2021青岛市高考英语阅读理解自练及答案2

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：人生百态时间：7分钟TheOlympicmedalceremonieshavealreadybegun.Butsomeathleteshardlydisguisetheirdisappointmentwhensilverandnotgoldishungaroundtheirnecks.TheBritishjudosilvermedallistNeilAdamscallshistwofromthe1980s“loser'smedals”．Untilfouryearsago，theywereinaboxatthebackofacupboard.Hiswifethenhadthemframedforhis50thbirthdayandtheyarenowuponthewall.Adamsfeelsproudwhenhelooksatthem，buthisthoughtsquicklyturnto“whatifs”．“Iwouldn'tchangemuch”，headds.Andhewouldn'tneedto.Goldwaswithinhisgrasptwice，butslippedawaybyanarrowmarginonthejudomat.“ThelossesattheOlympicGameswerethemostdifficultthingformetoaccept，”hesaid.“Ididn'twinthesilvermedal.Ilostthegold.Inmymindtheywerelosses.Ithastakenmorethan30yearstogetoverit.”MarkCavendish，JessicaEnnisandMoFarahhaveneverwonOlympicgold，buttheycameintoLondon2022asthreeofTeamGB'sbiggestmedalhopes.Unfortunately，Cavendishhasalreadysuffereddisappointmentinthecyclingroadrace.NeilAdamswasinthatsamepositioninboththe1980and1984games.However，inacareerinwhichhecollectedeveryotherjudoaccolade，thingssimplywentwrongattheOlympics.InMoscow1980，Adamswasjust21yearsoldandfoundthemediafocusandpressureofexpectationtoomuch.Askedaboutbeingafavourite，Adamssaid：“Itishell，andabouthowyoucopewithitinthemind.Itcanmakeyouafraidtowinorloseandthereisadifference.Iwasafraidtolose.Sometimesyoufreeze.Sometimesittakesyouover.”Adamssaysthathewasverycautiousandthatwhensomethingwastacticalandtechnicalheapproachedittootactically.Perhapsit'sbettertogoinwitha‘nothingtolose’attitude.ThatmightbethereasonwhytheOlympicGameshaveoftencreatedsurpriseresults.Sometimesit'stheoneswhokeeptheircoolandworkthehardestwhogettheresults.【语篇导读】参与奥运会的运动员都期望获得金牌，而那些与金牌失之交臂获得银牌的运动员的心里是什么味道儿呢？1．WhereareNeilAdams'silvermedalsnow?A．Aroundhisneck. B．Atthebackofacupboard.C．Inabox. D．Onthewall.解析细节理解题。依据其次段其次句可知，现在这两枚银牌被他的妻子裱框后挂在了墙上。答案D2．HowlongdidAdamskeepthemedalsinthebox?A．Morethan30years. B．Morethan40years.C．Morethan20years. D．Nomorethan20years.解析细节理解题。依据文章内容可知，他分别于1980年和1984年参与奥运会，并分别夺得了一枚银牌，但他的两枚银牌是在四年前才从盒子里拿出来的，也就是2008年，那么第一枚银牌在盒子里放了28年，其次枚银牌放了24年。因此答案应为20多年。答案C3．Adamsalwaysfeltitapitytowinsilvermedalsbecause________.A．hewasnarrowlybeatenbythechampionB．hedidn'ttryhisbestC．helackedtechniquesD．hewastoogreedy解析细节理解题。依据文章第三段最终一句可知，他原来是能够获胜的，但最终都是对手牵强获得冠军，这让他觉得很惋惜。答案A4．Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetootherathletes?A．Trytobecomethemediafocus.B．Keeptheircoolandworkhard.C．Trytodobetternexttime.D．Useasmanytechniquesaspossible.解析细节理解题。依据文章最终一句可知，作者建议其他运动员要保持冷静并努力熬炼，因此选择B。答案B。【广东省2022届高三考前冲刺卷(四)】CMarieCuriewasaPolishphysicistandchemistwholivedbetween1867—1934.Togetherwithherhusband，Pierre，shediscoveredtwonewelements(radiumandpolonium，tworadioactiveelementsthattheyextractedchemicallyfrompitch­blendedore)andstudiedthex­raystheyemitted.Shefoundthattheharmfulpropertiesofx­rayswereabletokilltumors.BytheendofWorldWarⅠ，MarieCuriewasprobablythemostfamouswomanintheworld.Shehadmadeaconsciousdecision，however，nottopatentmethodsofprocessingradiumoritsmedicalapplications.MarieCuriewasbornonNovember7,1867inPolandanddiedonJuly4,1934.Herco­discoverywithherhusbandPierreCurieoftheradioactiveelementsradiumandpoloniumrepresentsoneofthebest­knownstoriesinmodernscienceforwhichtheywererecognizedin1901withtheNobelPrizeinPhysics.In1911，MarieCuriewashonoredwithasecondNobelPrize，thistimeinChemistry，tohonorherforsuccessfullyisolatingpureradiumanddeterminingradium’satomicweight.Asachild，MarieCurieamazedpeoplewithhergreatmemory.Shelearnedtoreadwhenshewasonlyfouryearsold.HerfatherwasaprofessorofscienceandtheinstrumentsthathekeptinaglasscasefascinatedMarie.Shedreamedofbecomingascientist，butthatwouldnotbeeasy.Herfamilybecameverypoor，andattheageof18，Mariebecameagoverness.ShehelpedpayforhersistertostudyinParis.Later，hersisterhelpedMariewithhereducation.In1891，MarieattendedtheSorbonneUniversityinPariswhereshemetandmarriedPierreCurie，awell­knownphysicist.MarieCuriecontributedgreatlytoourunderstandingofradioactivityandtheeffectsofx­rays.ShereceivedtwoNobelPrizesforherbrilliantwork，butdiedofleukaemia，causedbyherrepeatedexposuretoradioactivematerials.36．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．TogiveusageneralintroductiontoMadameCurie.B．ToshowushowMadameCuriediscoveredradium.C．TotellushowMadameCuriedevelopedasascientist.D．TotellushowMadameCuriereceivedtwoNobelPrizes.37．MadameCuriewasgiventheNobelPrizeinChemistrybecause________.A．shediscoveredradiumB．sheseparatedpureradiumandcalculateditsatomicweightC．shediscoveredpoloniumD．shedidn’tpatentmethodsofprocessingradium38．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMadameCurieisNOTtrue?A．MadameCuriemadegreatcontributionstomedicalscience.B．MadameCuriewasverysmartandambitiouswhenshewasachild.C．MadameCuriereceivedtwoNobelPrizesinPhysics.D．MadameCurie’shusbandhelpedheralotinherresearch.39．Wecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthat______.①MadameCuriegotmarriedwhenshewasatcollege.②MadameCuriehadagreatambitionwhenshewasyoung.③MadameCurielovedteachingmorethananythingelse.④MadameCuriemusthavemetalotofdifficultiestogethigheducation.⑤HerfatherhadagreatinfluenceonMadameCurie’sfuturecareer.⑥MadameCuriewasverysmartwhenshewasachild.A．①②④⑤⑥B．②④⑤⑥C．②③④⑤⑥D．①②③④⑤40．WhichistherightorderaboutMadameCurieaccordingtothepassage?a．marriedPierreb．attendeduniversityc．discoveredradiumd．determinedradium’satomicweighte．wontheNobelPrizeinPhysicsA．b，c，a，d，eB．b，a，c，d，eC．b，a，c，e，dD．b，c，a，e，d36．A[主旨大意题。通读全文可知。]37．B[细节理解题。依据文中其次段最终一句话可知答案。]38．C[依据其次段内容可知居里夫人两次获得诺贝尔奖，其次次是诺贝尔化学奖。]39．B[推理推断题。依据第一、二句话可知居里夫人格外聪慧；第三句可知居里夫人的父亲对她有很大影响；第四句可知她有很大的抱负；依据第五句话可知她所遇到的困难。她当家庭老师只是由于家庭贫困；依据最终一句话可知她在上高校期间遇到了其丈夫，但结婚不愿定是在求学期间。]40．C[细节理解题。依据全文可知答案为C项。]【广东省2022届高三考前冲刺卷(四)】DLivinginthewildcanbehard.Findingfoodandstayingsafearen’teasy.Eachday，animalsstruggletosurviveintheirhabitats.Notallanimalsgetbyontheirown.Someanimalsformaclosepartnershipwithotherkindsofanimals.Thesepairingsarecalledsymbiotic(共生的)relationships.Inasymbioticrelationship，theanimalsdependoneachother.Oneanimalhelpstheothermeetitsneeds.Soundsgood，right?Notalways.Someanimalsarenotverykindtotheirpartners.Insomecases，oneanimalmeetsitsneedsbuthurtsitspartner.Taketicks，forexample.Theseinsectssuckbloodtolive.Togetblood，theyattachthemselvestootherkindsofanimals.Tickscanpassgermsthatcausediseaseinsteadofhelpingtheirhosts.Inotherrelationships，animalsdon’ttreattheirpartnerssopoorly.Bothanimalsbenefitfromlivingwiththeotheranimals.Smallanimalscalledcleanershrimpshavefoundawayofhelpingfishatcoralreefs.Astheirnamesuggests，theshrimpscleanthefish.Theyhangoutatwhatscientistscallacleaningstation.Afishstopsby.Thenashrimpclimbsontothefishandevenstepsintothefish’smouth.Theshrimpusesitstinyclawstopickstuffoffthefish’sbody.Thatcanincludedeadskin，tinypiecesoffood，andweecreaturesthatcanhurtthefish.Thefishgetsanicecleaning.Theshrimpenjoysatastymealoffishtrash.Smallbirdscalledploversarealsointhecleaningbusiness.Theyhavebigcustomers—crocodiles.Crocshavelongsnouts(鼻子)filledwithsharpteeth.Cleaningthemistricky.Whenacrocopensitsmouth，theploverhopsrightin.Thecrocdoesnotsnapitssnoutshut.Instead，itletstheplovereatsmall，harmfulanimalsattachedtothecrocodile’steeth.Theplovergetsaneasymealwhilethecrocgetscleanteeth.41．Thetextismainlyabout________.A．thehardlifeinthewildB．somedangerousanimalsC．animalslivingtogetherD．animalsinasymbioticrelationship42．Accordingtothetext，inasymbioticrelationship，______.A．animalsdependoneachotherB．birdsdependonanimalsforfoodC．bothsidescangethelpD．notallanimalstreattheirpartnerswell43．Whydothecleanershrimpscleanthefish?A．Togetfishtrashforfood.B．Toeatweecreatures.C．Tohelpfishgooutofcoralreefs.D．Togetfoodforfish.44．Whenplovershopintocrocodiles’mouths，they________.A．arereallytocleancrocodiles’teethB．aretomakecrocodileshappyC．aren’tafraidofbeingeatenD．aren’thappytocleanthecrocodiles’teeth45．Accordingtothetext，itcanbeinferredthat______.A．livinginthewildcanbehardB．differentanimalshavedifferentlivingwaysC．crocodilesmainlyliveonplovers[来源:/]D．ticksareusefultosomeanimals41．D[主旨大意题。本文主要是介绍了生物界的一种共生现象，也就是说生物之间相互依存，相互挂念。故答案选D项。选项C表达语意不精确，表达范围太广。]42．D[深层理解题。由文章其次、三、四段可知，有共生现象的动物中，有的是相互得到挂念，而有的是单方面的。故答案为D项。]43．A[细节理解题。由文章第四段可知，cleanershrimps之所以要挂念鱼清理垃圾，主要是由于想得到它们想吃的食物——fishtrash。故答案为A项。]44．C[细节理解题。由文章最终一段可知，plovers是不担忧被鳄鱼咬伤的，由于鳄鱼是期望plovers这样做的，而对于plovers而言，其真正的目的是为了得到自己的食物。故答案为C项。]45．B[推理推断题。文章第一段就提到有些动物是靠自己去捕获食物，而文章又举例讲了一些动物是靠共生来猎取食物的，也就是说不同的动物有不同的方式来生存，所以答案为B项。选项A是文章直接叙述的；选项C表达与原文不全都；选项D是无法推断出的。]阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ifyouwerewalkingaroundasupermarketandsawawomanwithashavedhead,aringthroughhernose,atattoo（纹身）designonherarmandshehasasmallchildinhershopping

trolley,whatwouldyouropinionbe?Doyouthinkthiskindofbodydecorationisattractiveorugly?Differentpeoplehavedifferentideas.Thefollowingaresomeexamplesofbodydecorationfromaroundtheworld.Inmanypartsof

Africa,itisthoughtthatanattractivegirlshouldhavereallyshinnyskin.OnBali,alittleislandin

Indonesia,theybelievethatabeautifulwomanorhandsomemanmusthaveperfectlystraight,flatteeth.TheBalinesebelievethatteethwithpointededgesmakeyoulooklikeanuglywildanimal.Sowhenagirlorboybecomesateenager,heorsheistakentoaspecialpersonintheirvillagewhowillfileoffteethpointstomakethemsmoothandflat.Thereisnoanesthetic（麻药）andthistoothfilingisreallypainful.Itisakindoftest.Ifyoucanstanditwithoutscreamingorcryingtoomuch,thenyouarethoughtreadytobecomeanadult.In

Myanmar,thereisasmallgroupofpeoplewhoarecalledthe“Papaung”.Theybelievethatawomancanonlybereallybeautifulifshehasalongneck.ImeanaVERYlongneck.Nowyoumightthinkthatyouareeitherbornwithalongorshortneckandthatthere’snothingwhateveryoucandoaboutit.Butyouwouldbewrong!Ataroundtheageof5,aPapaunggirlhasheavymetalringsfittedaroundherneck,tightlybetweenthechinandshoulders.Eachyearmoreringsareaddedandvery,veryslowlytheirweightpushestheshouldersdown,inthiswaymakingthenecklooklonger.APapaungwomanwillwearherneckringsallherlife,neveroncetakingthemoff.SonowI’msureyouwillallagreethatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatisbeautiful.26.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraphone?A.Women’sdesign.

B.Beautifulbodydecoration.C.Bodydecoration. D.Attractivedecoration.

【答案】C【解析】大意归纳题。第一段讲的是假如你在超市里见到一个剃光头，穿鼻环，胳膊上有纹身并且在购物车里推着一个小孩的女人，