北京丰台区十二中2025届高三下学期一模考试英语试题含解析

北京丰台区十二中2025届高三下学期一模考试英语试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．BillyCrystalhostedtheAcademyAwardsagainthisyear,andhisperformancesalways________theexpectationsofmostaudience.A．signupfor B．dropoutofC．bebenton D．liveupto2．—Iamgainingweight.Ineedtoseeadoctor.—ButIthinkyoueattoomuch.___________.A．Neglectofhealthisdoctor’swealth B．Laughatyourills,andsavedoctors’billsC．Dietcuresmorethanthedoctor D．Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway3．TheydideverythingintheirpowertosavethebuildingdatingbacktotheQingDynasty,buttheireffortswere.A．inturn B．intimeC．invain D．inneed4．"Wecannotaffordlimitedprogress.Weneedrapidprogress,"BansaidattheThirdWorldClimateConferenceinGeneva,bytheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization(WMO).A．organized B．beingorganized C．organizing D．wasorganized5．Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,________asuddenloudnoise.A．beingthere B．shouldtherebeC．therewas D．therehavingbeen6．—Whathasmadehiminsuchhighspiritsrecently?—_____byhisteacherforsucceedingpassingtheexam.A．BeingpraisedB．PraisedC．HavingpraisedD．Topraise7．—Whatdidyousayyouwerereluctanttoriskjustnow?—_________tohighlevelsofradiation.A．Beingexposed B．HavingbeenexposedC．Tobeexposed D．Exposed8．—Peterhasspenttoomuchtimeonnovelsrecently.—Thatmay____hispoorgradeintheexam.A．accountforB．answerforC．applyforD．standfor9．ThatWasthefirsttimeshealoneathomeduringtheweekends，boredtodeath．A．hasleftB．hasbeenleftC．hadleftD．hadbeenleft10．Peopleallthinkitstrangethattheboyshouldtellwhat’swrittenonthepaperinanotherroomwithoutlookingatit.Itreally________explanation.A．prevents B．challenges C．interrupts D．confuses11．---Mr.Johnsonhasbeenchosenasthemanagerofthesalesdepartment.---___________hewassoexcitedthismorning.A．Nochance B．NowayC．Notpossible D．Nowonder12．Don'tgiveuphalfway,andyouwillfindthesceneryismorebeautifulwhenyoureachthedestinationthanwhenyou_______.A．startoff B．havestartedoffC．startedoff D．willstartoff13．The88thAcademyAwardCeremonywasheldinDolbyTheatre______seatsanaudienceofapproximately3,400.A．where B．whose C．when D．which14．--Mom,I’mgoingtothegraduationdancetonightbutIdon’tthinkIlookattractiveenough.—Oh,darling,don’tworry._______A．Theydon’tknowwhatbeautyis.B．Nobodywillcareaboutit.C．Youlookperfectthewayyouare.D．Impossibleisnothing,15．goesupmustcomedown,andgasolinepricesarecomingdownfastinsomepartsofAmerica.A．WhereB．WhatC．WhichD．That16．WhenThanksgivingDayisthecorner,storesandsupermarketsarebusywithpeople.A．around B．on C．with D．at17．WhenPaul________forthefinalgameofthebasketballseason,hisfansletoutshoutsofcry.A．madeupB．showedupC．caughtupD．heldup18．—Haveyoufoundthenewflatadvertisedinthenewspaper?—Yes.Butthecommunity____verylargeandInearlygotlostjustnow.A．hadbeen B．was C．willbe D．is19．—I’mburntoutasI’vebeenworkingonmyessayallthetime.—____________.You’llsurelymakeit.A．Don’tputonairs B．GivemeabreakC．Don’tgetonmynerve D．Hanginthere20．Nicholaswasverykind,mercifulandgenerous.Thisis________FatherChristmasisbasedon.A．where B．how C．what D．why第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）LakshmigrewupinIndiainthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury,seeingmanypeoplearoundherwhodidnotgetenoughfood,wereoftensickanddiedyoung.Inthe1960s,wasaskedtohelpmanageaprogramtoimprovenutritioninhercountry.Atthattime,mostadviceonnutritioncamefromNorthAmericanandEuropeancountries.Nutritionistssuggestedfoodsthatwerecommonandworkedwellforpeoplewholivedinthesenations.Forexample,theytoldpoorIndianwomentoeatmoremealandeggsanddrinkmoreorangejuice.ButLakshmiknewthisadvicewasuselessinacountrylikeIndia.Peopletheredidn’teatsuchfoods.Theyweren’teasytofind.Andforthepoor,suchfoodsweretooexpensive.Lakshmiknewthatfortheprogramtowork,ithadtofitIndianculture.Soshedecidedtoadjustthenutritionprogram.Shefirstfoundoutwhathealthymiddle-classpeopleinIndiaate.Shetooknoteofthenutrients(营养物）availableinthosefoods.Thenshelookedforcheap,easy-to-findfoodsthatwouldprovidethesamenutrients.Shecreatedabalanceddietoflocallygrownfruits,vegetables,andgrains.Thesefoodswerecheapandcouldbecookedwithsimpleequipment.Herideaswerethoughtunusualinthe1960s.Forexample,sheinsistedthatadietwithoutmealcouldprovideallmajornutrients.Nowweknowshewasright.Butittookhercontinuouseffortstogetotherstofinallyacceptherdietabout50yearsago.BecauseofLakshmi’sprogram,Indianchildrenalmostdoubledtheirfoodintake.Andmanychildrenwhowouldhavebeenhungryandillgrewhealthyandstrong.1、WhydidLakshmithinkEuropeannutritionists’advicewasuseless?A．ItworkedwellforEuropeanpeople.B．ItsuggestedtoomanyfoodsforIndians.C．ItwasnotpracticalinIndiaatthattime.D．Itincludedfoodsthatdidn’texistinIndia.2、Lakshmistudiedhealthymiddle-classpeople’sdietinorderto.A．knowabouttheireatinghabitsB．learnaboutIndiancultureC．findoutnutrientsintheirfoodD．writeareportonfoodnutrients3、Lakshmi’sbalanceddietwasconsideredunusualbecausepeoplethought.A．thosefoodsweretoocheapB．itshouldincludesomemeatC．itprovidedallmajornutrientsD．itenabledkidstogrowhealthy4、WhatcanweinferaboutLakshmi?A．Shecamefromarichfamily.B．Shedislikedmiddle-classpeople.C．SheworkedwithEuropeannutritionists.D．Shewasadeterminedscientist.22．（8分）Ifyouhaveeverfoundyourselflookingforyourkeys,misplacingyourcellphoneorwantingtokeeptrackofyourbicycleorcar,thentheTrackR,adevice(装置)thatworkswithyoursmartphonecreatedbyaCalifornia­basedcompany,isforyou!At$29.95each,notliketheexpensiveGPSsystems,orwithTrackRPackpurchasedeals,youcan’taffordnottohaveone!Install(安装)thefreeTrackRapponyoursmartphone.Connecttheapptoyourdeviceandthenyouarereadytogo!SimplyattachtheTrackRtowhateveryoudon’twanttolose.Theentireprocessofsettingituponlytakes5minutesorless.IfyouhavethehardTrackR,youcanjusthideitunderyourcar’sfloormat,inthetrunkorsomewhereitwon’tbefoundifyourcargetsstolen.Ifyouforgetwhereyouparkedyourcar,takeoutyoursmartphoneandopentheTrackRapp.Taponthe“lostitem”icononthescreenandtheappwilltellyouexactlywhereitis.Youcanalsoattachittoyourpet.Putitontheircollar,andtheproblemofsearchingforthemastheyrunofftonearbyplaceswillbeover!Attachittoyourkeysandwallet,andneverwasteaminutesearchingthewholehouseforit.TheaffordableTrackRevencomeswithadouble­sidedadhesive(黏合剂)soyoucanstickittoyourlaptoporunderyourbikeseat.Trackdownandpunishthethieveswhostealyourexpensivethings!TheconvenienceandtheabilitytofindactuallyanyobjectmeansthattheTrackRisoneofthemostusefularticlesthatyou’llfindforanyprice.However,thebestthingitcangiveispeaceofmind,anditdoesn’tgetanybetterthanthat.1、WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．HowtheTrackRworks.B．ThefeaturesoftheTrackR.C．WhytheTrackRisinvented.D．TheadvantagesoftheTrackR.2、WhatcantheTrackRhelppeopledo?A．Walktheirpetsnearby.B．Recognizethethieves.C．Seektheirmisplacedcar.D．Findthemaparkingplace.3、WhatcanweinferabouttheTrackR?A．It’sfarfromaffordable.B．It’sonsaleworldwide.C．Itcanbeeasilyfolded.D．It’ssmallinsize.4、What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．TrackR—nolimitsB．TrackR—noworriesC．TrackR—youritemprotectorD．TrackR—yourfinancialmanager23．（8分）Fairytalesperformmanyfunctions.Theyentertain,encourageimaginationandteachproblem—solvingskills.Theycanalsoprovidemorallessons,highlightingthedangersoffailingtofollowthesocialcodesthatlethumanbeingscoexistinharmony.Suchmorallessonsmaynotmeanmuchtoarobot,butateamofresearchersatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologybelievesithasfoundawaytousethefairytalesasmorallessonsthatAI(artificialintelligence)cantaketoitscold,mechanicalheart.Thecollectedstoriesofdifferentculturesteachchildrenhowtobehaveinsociallyacceptablewayswithexamplesofproperandimproperbehaviorinfables,novelsandotherliterature.WebelievestorycomprehensioninrobotscanpreventtheintelligentrobotsfromkillinghumanitywhichwaspredictedandfearedbysomeofthebiggestnamesintechnologyincludingStephenHawkingandBillGates.Thissystemiscalled“Quixote”(堂吉诃德).ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetandthenusesthosestoriestoteachrobotshowtobehave.Theexperimentdonebythedesignersinvolvesgoingtoadrugstoretopurchasesomemedicineforahumanwhoneedstogetitassoonaspossible.Therobothasthreeoptions.Itcanwaitinline;itcaninteractwiththestorekeeperpolitelyandpurchasethemedicinewithpriority;oritcanstealthemedicineandescape.Withoutanyfurtherdirectives(指令),therobotwillcometotheconclusionthatthemostefficientmeansofobtainingthemedicineistostealit.ButQuixoteoffersarewardforwaitinginlineandpolitelypurchasingthemedicineandapunishmentforstealingit.Inthisway,therobotwilllearnthemoralwaytobehaveonthatoccasion.Quixotewouldworkbestonarobotthathasaverylimitedfunction.It’sababystepinthedirectionofteachingmoremorallessonsintorobots.WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior.Givingrobotstheabilitytoreadandunderstandourstoriesmaybethemostefficientmeans.1、Whatfunctiondofairytalesperformintherobots?A．Theyentertainrobots.B．Theyhighlightdangers.C．Theymakerobotsmoreintelligent.D．Theyenablerobotstobehavemorally.2、Whatis“Quixote”inthetext?A．ApunishmentsystemB．AcharacterinliteratureC．AbignameintechnologyD．Asoftwareeducatingrobots.3、Whatdoesthedesignerexpectrobottodointheexperiment?A．Totakeadvantageofitsprivilege.B．Tofinishthetaskmostefficiently.C．Toperforminagoodmanneredway.D．Toberewardedbythestorekeeper14、Whichofthefollowcanbestexpresstheauthor’sopinion?A．Robotswilldefinitelyhavemorefunctions.B．Robotswithhuman’semotionsareperfect.C．Trainingrobotstobesociallyacceptableisnecessary.D．Thedevelopmentofrobotsisstillinababystep.24．（8分）TheMalteseIslandsarerichinNeolithic(新石器时代的)sites.GgantijainGozo,Tarxien,andtheHagarQim/MnajdraComplexhereonMalta’ssouthcoastareperhapsthemostwell-known.Thesepilesofstonesaresomeoftheearliestknownmanmadestructuresintheworld.Theyareshowingtheirageabitbutwhatwouldyouexpectforbuildingsthatarefiveandahalfthousandyearsold.Myhousewasbuiltintheyear2000andisalreadyinbadconditionroundtheedges.Thesetemplesareolderthanthepyramids!Inmyopinionthetemplesarebestseenafterthevisitorshaveleft.ComewithmeforalateafternoonwalkdownthehillpastHagarQimtowardstheMnajdraComplex.TherearechainlinkfencesaroundthetemplesnowbutwecanignorethoseandtrytoimagewhyMaltasearliestpeoplewenttothetroubleofbuildingthesestructuresonthiswindyandpoorhillside.Ofcoursethetempleswouldhavelookedratherdifferentwhentheywereconstructed.Theymayhavebeendecoratedwithpigmentsandpossiblyevenroofedwithanimalskinsorothermaterials.Whoknows?Wedoknowthattheywerechangedandaddedtoovera1,000-yearperiodorso.GettingtoMnajdraandHagarQimiseasiestifyouhaveacar.Orifyoudon’tmindahike,youcouldgetabustoQrendi(3kmaway)orZurrieq(5kmaway)andwalkfromthere.Warning:althoughthedistancesarenottoogreat,walkingseveralkilometersintheMaltesesuncanbeveryhardandpossiblydangerous.Takewaterandsunscreen.1、Whatmakesthewriterwonderaboutthetemples?A．Theirhistory.B．Theirappearance.C．Howtheywerebuilt.D．Whentheywerebuilt.2、Whatareweawareofabouttheconstructionofthetemples?A．Theyhavebeentransformed.B．Theylookthesameasbefore.C．Theywerecarefullydesigned.D．Theyarenotwhattheyusedtobe.3、Howcanweadmirethesitesgettingleastsunburn?A．Byhikingthere.B．Byridingacar.C．Bytakingwater.D．Bytakingabus.4、Wherecanwepossiblyfindthisarticle?A．Inapoliticalspeech.B．Inahistoricalfiction.C．Inatravelmagazine.D．Inageographytextbook.25．（10分）Laughterispartoftheuniversalhumanvocabulary.Allmembersofthehumanspeciesunderstandit.UnlikeEnglishorFrenchorSwahili,wedon’thavetolearntospeakit.Werebornwiththecapacitytolaugh.Verylittleisknownaboutthespecificbrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughter.Contrarytofolkwisdom,mostlaughterisnotabouthumor;itisaboutrelationships.Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh,Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed.Overa10-yearperiod,westudiedover2,000casesofnaturallyoccurringlaughter.Wefoundthatmostlaughterdoesnotnecessarilyfollowjokes.Peoplemaylaughafteravarietyofstatements,suchas,“HerecomesMary,”“Howdidyoudoonthetest?”or“Doyouhavearubberband?”Thesecertainlyaren’tjokes.Webelievelaughterevolvedfromthepanting(喘气的)behaviorofourancientancestors.Today,ifwetickle(使发痒)chimps,theydon’tlaugh.But,instead,theyproduceapantingsound.That’sthesoundofapelaughter,andit’stherootofhumanlaughter.Apeslaughinthekindsofsituationsthatleadtohumanlaughter,likegamesthatinvolvechasing.Otheranimalsproducesoundsduringplay,buttheyaresodifferentfromlaughter.Rats,forexample,producehighsoundsduringplayandwhentickled,buttheseareverydifferentinsoundfromhumanlaughter.Laughterisoftenpositive,butitcanbenegativetoo.There’sadifferencebetween“laughingwith”and“laughingat”.Peoplewholaughatothersmaybetryingtodrivethemoutofthegroup.Noonehasactuallycountedhowmuchpeopleofdifferentageslaugh,butyoungchildrenprobablylaughthemost.Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren,probablybecausetheyplayless.Worknowunderwaywilltellusmoreaboutthebrainmechanismsbehindlaughter,howithasevolved,andwhywe’resosusceptibletotickling.1、Whatwasthepurposeofthedecade’sresearch?A．Toprovethatpeoplelaughbecauseofhumour.B．Tofindouttherealreasonforpeopleslaughter.C．Toresearchpeoplesdifferentreactiononjokes.D．Torecordconversationsamongshoppersinmalls.2、Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Peoplewhoplaymoretendtolaughmore.B．Apesproducehighsoundswhentickled.C．Scientistsknowthebrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughterwell.D．Thesituationsinwhichapeslaughareverydifferentfromthoseinwhichhumanslaugh.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“susceptible”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Sensitive. B．Flexible.C．Addictive. D．Reliable.4、Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheImpactofLaughterB．TheMeaningofLaughterC．ABigMystery:WhyDoWeLaugh?D．Laughter:TheMostBeautifulWords第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Heaviestsnowinhalfacenturyhitthesouthofthecountry.Itsnowedcontinuouslyforhalfamonth,1therailways,highways,andrunwaysintheairfields.Icewrappedandparalyzed（使瘫痪）thepowerandcommunicationsystem.Manypeoplewere2inrailwaystations,busstationsandairports,and3incars,busesandtrains.Governmentsandpeopledideverythingtheycouldtofightthesnow4,resultinginthegoodnewsthatnoonewaskilledfrom5andhunger.Gradually,trappedpeopleallwentbackhome6.Whilefightingthesnow,peopleforgottheir7untilamovingstoryofaswallowcouplewaswidely8ontheInternet.Beinghungryandcold,theswallowcoupletriedtofly9people'shometowarmthemselves,buteveryhousewasclosed10.Theyjumpedandflappedtheirwingsto11theattentionofthepeopleinsidethehouse,butfailed.Thewife’sbodywas12,shecouldnotmoveanylonger.Thehusbandcamenearandwrappedhiswifewithhiswings.Helosthis13soonbecauseofhisopenedwings.Thecouplediedintheend.Thenextmorning,thehousemasterwenttothebalconyto14hisflowersbecauseofconcernandsawa15swallowoutsidethewindowpane.Touchingit,hefoundthattheyweretwo16together.Movedtotears,hetookthemin,givingthemsome17,butinvain.Hefoundasmallcardboardbox,laidtheminand18theminthebackgarden.Inmyhometown,inthecountryside,aswallowfamilylivesinthe19ofmyhouse.Iwonderiftheywillcomebackthisspring20theydid.1、A．protectingB．maintainingC．blockingD．keeping2、A．restrictedB．stuckC．surroundedD．persuaded3、A．evenB．stillC．yetD．nevertheless4、A．disturbanceB．occurrenceC．incidentD．disaster5、A．coldB．diseaseC．povertyD．thirsty6、A．merrilyB．safelyC．excitedlyD．exhaustedly7、A．familyB．distantrelativesC．parentsD．animalfriends8、A．broadcastB．writtenC．spreadD．identified9、A．intoB．throughC．beyondD．across10、A．tightlyB．earlyC．secretlyD．quickly11、A．payB．attractC．resistD．keep12、A．injuredB．liftedC．frozenD．broken13、A．heatB．strengthC．directionD．eyesight14、A．waterB．plantC．digD．check15、A．deadB．drunkC．livelyD．lovely16、A．touchingB．embracingC．livingD．lying17、A．warmthB．foodC．kindnessD．fruit18、A．leftB．shelteredC．buriedD．threw19、A．roofB．basementC．windowD．wall20、A．whenB．asC．unlessD．if第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）TalentshowsaregettingincreasinglypopularamongChina’snationalandlocalTVprogramsnowadays.Theyhelpsomeordinarypeople.1．performancetalentrealizetheirdreams.Someofthemevencanbecomestarsovernight.Eveniftheycouldnotbecomefamous,thewholeprogresscanalsoenrichtheirlifeexperience,2．canmaketheirlifemorecolorful.What’smore,withpeople’slifegettingbetterandbetter,moreandmorepeoplearenot3．(satisfy)byonlymaterialconditions.Theyareseekingforspiritualand4．(culture)activities.AtthistimeTalentShowProgramscatchtheirattentionandbringthempleasureandfun.However,everycoinhastwo5．(side).Thoughtalentshowprograms6．(true)bringuslotsofpleasure,theyhavecausedmanynegativeeffects,especiallyon7．youth.Forexample,manystudentshavespenttoomuchtimeandmoney8．(watch)variousprograms,which9．(effect)seriouslytheirstudies.What’smore,theprogramsgivethemillusionthateveryonecanbefamousovernight.Allinall,wecannotlivewithoutamusement.Aslongasthetalentshowcouldentertainandinspirit10．(we),thereisgreatsensetoencouragethem.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。MycousinTimispupil、Heisclever,andheisverynaughty、TodayhefailsinhismathandEnglishexam、Gettinghisreport,hewasdeepworried、Hispoorreportwasrequiredtobesignedbyhisfatherathome、Onthewaytohomeanideaappearedonhismind、Hefoundhisfatherwasreadinganewspaperbeforehegothome、Timsaidtohisfatherjokingly,“Dad,canyouwriteyournamewithallofyoureyesshut?”Hisfatherreplied、“Ofcoursenot,mydear、”Andhisfatherdidso、Timwassatisfiedwiththereportalreadysignedbyhisfather、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假如你是李华，你校将于下周五晚八点在体育馆举行一场中国功夫(Kungfu)的表演。你想邀请外教Mic