专题33 9AU1-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）

9AU1-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）过单词短语过单词短语Comicstrip&Welcometotheunit知识点梳理【知识梳理】1.Itsayssomepeoplearegenerous.（P6）它（文章）说一些人是很慷慨的。这里的say是及物动词，表示“写着、显示”，指书面材料或者可见的东西显示的信息。Itsays意为“上面写着”，通常指标语、布告、海报、通知、公示栏等上面写着……，不可以说成Itwrites。例如：Lookatthesign.Itsays,“Nosmoking!”.Thenoticesays“KeepOut”.Theclocksaysfiveo’clock.【例题精讲】1.Please______uswhatthenewspaper______abouttheearthquake.A.speak;saysB.tell;tellsC.tell;saysD.say;talks2.Itissaidthatafewmoreschools___________(build)inthosepoorareasinafewyears.【答案】1.C2.willbebuilt【知识梳理】2.Hobo,you’veeatenupmybreakfast!（P6）霍波，你把我的早饭吃光了。eatup表示“吃光、吃完”，可单独使用，也可接某物做宾语。名词做宾语时放在up前后均可，但代词做宾语时，必须放在eat和up之间。eg:Thenoodlesaredelicious.Eatthemup.类似的动词短语还有：drinkup“喝光、喝完”，useup“用完”。例如：Comeon.Eatupallthefood.Hehasusedupallhispocketmoney.【例题精讲】1.It’sselfish______you_____thewholecake,Tom.A.for;eatingB.for;toeatC.of;eatingupD.of;toeatup2.---It’severyone’sdutytojointheCleanYourPlateCompaign(光盘行动).---Sure,weshouldtryto______allthefoodthatwehaveordered.A.getupB.showupC.eatupD.turnup3.---Mum,onethirdoftheappleshavegonebad.---We’dbetter______therestassoonaspossible.A.eatawayB.eatintoC.eatupD.eatout4.这个女孩太饿了，把整个蛋糕都吃光了。Thegirlwassohungry______________________________.【答案】1.D2.C3.C4.thatsheateupthewholecake【知识梳理】3.Suzyiswellorganized.Shekeepsallherthingsingoodorder.（P7）苏西很有条理。他将所有的东西都整理得有条不紊。①organizedadj.有条理的，有效率的organize动词，意为“组织，安排”organization名词，意为“组织，机构”eg:Iagreedtohelporganizethecompanypicnic.②keepsth.ingoodorder表示“使……保持井然有序”为“keepsb./sth.+介词短语”结构。例如：Whatamess!Youshouldkeepyourbooksingoodorder.③order名词，意为顺序ingoodorder有条不紊；outoforder次序颠倒，不按顺序inordertodosth为了做某事order做动词，意为“命令；订购”ordersb.(not)todosth.eg:Heorderedustoleavetheroomquietly.【例题精讲】1.Youshouldlearntokeepyourthingsingood__________(顺序).2.这对双胞胎都不知道如何使他们的东西井井有条。Neitherofthetwinsknowshow_______________________________________________________________.【答案】1.order2.tokeeptheirthingsinorder【知识梳理】4.Danielisveryclever,butheismodestandnevershowsoff.（P7）丹尼尔很聪明，但他很诚实并且从不炫耀。①showoff炫耀；卖弄，后面接名词、代词和从句，代词放中间。eg:Don'tshowitoffhere.showsb.sth=showsthtosb把某物给某人看showsbaroundsomeplace带领某人参观某地【例题精讲】1.---Igotan“A”intheEnglishtest!---Jim!Youare______again.A.puttingoffB.showingoffC.givingoffD.takingoff2.一些富二代喜欢在脸谱上炫富。Someoftherichsecondgenerationlove____________________therichesonthefacebook.【答案】1.B2.showingoff【知识梳理】5.Mr.Wuispatientenoughtorepeatgrammarrulesforus.吴老师有足够的耐心给我们重复语法规则。①“...adj./adv+enough+todosth.”表示“足够……能够做某事”，其中的动词不定式短语作结果状语。该句型可以与so...that...或者such...that...结果状语从句进行相互转换。例如：Heisstrongenoughtocarrythebox.=Heissostrongthathecancarrythebox.=Heissuchastrongmanthathecancarrythebox.【例题精讲】1.Youhavetobe______andwaittillIfinishthework.A.curiousB.patientC.honestD.careless2.Millie很有耐心，可以成为一名好教师。Millieispatient_______________________________________________________________teacher.3.BillGatesis______todonatelotsofmoneytopeopleinneed.A.toogenerousB.moregenerousC.generousenoughD.enoughgenerous4.ManyChinesestudentshavedifficultylearningEnglish______(语法).【答案】1.B2.enoughtobeagood3.C4.grammar【知识梳理】6.Heoftencomesupwithnewideas.（P7）他经常想出新主意。comeupwith意为“想出（主意）；追上，赶上”eg:Shecameupwithagoodideaforworkingoutthemathsproblem.Weweretooweaktocomeupwiththeclimbers.【例题精讲】1.他在班里很有人缘，因为他总能想出新点子，而且从来不炫耀自己。Heispopularinhisclassbecausehecanalways_____________________________________________.2.AfatherintheUKhas______awonderfulideatosendhiskidstoschoolontime.Hetakeshissonstotheirschoolinawhitetank(坦克).A.lookeduptoB.madeupC.comeupwithD.shownup【答案】1.comeupwithnewideasandnevershowsoff2.C【知识梳理】7.Billyiscuriousabouteverything.（P7）比利对一切都好奇。句型：becuriousaboutsth对……好奇【例题精讲】1.Kidsarealwayscurious______everything.Theyarealwaysaskingquestions.A.withB.aboutC.forD.above【答案】B【知识梳理】8.NeithermyparentsnorIthinkIcanmakeagoodaccountant.（P7）我父母和我都认为我不能成为一名好的会计。neither(1)neither用作代词，意为“两者都不”。常用结构：neitherof+代词或名词复数，此结构做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Either也有相似的用法，表示“任何一个”。eg:Neitherofthestorieswastrue.(2)并列连词，neither…nor…意思是既不……也不……，在句子中连接同等的句子成分，连接主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语保持一致，即就近原则eg:NeitheryounorIamright.（3）neither用作副词，意为“也不”。eg:Ifyoudon’tgothere,neitherwillI.【例题精讲】1.MyclassmateJoecan’treachthetopoftheshelf,and__________(也不)canI.2.---Whenshallwemeetagainnextweek?---______dayisOK.There’snoproblemwithme.A.EitherB.NeitherC.AllD.Any3.---Teaorcoffee?---______,thanks.I’djustlikeaglassofwater.A.NeitherB.BothC.EitherD.None4.她和她的丈夫都不会轻易动气，所以他们跟邻居们处得很好。Neithershenorherhusband_____________________________,sotheygetonwellwiththeirneighbours.【答案】1.neither2.D3.A4.getsangryeasily【知识梳理】9.It’sterribleformetoworkwithoutspeakingalldaylong.(P.7)对我来说，整天工作不说话，是可怕的。without作介词，表示“没有”，后接名词、代词或者动词ing形式作宾语。例如：Hewenttoschoolwithouteatingbreakfast.alldaylong意为“一整天、一天到晚”。Reading知识点梳理【知识梳理】1.Wuisabornartist.（P8）吴伟是一位天生的艺术家。(1)bornadj.天生的；问世的；诞生的既可作定语修饰名词，又可作状语修饰形容词。eg:Ithinkhewasbornstupid.(2)born作动词，意为“出生”，用于被动语态，beborn意为“出生”eg:Iwasbornin2001.【例题精讲】人人天生具有学习的能力。(bebornwith)___________________________________________【答案】Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn【知识梳理】2.Heisquietanddoesn’tliketotalkmuch,buthisworkshouts.(P.8)①work此处作可数名词，意为“著作、作品”，指书籍、音乐或者艺术类作品。IlikeBeethoven’spianistworks.[拓展]work的其它用法1.work作不可数名词，表示“工作”。It’sverydifficulttofindworkatthemoment.2.work作不及物动词，意为“工作、劳动”。Howhardtheyareworking.②这里的shout用作不及物动词，意为“喊叫”，常同at连用，表示“对……喊叫”，hisworksshout是拟人手法，表示用作品说话。Itisimpolitetoshoutatother.【知识梳理】3.WuWei,theyoungartist,hasimpressedthewholecountrywithhiscreativework（P8）吴为，一位年轻的艺术家，通过他的富有创造性的作品给全国留下深刻印象(1)impress动词，“给……留下深刻的印象”三种句型，①impresssb.withstheg:Heimpressedmewithhisexcellentdrawingskills.【知识梳理】4.HissculptureforSunshineTownSquarehaswonhighpraisefromtheartcommunity.(P8)他的创作的阳光城广场雕塑已赢得了艺术协会的高度赞扬praisevt./n.赞扬，赞美，表扬

highpraise高度赞扬

eg:Hepraisedherforhercourage.

won是win的过去分词，此处作及物动词，意为“赢得”，也可作不及物动词，意为“获胜，赢”eg:Whowontheracetoday?辨析：win与beatWin赢得，获胜所接宾语一般是比赛、辩论、战斗、奖金等名词或赢得的荣誉beat打败，战胜所接宾语是参加比赛的人、团体等eg:LileibeatJimandwonthefirstprize.【例题精讲】1.WuWei’ssculpturesforSunshineTownhavewonhigh____________(赞扬)fromtheartcommunity.2.Theteamalsowon___________(赞扬)forsportsmanshipandfairplay.【答案】1.praise2.praise【知识梳理】5.…soI'malwayssearchingforsomethingbetteranddifferent.（P8）……所以我总是搜寻更好的或与众不同的东西.①bealwaysdoingsth.意为“总是做某事”，always与进行时态连用，表示说话人的某种情绪，如赞扬、责备、不满等。例如：Hewasalwaysaskinghisparentsformoney.Thegirlisalwayshelpingothers.②searchfor意为“寻找”，search...for...表示“为寻找...而...”。Whatareyousearchingforintheroom?Thepolicearesearchingtheforestforthelostgirl.【知识梳理】6.SuNinggaveupherjobasanaccountantfiveyearsago...(P.8)giveup意为“放弃”，后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语，代词作宾语时，放在中间。例如：Weshouldnevergiveupourdreams.Themangaveupsmokingbecauseofhishealth.【知识梳理】7.Youeithertaketheleadorfallbehind.(P8)你要么领先，要么落后。(1)takethelead意为“处于领先地位”eg:Shetooktheleadinthesecondlap.(2)fallbehind意为“落后”Comeon!Wearefallingbehind.[拓展]fall构成的其它短语falldown落下、跌落；falloff从……掉下；fallover摔倒；fallasleep睡着fallill生病；fallinlovewith爱上【例题精讲】1.---Wereyourparentsathomelastnight?---No,______ofuswenttograndpa’sbirthdayparty.A.bothB.allC.neitherD.none2.Icanplay______thepiano_____theviolin.Ifyouwanttolearn,Icanteachyouatanytime.A.either;orB.neither;norC.no;andD.notonly;butalso3.______ofthemcouldsolvetheproblem,soweturnedtoathirdpersonforhelp.A.NoneB.EitherC.BothD.Neither【答案】1.B2.D3.D【知识梳理】8.I’mreadytotakeonnewchallenges.(P.8)takeon意为“承担、呈现”。例如：Nomatterwhatworkyoutakeon,youshouldtakeitseriously.Thechameleoncantakeonthecoloursofitsbackground.【例题精讲】1.---Findinginformationisnotabigdealtoday.---Well,the______ishowwecantellwhethertheinformationisusefulornot.courage B.messageC.challenge D.knowledge【答案】C【知识梳理】9.LiuHaoisthechiefengineerofthehigh–speedrailwayconnectingSunshineTowntoTianji.(P9)刘浩是连接阳光城到天津这段高速铁路的首席工程师。①connect这里作及物动词，意为“连接”，connect...with/to...意为“与……连接”。例如：Firstofall,connecttheprintertothecomputer.IfyouconnectAtoB,youcangetastraightline.【例题精讲】Somethingiswrongwiththemouse____________(connect)tothecomputer.【答案】connected【知识梳理】10.Tous,amissisasgoodasamile.(P9)失之毫厘，差之千里.①asgoodas意为“和……几乎一样、简直是”，Amissisasgoodasamile是一个英语谚语，表示“失之毫厘谬以千里”。例如：Themodelshipisasgoodastherealone.Withoutheglasses,sheisasgoodasbind.【例题精讲】1.Aftertwomore_________(miss),theplayerscoredagoalintheend.2.Iamgettingolder.Mymemoryisn’t______itoncewas.A.asgoodasB.aswellasC.thebestD.betteras【答案】1.misses2.A【知识梳理】11.Wecan’taffordtomakeanymistakes.（P9）我们承担不起任何错误（所造成的后果）(1)afford及物动词，意为“承担得起（后果）”(2)affordsth买得起…eg:Canweaffordanewcar?affordtodosth有足够的钱做某事eg:Wecan’taffordtobuyanewhouse.【例题精讲】1.Everyoneisbusywiththestudy.Howcanyouafford__________(play)computergames?2.Theywalkedhomelastnightbecausetheycouldn’t_____totakeataxi.A.leave B.buyC.afford D.allow【答案】1.toplay2.C【知识梳理】12.Allofusknowthatit’snecessarytopayattentiontoeverydetail.（P9）我们都知道，注意每一个细节。①payattentionto意为“注意”，其中to是介词，后接名词、代词或者动名词。paynoattentionto表示“不注意”。例如：Pleasepayattentiontoyourpronunciation.Hepaidnoattentiontothetrafficlightsandcausedtheaccident.【例题精讲】1.Ifyoudonot_____whattheteachersaysinclass,you’llfallbehind.A.taketheleadB.agreewithC.payattentiontoD.devoteto2.Littleattention__________(pay)tohisnewbookatthebookshowlastweekend.3.Shegetstonsof______(关注)everywhereshegoes.【答案】1.C2.waspaid3.attention【知识梳理】13.Asadoctor,youcan’tbetoocareful.（P9）作为医生，再怎么仔细也不为过。can’t…too…固定句型，意为“无论怎么样都不过分，越……越好”eg:Youcan’tpraisethebooktoomuch.Ican’tagreemore.我非常同意。【例题精讲】1.在考试的时候，学生们当然是越细心越好。Ofcourse,students_______________whiletakingexams.2.孩子永远不会嫌玩具多。Akidcan_________________________________________toys.【答案】1.can’tbetoocareful2.neverhavetoomany【知识梳理】14.Shehasdevotedmostofhertimetoherwork.（P9）她把她的大部分时间用于了工作devotedevote用作及物动词，意为“把……献给；把……用在”，常与介词to搭配，构成devote...to...结构，介词to之后跟名词或动词-ing形式。eg:Idon’tthinkweshoulddevoteanymoretimetothisquestion.Hedevotedhiswholelifetoteaching.(2)devoteoneself/one’stimeto..........致力于，献身于..........eg:Forfouryearshedevotedhimselftomusic.【例题精讲】1.雷锋把他的一生都奉献给了帮助那些需要帮助的人。LeiFeng___________________________________________________________thepeopleinneed.2.Hedevotedmostofhistimeto__________(create)thesculpturesforCitySquarelastyear.【答案】1.devotedhiswholelifetohelping2.creating【知识梳理】15.Liuhao’steammembersfinditdifficulttoworkwithhim.刘皓的团队成员发现很难与他共事。①“findit+adj+todosth.”表示“发现做某事是……”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是形容词后面的动词不定式，这里的形容词作宾语补足语。Ifinditboringtoplaycomputergames.[拓展]find的其它用法1.findsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事Ifoundalotofpeopleworkingoverthere.2.findsb./sth.done发现被……WhenIgothome,Ifoundmybikerepaired.【知识梳理】16.Doyouthinkyourpersonalityissuitableforthejob?(P.11)①besuitablefor意为“适合”。例如：Idon’tknowifyouaresuitableforthework.Thefilmisnotsuitableforthechildren.Grammar知识点梳理【知识梳理】1.Billywouldnotacceptothers’advice.(P.12)=1\*GB3①advice是不可数名词，意为“意见、建议”，apieceofadvice表示“一条建议”。Iwillgiveyousomeadviceonhowtotakecareofyourpetdog.[拓展]advice的常用搭配：adviceon关于……的建议askforadvice征求建议follow/takesb’sadvice接受某人的建议advise作动词，表示“建议”，常用于以下两种结构中：advisedoingsth.建议做某事；advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事。例如：Mymotheradvisedstartingoffearlier.Iadvisedhimtostopsmoking.【知识梳理】2.Billywouldnotthinktwice.(P.12)=1\*GB3①thinktwice表示“三思而后行”，常用于“thinktwiceabout(doing)sth.”结构中.例如：Youshouldthinktwice.Shewouldthinktwiceaboutleavingherdaughteralone.【例题精讲】1.---I'vedecidedtogiveupmyjob,Mum.---________You'dbetterthinktwice.Soundsgreat！B.Whatapity!C.Guesswhat？D.Areyouserious?【答案】DIntegratedskills&StudySkills知识点梳理【知识梳理】1.Eachofthemrepresentsalunaryear.(P15)他们每个都代表一个农历年。representvt“代表；象征”。eg:ThePresidentcouldnotgotothemeeting,sotheDefenseMinisterrepresentedhim.【知识梳理】2.Theyappearinafixedorderandthecyclerepeatsevery12years.(P15)它们以一个固定的顺序出现，每12年循环一次。①appear作不及物动词，意思为“出现，露出”。eg:Arainbowappearedintheskyaftertherain.批注：appear作为不及物动词时既不能后接宾语，也不能用于被动语态。【拓展】appear的反义词是disappear，类似加dis-这样的否定前缀的词还有：dislike,dishonest等。=2\*GB3②fixed形容词，“固定的”【例题精讲】1.Theysellfruitandvegetablesat________(fix)prices.2.Kindsofsmallwhiteflowersoften__________(出现)inearlysummer.【答案】1.fixed2.appear【知识梳理】3.12inall.(P.15)=1\*GB3①inall意为“总共、共计”。例如：Thereweretwelveofusinallfordinner.That’s2,000yuaninall.[拓展]all相关其它短语：afterall毕竟firstofall首先【知识梳理】4.lively,live,alive与living辨析（P15）(1)lively“生动的，活泼的”，用作表语或定语，可以用来修饰人或物。eg:Jennyisalivelygirl.Everythingislivelyhere.(2)live“活着的”，通常指物，不指人，常用来作定语放名词的前面。还指“实况转播的”。eg:alivewire有电的电线，alivefish一条活鱼。(3)alive“活着”，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，既可指人，也可指物;可用来作表语，后置定语或宾补。eg:Nomanaliveisgreaterthanhe.Hewantedtokeepthefishalive.(4)living意为“活着”强调说明“尚在人间”，“健在”，可用来指人或物，作定语或表语。eg:Myfirstteacherisstillliving.Englishisalivinglanguage.【拓展】living还可用于短语，eg:makealiving谋生。【例题精讲】1.OurEnglishteachercameupwithsomeideastomakehisclasses_______(live)thanbefore.2.Therailwaystationnearmyhomewasnoisybut_______inmyeyes.A.livingB.liveC.livelyD.alive3.Theylookmuch____________(lively)inthenewclothesthantheyreallyare.4.Josephineisbright,___________(活泼的)andcheerfulinandafterclass.5.Thevisitortoldavery___storyaboutwhathedidfora______inAfrica.A.alive;liveB.lively;lifeC.living;livingD.lively;living【答案】1.livelier2.C3.livelier4.lively5D【知识梳理】5.Inwesterncountries,ayearisdividedintoacycleof12starsigns.(P16)在西方国家，一年以12个星座为一个周期。=1\*GB3①bedividedinto意为“被分成”，它的主动结构是“o...”意为“把……分成……”。例如：Ayearisdividedintofourseasons.MissGaodividedthewholeclassintofourgroups.【例题精讲】1.Thestudentswere__________(分)intotwogroupsbeforethegamesstarted.2.ThenewEnglishbook_________(divide)intoeightunitsandcoverseighttopics.【答案】1.divided2.isdivided【知识梳理】6.Yourstarsigndependsonyourdateofbirth.(P16)你的星座取决于你的出生日期。depend意思为“依靠”、“依赖”、“取决于”等，只用作不\t"/Article/200805/_blank"及物动词，通常与\t"/Article/200805/_blank"介词

on,upon

连用，主要用法有：口语中说

It(all)depends./Thatdepends.

意为“那要看情况”。eg:--Areyougoingtoo?--Thatdepends.

【知识梳理】7.Itisyouwhoshapeyourlifeandyourfuture.(P16)是你自己塑造了你的生活和你的未来。“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”构成了强调句结构。eg:Marymetanoldbeggarinthestreetyesterday.ItwasMarywho/thatmetanoldbeggarinthestreetyesterday.(强调主语)Itwasanoldbeggarwhom/thatMarymetinthestreetyesterday.(强调宾语)ItwasyesterdaythatMarymetanoldbeggarinthestreet.(强调时间状语)ItwasinthestreetthatMarymetanoldbeggaryesterday.(强调地点状语)注意：强调部分指人用who或that，强调部分指物用that.shape此处用作及物动词，意为“使成形、塑造”。【知识梳理】8.ItissaidthatpeoplebornintheyearofTigerarebrave.(P16)据说在虎年出生的人很勇敢。Itissaidthat...据说，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。类似的结构还有：(1)itisreportedthat..据报道......eg:Itisreportedthatthepolicehavefoundthemissinggirlstudents.(2)Itisbelievedthat...据说，据信.....eg:ItisbelievedthatthespyisstillinRussia.【知识梳理】9.Mm,you’rebraveinsomeways.(P.16)=1\*GB3①insomeways意为“在某些方面、在某种程度上”。Insomeways,itwasoneofourbiggestmistakes.[拓展]inthe/one’sway挡路；ontheway在路上；bytheway顺便问一下【知识梳理】10.Ithinkwecanreadabouttheseforfun,butweshouldn’tbelieveinthem.(P.16)believein意为“相信、信赖”。例如：DoyoubelieveinGod?Weshouldbelieveinourmonitor.【例题精讲】Ireallycan’t___whathesaid.SincelasttimeIwascheated(欺骗)byhim.Ihavenolonger____himatall.A.believe;believeB.believein;believedC.believein;believedinD.believe;believedin【答案】D【知识梳理】11.Personalityincludesyourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorswhichmakeyoudifferentfromotherpeople.(P17)个性包括你的思想、感觉和使你不同于他人的行为。Theenvironment,includingyoureducation,yourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou,canchangeyourpersonality.(P17)环境，包括你的教育、你的经历和你周围的人，可以改变你的个性。include是动词，可以在句中充当谓语。而including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外，在日常运用中一般被当做介词使用，和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语，意思是“包括……在内”eg:Thereare40studentsintheclassroom,includingme.Task知识点梳理【知识梳理】1.Heisnotafraidofmakingaspeechinfrontofpeople.(P19)他不害怕在许多人面前发表演讲。speech名词，“演说，讲话，发言”。它的动词形式是speak。常见的考法是词汇转换。【例题精讲】Davidisnotafraidofmaking____________(演讲)infrontofmanypeople.【答案】speeches【知识梳理】2.Hewillhelpuswithourlessonsifweareabsentfromschool.(P19)如果我们上学缺席，他将帮我们补习功课。absent形容词，“缺席的”。常用结构：beabsentfrom表示“不在……(地方)”eg:Marywasabsentfromthemeetingtoday.【知识梳理】3.WearewritingtorecommendDavidasournewmonitor.我们写信推荐大卫作为我们的新班长。(P19)=1\*GB3①此处的动词不定式作目的状语，可以用“inordertodo”来替换动词不定式短语，或者用sothat或inorderthat引导的目的状语从句来替换。Mymothergetsupveryearly(inorder)tocookbreakfastforus.=Mymothergetsupveryearlysothat/inorderthatshecancookbreakfastforus.=2\*GB3②recommendsb.as…推荐某人为……recommendsb.sth=recommend.sthtosb向某人推荐某物recommendsbtodosth劝告/建议某人做某事eg:Irecommendhimasyourassistant.Mr.Zhangrecommendthebooktohisstudents.Werecommendedhimtospeakatthemeeting.过语法过语法连词and，but，or和so的用法英语中，连词是连接单词、短语或者句子的一种虚词，在句中不单独作任何成分。按照性质，连词可以分为并列连词和从属连词。由并列连词连接的两个（或两个以上）简单句叫作并列句，由从属连词连接的句子叫作复合句。并列连词可以用来表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系或因果关系等。(1)and意为“和，又”，用来连接两个语法意义上相同的词、短语或句子，表示并列或附加关系。如：EnglishandChinesearedifferentlanguages.英语与汉语是不同的语言。如果连接的两个句子主语相同，and后就不必重复第一个主语。如：Wesawthetowerand(省略we)likeditverymuch.我们看到了塔并非常喜欢它。如果连接的两个句子主语和动词相同，and后就不必重复前面的主语和动词。如：Hefeltcoldand(省略hefelt)hungry.他感到既冷又饿。(2)but意为“但是，然而，却”，可用来连接两个有对立或对照性关系的词、短语或句子，表示一种转折关系。如：Helikessinging,buthissisterlikesdancing.他喜欢唱歌，但他妹妹喜欢跳舞。(3)or意为“或者，还是”，表示一种选择关系。否定句中连接两个选项用or如：Areyoucomingornot?你来不来？or如果连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式与or后面的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。如：JamesorHelenisgoingtotellusastory.詹姆斯或海伦将会给我们讲故事。(4)so意为“因此，所以”，常用来连接两个简单句，这两个简单句有意思上的因果关系。如：Therainbegantofall,sowewenthome.雨开始下了，所以我们就回家了。so和从属连词because(因为)不能一起连用。也就是说，使用了并列连词so，就不能用从属连词because;使用了because，就不用so。如：Hewasill,sohedidn'tgotoschool.＝Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.他病了，没去上学。both…and…,notonly…but(also)…,either…or...和neither...nor...的用法(1)both…and…意为“……和……（两者）都……”，可以连接句子中任意两个对等的成分。在连接主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：BothMillieandKatearegoodatEnglish米莉和凯特都擅长英语。(2)notonly…but(also)…不但……而且……，是并列连词，在句中可连接相同的成分。连接主语时，谓语动词应和最近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。用法类似的有:either…or…或者……或者……；neither…nor…既不……也不……如：Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherlikesthefilm不仅是学生，而且老师也喜欢这部电影。（连接主语）Shenotonlysingswellbutalsodanceswell.她不但唱得好而且跳得也好。（连接谓语）Heplaysnotonlytheviolinbutalsothepiano.他不但拉小提琴而且也弹钢琴。（连接宾语）EitheryouorIamwrong.或者是你错了或者是我错了。NeitheryounorIamwrong.你和我都没有错。【例题精讲】用“either…or…”“neither…nor…”“both…and”填空1.Myfatherandmymotherare________teachers.Theyteachinthesameschool.2.______he_______shecanjoinus.Wewantbothofthem.3.Thetrousersare_______tooshort______toolong.Neitherofthemistherightsize.4.Sheis________Chinese______Japanese.ShecomesfromKorea.5.Everyonehelpsparentswiththehouseworkbecausemyparents_________work.【答案】both;Both…and…;neither…nor…;neither…nor…;both用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Eitheryourmotheroryourfather____(be)aworker.2.Eithertheyorhe_____(be)astudent.3.NeitheryounorTom______(have)thisbook.4.Bothyourparentsandyoursister_____(be)athome.【答案】is;is;has;are单项选择（）1.Ithoughttheactorwasfamous,_______noneofmyfriendshaseverheardofhim.A.andB.orC.soD.but（）2.David,getupearly,_______you'llcatchtheearlybus.A.butB.andC.afterD.or（）3.Thetrainwaslate,_____wehadtowaitforhalfanhour.A.becauseB.orC.soD.but（）4.--Hurryup,________youwillbelateforschool.--OK.I'mcoming.A.andB.butC.orD.so（）5.Let'sgotoKunmingforvacation.It's____toohot_____tocoldthere.A.either,orB.neither,norC.both,andD.notonly,butalso（）6.--Mike,pleaseturndownthemusic;___Lucy____Lilyaresleeping.--Sorry,I'lldoitrightaway.A.neither,norB.either,orC.both,andD.notonly,butalso（）7.NeithermysisternorI__________beentoAmericabefore.A.haveeverB.haveneverC.haseverD.hasnever（）8._____you____yourbrothercanjoinus.Wewantoneofyou.A.Either,orB.Neither,norC.Both,andD.Notonly,butalso（）9.IamafanofLiuQian.________hismagic_______hishumorattractsme.A.neither,norB.either,orC.both,andD.notonly,butalso（）10.________myfather___mymotherbelieveswhatstarsignssay,butIdo.A.neither,norB.either,orC.both,andD.notonly,butalso【答案】DBCCBCAADA重难点训练重难点训练一、单项选择（）1.﹣Mum,I'm_______toeatfivebowlsofrice!﹣Really?Butthereisn't______inthefridge.A.hungryenough;foodenoughB.enoughhungry;foodenoughC.hungryenough;enoughfoodD.enoughhungry;enoughfood（）2.Wouldyouplease_________thesegrammarrules______us?A.repeat;forB.repeat;toC.repeating;toD.repeating;for（）3.Hurryup,_____wewillmissthebeginningofthefilm.A.soB.orC.thoughD.but（）4.Jimisa_____person,Hethinksnoonecanbesuccessfulwithout_______.A.successful;hardworkB.successful;workhardC.success;hardworkD.succeed;workhard（）5.﹣WhenshallwetraveltoAustralia,thisyearornextyear?﹣______isOK.Youdecide.A.NeitherB:EveryC.EitherD.Each（）6.Heisveryhard-working_____henevermindsdoingextrawork.A.andB:butC.orD.so（）7.Somescientists______alltheirlives_______theirhomeland.A.devoted;intobuildingB.devoted;tobuildC.devoted;tobuildingD.devoted;forbuilding（）8._______you______Amy_____interestedinstarsigns.A.Notonly;butalso;isB.Neither;nor;areC.Both;and;isD.Either;or;are（）9.Helenisveryconfident.Shethinksshecando______ifshetriesherbest.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.none（）10.Millieisn'tafraidof______atalk______manypeople.A.giving;inthefrontofB.giving;tothefrontofC.giving;infrontofD:giving;tofrontof（）11.Davidisveryclever______hehaswonseveralmathcompetitions.A.Infact B.SuchasC.ForexampleD.Insomeways（）12.Couldyoukeeptheseoldclothes_______goodorder?A.withB.forC:atD.in（）13.LinPing_______thewholeclass_______hishighmarks.A.impressed;byB:hasimpressed;withC.made;byD.hasmade;with（）14.You'dbetter______beforemakinganimportantdecision.A.thinktwo B.tothinktwiceC.thinktwice D.tothinktwo（）15﹣Whataboutgoingboatingthisafternoon?﹣Itsoundsgreat.Iquite______youA.agreeto B.agreeon C.agreewith D.agreefor【答案】1﹣5CABAC6﹣10DCACC11﹣15CDBCC二、完形填空Everyonehasgottwopersonalities-onethatisshowntotheworldand___1thatissecretandreal.Youdon'tshowyoursecretpersonalitywhenyou'reawakebecauseyoucancontrol__2__butwhenyou'reasleep,yoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou.Inanormalnight;ofcourse,youoftenchangeyour__3positions.Theimportantpositionthatbestshowsyoursecretpersonalityistheonethatyougotosleep.Ifyougotosleeponyourback,you'reaveryopenperson.Younormallytrustpeopleandyouare__4__influencedbynewideas.Youdon'tliketomakepeopleunhappy,soyounever__5__yourrealfeelings.You'requiteshyandyouaren'tvery__6__.Ifyousleeponyourstomach,youareapersonwholikestokeepsecrets.Youworryalotandyou'realwayseasilybecomingsad.You__7__wanttochangeyourideas,butyouaresatisfiedwithyourlifethewayit.Youusuallylivefortodaynottomorrow.Ifyousleeponcurledup(蜷缩)，youareprobablyaverynervousperson.Youhavealowopinionofyourselfandoftenprotectyourselffrom__8__soyouareverydefensive.You'reshyandyoudon'tusuallylikemeetingpeople.Youliketobe__9__.Ifyousleeponyourside,youhaveusuallygotawell-balanced(平衡的)personality.Youknowyourstrengthsandweaknesses.You'reusuallycareful.Youhaveaconfidentpersonality.Yousometimesfeel__9__,butyoudon'toftengetunhappy.Youalwayssaywhatyouthink,evenifitmakespeopleangry.（）1.A.another Bother C.theother D.others（）2.A.myselfB.yourself C.himself D.herself（