Unit1ScienceandScientistsDiscoverUsefulStructures表语从句课件高中英语人教版选择性(1)2

Unit1ScienceandScientists

Tolearnthestructureofpredicativeclause.Toknowhowtojudgethepredicativeclause.Tomastertheconjunctionsofpredicativeclause.REVIEWWhatdothesentenceshaveincommonintheirstructures?predicative表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。Hisdiarrhea

seemssevere.Thetwopoliciesarecontradictory.Thisisawaterpump.Hisjobistohandletheproblem.1.Thedefinitionofpredicativeclause.Thequestioniswhowilldoit.Thequestionisdifficult.（表）（表）表语从句在复合句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句，属于名词性从句。位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。表语从句必须用陈述语序。2.Thestructureofpredicativeclause.主语+系动词+引导词

+简单句Thisiswhyhedidit.e.g.WhatIwanttosayis

that

Iamtired.表语从句表语从句的判断Thejudgmentofthepredicativeclause系动词主要是be动词（am,is,are,was,were)，意为“是”。其它系动词：1)持续系动词（表示主语持续或保持一种状况或态度）：keep,remain,stay,stand2)“像”系动词（表示看起来像）：seem,appear,look3)感官系动词：look,feel,smell,sound,taste4)变化系动词（主语变成什么样）：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go5)终止系动词（主语已终止动作）：prove,turnout定义：表语从句放在

之后，充当复合句中的

。结构:Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.Itlooksasifheisunhappytoday.主语+系动词+引导词+简单句系动词表语表语从句的定义Thedefinitionofpredicativeclause表语从句引导词的选择WhatIcanseeis_____thepolicearetrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstattacks.Thepolicearetrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstattacks.whatIcanseethat

从属连词that不做成分,没有意义，连接作用，不能省略1.Thefactisthatinevitablyshetookoutherfrustrationsonherson.2.WhatIcanseeisthatthepolicearetrainedtodefendthemselves.

3.Thequestioniswhethertheycouldhandletheproblem.4.Helookedasifhehadseenaghost.5.Hefeltfrustrated.Thatisbecausehefailedintheexam.表语从句的从属连词有that,whether,asif,asthough,because,他们在从句中_____成分。that在表语从句中_______实际意义，陈述一个

，______省略；whether在表语从句中_______实际意义，______省略；

与if替换。asif,asthough在表语从句中_______实际意义，______省略；because在表语从句中_______实际意义，______省略；不做没有不可有不可有不可有不可是否似乎/好像因为1.从属连词确定的事实不可2.从属连词whether引导的表语从句Thequestionisifwecanfinishourwork.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthwatching.

Thedoctor’sdoubtiswhethershewillsurvive.

whether起_________作用，意为“_______”，在句中_________(是/否)作成分。(注意：if______(能/不能)引导表语从句)。连接是否不不能从属连词-asif/asthoughasif/asthough引导的表语从句常跟在look,sound,seem,feel等后面,意思为：“看起来/听起来/似乎+就好像...”语气：若表示真实情况，用陈述语气。若表示非真实情况，用虚拟语气。Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.Itsoundedasifthenightwouldneverend.真实情况非真实情况3.从属连词asif/asthough/because引导的表语从句Itsoundsasif/thoughsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.Shelookedasifshehadbeenhitbylightning.Itseemsasifsheweremad.Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatis

becausehehadseenitbefore.asif/though在从句中________(是/否)充当成分，意为“______________”;若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用_________(主句一般现在时，从句用_________时；主句过去式，从句___________时)；because在从句中_______(是/否)充当成分，意为“______________”不似乎；好像虚拟语气一般过去过去完成不因为asif/asthough引导的表语从句的虚拟语气：

若跟现在事实不符：动词过去式（be动词用were）若跟过去事实不符：haddone

若跟将来事实不符：would/could+动词原形Thelittleboy

seemsasifhe

(know)

everythingintheworld.

Thelittleboyseemsasifhe______(be)animportantperson.

Hefeltasifhe

(meet)thisyoungladyforalongtimesomewhere.

Heopenshismouth.Itseems

asifhe________(say)somethinglater.从属连词-asif/asthoughknewwouldsayhadmetwere从属连词：1.Mybeliefis______________Iwillsucceedbyworkinghard.2.Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.雨季最令人愉快的事情是完全没有灰尘。3.Theproblemis______________wecanfindthemthere.4.Itsounds_________________someoneisknockingatthedoor.

whetherthatthatthat在从句中不做成分，也没有实际意义，但不可省略；whether也不能省略，意思为：是否。asif/though，在句子中不充当任何成分，但有意义。译为：似乎，好像。asif/though引导词的用法Theuseofconjunctionwordswho/whom/whose/which/what等连接代词：连接代词在表语从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。“缺什么补什么”：根据从句句意与所缺成分确定连接词①Thisis_______myteacherhastaughtme—honesty.②Theproblemis_______cantaketheplaceofJim.③WhatIwanttoknowis_______wordsarehelpful.whatwhowhose4.连接代词who、whom、whose、what、which引导的表语从句Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.WhatIwanttoknowiswhosewordsarehelpful.连接代词who/whoever、whom/whomever、whose、what/whatever、which/whichever在从句中作______、_________、___________、_________等。主语宾语表语定语1.Whatmakesuscuriousiswhatledtohissuccess.2.Thisiswhatmymotherhastaughtme——tofacemyfaultbravely.3.Thequestioniswhowassuspectedofstealingthemoney.4.Theproblemiswhomwecantrust.5.Theargumentiswhichoneweshouldchoose.6.Themostimportantthingiswhose

telescope

canfindthesuitableplanettolivein.SosoA定语A定语2.连接代词表语从句的连接代词有who(ever)、whom(ever)、what(ever)、whose、which(ever)、指人用：

，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语，whom(ever)不能充当

;指物用：

,

在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语；which&whose在从句中作

;which(ever)：

。1.Youcanbe

youwanttobe.2.Thequestionis____________causedtheaccident.3.Themostimportantthingis____________responsibilityitis.

whoever/whomever(用的较少)whosewhatwho(ever)主语what(ever)定语在某个范围里的任意一个2.连接代词1)Chinaisnolonger_______sheusedtobe.2)Thequestionis_______ofusshouldcomefirst.(我们两个中的哪一个)3)Theproblemis______isreallyfitforthehardjob.4)Theimportantthingis_______nameshouldbeputonthetopofthelist.5）Youcanbe__________youwanttobe.

whatwhichwhowhosewhoever即学即练Thisis__________Iwant.MyEnglishislimited.Thisis_______IhatereadingEnglishbooks.Thevillageis_________Iusedtospendmyholiday.Heismyfavoritesinger.Itis________Ireallylovethewayhebehaves.Thetroubleis__________weareshortoffunds.Myproblemis__________coatissuitableforme.I‘

d

like

to

startmyownbusiness—that’s____IwanttodoifIhadthemoney.WhatIwanttoknowis_______willsupportme.whatwherewhybecausethatwhichwhatwho1.Nextsundayis

weshallmeet.2.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbethesame,andthisis

Idisagree.

你说每个人都应该一样，这就是我不同意你的地方。3.Thequestionis__________wecangetintouchwithhim.

问题是我们怎样才能和他联系上。4.Therainistooheavy.Thatis_________Igotwet.

那就是为什么我被淋湿了的原因。wherehowwhy3.连接副词when表语从句的连接副词有when,where,why,how在从句中分别充当

.时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、方式状语Idisagreewithyouinthisaspect/point.表语从句的引导词从属连词在从句中不作句子成分连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语连接副词在从句中作状语whenwherewhyhowwhat/whateverwhich/whicheverwho/whoeverwhom,whose...that,whetherasif/asthoughbecauseSummary一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．It’sapity________you’vemissedsuchagoodchance.2．Itisnotimmediatelyclear_______thefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.3．_______hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.4．AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.5．_______shecouldn’tunderstandwaswhyfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.6．_______comeswillbewelcomedtotheopen-airconcert.7．_______wearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.8．Itisbynomeansclear________thepresidentcandotoendthestrike.9．_______someteenagersdon’trealizeis_______difficultlifecanbeaftertheygetaddictedtodrugs.10．Ithasbeenproved_______eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.thatwhetherWhatwhatWhatWhatWhatWhatthatWhoeverhow1.表语从句和其他从句一样都用陈述语序：连词+主语+谓语（连主谓）。2.that引导表语从句时,在句中只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,无实际意义,

不能省略。表语从句的注意点Thegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclause

e.g.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaristhatitcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.

e.g.ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.1.Heiscarelessandirresponsible.Thatwas_______hewasfired.2.Hewasfired.Thatwas_________heiscarelessandirresponsible.3.Thereason_______hewasfiredwas________hewascarelessandirresponsible.whybecausewhythat三、注意事项（1）Summary:

This/That/Itis/wasbecause+原因…This/That/Itis/waswhy+结果…Thereason(why+结果...:定语从句)

is/wasthat+原因...不可以使用Because,否则造成词义累赘“这就是为什么…”“这是因为…”“…的原因是...”whyvsbecause三、注意事项（2）虚拟语气1)表示“一坚持（insist)二命令(order,command)三建议(advise,suggest,propose)

四要求(ask,require,request,demand)”的名词insistance,order,command,advice,suggestion,proposal,requirement,request,demand,

idea做主语，后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略Herorderwas

allthestudents

(be)quiet.Hisrequestis

we

(work)hard.(should)be(should)workthatthat表语从句的注意点Thegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclause表语从句的虚拟语气Myproposalisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.Myadviceisthatwe(should)gettherebytrain.Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)goandhelphim.1)在表示“一坚持（insist)二命令(order,command)三建议(advise,suggest,propose)四要求(ask,require,request,demand)”的名词

advice,suggestion,request,proposal,idea

等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略表语从句的注意点Thegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclauseasif/asthough引导的表语从句的虚拟语气：

若跟现在事实不符：过去式（be动词用were）若跟过去事实不符：haddone

若跟将来事实不符：would/could+动词原形Thelittleboytalksasifhekneweverythingintheworld.Hefeltasifhehadmetthisyoungladyforalongsomewhere.

三、注意事项（3）常见句型句型一：Thequestion/problemisthat/whether/when/where/how....

问题是....Theproblemis

theydon’thaveenoughmoney.问题是他们没有足够的钱。Theproblemis

weshouldgoonwiththebasketballgamebecauseitseemstorain.句型二：One’sdream/aim/purpose/goalisthat...某人的梦想、目标、目的是....thatwhetherPracticePractice-translationA.Absolutely.Youmaynotbelieveit,butthatwas________happenedattheinitialstageofourgroup'sresearchondevelopingavaccineformalaria.B.Yes,itis.Anditseemed_______allthetheorieswereuseful,butthefactwas_____wecouldn'tpersuadeoneanotherthatonetheorywasbetterthananother.whatasifthatasif,that,what,who,when,how,why,wh