.brothers兄弟；D.teachers老师。由上文的“atschool”可知，是学校的同学嘲笑他，故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们说的话让汤姆很伤心。A.sad伤心的；B.bored无聊的；C.tired累的；D.confused困惑的。由上文的“laughathim”可知，同学嘲笑他，因此他觉得伤心，故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他学得不快，但他一直在家自学。A.proving证明；B.cheering欢呼；C.entertaining娱乐；D.teaching教。由上文的“hedidn’tstoplearning”可知，他没有停止学习，因此他一直在家自学，因此空格处是“教”，故选D。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在家学习多年后，他终于克服了困难。A.strangely奇怪的是；B.immediately立刻；C.finally最后；D.luckily幸运地。由“overcamehisdifficulties”可知，他是最后终于克服了困难，故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他成长的过程中，他缺乏自信，因为别人取笑他。A.confidence自信；B.mood情绪；C.grade年级；D.talent才能。由后文的“becauseofothers’makingfunofhim”可知，因为别人取笑他，所以他缺乏自信，故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他花了很多年才实现他的梦想。A.hours小时；B.days天；C.months月；D.years年。由上文的“Aftermanyyearsoflearning”可知，他花了很多年才实现他的梦想，故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他讲述了他的故事，以及他如何克服生活中的挑战。A.family家庭；B.habit习惯；C.story故事；D.hobby爱好。由后文的“andhowheovercamethechallengesinhislife”可知，他讲述了他的故事，以及他如何克服生活中的挑战，故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他有一句非常鼓舞人心的话:“除非你改变，否则你不能期望实现新的目标或超越你的现状。”A.long长的；B.encouraging鼓舞人心的；C.simple简单的；D.interesting有趣的。由后文的“Youcannotexpecttoachievenewgoalsormovebeyondyourpresentsituationsunlessyouchange”可知，“除非你改变，否则你不能期望实现新的目标或超越你的现状”是一句鼓舞人心的话，故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些缺乏自信的人，我建议你们开始阅读汤姆的世界。A.avoid避免；B.finish完成；C.start开始；D.enjoy喜欢。由“readingaboutTom’sworld”可知，作者是意思是建议你们开始阅读汤姆的世界，故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你有梦想，那么从今天开始向它进发。A.cheat欺骗；B.discover发现；C.gain得到；D.move移动、前进。由后文的“towardsit”可知，是向梦想进发，也就是“前进”，故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyonehasachildhood.Andchildhood____36____(experience)areoftenveryfunny.Childrenoftenmakeuslaugh.It’s____37____(real)truethatchildrenbrightenupahome.Theyneverturnoffthelights.Ioftenrecallmychildhood,theyearswhenmanyinterestingthings____38____(happen).WhenIwasatwo-year-oldchild,bothmyparentswerealwaysverybusywiththeirwork.Mymotherworked____39____asalesmanagerinacompanywhilemyfatherwasin____40____army.SoIlivewithmygrandmainavillage.Iwasalwayswaitingformyparents____41____(see)meathome.Oncemyfathersentusaphotoofhisinasoldier'suniform,____42____waspostedonthetableremindingmeofhim.Oncemymothercametoseemeandwewent____43____(shop)together.Onthewaywesawagroupofsoldiers.AndwhenIsawthem,Ibecamevery____44____(excite).Isaidinaringingvoicepointingto____45____(they),“Thisismyfather,andthisismyfather,andthatismyfather,too!”Mymothersaidshewouldrememberthatmomentallherlife.【答案】36.experiences37.really38.happened39.as40.the41.tosee42.which43.shopping44.excited45.them【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的童年生活。小时候，作者的爸爸当兵，妈妈是公司的销售经理，父母总是很忙，作者只看到过照片上的爸爸，一次，作者和妈妈买东西时遇见了一群士兵，作者说这些都是他的爸爸。这次经历作者和妈妈都很难忘。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：并且童年经历经常是很有趣的。根据句意，空处应用experience表示“经历”，是可数名词，空处表示泛指，应用可数名词的复数形式。故填experiences。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：确实，孩子们会让家庭充满活力。分析句子结构，空处应用副词形式修饰形容词true。故填really。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：我经常回忆起那些发生过很多趣事的童年。根据句意，happen这一动作发生在我的童年时期，动作发生在过去，空处应用一般过去时。故填happened。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：我妈妈在一家公司当销售经理，而我爸爸在军队当兵。根据句意，我的妈妈在公司当销售经理，空处应用介词as表示“作为”。故填as。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：我妈妈在一家公司当销售经理，而我爸爸在军队当兵。分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，空处应用定冠词the表示特指，inthearmy表示“在军队中”。故填the。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我总是在家等着父母来看我。分析句子结构，waswaiting是谓语动词，空处应填非谓语动词形式，waitforsb.todosth.表示“等待某人做某事”，故空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填tosee。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一次爸爸给我们寄了张他穿军装的照片，我就把它放在桌上来时刻想起他。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词aphoto，在定语从句中作主语，前边有逗号隔开，为非限制性定语从句，只能用which。故填which。【43题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：有一次妈妈来看我，我们一起去购物。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，空处应填shopping，构成固定搭配goshopping表示“去购物”。故填shopping。44题详解】考查形容词。句意：看到他们的时候，我变得非常兴奋。分析句子结构，空处应用形容词excited作表语，表示“兴奋的”。故填excited。【45题详解】考查代词。句意：我大声地指着他们说，这是我的爸爸，这是我的爸爸，这也是我的爸爸。分析语境可知，空处指代前面提及的agroupofsoldiers，应用人称代词的宾格形式作介词to的宾语。故填them。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40）第一节书面表达（满分15分）46.假如你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的外国中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：1.口语能力；2.相关经验；3.应聘目的。注意：1.字数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSir/Madam,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearSir/Madam,Onseeingyournotice,I’mmorethanexcitedtoapplyfortheposition,whichIfoundquiteappealingtome.OwingtostudyingintheEnglishdepartment,IcantalkinEnglishfluently.Sothere’snoproblemformetocommunicatewithforeigners.Inaddition,Ihaveeverservedasareceptionistinourschool’s30thanniversarycelebration,makingmyselfmorecompetitiveandqualifiedforthisposition.Inordertopracticemyspeakingskillsandgainmoreexperience,I’meagertobetakenonforthisjob.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如考生是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的外国中学生。请你写信应聘。【详解】1.词汇积累很，非常：extremely→morethan获得：acquire→gain由于：dueto→owingto渴望做某事：beeagertodosth→longtodosth2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：OwingtostudyingintheEnglishdepartment,IcantalkinEnglishfluently.拓展句：ItisowingtostudyingintheEnglishdepartmentthatIcantalkinEnglishfluently.【点睛】[高分句型1]Onseeingyournotice,I’mmorethanexcitedtoapplyfortheposition,whichIfoundquiteappealingtome.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]Inaddition,Ihaveeverservedasareceptionistinourschool’s30thanniversarycelebration,makingmyselfmorecompetitiveandqualifiedforthisposition.（现在分词作状语）第二节读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Jennywasabright­eyed,prettyfive­year­oldgirl.Onedaywhensheandhermotherwerecheckingoutatthegrocerystore,Jennysawaplasticpearlnecklacepricedat2.50.Howshewantedthatnecklace,andwhensheaskedhermotherifshewouldbuyitforher,hermothersaid,“Well,itisaprettynecklace,butitcostsanawfullotofmoney.Afterall,I’llbuyyouthenecklace,andwhenwegethomewecanmakeupalistofchoresthatyoucandotopayforthenecklace.Anddon’tforgetthatforyourbirthday,Grandmajustmightgiveyouawholedollarbill,too.Okay？”Jennyagreed,andhermotherboughtthepearlnecklaceforher.Jennyworkedonherchoresveryhardeveryday,andsureenough,hergrandmagaveherabrand­newdollarbillforherbirthday.SoonJennyhadpaidoffthepearls.HowJennylovedthosepearls！Sheworethemeverywheretokindergarten,bedandwhenshewentoutwithhermothertorunerrands(差事)．Theonlytimeshedidn’twearthemwasintheshower.Hermotherhadtoldherthattheywouldturnherneckgreen!JennyhadaverylovingDaddy.WhenJennywenttobed,hewouldgetupfromhisfavoritechaireverynightandreadJennyhe