2021年高考英语三轮复习：阅读理解+完形填空+读后续写+七选五+应用文写作 试题汇编（含答案解析）

2021年高考英语三轮复习：阅读理解+完形填空+读后续写+

七选五十应用文写作试题精选汇编

阅读理解试题精选汇编

第一节（共15小题；每小题25分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Soyou'regoingtotheroyalwedding!Let'sreviewachecklistofeverythingyou'llneedtoknow.

Whattowearattheceremony

Didyougetyourfascinatoryet?That'satrickquestionbecauseyouprobablydon'tevenknow

whatafascinatoris.Royaldresscodeetiquette（礼仪）statesthatwomenmustwearhatsfbrformal

events,andfascinatorsarethepreferredaccessory（酉己饰）.Thesefunnyhatsboastalargedecorative

design.Ifyouhaven'tpackedone,noworries.Simplyglueacabbagetothesideofyourhead.Noone

willbethewiser,andyoucanalwayssnackonyourfascinatorshouldtheweddingceremonydragon.

Gentlemenareexpectedtowearmorningcoatsandtophats.Royalswilllikelyweartheirmilitary

uniforms.

Meetingtheroyals

Men,whengreetingtheroyals,asimplebowwilldo.Notsolowthatitlooksasifyou're

examiningthecarpetforanymedalstheymighthavedropped.Thisisaslightneckbow.Women

performacurtsy.Simplyputonelegbehindtheother,bendyourknees,bowyourheadslightlyandfall

overbecauseyou'veneverdonethisbefore.

Chattingupthequeen

Thefirstruleoftalkingtothequeen:Don'ttalk.Thatis,unlessspoken（o.Ifshedoesstarta

conversationandyoufindyou'verunoutofinterestingstufftodiscussafter“Hello"，breaktheicc

withajoke."Hey,whydidthequeengotothedentist?”"Togetherteethcrowned

Dining

Everymealbeginsandendswiththequeen.Youcan'tstarteatinguntilshestarts,andyoustop

whenshestops.Thequeendoesn'tappeartobealargeeater,soyoushouldwolfdownyourfoodin

caseshepushestheplateawayafterafewbites.Whendining,theroyalsholdknivesintheirright

handandforksintheirleftwiththetinesfacingdown.

第1页共91页

I.Whatmustwomenhaveonfbrtheroyalwedding?

A.MorningcoatsR.Militaryuniforms

C.HatswithfascinatorsD.Cabbages

2.Whichbehaviorisproperataroyalceremony?

A.Falloverwhenyoubowtothequeen

B.Don'tstarteatinguntilthequeenstarts

C.Don'ttalkevenifspokento

D.Pushtheplateawaywhileeating

3.Whatisthemainwritingcharacteristicofthetext?

A.HumorousB.SeriousC.PlainD.Official

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了参加皇室婚礼时需要知道的基本礼仪，包括衣着、问候、

交谈和用餐。

1.细节理解题。根据Whattowearattheceremony部分关键句“Royaldresscodeetiquette（礼仪）

statesthatwomenmustwearhatsfbrformalevents,andfascinatorsarcthepreferredaccessory（配

饰）可知，王室着装规范礼仪规定，在正式活动中，女性必须戴帽子，羽毛头饰是首选的配饰。

由此可推断出，皇空婚礼上，女人必须戴搭配有羽毛配饰的帽子。故选C项。

2.细节理解题。根据Dining部分关键句“Everymealbeginsandendswiththequeen.Youcan'tstart

eatinguntilshestarts,andyoustopwhenshestops.”可知，每餐饭都以女王开始和结束，她开始用

餐时你才可以开始吃，她停止用餐时你也要停止。由此可推断出，在皇室仪式上，在女王开始

用餐之前不要开始吃东西。故选B项。

3.推理判断题。题目要求我们判断这篇文章的主要写作特点是什么。根据文中关键句“Ifyou

haven'tpackedone,noworries.Simplyglueacabbagetothesideofyourhead.（如果你没有戴这种

帽子，不用担心，只需要把卷心菜贴在你的头上“可知，作者用幽默的语言描述带羽毛配饰

的帽子像卷心菜一样。再根据文中“Notsolowthatitlooksasifyou'reexaminingthecarpetforany

medalstheymighthavedropped.（不要低到看起来你好像是在检查地毯上是否有他们掉下来的奖

牌）''可知，作者用幽默的语言告诉我们鞠躬时不必太低。由此可推断出，文章主要用了幽默的

第2页共91页

语言叙述内容，Humorous意为“幽默的”。故选A项。

B

Recentstudiessuggestthatpeoplewhosuffermultiplebraininjuriesareatsignificantriskfor

developingchronictraumaticencephalopathy(CTE),abraindisorderthatcausesavarietyof

dangerousmentalandemotionalproblemstoariseweeks,months,orevenyearsaftertheinitialinjury.

Thesepsychologicalproblemscanincludedepression,anxiety,memoryloss,inabilitytoconcentrate

andsoon.Themajorityofpeoplewhodeveloptheseissuesareathleteswhoparticipateinpopular

high-impactsports,especiallyfootball.

Althoughnewsportsregulationsandimprovementsinhelmettechnologycanhelpprotectplayers,

amateurleagues,thesportsmedia,ancfansallbearsomeoftheresponsibilityfbrreducingbrain

injuries.Inresponsetothegrowingunderstandingofthisdanger,theNationalFootballLeague(NFL)

hasreviseditssafetyregulations.Inanefforttodiminishtheamountofheadandneckinjuriesonthe

field.NFLofficialsbeganenforcingstricterpenaltycallsforhelmet-to-helmetcontact,leadingwiththe

head,andhittingadefenselessplayer.Furthermore,asof2010,ifaplayer'shelmetisaccidentally

wrenchedfromhisheadduringplay,theballisimmediatelywhistleddead.Itishopedthatthesenew

regulations,coupledwithadvancesinhelmetdesign,willreducethenumberofbraininjuries,andthus

curbfurthercasesofCTE.

However,newregulationsattheprofessionallevelcannotprotectamateurplayers,especially

youngpeople.DeadlycasesofCTEhavebeenreportedinvictimsasyoungas21.Youth,highschool

andcollegeleaguesshouldalsoadoptsafetyrulesevenstricterthanthoseoftheNFL.Furthermore,

youngathletesshouldbeeducatedabouttheseriousdangersofheadinjuriesatanearlyage.Perhaps

themostimportantfactorinreducingthenumberofbraininjuries,however,liesnotwiththe

players,thecoaches,ortheadministrators,butwiththemediaandfans.Sportsmediaproducershave

becomeaccustomedtoshowcasingthemostaggressivetacklesandthemostintenseplays.NFL

broadcastsoftenreplayespeciallyviolentcollisionswhilethecommentatorsmarvelattheplayers

physicalprowess.Somesportshighlightstelevisionprogramsevenfeatureweeklycountdownsofthe

“hardesthits”.Whenthemediaexaltssuchdangerousbehavior,professionalsarerewardedforinjuring

eachotheronthefieldandamateursbecomemorelikelytotrytoimitatetheirfavoriteNFLathletes.

Announcers,commentators,televisionproducers,andsportswritersshouldengageinacollectiveeffort

toceaseglorifyingbrutalplays.Inturn,fansshouldstopexpectingtheirfavoriteplayerstoputtheir

livesonthelinefbrthepurposesofentertainment.

4.Basedoninformationinthepassage,itcanbeinferredthatallofthefollowingstatementsaretrue

exceptthat.

A.braininjuriescanleadtovariousmentalandemotionalproblems

B.NFLofficialshavedunelilllcloaddress11icpioblcmufCTE

第3页共91页

C.itisnotenoughtoadoptnewregulationstoreducebraininjuriesattheprofessionallevel

D.sportsmediaistoblameforencouragingbrutalplaysthatoftenresultinbraininjuries

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefactorthatcontributestoCTEinamateurplayers?

A.inconsistentapplicationofsafetyregulationsforalllevels.

B.lackofeducationaboutthedangersofheadinjuries.

C.amateurplayers,desiretoimitateprofessionals.

D.theadoptionofstrictersafetyrulesbyyouth,highschool,andcollegeleagues.

6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“exalts“inthelastparagraph?

A.praisesB.criticizesC.showsD.mentions

7.Thewriterofthepassagemainlywantsto.

A.sharehisknowledgeaboutCETcausedbybraininjuries

B.warnhisreadersagainstplayingfootballtoavoidbraininjuries

C.callpublicattentiontothenewregulationsadoptedbyNFL

D.conveyhisideasabouttheproblemofCET

【分析】

这是一篇议论文。最近的研究表明，遭受多种脑损伤的人有发展成慢性创伤性脑病(CTE)的重大

风险，这是一种脑疾病，在最初的损伤几周、几个月甚至几年之后，会引起各种危险的精神和

情感问题。虽然新的体育法规和头盔技术的改进有助于保护运动员，但业余联盟、体育媒体和

球迷都对减少脑损伤负有部分责任C

4.推理判断题。根据第二段“Inresponsetothegrowingunderstandingofthisdanger,theNational

FootballLeague(NFL)hasreviseditssafetyregulations.Inanefforttodiminishtheamountofhead

andneckinjuriesonthefield.NFLofficialsbeganenforcingstricterpenallycallsfbrhelmet-to-helmet

contact,leadingwiththehead,andhittingadefenselessplayer.”可知，为了应对这种危险，国家橄榄

球联盟修订了安全条例。努力减少头部和颈部的伤害。美国国家橄榄球联盟官员开始对头盔对

头盔的接触，撞击头部，撞击没有任何保护的球员进行严厉的处罚。由此判断出B选项“NFL官

员在解决CTE问题上做得很少”错误.故选B项v

第4页共91页

5.细节理解题。根据第三段“However,newregulationsattheprofessionallevelcannotprotect

amaleurplayers,especiallyyoungpeople.DeadlycasesofCTEhavebeenreportedinvictimsas

youngas21.Youth,highschoolandcollegeleaguesshouldalsoadoptsafetyrulesevenstricterthan

thoseoftheNFL.”可知，然而，职业层面的新规定并不能保护业余选手，尤其是年轻人。据报道，

受害者中有致命的CTE病例，年龄最小的只有21岁。青年、高中和大学联盟也应该采用比NFL

更严格的安全规则。所以D选项“青少年、高中和大学联盟采用更严格的安全规则”不是业余运

动员患CTE的原因。故选D项。

6.词句猜测题。根据划线词后的句子“professionalsarerewardedfbrinjuringeachotheronthefield

andamateursbecomemorelikelytotrytoimitatetheirfavoriteNFLathletes.^^可知，职业球员在球

场上互相伤害会得到奖励，而业余球员则更有可能模仿他们最喜欢的NFL运动员。由此可知，

当媒体大加赞扬这种危险的行为时，会出现上述情况。故划线词的意思是“赞扬故选A项。

7.推理判断题。根据全文尤其是第二段“Althoughnewsportsregulationsandimprovementsin

helmettechnologycanhelpprotectplayers,amateurleagues,thesportsmedia,andfansallbearsome

oftheresponsibilityfbrreducingbraininjuries.“可知，虽然新的体育法规和头盔技术的改进有助于

保护运动员，但业余联盟、体育媒体和球迷都对减少脑损伤负有部分责任。由此判断出这篇文

章的作者主要想表达他对CET问题的看法。故选D项。

C

TheEbroDelta,inSpain,famousasabattlegroundduringtheSpanishCivilWar,isnowthe

settingforadifferentcontest,onethatismakingricefarmersfightagainsttwoenemies:thericc-eating

giantapplesnail,andrisingsealevels.Whathappensherewillhaveabearingonthefutureof

EuropeanriceproductionandtheoverallhealthofsouthernEuropeanwetlands.

LocatedontheMediterranean,justtwohourssouthofBarcelona,theEbroDeltaproduces120

millionkilogramsofriceayear,makingitoneofthecontinent'smostimportantrice-growingareas.

Astheseacreepsintothesefresh-watermarshes,however,risingsalinity（盐度）ishurtingrice

production.Atthesametime,thissea-wateralsokillsoffthegreedygiantapplesnail,anintroduced

pestthatfeedsonyoungriceplants.Themostpromisingstrategyhasbecometoplayoneenemyoff

againsttheother.

Thebattleiscurrentlybeingwagedonland,ingreenhousesattheUniversityofBarcelona.

Scientistsworkingunderthebanner“ProjectNeurice“areseekingvarietiescfricethatcanwithstand

theincreasingsalinitywithoutlosingtheabsorbencythatmakesEuropeanriceidealfortraditional

SpanishandItaliandishes.

“Theprojecthastwosides,“saysXavierSerrat,Neuriceprojectmanagerandresearcheratthe

UniversityofBarcelona,44thcshort-termfightagainstthesnail,andamid-tolong-termfightagainst

climatechange.Butthesnailhasgiventheprojectgreaterurgency.”

第5页共91页

OriginallyfromSouthAmerica,thesnailswereaccidentallyintroducedintotheEbroDeltaby

GlobalAquaticTechnologies,acompanythatraisedthesnailsforfresh-wateraquariums（水族馆）but

failedtopreventtheirescape.Fornow,thegiantapplesnail'spresenceinEuropeislimitedtotheEbro

Delta.Butthesnailcontinuesitsmarchtonewterritory,saysSerrat.4tThequestionisnotwhetherit

willreachotherrice-growingareasofEurope,butwhen.”

Overthenextyearandahalfinvestigatorswilltestthevariousstrainsofsalttolerantricethey've

bred.In2018,farmerswillplantthevarietieswiththemostpromiseintheEbroDellaandEurope*s

othertwomainrice-growingregionsalongthePoinItaly,andFrance'sRhone.Aseasoninthefield

willhelpdeterminewhich,ifany,ofthevarietiesarereadyforcommercialization.

AsanEU-fundedeffort,thesearchforsalt-tolerantvarietiesofriceistakingplaceinallthree

countries.EachteamiscrossbreedingalocalEuropeanshort-grainricewithalong-grainAsianvariety

（hatcarriesthesaltresistantgene.Thescientistsarebreedingsuccessivegenerationstoarriveat

varietiesthatincorporatesalttolerancebutretainabout97percentoftheEuropeanricegenome（基因

组）.

8.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSpanishCivilWaratthebeginningofthepassage?

A.IthasgreatimpactonthelivesofSpanishricefarmers.

B.ItisofgreatsignificanceintherecordsofSpanishhistory.

C.Ricefarmersthereareengagedinanotherkindofbattleofsimilarimportance.

D.Ricefarmersthereareexperiencingthehardshipsofwartime.

9.Whatmaybethemosteffectivestrategyforricefarmerstoemployinfightingtheirenemies?

A.Strikingtheweakerenemyfirst.D.Killingtwobirdswithonestone.

C.Eliminatingtheenemyonebyone.D.Usingoneeviltofightagainsttheother.

10.WhatdoesNeuriceprojectmanagersayaboutthegiantapplesnail?

A.ItcansurviveonlyonsouthernEuropeanwetlands.

B.Itwillinvadeotherrice-growingregionsofEurope.

C.Itmultipliesataspeedbeyondhumanimagination.

D.Itwasintroducedintothericefieldsonpurpose.

11.WhatistheultimategoaloftheEU-fundedprogram?

第6页共91页

A.Cultivatingidealsalt-resistantricevarieties.

R.IncreasingtheabsorbencyoftheSpanishrice.

C.IntroducingSpanishricetotherestofEurope.

D.Popularizingthericecrossbreedingtechnology.

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了西班牙埃布罗三角洲如今正被吃水稻的巨型苹果蜗牛和不断

上升的海平面所威胁。文章解释了背后的原因，以及科学家们正在寻找能够承受不断升高的盐

度、同时又不丧失吸收能力的大米品种，同时预计巨型苹果蜗牛未来会继续入侵欧洲其他水稻

种植区。

8.推理判断题。根据第一段“TheEbroDelta,inSpain,famousasabattlegroundduringtheSpanish

CiWar,isnowthesettingforadifferentcontest,onethatismakingricefarmersfightagainsttwo

enemies:therice-eatinggiantapplesnail,andrisingsealevels.”（西班牙的埃布罗三角洲曾是西班

牙Ci战争期间著名的战场，现在这里又成了另一场竞赛的场地，在这场竞赛中稻农们与两个敌

人作战:吃水稻的巨型苹果蜗牛和不断上升的海平面。）可知作者在文章的开头提到了西班牙内

战，是因为那里的稻农正在进行另一种同样重要的战争。故选C。

9.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Themostpromisingstrategyhasbecometheplayoneenemyoff

againsttheother."（最有希望的策略是一个敌人对付另一个敌人。）可知用一个敌人对付另一个敌

人可能是稻农对付敌人最有效的策咯。故选D。

10.推理判断题c根据倒数第四段“Fornow,thegiantapplesnail\presenceinEuropeislimitedtothe

EbroDelta.Butthesnailcontinuesitsmarchtonewterritory,saysSerrat."（目前，巨型苹果蜗牛在

欧洲的存在仅限于埃布罗三角洲。但Serrat说，蜗牛继续向新的领域进军。）可知Neurice项目

经理表示，巨型苹果蜗牛将入侵欧洲其他水稻种植区。故选B。

11.细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句"AsanEU-fundedeffort,thesearchforsalt-tolerant

varietiesofriceistakingplaceinallthreecountries."（作为欧盟资助的一项努力，这三个国家都在

寻找耐盐水稻品种。）可知欧盟资助项目的最终目标是培育理想的耐盐水稻品种。故选A。

C

Itisnotuncommonforclosesynonymstobeunderstoodtosharethesamemeaning.The

differencebetweenwordslike"had'and"difficult"，fbrexample,goestragicallyunnoticed.

第7页共91页

Takefbrexamplethefollowingsentences:1)Thetestwashard.2)Thetestwasdifficult.Isthere

anoticeabledifferencebetweentheatall?Ifnot,whatwouldbethepointtohavingmultiplewords

withtheexactsamemeaning?Whilemanyclosesynonymssharesimilar,ifnotthesame,dictionary

definitions,thefeelingormoodtheyconveyisutterlysingular,ifthereisindeedadifferencebetween

wordslike"hard"and"difficult”,whatisit?

Tobegin,"hard"ispragmaticandrealistic,firmlygroundedinreality.Ontheotherhand,

“difficult“iscivilized,willingtomaketheeffortnecessarytoappearpolite.Furthermore,<<hard^^is

morelikelytobeusedincasual,informalcircumstances.Itisusedwithoutpretense,anddoesnot

maintainafeelingofbeingoverlyconcerned.Intermsofdailyusage,"hard"maybeemployedbyan

exhaustedbrickmason(石匠)whenposedwiththequestion,t4Howwasyourday”Conversely,

“difficult“maybeusedbyamilitarygeneraluponexplainingtohisorhersuperiortheprogressionofa

particularlytaxingcampaign.

Now,let'slookatthesynonyms,“happy"and"glad”.Takefbrexamplethefollowingsentences:

1)Tommyishappybecausehegotanewbike.2)Tommyisgladbecausehegotanewbike.Again,

uponconsultingadictionary,onewillfindhighlysimilar,ifnotthesame,definitions.Butthese

definitionslackthefeeling,theuniqueemotionalchargethatthesewordsconvey.Theword“happy”

conveysasenseofacarefreeattitude.Thethoughtofsomeonewhois“happy“conveystheimageofa

bright-eyed,ruddy,smilingface.Oneis“happy”onthemorningofhisbirthday,discoveringanew

puppyboundingintohisbedroom.Ontheotherhand,theword“glad"conveysasenseofreliefor

contentment.Thethoughtofsomeonewhois“glad"conveystheimageofamanstanding

crossed-armed,noddinggently.

Granted,thenotionthatclosesynonymscanbeusedinterchangeablyisprevalentamongEnglish

speakers.However,usingtheexamplesandinsightsdescribedabove,onemaycometorecognizethese

subtle,yetcrucial,differences.

12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Closesynonymsaredifficulttocomprehend,andarecommonlyusedinterchangeably.

B.Contrarytopopularbelief,importantdifferencesexistbetweencomeclo^esynonyms.

C.Thedifferencebetweenthewords"hard”and"difficult“isvaguetomost

D.MostEnglishspeakersbelieveclosesynonymscanbeusedinterchangeably.

13.Whichisclosestinmeaningwith“utterlysingular“inthesecondparagraph?

A.justthesameB.quitetheoppositeC.verysimilarD.totallydifferent

14.Thewriterwouldagreethat.

第8页共91页

A.InEnglish,wehavemultiplewordswiththeexactsamemeaning

R.Closesynonymsshouldnotheusedinterchangeably

C.Bysaying“Itwashard”,onetriestosoundpoliteandformal

D.Thedifferencebetweenclosesynonymsaretoosubtleandthusunimportant

15.Itcanbeinferredthat.

A.dictionariesareoflittlehelpwhenitcomestoclarifyingthedifferencesbetweenclosesynonyms

B.closesynonymslike“happy"and"glacTarclargelymisusedamongEnglishspeakers

C.amilitarygeneralwouldneveruseawordlike"hard"or"happy”

D.Itisimpossibletorecognizetherealdifferencesbetweenclosesynonyms

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了与普遍的看法相反，近义词之间存在着重要的区别。

12.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Itisnotuncommonfbrclosesynonymstobeunderstoodtoshare

thesamemeaning.Thedifferencebetweenwordslike“hard"and“difficult"，fbrexample,goes

tragicallyunnoticed/'（相近的同义词被理解为具有相同的意思是很常见的。例如，像“hard”和

“difficult”这样的单词之间的区别，不幸地被忽视了。）和文章最后一段“However,usingthe

examplesandinsightsdescribedabove,onemaycometorecognizethesesubtle,yetcrucial,

differences”（然而，使用上面描述的例子和见解，人们可能会认识到这些微妙但至关重要的差异。）

可知，文章主要讲述了与普遍的看法相反，近义词之间存在着重要的区别。故选B。

13.词句猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Whilemanyclosesynonymssharesimilar,ifnotthesame,

dictionarydefinitions,thefeelingormoodtheyconveyisutterlysingularJ（虽然许多相近的同义词

在字典中有相似的定义，但它们表达的感觉或情绪是完全不同的）可知：while前后为转折关系，

前文提到了"similar”和“same”，划线词和“similar","same"意思相反。uiterlysingular意为“完全

不同的故选D。

14.推理判断题。根据文章第二段"Whilemanyclosesynonymssharesimilar,ifnotthesame,

dictionarydefinitions,thefeelingormoodtheyconveyisutterlysingular”（虽然许多相近的同义词在

字典中有相似的定义，但它们表达的感觉或情绪是完全不同的）可推知，作者会同意“近义词不

能互换使用”这个观点。故选B。

第9页共91页

15.推理判断题。根据文章第三段"Again,uponconsultingadictionary,onewillfindhighlysimilar,

ifnotthesame,definitions.Butthesedefinitionslackthefeeling,theuniqueemotionalchargethat

thesewordsconvey."（再一次，在查字典时，你会发现即使不相同，也是高度相似的定义。但这

些定义缺乏感觉，这些词所传达的独特的情感。）可推知，在澄清相近同义词之间的区别时，词

典是没有多大帮助的。故选A。

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

GuidetoHikingontheAppalachianTrail

HowdoI“LeaveNoTraceontheAppalachianTrail?”

Atabout2,189miles,theAppalachianTrailisthelongestsingleunitoftheNationalParkSystem.

Withthenumberofpeoplevisitingthisplaceincreasingeachyear,thechancesaregreatthatanyofus

maydamagethenaturalenvironmentalongtheTrailandaffecttheexperienceforothers.Sopleasedo

yourpartbyfollowingthesehikingandcampingpractices,andencourageotherstolearnaboutand

adoptthesetechniques.

1.Planaheadandprepare.

Evaluatetherisksassociatedwithyourouting,identifycampsitesanddestinationsinadvance,

andusemapsandguides.Preparefbrextremeweather,dangers,andemergencies-especiallythecold

-toavoidimpactsfromsearches,rescues,andcampfires.Learnwhenareasaremostcrowdedandtry

toavoidthosetimes.

2.Disposeofwasteproperly.

Packoutalltrashandfoodwaste,includingthatleftbehindbyothers.Don'tburytrashorfood,

anddon'ttrytobumpackagingmaterialsincampfires.Usetheprivy（茅房）fbrhumanwasteonly.Do

notaddtrash.Ifthereisnoprivy,disposeofhumanwastebyburyingitinahole,aholeatleast200

feet（80steps）fromcampsites,watersourcesandshelters,andwellawayfromtrails.

3.Leavewhatyoufind.

Leaveplants,culturalartifacts（文物）andothernaturalobjectswhereyoufoundthemfbrothers

toenjoy.Donotdamagelivetreesorplants;greenwoodburnspoorly.Collectonlyfirewoodthatis

dead,down,andnolargerthanyourwrist.Leavedeadstandingtreesanddeadlimbsonstandingtrees

forthewildlife.

4.Minimizecampfireimpacts.

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Usestovesforcooking-ifyouneedafire,buildoneonlywhereit'slegalandinanexistingfire

ring.Keepfiressmall.Neverleaveyourcampfireunattended,anddrownitwhenyouleave.Donottry

ioburntrash,includingplastic,glass,cans,leabags,food,oranythingwithfoodonit.Theseitemsdo

notburnthoroughly.Theycreateharmfulfumes,andattractwildlifelikeskunksandbears.

5.Respectwildlife

Don't能edordisturbwildlife.Storefoodproperlytoavoidattractingbears,varmints,androdents.

Ifyoubringapet,keepitleashed.

()1.BeforeyouhikeontheAppalachianTrail,youareadvisedto.

A.Leaveyourpetdogathome

B.bringsomefoodforthewildlifethere

C.preparefbrbadweatherandemergencies

D.avoidcrowdedperiodsandbookahotelinadvance

()2.Theunderlinedphrase“disposeof'probablymeans.

A.takecareofB.hideaway

C.makeuseofD.getridof

()3.IfyouneedafireontheAppalachianTrail,youshould.

A.collectfirewoodthatislargerthanyourwrist

B.keepitsmallanddrownitwhenyougoaway

C.bumorburyyourtrashbeforeyouleave

D.useittodriveawaywildlifelikeskunksandbear

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。作者给那些去阿巴拉契亚山道徒步旅行的户外探险者们提出一些应该学习

和遵守的事项。

I.细节理解题。根据文章第一条建议中的“Prepareforextremeweather,dangers,and

emergencies-especiallythecold-toavoidimpacts(影响)fromsearches,rescues,andcampfires."为极

端天气、危险和紧急情况(尤其是寒冷)做好准备，以避免搜索、救援和营火带来的影响。可知，

任阿巴拉契亚山道徒步旅行前，作者建议人们做好应对极端天气和紧急事件的准备。故选C。

第11页共91页

2.词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“byburyingitinahole,aholeatleast200feet(80steps)from

campsites,watersourcesandshelters,andwellawayfromtrails.”把它埋在一个洞里，这个洞距离露

营地、水源和庇护所至少200英尺(80步)，远离小径。可知如果没有厕所，人类的应该通过埋

坑的方式处理排泄物。所以换线词的意思为“处理故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第四条建议中的"ifyouneedafire,buildoneonlywhereit'slegalandinan

existingfirering.Keepfiressmall.Neverleaveyourcampfireunattended,anddrownitwhenyou

leave."如果你需要生火，只在合法的地方和现有的火场建一个。保持火要小。不要让你的营火

无人看管，离开时把它熄灭。可知，如果需要在阿巴拉契亚山道生火，要保证火势很小，离开

时用水把火熄灭，故选B。

B

LASVEGAS—Itwasdifferentinthelightofday.

Therewasno"pop,pop,pop“ofgunfire,noscreams.Justaquietlotofcarsabandonedbythose,

likeKassidyOwen,whoescapedwiththeirlives.

"It'sstrangetohearthesilence,Owensaid,“becauseallIrememberwasthenoise.^^

The22-year-oldwasoneofdozensofconcertgoerswhoreturnedtothesceneoftheRoute91

HarvestfestivalonWednesdaymorningtofetchthevehiclestheyleftbehindastheyfledfroma

gunmanrainingdownbulletsfromhighaboveinthetoweroftheMandalayBayResortandCasino

acrossthestreet.

SurvivorsofthedeadlymassshootinginLasVegasonSundayneededtheircarstomoveonwith

theirlives—togetbacktowork,toschool,home.Itwasthefirsttimetheywererelumingtoascene

thatwouldforeverchangethem,whenjoyandcelebrationandmusicturnedintokillingandhorror.

Bclbrctheycouldmoveforward,theyhadLugobackto由cplacewheretheyihougliltheywere

goingtodie.

Owenhadruntohercartohideandhadtriedtodriveaway,butshecouldn't.Peoplewere

running,bodiesdroppedtotheground,andcarsbottleneckedintheparkinglot.Duringabriefpause

aftermorethan10minutesofgunfire,sheworriedthelightsofherSUVmadeeveryoneinsidea

shiningtarget.

"They'reshootingagain!”herbestfriend'sbrotherscreamed.44Tumoffthecar!”

That'swhenshegotoutandfled.

44Ijustremembershuttingthedoorandrunning,nOwensaid.

Now,nearlythreedayslater,shewasback,sittinginthedriver'sseatofherSUV.Hereyeswere

第12页共91页

swollenandred.Thiswasalongwayfromover.

“Youjustkeephearingthegunshotsinyourhead,^^Owensaid.

()4.WhydidKassidyOwenreturntothesceneofterror?

A.lbgetbackhercarfordailylife.B.Toshowsympathytothevictims.

C.Tosearchforhermissingfriends.D.Tolookintothecauseoftheshooting.

()5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“bottlenecked“inParagraph7?

A.abandonedB.jammedC.stoppedD.left

()6.WhydidOwenkeephearingthegunshotsinherhead?

A.Becauseshehadescapedbeingcaught.

B.Becauseshewantedtofindthegunman.

C.Becauseshecouldn'tridherselfofthoseterriblescenes.

D.Becauseshehadsavedothers