01 人与自我(一)-生活与学习 B卷(解析版)

2024年中考英语新课标话题综合突破01-人与自我(一)----生活与学习(B卷)本系列按照新课标主题内容要求的三大范畴—“人与自我”、“人与社会”“人与自然”8大主题群精选全国各地2024年最新模拟试题。每个主题群有A、B两套练习。A套难度适中；B套难度相对较高。每套练习包括完形填空(2篇)、阅读理解(4篇)、任务型阅读(1篇)、短文填空(2篇)、书面表达(2篇)。完形填空A(2024·广东广州·一模)Lastyear,Iwasallowedtogivestudentsonlineclassesathome.Acomfortablehomeoffice,andgettingawayfromthecrowdedsubwaywasvery1tome.Icouldn’twaittobea2womanandthingsdidgowellforthefirstfewweeks.However,the3ofworkingathomesoonshowedup.Istartedmydaywithawonderfulplan.Ipromisedmyselftohavequickbreakseveryonehourandregular4everyday.Yetmountainsofhomeworktobechecked,non-stoptextmessagesfromparents,andonlinemeetingstiedmetomycomputeralldaylong.Alltheseleftmelittletimeto5.Shorttalkswithothersduringbreaksandquickwalksafterluncharoundmyhomebuildingwereallgone.Finally,myworldwaswithinthewallsofmyhome,andIonlywalkedafewmetersratherthankilometers.Oneday,Itried6oneofmyfavoritedressesanditcouldn’tpassthroughmybodyatall.WhenIlookedatmyselfinthemirror,Isawa7personwithextraweight,messyhair,insteadofapersonwhoenjoyedthetimeathome.The8ofworkandpersonallifemademelikeamachinethatneverstopsworking.Thisexperienceallowedmetodiscovermytrueself.Ineededachange,notjustformy9,buttoputmyhealthatthefirstplace.ImadeapromisetomyselfagainthatIwould10myworkandmybody.Mylifeshouldbeonahealthierway.1．A．attractive B．surprising C．challenging D．interesting2．A．happy B．good C．true D．friendly3．A．advantages B．solutions C．problems D．expectations4．A．exercise B．breakfast C．shower D．sleep5．A．reply B．relax C．return D．read6．A．cleaningup B．throwingaway C．puttingon D．gettingback7．A．lazy B．tired C．rude D．mad8．A．mix B．success C．exchange D．value9．A．luck B．experience C．duty D．weight10．A．balance B．trust C．serve D．test【答案】1-5AACAB6-10CBADA【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在家给学生上网课所遇到的一些问题以及作者下定决心作出改变，重新控制自己的生活和身体的故事。【小题1】句意：一个舒适的家庭办公室，远离拥挤的地铁对我来说非常有吸引力。attractive吸引人的；surprising令人惊讶的；challenging富于挑战性的；interesting有趣的。根据“Acomfortablehomeoffice,andgettingawayfromthecrowdedsubway”可知，舒适的家庭办公室，以及远离拥挤的公共交通，这些都是很吸引人的。故选A。【小题2】句意：我迫不及待地想成为一个幸福的女人，在最初的几个星期里，一切都很顺利。happy快乐的，幸福的；good好的；true真实的；friendly友好的。根据“Icouldn’twaittobea...woman”可知，不需要挤公交，在家有舒适的办公环境，所以此处是指作者想迫不及待地成为一个快乐的女人。故选A。【小题3】句意：然而，在家工作的问题很快就出现了。advantages优势；solutions解决办法；problems问题；expectations期望。根据下文“Yetmountainsofhomeworktobechecked,non-stoptextmessagesfromparents,andonlinemeetingstiedmetomycomputeralldaylong.”可知，此处是指居家办公的问题出现了。故选C。【小题4】句意：我答应自己每隔一小时就休息一下，每天定期锻炼。exercise锻炼；breakfast早餐；shower洗澡；sleep睡眠。结合上文“havequickbreaks”可知，作者原计划每天快速休息，还要进行锻炼，结果事与愿违，根本没有时间锻炼身体。故选A。【小题5】句意：所有这些都让我没有时间放松。reply回复；relax放松；return回来；read阅读。根据上文“Yetmountainsofhomeworktobechecked,non-stoptextmessagesfromparents,andonlinemeetingstiedmetomycomputeralldaylong.”可知，堆积如山的作业要批改，没完没了的来自父母的短信，以及在线会议把我整天都绑在电脑前，所以此处是指作者没有时间去放松自己。故选B。【小题6】句意：有一天，我试着穿上我最喜欢的一件裙子；结果，我根本穿不进去。cleaningup清理；throwingaway扔掉；puttingon穿上；gettingback取回。根据下文“itcouldn’tpassthroughmybodyatall”可知，此处是指作者想试着穿一件裙子。故选C。【小题7】句意：当我照镜子时，我看到的是一个体重超标、头发凌乱、疲惫不堪的人，而不是一个享受在家时光的人。lazy懒惰的；tired疲倦的；rude粗鲁的；mad生气的。根据下文“mademelikeamachinethatneverstopsworking”可知，作者就像一台永不停歇的机器，负担重，疲惫不堪。故选B。【小题8】句意：工作和个人生活的混合使我像一台永不停止工作的机器。mix混合；success成功；exchange交换；value价值。根据第二段“workingathome”和下文“workandpersonallife”可知，作者在家里工作，工作和个人生活是混合在一起的。故选A。【小题9】句意：我需要改变，不仅仅是为了我的体重，而是把我的健康放在第一位。luck运气；experience经历；duty义务；weight体重。根据上文“Isawa…personwithextraweight,”可知，此处是指作者长胖了，体重增加了；现在想要作出改变，要控制体重。故选D。【小题10】句意：我再次向自己承诺，我会平衡好工作和身体。balance平衡；trust信任；serve服务；test测试。根据下文“Mylifeshouldbeonahealthierway.”可知，此处是指作者下定决心要注意工作和身体健康的均衡，这样作者的生活才会朝着更健康的方向发展。故选A。B(2024·浙江·一模)Websteralwayslovedtorun,evenwhenhewasveryyoung.Runninggavehim1,makinghimfeellikehecoulddoanything.Althoughhecouldrunfarandhecouldrunfast,theotherboys2seemedtobelieveinhim.WhenWebstergrewolder,hevisitedavolcano(火山)calledElMisti,whichisabout1,000metersbelowthetallestvolcanoontheearth.Astheboy3atthevolcano,hemadeadecisiontogettothetopofit.Heimaginedwhatitwouldbe4torunallthewaytothetop.Thiswashischancetobecomearealrunner,likehealways5hewouldbe.Earlythenextmorning,hebeganhislongjourney.Heranandranandneverstopped.Heranallthewaythroughaseaofsand6hereachedthevolcano.Ashemadehiswayup,hisbodyached,buthedidn’tstop.7,thepeak(顶峰)ofthevolcanowaswithintheboy’ssight.Hisheartwasfilledwith8!Heranfasterandpushedfarther,buteverytimehethoughthewasgetting9,itwasanotherclimbaway,anothercorner,anotherimpossiblysteepslope(陡坡).“Theotherboyswere10.I’llneverbearealrunner,”theboycried.Butashelookeddownatthecitylightsbelow,hesawhowfarhehadalreadycome.He11thatifhecouldjustputonefootinfrontoftheother,forjustalittlelonger,hecouldmakeit.He12againandclimbedhiswayuptothepeak.Ashestoodabovethecities,abovethedesertsintheclouds,hefeltasenseof13forbelievinginhimselfandaccomplishingwhatnooneelsethoughthecould.Atthattime,Websterreallyunderstood14wasimpossibleifyoucouldtryyourbest.Hemightbeshortandhemightbesmallbuthewasa15runner.Healwayswas.1．A．luck B．beauty C．pleasure D．courage2．A．often B．never C．always D．sometimes3．A．lookedup B．lookeddown C．lookedaround D．lookedback4．A．like B．with C．against D．about5．A．dreamed B．decided C．worried D．caught6．A．unless B．until C．since D．when7．A．Actually B．Recently C．Suddenly D．Finally8．A．love B．anger C．regret. D．excitement9．A．faster B．slower C．closer D．farther10．A．tall B．small C．right D．impolite11．A．saw B．doubted C．realized D．suggested12．A．cried B．ran C．visited D．planned13．A．pride B．pain C．fear D．trouble14．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything15．A．free B．real C．kind D．weak【答案】1-5DBAAA5-10BDDCC15-20CBAAB【解析】本文的主旨是通过坚持和努力，人们可以克服困难，实现自己的梦想，并证明他人的质疑是错误的。韦伯斯特的故事展示了信念的力量，即使面对看似不可能的挑战，也能通过不屈不挠的精神达成目标。【小题1】句意：跑步给了他勇气，让他觉得自己无所不能。luck运气；beauty美丽；pleasure快乐；courage勇气。根据“makinghimfeellikehecoulddoanything.”可知，跑步给了韦伯斯特勇气。故选D。【小题2】句意：其他男孩似乎从不相信他。often经常；never从不；always总是；sometimes有时。根据“Althoughhecouldrunfarandhecouldrunfast”可知，前后为让步关系，故空格句说的是但其他的孩子从不相信他。故选B。【小题3】句意：当男孩抬头看着火山时，他决定爬到山顶上去。lookedup向上看；lookeddown向下看；lookedaround环顾四周；lookedback回头。根据常识可知，韦伯斯特参观火山，应该是抬头看火山。故选A。【小题4】句意：他想象着一路跑到山顶会是什么样子。like像；with和；against反对；about关于。本句考查Whatwoulditbeliketodosth？用来表达对某件事情的想象或好奇。故选A。【小题5】句意：这是他成为一名真正的跑步者的机会，就像他一直梦想的那样。dreamed梦想；decided决定；worried担心；caught抓住。根据“Thiswashischancetobecomearealrunner”可知，成为一名真正的跑步者是他的梦想。故选A。【小题6】句意：他一路跑过一片沙海，直到到达火山。unless除非；until直到；since自；when当。根据“Heranandranandneverstopped.”可知，韦伯斯特一直跑到火山。故选B。【小题7】句意：终于，小男孩看到了火山的顶峰。Actually实际上；Recently最近；Suddenly突然；Finally最后。前文“Ashemadehiswayup,hisbodyached,buthedidn’tstop.”小男孩在爬山，这里说的是他终于看到了火山的顶峰。故选D。【小题8】句意：他的心里充满了兴奋。love爱；anger愤怒；regret后悔；excitement兴奋。看到了火山的顶峰，心里肯定充满了兴奋。故选D。【小题9】句意：但每当他觉得自己越来越近的时候，又要爬另一段距离，又一个拐角，又一个不可思议的陡坡。faster快的；slower慢的；closer更接近的；farther更远的。根据空格后的句子“itwasanotherclimbaway,anothercorner,anotherimpossiblysteepslope(陡坡).”可知，自己认为感觉更近时，又要爬另一段距离。故选C。【小题10】句意：其他男孩说得对。tall高；small小；right正确的；impolite不礼貌的。首段末尾谈到了其他的孩子从不相信他跑得快、跑得远，这时他有点灰心丧气，哭着想承认其他男孩说得对。故选C。【小题11】句意：他意识到，如果他能把一只脚放在另一只脚的前面，只要多走一会儿，他就能成功。saw看到；doubted怀疑；realized意识到；suggested建议。结合选项可知，后文内容“ifhecouldjustputonefootinfrontoftheother,forjustalittlelonger,hecouldmakeit.”是他意识到的。故选C。【小题12】句意：他又跑了起来，爬上了山顶。cried哭；ran跑；visited参观；planned计划。根据“climbedhiswayuptothepeak.”可知，现在他又跑了起来。故选B。【小题13】句意：当他站在城市之上，云层之上的沙漠之上时，他感到一种自豪感，因为他相信自己，完成了别人认为他做不到的事情。pride骄傲；pain疼痛；fear恐惧；trouble麻烦。根据“believinginhimselfandaccomplishingwhatnooneelsethoughthecould.”可知，他感到骄傲。故选A。【小题14】句意：在那个时候，韦伯斯特真的明白，如果你能尽最大努力，没有什么是不可能的。nothing没有什么；anything任何东西；something某物；everything一切。根据“Ashestoodabovethecities,abovethedesertsintheclouds,hefeltasenseofprideforbelievinginhimselfandaccomplishingwhatnooneelsethoughthecould.”可知，在韦伯斯特看来，只要尽最大努力，没有什么是不可能的。故选A。【小题15】句意：他可能很矮，也可能很小，但他是一个真正的跑步者。free自由的；real真正的；kind和善的；weak虚弱的。这里说的是韦伯斯特通过克服困难，实现了自己成为一个真正跑步者的梦想。故选B。阅读理解A(\o"原始出处：2024年湖南省邵阳市新邵县小塘镇多校联考中考一模英语试题"2024·上海普陀·二模)BruceRichmondisthefavouriteEnglishteacheroftheYear2023inMapleHighSchool.Hundredsofstudentsjoinhismonth-longfreeonlinewritinglessons.BesidesreadingShakespeare’splays,heenjoyshelpinghisstudentslearnhowtowrite.Nowheisansweringhisstudents’questionsintheweeklyQ&Asectiononlineandofferingthemsomesuggestions.SamBruceRichmond________Tip1Useclevernames.

Well,quiteoftenShakespearegivesinformationaboutwhatapersoninaplayislikethroughtheirnames.Forexample,Romeo’snamemeansapersonbeingromanticandkind.Benvoliocanbeniceandfriendly.Falstaffisacharacterin

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andheislazyandfunny.Nowthinkwhatyoucancallapersoninaplaywhoisangryandhot-temperedallthetime?Yes.MaybeRageorFury.AnnaLiuBruceRichmondHowcanIexpressmyideasandfeelingsinawayfulloflife?Tip2Trymetaphors.

Shakespearewasafanofmetaphors.Ametaphorisawayofcomparingonethingwithsomethingelsetoshowideas,feelings,placesandmore.Andthetwothingsusuallyhavethesamequalities.Intheplay

AsYouLikeIt,hewrites,“________”Whatdoyouthinkofthemetaphorinthissentence?ThomasBruceRichmondWhatshouldIdoifIcan’tfindaproperword?Tip3

________.Eyeball.Lonely.Unreal...AllthesewerecreatedbyShakespeare.Ifyouhaveanideathatyoucan’tthinkofawordfor,belikeShakespeareandcreateyourown.Ifyouwanttocreatewordsthatmeansomethingandmaystandthetestoftime,trycreatingwordslikethis:breakfast+lunch=brunch.Andyoucanstartwithmakingupwordsforeverydaythingsinyourhome.BruceRichmondDoyouwanttowritelikeShakespeare?Youcanputyourquestionshere,orwritetoBruceRichmondat

bruce4weeksclass@163.com1.BruceRichmond’sfreeonlinewritinglessonslastfor__________.A．oneyearB．onemonthC．oneweekD．threeweeks2.WhatquestionmightSamask?A．What’sthemostimportantthingtodotowritegoodplots?B．Whyisthelanguagereallyhardtounderstand?C．What’saquickwaytomakereadersunderstandthecharacters?D．Howareallthedetailsoftheplayputtogether?3.Accordingtothewriter,thenameRageinaplayisusually__________.A．romanticandkindB．angryandhot-temperedC．lazyandfunnyD．niceandfriendly4.Whichofthefollowingbestfitstheblank?A．DoyounotknowIamawoman?WhenIthink,Imustspeak.B．Onetouchofnaturemakesthewholeworldfamiliesandrelatives.C．Afoolthinksheiswise,butawisemanknowshimselftobeafool.D．Alltheworldisastageandallthemenandwomenonlyplayers.5.WhatmightBruceRichmondsuggesttoThomas?A．MakeupnewwordsB．TranslatesomewordsC．LearnnewwordsD．Lookforsimilarwords6.Thepassageiswrittento__________.A．encourageyoungstudentstobekindintheirreallifeB．attractparentstobuyShakespeare’splaysfortheirchildrenC．teachyoungstudentshowtowriteplayslikeShakespeareD．showteachersthatwritingskillsaretoohardforthestudents【答案】BCBDAC【解析】本文主要介绍了英语老师BruceRichmond在每周的在线问答部分回答学生的问题，并为他们提供的一些写作建议。【小题1】细节理解颖，根据“Hundredsofstudentsjoinhismonth-longfreeonlinewritinglessons,”可知，BruceRichmond的免费在线写作课程持续一个月，故选B。【小题2】推理判断题。根据“Forexample,Romeo’snamemeansapersonbeingromanticandkind.Benvoliocanbeniceandfriendly.Falstaffisacharacterin

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andheislazyandfunny.Nowthinkwhatyoucancallapersoninaplaywhoisangryandhot.temperedallthetime?Yes.MaybeRageorFury.”"可知，举例介绍了可以通过名字来理解人物性格，所以推测Sam可能会问“有什么方法可以让读者快速理解人物?”，故选C。【小题3】细节理解题。根据“Nowthinkwhatyoucancallapersoninaplaywhoisangryandhot-temperedallthetime?Yes.MaybeRageorFury.”可知，Rage这个名字通常是易怒且脾气暴躁的，故选B。【小题4】推理判断题。根据“Shakespearewasafanofmetaphors.Ametaphorisawayofcomparingonethingwithsomethingelsetoshowideas,feelings,placesandmore.Andthetwothingsusuallyhavethesamequalities."”可知，隐喻是一种将一件事与另一件事进行比较的方式，以表达想法、感受、地点等，而且这两件事通常具有相同的品质，选项D“全世界是一个舞台，所有的男女是选手。”符合隐喻的手法，故选D。【小题5】推理判断题。根据“Ifyouhaveanideathatyoucan'tthinkofawordfor,belikeShakespeareandcreateyourown.Ifyouwanttocreatewordsthatmeansomethingandmaystandthetestoftime,trycreatingwordslikethis”可推知,BruceRichmond建议Thomas创造新的单词，故选A。【小题6】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了英语老师BruceRichmond在每周的在线问答部分回答学生的问题，并为他们提供的一些写作建议，所以这篇文章是为了教年轻学生如何像莎士比亚一样写戏剧，故选C。B(\o"原始出处：2024年湖南省邵阳市新邵县小塘镇多校联考中考一模英语试题"2024·浙江宁波·一模)BethreceivedapianoasagiftfromherneighbourMr.Laurence.Ithadbelongedtohislategranddaughter.Bethlikeditverymuchandtriedit.Hersisterssaiditwasthegreatestpianotheyhadeverheard.“You’llhavetogoandthankhim,”saidJo,Beth’seldersister.Yes,Imeanto.IguessI’llgonowbeforeIgetfrightenedthinkingaboutit.ThoughBethwasshy,shealsodecidedtoshowhergratitude.Toherwholefamily’ssurprise,BethwalkedtowardsMr.Laurence’shouse.“Mr.Laurencebecamecross(易怒的)afterhisgranddaughterdied.Bethissuchashygirl;howdareshetalkwithhim?”criedHannah,hermum,staringafterher,whilethegirlsbecamequitespeechlessbythemiracle(奇迹)theysawlater.Bethknockedatthedoorbeforeshegaveherselftimetothink.Agruffvoicecalledout,“Comein!”Shedidgoin,rightuptoMr.Laurence,sayinginherlowvoice,“Icametothankyousir,for…”Butshedidn’tfinish,forMr.Laurencelookedsofriendlythatsheforgotherspeech,onlyrememberingthathehadlostthelittlegirlheloved.Afterawhile,sheputherarmsroundhisneckandkissedhim.Iftheroofofthehousehadsuddenlyflownoff,theoldgentlemanwouldn’thavebeenmoresurprised.Buthelikedit.Helikeditamazingly!Andhewassotouchedandpleasedbythatlittlekissandallhiscrossnessdisappeared.Hejustsetheronhisknee,andlaidhiswrinkledcheekagainstherpinkone,feelingasifhehadgothisownlittlegranddaughterback.Bethwasn’tafraidofhimfromthatmoment,andsattheretalkingtohimascozilyasifshehadknownhimallherlife,forlovecastsout(赶走)fear,andgratitudecanconquer(征服)pride.WhenitwastimeforBethtogohome,Mr.Laurencewalkedwithhertoherowngate,shookhandsandtouchedhishatashemarchedbackagain,lookingverystatelyanderectlikeahandsomesoldierlyoldgentleman,ashewas.1.HowdidthefamilymembersfeelwhentheysawBethwalkingtoMr.Laurence’shouse?A．Angry.B．Surprised.C．Nervous.D．Thankful.2.WhydidBethhugandkissMr.Laurenceinsteadofjustthankinghim?A．Becauseshefeltsorryforhisloss.B．Becauseshehadknownhimforalongtime.C．Becauseshewastooafraidtotalktohim.D．Becauseshewasmovedbyhisloveformusic.3.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderaccordingtothepassage?

a.BethvisitedMr.Laurence.tothankhim.b.Mr.LaurencegaveBethapianoasagift.

c.Mr.Laurence’slittlegranddaughterdied.d.BethandMr.Laurencehadagoodtimetogether.A．b-a-c-dB．b-a-d-cC．c-a-b-dD．c-b-a-d4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowtoConquerFearinLifeB．ShowThankstoPeopleWhoHelpedUsC．BeFriendlyandHelpfultotheOldD．LoveandGratitudeCanCreateaMiracle【答案】BADD【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了贝丝从邻居劳伦斯先生那里收到了一架钢琴作为礼物，劳伦斯先生在孙女死后变得暴躁，但贝丝还是鼓起勇气去感谢他，是爱和感激赶走了恐惧。【小题1】观点态度题。根据“'Toherwholefamily'ssurprise,BethwalkedtowardsMr.Laurence'shouse.”可知，看着贝丝走向劳伦斯先生家，家人们都很惊讶。故选B。【小题2】推理判断题。根据“Butshedidn'tfinish,forMr.Laurencelookedsofriendlythatsheforgotherspeech,onlyrememberingthathehadlostthelittlegirlheloved,Afterawhile,sheputherarmsroundhisneckandkissedhim,"可知，劳伦斯先生看贝丝的眼神就像是在看他已故的孙女，由此可猜测，贝丝对此感到遗憾，因此亲吻了劳伦斯先生。故选A。【小题3】篇章结构题。根据“'BethreceivedapianoasagiftfromherneighbourMr.Laurence.Ithadbelongedtohislategranddaughter.”可知，在孙女死后，劳伦斯先生将钢琴送给了贝丝;根据“You'llhavetogoandthankhim,”可知，收到礼物后，贝丝决定去感谢劳伦斯先生;根据“Iftheroofofthehousehadsuddenlyflownoff,theoldgentlemanwouldn’thavebeenmoresurprised....andlaidhiswrinkledcheekagainstherpinkone,feelingasifhehadgothisownlittlegranddaughterback."知，贝丝和劳伦斯先生度过了一段快乐的时光。故选D。【小题4】最佳标题题。根据“...criedHannah,hermum,staringafterher,whilethegirlsbecamequitespeechlessbythemiracle(奇迹)theysawlater."和“Bethwasn'tafraidofhimfromthatmoment,andsattheretalkingtohimascozilyasifshehadknownhimallherlife,forlovecastsoutfear,andgratitudecanconquerpride.”可知，感激和爱赶走了恐惧，创造了奇迹，因此D项“爱和感恩可以创造奇迹”最适合做本文的标题。故选D。C(\o"原始出处：2024年湖南省邵阳市新邵县小塘镇多校联考中考一模英语试题"2024·北京大兴·一模)Itissoeasytodescribepeopleasbeingtalented.Justlookatanyheadlinepraisingapieceofartwork,music,orothergreatfeat,andyouarelikelytoseetheword“talented”or“gifted”.However,isbeingtalentedatruemarkerofsuccess?Somepeoplebelievethattalentplaysakeyroleinachievingsuccessfast.Thosewithnaturalabilityinaparticularfieldcanoftengainsuccessrapidlywithlesseffort.Forexample,apersonwithanaturalearformusicmayfinditeasiertolearntoplayaninstrument.TakealookatWolfgangMozart.Hecomposedhisfirstmusicalmasterpiece(杰作)attheageof5.Andattheageof7,hewentonhisfirsttourstoperformhisabilitiesfortheworld.Intheprocessofhighlightingthe“natural”giftsofachievers,hardworkcangetlostinthemix.Theresultisthatmany“talents”believetheyonlyneedtodependontheirinnate(内在的)abilitiesinordertoproducegreatworks.Inevitably,thiscanleadtodisappointment,frustration,andevenmentalhealthproblems,becausetherealityisthattalentaloneisnotenough.Oneisoftenledtobelievethatbeingnaturallygiftedistheultimateprerequisite(最终的先决条件)forsuccessinanyfield.Butalmosteveryexampleofabigachievementinvolvessomedegreeofputtinginsomeamountofwork.Inathletics,forexample,standoutathletessuchasMichaelJordan,UsainBolt,andSerenaWilliamsareoftenpraisedfortheirnaturalabilities.However,closeranalysisoftheircareersshowsthattheseathletesspenthugechunksoftheirlivespracticing.Asidefromworkinghard,talentcanonlybecomeusefuliftheownerofthattalentdoeswhatisnecessarytoexpand(拓展)it.Ifyourtalentisjustbeinggoodatplayingtheguitar,forinstance,thatabilitycanonlygetyousofarbecausetherearemanyotherpeoplewhoalsoknowtheirwayaroundtheinstrument.Howwillyousetyourselfapartfromthecrowd?Youwoulddosobyfindingwaystoexpandyourguitar-playingcapabilities,whetherthatmeanslearningnewfingertricksormasteringdifferenttypesofguitars.Thenyouwillbemoresuccessfulthanothers.Nothingiswrongwithhavingnaturalabilities.Afterall,everyoneisborntobegoodatsomething.However,findingsuccessatanylevel,andinanyfield,requiresmorethantalent.Therelationshipsyoucreatewithpeopleandhabitsyoudevelopalsoplayaroleinyourabilitytogrowyourcareer.But,ultimately,workinghardisthemainfactorastohowfaryoucango.1.ThewriterusestheexampleofMozarttotellusthat________.A．naturalabilitycanhelpspeedupsuccessB．beingfamousshouldbeasearlyaspossibleC．talentcantaketheplaceofeffortcompletelyD．everyoneisborntobegoodatsomething2.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theresultofanartcompetition.B．Theachievementsoffamoustalents.C．Theproblemsofovervaluinginnateabilities.D．Theprocessofproducinggreatworksbytalents.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Hardworkhelpspeoplefindouttheirnaturalabilitieseasily.B．Almosteverygreatachievementrequiresacertainamountofeffort.C．Relationshipswithpeopleandhabitsaremoreimportantthantalent.D．Talentedpeoplearemorelikelytosucceedthanhardworkingpeople.4.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．hardworkbringspeoplemoresuccessthantalentdoesB．talentgivespeopleaheadstartinachievementsinanyfieldC．havingtalentisnotenoughtoensuresuccessunlesstalentisimprovedD．hardworkisnomorenecessaryunlessitisdonebypeoplesuccessfully【答案】ACBC【解析】本文作者主要讲述了天赋对于成功来说固然重要，但是能让你走得更远的还是努力。【小题1】推理判断题，根据第二段"'Somepeoplebelievethattalentplaysakeyroleinachievingsuccessfast.Thosewithnaturalabilityinaparticularfieldcanoftengainsuccessrapidlywithlesseffort.”可知本段主要讲述天赋会让成功变得更快，因此可推断作者通过举莫扎特的例子主要为了说明天赋会加快成功的速度。故选A。【小题2】段落大意题。根据“Inevitably,thiscanleadtodisappointment,frustration,andevenmentalhealthproblems,becausetherealityisthattalentaloneisnotenough.”可知太高估天赋的作用会导致失望，受挫甚至精神健康问题，因此本段主要讲述了太看重天生的能力会产生的问题。故选C。【小题3】细节理解题。根据“Butalmosteveryexampleofabigachievementinvolvessomedegreeofputtinginsomeamountofwork.”可知几乎所有的大成就都需要努力。故选B。【小题4】推理判断题。根据“Asidefromworkinghard,talentcanonlybecomeusefuliftheownerofthattalentdoeswhatisnecessarytoexpand(拓展)it.”可知只有当拥有者做了拓展天赋的必要的事情，天赋才会起作用。因此可推断作者认为除非天赋得到提升,否则不足以保证能成功。故选C。D(\o"原始出处：2024年湖南省邵阳市新邵县小塘镇多校联考中考一模英语试题"2024·江苏无锡·一模)Inthelargestobservationalstudytodateon“superagers”—peopleintheir80swhohavebrainsassharpasthose30yearsyounger—researchersinSpainfoundkeydifferencesinlifestylethatmaycontributetotheseolderadults’sharpminds.Superagersinthestudyhadmoregraymatter(灰质)inpartsofthebrainrelatedtomovement,andtheyscoredhigheronflexibility,balanceandmobility(行走能力)teststhantypicalolderadults—eventhoughthephysicalactivitylevelsofthetwogroupswerethesame.“Thoughsuperagersreportsimilaractivitylevelstotypicalolderpeople,it’spossibletheydomorephysicallydemandingactivitieslikegardeningorstairclimbing,”saidseniorauthorBryanStrange,directoroftheLaboratoryforClinicalNeuroscienceattheTechnicalUniversityofMadrid,inastatement.“Fromlowerbloodpressureandobesitylevelstoincreasedbloodflowtothebrain,therearemanydirectandindirectbenefitsofbeingphysicallyactivethatmaycontributetoimprovedcognitiveabilitiesinoldage.”Thestudy,publishedonThursdayin

TheLancetHealthyLongevityjournal,followed64superagersand55cognitivelynormalolderadultswhowerepartoftheVallecasProject,along-termresearchprojectonAlzheimer’sinMadrid(马德里的老年痴呆症).Inaseriesoftests,thestudyfoundtheSpanishsuperagersscoredlowerthantypicalolderadultsinlevelsofdepressionandanxiety.Mentalhealthissuessuchasdepressionareknownriskfactorsfordevelopingdementia(痴呆).Superagersalsotoldresearcherstheyhadbeenmoreactiveinmidlife,hadbeenhappywiththeamountofsleeptheygot,andwereindependentintheirdailyliving.Poorsleepisakeyriskfactorforcognitivedecline.“Thisstudyaddstowhatwealreadyknow—superagingisn’tjusttheabilitytoperformwellonacognitivetest,”saidAngelaRoberts,anassistantjointprofessorofcommunicationandcomputerscienceatWesternUniversityinLondon,Ontario,inanemail.1.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Physicalactivitiesaffectthebraincomposition(构成)ofsuperagers.B．Superagersandtypicalolderadultshavesimilaractivitylevels.C．Physicallyactivitieslikegardeningorstairclimbingaredemanding.D．Superagers’brainstructureisdifferentfromthatoftypicalolderadults.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudypublishedin

TheLancetHealthyLongevityjournal?A．Thestudyfocusesonmentalhealthofthesubjects.B．Thestudyfindstherelationshipbetweendepressionanddementia.C．Cognitiveabilitiesinoldagemaybeimprovedbyphysicalactivities.D．Superagersaremorelikelytodevelopdementiathantypicalolderadults.3.Whatmaythefollow-upstudyfocuson?A．Therelationshipbetweensleepandcognition.B．Therelationshipbetweenmidlifeandcognition.C．Therelationshipbetweenactivitylevelandcognition.D．Therelationshipbetweenindependenceandcognition.4.WhatcanweknowfromAngelaRoberts’words?A．Sheisgoodatcognitivetests.B．Sheknowslittleaboutsuperaging.C．Superagersaremoreactiveinoldagelife.D．Superagersscoredhighinmanyaspects.【答案】ACAD【解析】本文是一篇说明文。“超级老人“指的是80多岁的人的大脑和30岁的年轻人一样敏锐，西班牙的研究人员对“超级老人”进行了迄今为止规模最大的观察性研究，研究发现，生活方式上的关键差异可能导致了这些老年人思维敏捷。【小题1】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Superagersinthestudyhadmoregraymatter(灰质)inpartsofthebrainrelatedtomovement,andtheyscoredhigheronflexibility,balanceandmobility(行走力)teststhantypicalolderadults"和"Thoughsuperagersreportsimilaractivitylevelstotypicalolderpeople,it'spossibletheydomorephysicallydemandingactivitieslikegardeningorstairclimbing,”可知，体力活动会影响超级老人的大脑成分。故选A。【小题2】细节理解题，根据第三段中的"Fromlowerbloodpressureandobesitylevelstoincreasedbloodflowtothebrain,therearemanydirectandindirectbenefitsofbeingphysicallyactivethatmaycontributetoimprovedcognitiveabilitiesinoldage.”知，身体活动有许多直接和间接的好处，可能有助于提高老年人的认知能力。故选C。【小题3】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Superagersalsotoldresearcherstheyhadbeenmoreactiveinmidlife,hadbeenhappywiththeamountofsleeptheygot,andwereindependentintheirdailyliving.Poorsleepisakeyriskfactorforcognitivedecline."-后续研究的重点可能是睡眠和认知之间的关系。故选A。【小题4】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thisstudyaddstowhatwealreadyknow—superagingisn’tjusttheabilitytoperformwellonacognitivetest,”可知，从AngelaRoberts的话中可以了解到超级老人在很多方面都得分很高。故选D。任务型阅读(2024·上海奉贤·二模)Onceuponatime,therewerefourseedswhoweregoodfriends.Thewindtookthemintotheairandtheyfinallylandedonanopenspaceinajungle.Theretheyremainedhiddenintheground,hopingtheywouldbeabletogrowupandbecomebeautifultrees.Butwhenthefirstseedbegangerminating(发芽),theyrealizedthatitwouldn’tbesuchaneasytask.

Inthatarea,therelivedagroupofmonkeys,andthesmallestoneswouldamusethemselvesbythrowingbananasatanyplantthatwasstartingtogrow.Theythrewsomanybananasatthefirstseedthatitwasalmostsplit(分裂)intwo.Andwhenittoldtheotherseedswhathadhappened,theyallagreeditwouldbebettertowaitforthatgroupofmonkeystomoveonbeforetheytriedtogrow.Then,thefirstseedthoughtsheshouldatleastattempt(尝试)it.Andwhenshetried,shewaspeltedwithbananas,