2024-2025学年八年级上学期英语期末模拟培优卷（译林版+含答案解析）

2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末模拟英语试卷（培优卷）注意事项：1．试卷满分：100分，考试时间：90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。2．请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。4．测试范围：八年级英语上册全册（译林版）。5．考生务必保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束时，将答题卡交回。选择题（共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．—I’vetriedmybest,butIstillfailed.—Don’tloseheart.Youshouldlearnto________theresultandkeeptrying.A．accept B．receive C．record D．prevent2．Beijingismuch________than________citiesinChina.A．bigger;theother B．bigger;anyotherC．biggest;theother D．biggest;anyother3．—DidAuntLibuyaskirtlastSunday?—Sure.Shechose_________oneofthetwogreenskirts.A．lessexpensive B．theleastexpensiveC．thelessexpensive D．themostexpensive4．—Anearthquakehappenedon8thDecember,2023inJiangsuProvince.—Luckily,nohouse________.A．calmeddown B．turneddown C．camedown D．wrotedown5．—Iamsohungry.Eric,doyouhaveanythingtoeat?—IwishIcouldofferyousomecake,butthereis________left.A．none B．nothing C．anything D．something6．PeoplefindthemovieFrozen2quiteexciting.________,thesongsinitarewonderful.A．However B．Otherwise C．Instead D．Moreover7．—Myfamilyliveonthesixthfloorofanoldbuilding.Itisdifficultformygrandmothertogodownstairs.—Goodnewsforyou!Thegovernmentis________aliftintheoldbuildingsofsomecommunities.A．puttingin B．puttingout C．puttingup D．puttingthrough8．—Whyareyousolatetoday？—ThreebuseswentbywithoutstoppingwhileI________atthebusstop.A．amwaiting B．wait C．waited D．waswaiting9．Theteachertoldallofus________somenoteswhilewatchingthebirds.A．nottoforgettotake B．notforgettotakeC．don’tforgettotake D．nottoforgettaking10．—Goodnews!Itwillbe________andourteacherisgoingtoGeGardenwithustomorrow.—Great!Onlyifthereisn’t________.A．sunny;rain B．sunny;rainy C．sun;rain D．sun;rainy11．Whichofthefollowingwordsdoesn’thaveaprefix?A．untidy B．unhealthy C．impossible D．important12．—Willyourfatherbebackhomeat6o’clockthisevening?—Heshould,buthe________not.Sometimeshegoestothegymafterwork.A．can B．must C．need D．may13．Whichofthefollowingsentencestructuresisdifferentfromothers?A．ThecomputerbroughtsometroubletoLinda.B．Amyshowedmesomepicturesofherfamily.C．Ioftenhearsomebirdssinginthepark.D．Myfatherboughtmeatoytrainyesterday.14．ReadtheTangpoemAspringmorning.Itstheme(主题)isabout________.A．history B．sights C．friendship D．festivals15．—Mypetdogdiedyesterday.—________.Iknowhowitfeels.A．That’snottrue B．Nevermind C．Sorrytohearthat D．Bestwishes二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。TherewasatimewhenIhadtocounteverypenny(一分钱)Ispent.Ihadtocountthe16inmyheadwhileshopping.Iwouldstandthereandaddupeachitemoverandover.I17oneChristmasEvewhenIwasshoppingatTraderJoe’s.IstoodbythefridgeandcountedupthecostoftheitemsIwantedtobuy.ThetotalwastoohighandIcouldn’tbuy18.Ilookedateachitemagain,tryingtodecidewhattoputback.Ikepteverythingthateveryoneelseinmyfamilylovedbuthadto19theonethingthatIloved-abagofchickendumplings.Thatbagpushedthetotalovermybudget(预算).Ifeltvery20aboutnotbeingabletopayforitbutitwasnecessary.Thatnight,thedoorbellrang.Itwasstrange21itwasverycoldandlate.Iwenttothedoor,openedit,andfoundbagsoffoodonmyfrontsteps.Nobodywasthere.Onthetopofthefirstbag,Isawthebagofchickendumplings,thesamekindIhadtoputbackafew22before.Icannot23thefeelingoflearningthatevenatmyloneliest,Iwasn’talone.ThefeelingthatImattered,andthegratitude(感激之情)Ifelt.I24don’tknowwholeftallthatfoodonmydoorstep,butIwillneverforgetthatfeeling.ItshowsmethatwhiletheremaynotbearealSantaClaus,therearecertainlyangelsamongus,bringingloveand25totheworld.16．A．cost B．number C．people D．days17．A．report B．choose C．record D．remember18．A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing19．A．putup B．giveup C．getup D．pickup20．A．hopeful B．happy C．sad D．shy21．A．when B．if C．since D．because22．A．hours B．weeks C．months D．days23．A．understand B．accept C．decorate D．describe24．A．just B．still C．already D．almost25．A．kindness B．darkness C．richness D．loneliness三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）请认真阅读下列材料,从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAreyouthinkingaboutwhattodoinyourfreetime?Comeandjoinus—YouthClub!Joininlessonsandactivities.It’sfun!Formoreinformation,call34789256!LessonsActivitiesMonday—Friday6:00p.m.—7:30p.m.ComputerlessonsforbeginnersSaturdayandSunday8:00a.m.—9:00p.m.BasketballandvolleyballplaygroundsopenMondayandWednesday7:30p.m.—9:30p.m.DancelessonsfordancerloversYoucanlearnandenjoywonderfuldancesMonday—SundaySwimmingpoolopenTuesday,ThursdayandFriday6:30p.m.—7:30p.m.CookinglessonsLearntocookdeliciousdishesfromalloverChinaThesecondandlastSaturdaysofeverymonth7:00p.m.—9:30p.m.ConcerttimeEnjoySwedishrock(摇滚),Americanjazzandbeautifulsongsfromdifferentpartsoftheworld!26．Onwhichofthefollowingdayscan’tyouhavecomputerlessons?A．OnMonday. B．OnWednesday. C．OnFriday. D．OnSunday.27．Howoftencanyouenjoymusicintheclub?A．Twiceamonth. B．Twiceaweek.C．Fourtimesamonth. D．Fivedaysaweek.28．Ifyouwanttoknowthecostofthelessons,youcan_________togettheinformation.A．call34789256B．onlygototheclubC．useWeChatD．sendane-mailBSomeresearchers(研究人员)saytheyhavedevelopedaskin-likematerialthatbehavesliketheskinofachameleon.Itcanchangecolourstolooklikeitssurroundings(周围).Thesechangesarecontrolledbyitsheatersmadeofverysmallwires(电线).“Ifyouwearforest-colouredclothinginthedesert,youcaneasilybeseen,”oneoftheresearcherssaid.“Changingcoloursactivelywithyoursurroundingsiscentraltothetechnology.”Theresearchersshowedthetechnologywithachameleon-shapedrobotwhose“skin”wasmadeofthenewmaterial.Inthetest,therobotwalkedonred,blueandgreenfloors.Itchangeditscolourtolooklikethesurroundingsatonce.Oneoftheresearchersexplainedhowthematerialworked,“Thesensors(传感器)ofthematerialcan‘see’thecolouraround.Whentheyfindcolourinformation,theypassittotheheaters.Thentheheaterswillreachacertaintemperatureandcausethematerialtochangeitscolour.”Thoughthematerialismadeofmanyparts,itstotalthicknessislessthanahundredmicrometres.Inotherwords,itisthinnerthanaperson’shair.Itcanbeusednotonlyinclothingbutalsoontheoutsideofcarsandbuildings.29．Whatcantheskin-likematerialdo?A．Itcanchangetemperature. B．Itcanchangecolours.C．Itcanrepairbyitself. D．Itcanchangeshapes.30．What’stherightorderofthematerialchangingitscolour?①Theheatersworktoacertaintemperatureandthematerialchangesitscolour.②Thesensorsofthematerialseethecolouraround.③Thesensorspassthecolourinformationtotheheaters.A．①②③ B．①③② C．②③① D．②①③31．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Sometimesit’shardforthematerialtochangewithsurroundings.B．Thematerialismuchthickerthanaperson’shair.C．Peoplecan’tseetherobotinclothesmadeofthematerial.D．Thematerialcanbeusedontheoutsideofcarsandbuildings.CLightingisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena(现象).Itisalsooneofthemostdeadlyphenomena.Aboltoflightningissixtimeshotterthanthesurface(表面)oftheSunandgivesout30,000ampsofelectricity(电).Itcantravelat100,000kilometersperhourandhastheabilitytohitatargetupto40kilometersaway.About1,000peoplearoundtheworldarekilledbylightningeveryday.Onlyabouttenpercentofpeoplestruckbylighteningwilldie,buttheothersareverybadlyinjured(受伤的),withburns,brokenbones,blindness,deafness,paralysis,ormemoryloss.However,whentheelectricitypassesthroughtheirbrain,itcanoccasionallyhaveunusualandevenpositiveeffects.Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning.Onewomansaidapsychologicaltestshowedherintelligence(智力)hadgreatlyimproved,andonemansaidhecouldnolongerfeelcoldatallandcouldgooutintemperaturebelowfreezinginjustaT-shirt!Sowhatshouldyoudotostaysafeinathunderstorm?Themostimportantruleistostayinside,butdonotgonearphones,electricalappliances,plumbing,orwater.Ifyouarestuckoutside,donottakeshelterunderatree.Instead,rollyourselfupintoaballonthegroundassmallaspossible.Anddonotthinkithastoberaininginorderforlightningtostrike.Strangely,lightningseemstoprefersomepeopletoothers.Ifyouareaman,youaresixtimesmorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanawoman!32．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“positiveeffects”inParagraph2possiblymean?A．somethinggoodB．somethinguselessC．somethingusefulD．somethingbad33．Inordertostaysafeinathunderstorm,youshould________.a.stayinside

b.rollupintoaball

c.takeshelterunderatree

d.stayawayfromwaterA．abc B．bcd C．abd D．abc34．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A．Lightningisabeautifulbutdangerousphenomenon.B．Mostpeoplestruckbylightningwillactuallydie.C．Lightningcantravelat10,000kilometersperhour.D．Awomanismorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanaman.35．ThewriterusestheexamplesofamanandawomaninParagraph2to________.A．showlightningisverydangeroustohumanbeingsB．makethereaderswanttoknowmoreaboutlightningC．helppeopleknowlightningwillsurelyimprovetheirintelligenceD．provesomethingsurprising,interestingmayhappenbecauseoflightningDEnvironmentalprotectionisoneofthehottesttopicsnowadays.Itwasalsosomethingthatancient(古代的)Chinesepaidgreatattentionto.Infact,theworld’searliestenvironmentalprotectionidea,ministry(政府的部)andlawwereallborninChina.HowdidtheancientChineseprotecttheenvironment?Theworld’searliestideaof“managingstateaffairs(治国)throughenvironmentalprotection”Xunzi,afamousthinkerintheWarringStatesPeriod,cameupwiththeideaof“managingstateaffairsthroughenvironmentalprotection”.Hewroteinhisbookthatplantsshouldbeprotectedwellbyhumans.GuanZhong,agovernmentofficer400yearsaheadofXunzi,wasalsoanenvironmentalprotectionexpert.Hesaid“akingwhocannotprotecthisplantsisnotdoingagoodjob”.____________NineministriessetupbyShun,anancientChineseemperor,included“Yu”,anenvironmentalprotectionministry.Thefirst“Yu”leaderwasBoyi,anenvironmentalprotectionexpert.Heinventedwellssopeoplecoulddrinkcleanwater.Heknewalotaboutanimalsandalsocalledforanimalprotection.Theworld’searliest“environmentalprotectionlaw”Over4,000yearsago,Dayu,anancientChinesewater-controlexpertandalsoanemperor,madearule,notallowingpeopletocutdowntreesinMarchorcatchfishinJune,becauseitwasthetimewhentheygrewquickly.Almost3,000yearsago,Tianlu,thefirstenvironmentalprotectionlaw,appearedinQin.Itrecordedmanyancientenvironmentalprotectionrules.Twoofthemwereinteresting:firstly,makesurethatriversrunsmoothly;secondly,grassandtreesshouldbeburnedtobefertilizer(肥料)onlyinsummer.Thesecondoneishelpfulevenfortoday.Itcanhelptokeepaircleanandfresh.36．Whatisthepurposeoffirstparagraph?A．Todrawaconclusion(总结). B．Toshowanexample.C．Togivethereasons. D．Tointroducethetopic.37．Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletobeontheline________?A．Theworld’searliestideaof“animalprotectionministry”B．Theworld’searliest“environmentalprotectionleadersandexperts”C．Theworld’searliest“environmentalprotectionministry”D．Theworld’searliest“animalprotectionleadersandexperts”38．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Thefirstenvironmentalprotectionlaw,appearedinQin.B．Plantsshouldn’tbeburnedinspring.C．Boyiimproveddrinkingwaterqualityandaskedpeopletoprotectanimals.D．GuanZhongwroteinhisbookthatvegetationshouldbeprotectedwellbyhumans.39．Whydidn’tDayuallowpeopletocutdowntreesinMarchorcatchfishinJune?A．Becausepeoplecanonlygetwoodandfishattherighttime.B．Becauseitwasthetimewhentheygrewslowly.C．BecausetheyareagainstthelawmadebyDayu.D．BecauseDayuisawater-controlexpertandalsoanemperor.40．Whichofthefollowingwebsitesmaythearticlebefrom________?A． B．C． D．非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。41．Thoseboatsareoneofthe________inthevillage.(渔民)42．________youfeeluncomfortable,haveagoodrestathomethen.(既然)43．Thelowesttemperature________belowzeroyesterdaymorning.(下降)44．Everythingis________ifyouputyourheartintoit.(可能的)45．HelikeslivinginKunmingbecausethetemperatureisofteninthe________.（二十）B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。46．Hehadtwoweeksoffbecauseof________.(ill)47．It’smuch________thisyearthanlastyear.(snow)48．Whatwasthe________ofXiWangatbirth?(weigh）49．Wearetoobusy________forourteamtowritethereport.(cheer)50．________,someclimbershelpedSimonandhewassafe.(lucky)C）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题号的横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。keepsgrowing

Becauseof

falls

However

ishometoElephantsarethelargestofalllandanimals.51,therearenotmanyofthemleftintheworld.Today,theearth52threespecies(种)ofelephants:theAfricanbushelephant,theAfricanforestelephantandtheAsianelephant.WorldElephantDay53onAug.12everyyear.Itcallsonpeopletocaremoreabouttheanimal.InChina,theAsianelephantisafirst-classprotectedwildanimal.TheanimalmainlylivesinYunnan.54China’shardwork,thenumberofelephantsinChinarosetoabout300bytheendof2021.Inthepast10years,thenumberhasrisenbyabout100,ChinaDailyreported.Andthenumber55.Chinahasmadeagreathomeforelephants.五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分）A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。ACloudismadeofwaterdropsoricecrystalsfloating(漂浮)inthesky.Therearemanykindsofcloud.CloudsareveryimportanttoEarth’sweather.Theskycanbefullofwater.Butmostofthetimeyoucan’tseethewater.Thedropsofwateraretoosmalltosee.Theyhaveturnedintoagascalledwatervapor(水蒸气).Asthewatervaporgoeshighinthesky,theairgoescool.Thecooleraircausesthewaterdroplets(微滴)tosticktothingslikedust(粉尘),iceorseasalt.Cloudsgettheirnamesintwoways.Onewayisbywheretheyarefoundinthesky.Somecloudsarehighupinthesky.LowcloudsformclosertoEarth’ssurface.Infact,lowcloudscaneventouchtheground.Thesecloudsarecalledfog.Middlecloudsarefoundbetweenlowandhighclouds.Anotherwaycloudsarenamedisbytheirshape.Cirrusclouds(卷云)arehighclouds.Theylooklikefeathers.Cumulusclouds(积雨云)aremiddleclouds.Theseclouds(层云)looklikegiantcottonballsinthesky.Stratuscloudsarelowclouds.Theycovertheskylikebedsheets.Mostofthewaterincloudsisinverysmalldroplets.Thedropletsarenotheavysotheycanfloatintheair.Sometimesthosedropletsjoinwithotherdroplets.Thentheyturnintolargerdrops(水珠).Whenthathappens,gravity(重力)causesthemtofalltotheEarth.Wecallthefallingwaterdropsrain.Whentheairiscolder,thewatermayform(形成)snowflakesinstead.Cloudsareimportantinourdailylife.Atnight,cloudsreflect(反射)heatandkeepthegroundwarmer.Duringtheday,cloudsmakeshadethatcankeepuscooler.StudyingcloudshelpspeoplehaveabetterunderstandingofEarth’sweather.WhatAreClouds?IntroductionCloudsareofgreat56importancetoEarth’sweather.WaysofformingcloudsSmalldropsofwaterturnintoagascalledwatervapor.Asthewatervapor57inthesky,theairgoescool.Thecoolerairfinallycausesthesmallwaterdropstoformclouds.58ofcloudsHighclouds,middlecloudsandlowcloudsgettheirnamesthroughtheir

59.Whenlotsoflowcloudstouchtheground,theweatherwillbe60.Accordingtotheirshape,cloudsalsohavethreenames.Cirruscloudslooklikefeatherswhilestratuscloudsarelikebedsheets.ThoselikegiantcottonballsarecalledCumulusclouds.DifferentformsSmalland61dropletsfloatintheair.Iftheyjoinwitheachother,theywillturnintolargerdrops.GravitymakeslargerdropsfalldowntoEarth.Thenlargerdropsturnintofallingwaterdropscalled62.Whenthetemperatureintheairgets63,snowflakesmayform.64forstudyingcloudsCloudscancauserain,snowandsoon.Cloudsareimportantforpeople’sdailylife.Studyingthemcanhelppeoplebetter65Earth’sweather.B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。Theartofblowingsugarisanimportantpartoftheintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产).Ithasalongh66ofmorethan600years.XiongChuanfa,34yearsold,hasbeenworkingonblowingsugarfigurines(小塑像)formorethantwentyyears.Hesaiditlookseasy,butit’sveryd67tomastertheskill.Doyouknowh68tomakesugarfigurines?Herearethreesteps.First,theartistheats(加热)thesyrup(糖浆)toahight69about140°C．Next,hepulls(拉)offasmallpieceandmakesitintoaballwithanopencenter,andthenpresses(按压)theopenareatogetherandstretches(拉伸)ittoformatube(管子).F70,heblowsairintothetubeandmakesitintodifferentshapes.Everymorning,Xionggetsupearlytopreparethemolten(溶化的)syrupanddrivestostarthis“magicshow”aroundhiscity.Manypeopleareinterestedinit,especiallylittlec71.Whenheblewacutepuppyoutofmoltenmaltoseinjustminutes,manykidslookedcarefullyathimwithgreati72,thinkinghewasamagician(魔术师).Hehopesthisspecialartcanletpeoplef73itsbeauty.HealsohopestohelpthemlearnmoreabouttheChinesetraditionalc74.Xiongsaid,“SugarpaintingsandsugarfigurinesarechildhoodmemoriesofseveralgenerationsofChinesepeople.”Healsosaid,“Iwillk75workinghardandspendtherestofmylifehelpingpassonthisintangibleculturalheritage.”六、书面表达（满分25分）76．社团活动是校园生活中不可或缺的一部分，它能够丰富学生课余生活、促进个性发展。学校社团正在招募新学期的成员，假如你是李华，请在以下两个社团中选择一个参加并用英语写一篇宣传稿，介绍该社团活动的具体情况，谈一谈你选择该社团的原因以及你对该社团的建议。WildAnimalsClubSportsClubTime:from3p.m.to5p.m.onTuesdayPlace:intheartroomActivities:collectinformation;makeposters;letmorepeopleknow...Time:from3p.m.to5p.m.onFridayPlace:intheplaygroundActivities:playdifferentballgames;havematches;learnsomesportsskillsYourreason:helptheanimalsindangerlearnmoreaboutnatureYouradvice(建议)：...Yourreason:begoodforhealth;learntoworkasateamYouradvice(建议)：...要求：1．所写内容必须包括表格里的所有信息，可适当发挥：2．词数不少于80词，开头已给出，不计入总词数；3．不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等信息。Therearesomanyinterestingclubsinourschool.AndIwouldliketojointhe________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．A【详解】句意：——我已经尽力了，但还是失败了。——别灰心。你应该学会接受结果并继续努力。考查动词辨析。accept接受；receive收到；record记录；prevent预防。根据“theresultandkeeptrying”可推知，是指接受结果。故选A。2．A【详解】句意：北京比中国其他城市都大得多。考查形容词的比较级、代词的辨析。根据关键词than可知，本句是比较级形式，big的比较级形式为bigger，此外，这里theothercities是指除北京之外的其他城市；anyothercity指除北京以外的任何城市，但是anyother后加单数。故选A。3．C【详解】试题分析：句意：李阿姨上周日买了裙子吗？肯定，她选了两条绿裙子中较便宜的那条。两者中的比较，故用比较级；而且句中特指的那条裙子，故要用定冠词the，thelessexpensive较便宜的；故选C。考点：考查形容词比较级。4．C【详解】句意：——2023年12月8日，江苏省发生了地震。——幸运的是，没有房子倒塌。考查动词短语辨析。calmdown镇定，冷静下来；turndown关小；comedown倒塌；writedown写下来。根据“Anearthquakehappenedon8thDecember,2023”可知，此处是指没有房子倒塌。故选C。5．A【详解】句意：——我很饿，Eric，你有什么吃的吗？——我希望我能给你一些蛋糕，但是没有剩下的了。考查不定代词辨析。none没什么；nothing没什么东西；anything任何事；something一些事。根据“IwishIcouldofferyousomecake,but...”可知but表转折，希望有，但是没有了，排除C和D。none用来回答Howmany、Howmuch的疑问句，而nothing用来回答What的疑问句，此处着重于数量，用none。故选A。6．D【详解】句意：人们发现电影《冰雪奇缘2》很令人兴奋。此外，里面的歌曲也很棒。考查副词辨析。However然而；Otherwise否则；Instead相反；Moreover此外。分析前句“PeoplefindthemovieFrozen2quiteexciting.”和后句“thesongsinitarewonderful.”可知，空处的词是引出另一个情况，以作补充，故应用moreover“此外”。故选D。7．A【详解】句意：——我家住在一栋老楼的六楼。我奶奶很难下楼。——告诉你个好消息！政府正在为一些社区的旧建筑安装电梯。考查动词短语辨析。putin做补充；putout扑灭；putup张贴；putthrough接通。根据“Thegovernmentis...aliftintheoldbuildingsofsomecommunities.”可知，在旧建筑里安装电梯，故选A。8．D【详解】句意：——你今天为什么怎么晚？——当我正在公交车站等车的时候，有三辆车经过但都没有停。考查动词时态。amwaiting正在等，现在进行时态；wait动词原形；waited是过去式，一般过去时态；waswaiting过去进行时。根据对话的意思可知，等车是过去发生的事情，并且这里表示“正在等车的时候有三辆车经过但都没有停。”故应用过去进行时，选D。9．A【详解】句意：老师告诉我们当观察鸟的时候，不要忘记记笔记。考查动词不定式。tellsb.(not)todosth.意为“告诉某人（不）做某事”。forgettodosth.意为“忘记去做某事”。故选A。10．A【详解】句意：——好消息！明天将是晴天，我们的老师明天和我们一起去个园。——太好了！只要明天不下雨。考查天气类名词及形容词。sunny晴朗的，形容词；sun太阳，名词；rain雨，名词；rainy有雨的，形容词。根据“Itwillbe”和”Goodnews!“可知，好天气是个好消息，be动词后接形容词，所以填sunny；根据“thereisn’t”可知，therebe后接名词，所以填rain。故选A。11．D【详解】句意：下列哪个单词没有前缀？考查构词法。untidy不整洁的，un-否定前缀；unhealthy不健康的，un-否定前缀；impossible不可能的，im-否定前缀；important重要的，无前缀。故选D。12．D【详解】句意：——爸爸今晚6点会回家吗？——他应该，但可能不会。有时他下班后去体育馆。考查情态动词。can可以；must必须；need需要；may可能。根据“but”表转折及“Sometimeshegoestothegymafterwork.”可知，他可能不会在6点回家，空处表示可能性推测，用may表示。故选D。13．C【详解】句意：下列哪一种句子结构与其他句子不同？考查句子结构。选项C是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”结构，其它三个句子都是“主语+谓语+双宾语”结构。故选C。14．B【详解】句意：阅读唐诗《春晓》。它的主题是关于风景。考查常识和名词辨析。history历史；sights风景；friendship友谊；festivals节日。根据诗歌内容“ThisspringmorninginbedI’mlying.NotwakeuptillIhearbirdscrying.Afteronenightofwindandshowers.Howmanyarethefallenflowers!”可知，《春晓》这首诗是描述风景的，故选B。15．C【详解】句意：——我的宠物狗昨天死了。——很遗憾听到这个消息。我知道那种感受。考查情景交际。That’snotture那不是真的；Nevermind没关系；Sorrytohearthat很遗憾听到这个消息；Bestwishes最好的祝福。根据“Mypetdogdiedyesterday.”可知，对方的宠物狗死了，对此消息应感到遗憾。故选C。16．A17．D18．B19．B20．C21．D22．A23．D24．B25．A【导语】本文讲述了作者有段时间过得很拮据，有一年平安夜有人在她门前留下了几袋食物就离开了，作者深受感动，她认为虽然没有真的圣诞老人，但是我们身边真的有天使。16．句意：购物时，我不得不在脑子里数成本。cost成本；number数量；people人们；days天。根据“TherewasatimewhenIhadtocounteverypenny(一分钱)Ispent.”可知，购物时会计算成本。故选A。17．句意：我记得有一个圣诞节前夕我在TraderJoe’s购物。report报道；choose选择；record记录；remember记得。根据“whenIwasshoppingatTraderJoe’s.”可知，是记得购物这件事。故选D。18．句意：总数太高了我无法全部都买。something某物；everything所有；anything任何事情；nothing没有东西。根据“Ilookedateachitemagain,tryingtodecidewhattoputback.”可知，是表达无法全部都买。故选B。19．句意：我保留了家里其他人都喜欢的东西但不得不放弃一件我喜欢的东西——一袋鸡肉饺子。putup张贴；giveup放弃；getup起床；pickup拿起。根据“Thatbagpushedthetotalovermybudget(预算).”可知，是放弃了这袋。故选B。20．句意：我为无法支付而感到非常难过但这是必要的。hopeful有希望的；happy高兴的；sad难过的；shy害羞的。根据“notbeingabletopayforitbutitwasnecessary”可知，买不起必要的东西作者应该是感觉到难过。故选C。21．句意：这很奇怪因为天气又冷又晚。when当……时；if如果；since自从；because因为。根据“itwasverycoldandlate.”可知，这里解释奇怪的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。22．句意：在第一个袋子的顶部，我看到了那袋鸡肉饺子，就是我几个小时前不得不放回去的那种。hours小时；weeks星期；months月；days天。根据“Thatnight,thedoorbellrang.”可知，就是当天晚上有人放了那袋鸡肉饺子。故选A。23．句意：我无法描述即使在最孤独的时候我并不孤单的感觉。understand理解；accept接受；decorate装饰；describe描述。根据“thefeelingoflearningthatevenatmyloneliest,Iwasn’talone.”可知，作者是无法描述这种感觉。故选D。24．句意：我仍然不知道是谁把所有的食物都放在我家门口，但我永远不会忘记那种感觉。just只是；still仍然；already已经；almost几乎。根据“I...don’tknowwholeftallthatfoodonmydoorstep”可知，是仍然不知道。故选B。25．句意：它告诉我虽然可能没有真正的圣诞老人，但我们中间肯定有天使，为世界带来爱和善良。kindness善良；darkness黑暗；richness财富；loneliness孤独。根据“therearecertainlyangelsamongus”可知，天使应该是带来善良。故选A。26．D27．A28．A【导语】本文是青年俱乐部的课程和活动。26．细节理解题。根据“Monday—Friday6:00p.m.—7:30p.m.Computerlessonsforbeginners”可知电脑课在周一到周五提供，周日没有电脑课。故选D。27．细节理解题。根据“ThesecondandlastSaturdaysofeverymonth7:00p.m.—9:30p.m.Concerttime”可知，每月的第二个和最后一个星期六有音乐会，因此每月可以欣赏两次音乐。故选A。28．细节理解题。根据“Formoreinformation,call34789256!”可知，想了解课程费用可以拨打电话34789256。故选A。29．B30．C31．D【导语】本文讲述了研究人员开发了一种类似皮肤的材料，它可以改变颜色以匹配其周围环境。29．细节理解题。根据“Itcanchangecolourstolooklikeitssurroundings(周围).”可知，研究人员开发的这种类似皮肤的材料可以改变颜色以匹配其周围环境，故选B。30．细节理解题。根据“Thesensors(传感器)ofthematerialcan‘see’thecolouraround.Whentheyfindcolourinformation,theypassittotheheaters.Thentheheaterswillreachacertaintemperatureandcausethematerialtochangeitscolour.”可知，材料的颜色变化过程是：传感器“看到”周围的颜色，然后将颜色信息传递给加热器，加热器达到一定温度后材料改变颜色，因此顺序是②③①，故选C。31．细节理解题。根据“Itcanbeusednotonlyinclothingbutalsoontheoutsideofcarsandbuildings.”可知，材料可以用于汽车和建筑物的外部，故选D。32．A33．C34．A35．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了闪电、被闪电击中的一些有趣现象已经如何防止雷击。32．词句猜测题。根据下文“Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning.Onewomansaidapsychologicaltestshowedherintelligence( 智力 )hadgreatlyimproved,andonemansaidhecouldnolongerfeelcoldatallandcouldgooutintemperaturebelowfreezinginjustaT-shirt!”可知，当电流通过他们的大脑时，它偶尔会产生不寻常甚至积极的影响，所以划线词的含义是“积极的影响”。故选A。33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Themostimportantruleistostayinside,butdonotgonearphones,electricalappliances,plumbing,orwater.”以及“Instead,rollyourselfupintoaballonthegroundassmallaspossible.”可知，为了在雷雨中保持安全，你应该待在室内、卷成一个球或者远离水。故选C。34．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lightingisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena(现象).Itisalsooneofthemostdeadlyphenomena.”可知，闪电是一种美丽但危险的现象。故选A。35．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Onewomansaidapsychologicaltestshowedherintelligence(智力)hadgreatlyimproved,andonemansaidhecouldnolongerfeelcoldatallandcouldgooutintemperaturebelowfreezinginjustaT-shirt!”可知，女人说她的智力有很大的提高和一个男人说他再也不会感觉冷，可推断被闪电击中可能会带来了一些令人惊奇的事。故选D。36．D37．C38．D39．A40．B【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代最早的环保理念、环保部门以及环保法律。36．推理判断题。根据“HowdidtheancientChineseprotecttheenvironment?”可知，第一段的目的是通过一个问题引出文章的主题。故选D。37．推理判断题。根据“NineministriessetupbyShun,anancientChineseemperor,included‘Yu’,anenv