江苏省南京市鼓楼区2021-2022学年八年级英语下册期末试卷

2021-2022学年南京市鼓楼区八年级下英语期末试卷第第页本卷考试时间100分钟总分100分第一卷选择题（满分50分）一、听力（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（略）二、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的AB、CD四个选项中，选出最佳选项。DoyouknowtheboycalledJack?Ofcourse.We’veknowneachother_______________wewerenineorten.before B.since C.until D.whenHowexpensivethemagazineis!Fashionmagazinescostmuch,_______________iftheyhavelotsofcolourpictures.A.especially B.mostly C.mainly D.exactly18.Toavoidbadexperiences,itisimportanttoknowthecultural_______________betweencountrieswhentravellingabroad.A.backgrounds B.programmes C.differences D.conditions19.Shallweholdacharityshowtoraisemoneyfor_______________?That’sagoodidea.Wecanhelpsomeblindchildreninpoorareas.UNICEF B.Oxfam C.WWF D.ORBISDaniel,canyou_______________whatBritishhumourmeans?Britishpeopleusuallylaughatthemselvestomakeotherpeoplefeellessnervous.A.expect B.excuse C.express D.explain21.Whynotbuysomerice,oilandnoodlesinthesupermarket?Don’tworry.Thegovernmentmakessurethatdailyitems___________atthismoment.aresold B.willbesold C.areselling D.havesold22.Theappleslooksolovely.Canwepicksome?Betternot.It’snotharvesttimenow.Just____________themtheretilltheyturnred.A.leave B.toleave C.leaving D.left23.YourGulliver’sTravelsseemslikeanoldone.Howlonghaveyouhadit?Quiteafewyears,butIforgetwhenI_______________it.A.havebought B.havehad C.wasbuying D.boughtMustwehandintheexercisewhentheclassisover,sir?I’mafraidso.You_______________finishitinfifteenminutes.can B.may C.will D.havetoSallydecidedtoworktomakemenandwomenequalinscience.Whatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingfoursentencestohelpformaparagraph?①Shewantedtoshowgirlsitisgoodtostudyscience.②ShealsocreatedWebsites.③Shewrotesciencebooks.④Sheevenstartedagirl’sscienceclub.A.①-③-②-④ B.①-④-②-③ C.③-①-②-④ D.③-②-①--④26.Canyougivemesomemoreadvicetodealwiththeproblem?Sorry,Ihave_______________ofmyideas.A.gotout B.runout C.cutout D.takenout27.WhatshouldyoudoinpublicplaceswhenyouareintheUK?A.Pushinbeforeothers B.Keepyourvoicedown.C.Standclosetootherswhenqueuing D.Greetpeoplewithakiss.NickYourswimmingcoachcalledaboutthisweek’sNickYourswimmingcoachcalledaboutthisweek’slesson.It’llbeonTuesday,notThursdayasitusuallyis.It’sstillat6o’clock,butwellhavetoleaveearlierby5:30.DadA.Dadcalledthecoachtochangethetime.B.Nick’slessonwillbefinishedat6o’clock.C.Nick’slessonthisweekisonadifferentday.D.Theswimmingcoachwon’tgiveNicklessons.29.IgotaBonBiology.IthoughtitwouldbeanA._______________You’redoingbetteratleast.YougotaClastterm.Whatapity! B.Whatashame! C.Comeon. D.BadluckMycousinreadabookondrivinglastmonthandnowhethinkshecandrive.Really?_______________Agoldenkeycanopenanydoor.Alittleknowledgeisadangerousthing.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithonestep.三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Haveyouheardof“thegreenhouseeffect”or“globalwarming”?Asweburnnaturalgas,oilandcoal,werelease（排放）CO2andother___31___gasescalled“greenhousegases”intotheair.Thesegasesactlikeablankettotraptheearth’sheatintheatmosphere（大气层）.The___32___isthatbothlandandseatemperaturesrise.___33___is“globalwarming”abadthing?TheansweristhatastheEarthwarmsup,thebalance（平衡）ofnaturechangesandtherewillbemorenaturaldisasters,___34___typhoons,floodsandstorms.Manyoftheplantsweeatdonotgrowwell___35___thetemperatureishigh.Asaresult,manypeoplemaydieofhunger.Manyplantsandanimalswillalsodieout.___36___ofall,thehugeamountsoficeintheArcticandAntarcticwillstarttomelt（融化）.This___37___theriseofthesealevel.Millionsofpeopleinlow-lyingcountriesmayhavetomovetocountriesabovethenewsealevel.Peopleincountriesthataretoohotmaytrytomovetocoolercountries.Windpower,waterpower,andsolarpowerarecleanresourcesthatdonot___38___greenhousegases.Manypeoplebuyelectriccarsbecausetheyare___39___totheenvironment.Globalwarmingisarealproblem.However,manypeopleandgovernmentsarenottakingit___40___enough.WemuststoptheproductionofgreenhousegasesbeforeourEarthgetsintomoretrouble.31.()A.harmful

B.natural C.useful D.special32.()A.answer B.accident C.situation D.result33.()A.How

B.What C.Why D.When34.()A.forexample B.suchas C.becauseof D.justas35.()A.until B.before C.if D.so36.()A.Least B.Worst C.First

D.Most37.()A.carrieson B.opensup C.helpswith D.leadsto38.()A.separate B.include C.provide D.produce39.()A.friendly B.close C.cheap D.open40.()A.carefully B.seriously C.closely D.wisely四、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分）请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAliisinterestedinfindingoutabouthowtohelpanimalsinhisneighbourhood.AnimalHomeWeprovideahomeforcatsanddogswhoseownersdon’twantthemanymore.Weneedyoungpeopletohelpuscleanoutthecagesandpreparefood.Ramonlivesbythesea.Heisworriedaboutpollutionthereandhewantstodosomethingaboutit.WildlifeWatchOurmonthlyoutingswillofferyouachancetotakeacloselookatthelocalwildlife.Comeandjoinus!Harpercaresmuchabouthowtodealwiththewasteinherschool.Shewantstoorganizesomeevents.BeachClean-upClubWeneedmoreyoungpeopletohelpuspickupalltheplasticbottlesandbagsonthebeach.Wealsoclearoilfromthesandandrocksandchecktoseeifthewaterisclean.Saffiaisananimal-lover.Sheiscrazyaboutwatchingwildanimals.ZeroWasteClubStartarecyclingclubatyourschool.Joinouronlinecommunityandshareideas.Thepurposeistomakeyourschoolazerowastearea.41.WhoistherightpersonforBeachClean-upClub?A.Saffia. B.Harper. C.Ali. D.Ramon.42.Studentscantakepartintheeventsorganizedby__________tomaketheirschoolgreen.A.AnimalHome B.WildlifeWatchC.BeachClean-upClubD.ZeroWasteClubBWecelebratedEarthDayinmycitylastweek.Theideaofthisspecialdaybeganinthe1960whenlifewasverydifferent.Fewpeopletalked,oreventhought,abouttheenvironment.Mostpeoplehadnoideahowdirtyourairandwaterwere.ThisworriedGaylordNelson,whowasasenator（参议员）intheUSgovernment,andhehadanidea.IfpeoplearoundtheworldknewtheEarthwasindanger,theymightworkhardertosaveit,sohejustneededtogettheirattention（注意）.ThefirstEarthDaywasjustintheUnitedStates,butitledtoeventseveryyearallaroundtheworldonApril22orthenearestweekenddependingonwhereyouare.Inmycity,lastSaturdayafternoonlotsofpeoplerodetheirbikesfromthepark,aroundthetowntogetherandbacktothepark,spendingasmuchtimeastheypossiblycould,sothatthecarshadtowait.Thenwetalkedtoallthedriversincarswhichjusthadonepersoninthem,toexplainhowwastefulthatisandhowmuchpollutionitcauses.Theideawastomakepeoplethinkabouthowmuchtheyusetheircars.Inotherplaces,peoplecollectedplasticbagsforaweekandthenmadeapileoftheminthetownsquare.Youcandoanythingaslongasitmakespeopleofallagescometogetherforafewhoursandtalkabouttheenvironment.Lastyearwehadabigmusiceventforyoungpeople.Somepeoplesaiditwasawasteoftime,buttherewasinformationforpeopletoreadandannouncements（公告）betweenthebandsabouthowtohelpprotecttheenvironment.Whatisthewritertryingtodo?TointroducedifferenteventsforEarthDay.ToexplainwhyEarthDayhappenseveryyear.Toaskpeopletotakepartinthisyear’sEarthDay.D.ToofferadvicetopeopleorganizinganEarthDayevent.44.WhathappenedonEarthDaythisyearinthewriter’scity?A.Peoplerodeslowlythroughthestreets.B.Carswerenotallowedinthecitycentre.C.Carshadtohavemorethanonepersoninthem.D.Therewasabigmusiceventaboutcarpollution.45.WhatdoesthewriterthinkisthemostimportantthingaboutEarthDayevents?A.Thereshouldbesomemusic. B.Theyshouldlastalldaylong.C.Youngpeopleshouldshowinterest. D.Peopleshouldtakeanactivepart.46.Whichsentencemaywereadintomorrow’snewspaperaboutEarthDay?EarthDayeventsareonthesamedayincountriesaroundtheworld.EarthDayeventsareonthesamedayincountriesaroundtheworld.ThefirstEarthDaywasunsuccessfultotheorganizers.ManymorecountriestakepartinEarthDaynowthanwhenitfirstbegan.GaylordNelsontravelledaroundtheworldtoadvisepeopletoorganizeeventsonthefirstÉarthDay.C ManymorecountriestakepartinEarthDaynowthanwhenitfirstbegan.GaylordNelsontravelledaroundtheworldtoadvisepeopletoorganizeeventsonthefirstÉarthDay.CSharonfirststartedvolunteeringattheageof16.Itwasthesummerbeforehighschool,andshehadn’treallyunderstoodthemeaningbehinddoingsomethingforothersuntilthatday.SharonwasjoiningacharitygrouptotheRonaldMcDonaldHouse(RMH)inDallas,Texas.RMHisa“home-away-from-home”forfamiliessotheycanstayclosebytheirhospitalized(住院的)childatlittleornocost.SharonremembersherfirsttimewalkingintoRMHnervousandafraidofsayingthewrongthing.Afteronly5minutes,shegottoknowfamilies.“Thatday,Iplayedwithkids,laughedwiththeadults,andheardmanystories.”saysSharon.Sincethen,shehasvolunteeredwithRMH.Shelikesthejoyhervolunteeringbringstoothers.AsmilethatwillalwaysliveinSharon’smemorycamefromagirlnamedCarolineapatientwhosefamilystayedatRMH.Carolinehadbonecancer（癌症）andhertreatmentmadeeatingverydifficultforher.OnedayCaroline’smomtriedhardtogethertoeatmoreofherdinner.Tohelp,SharontoldCaroline:Ifsheate5bites,Sharonwoulddowhatevershewanted.Sharondidn’tknowthatmeantdanceinfrontofeveryone!Caroline’sgringrewfromear-to-ear.“IfeellikeI’vebecomemorecaringandselflesssinceIstartedvolunteering.IsearchforjoyinthejoyIoffertoothers,”saysSharon.Sharonhasonepieceofadviceforthosewhohavenevervolunteered.“DOIT!JusttryitonceandIwon’tevenhavetotellyoutodoitagain.Volunteeringisoneofthosethingsyoucangointowithhighexpectations（期待）andyourexperiencetherewillbefarmorethanthat.”47.WhocangethelpfromRMH?A.TheGreenswhosesonisillinhospital.B.Timmywholosthishomeinanearthquake.C.Christopherwhocan’taffordtogotohospital.D.Justinwhowasbornwithintellectualdisabilities.48.HowwasSharonafterhervolunteering?A.Patient. B.Excited. C.Selfless. D.Thankful.49.Carolin’sgringrewfromear-to-earbecause______________________.A.shehadabigdinnerwithmom B.Sharon’sdancemadeherlaughC.hermomcookedheranicemeal D.Sharonlikedtodanceinpublic50.WhatdoesSharonmeanbysaying“Iwon’tevenhavetotellyoutodoitagain.”?A.Youdon’thavetodotoomuchvolunteering.B.Youwillneverstopvolunteeringafteryoustartit.C.Youwon’tstartvolunteeringuntilyou’retoldtodo.D.Youwillneverdovolunteeringagainaftertryingonce.第二卷非选择题（满分50分）五、语言基础知识（共20小题；每小题1分,满分20分）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。Lily,pleasewashthedishesaftersupper.No,dad.I’msureit’syour____________（轮流）todothat.“Everychildhasa____________（权利）toeducation.Youmustsendyourdaughtertoschool,”apolicemansaidtotheyoungmother.Wouldyouliketohaveasecondpieceofcake,Suzy?Thankyou.Itseemstoogoodto____________（拒绝）.54.AlthoughborninAmerica,GuAilinghassome____________（相似的）tasteinfoodtous,suchaseatingJiucaihezi.55.Somestudentsoftenwritetheirarticles____________（粗心地）withoutnoticingpunctuationmarks.请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。56.I’mintheschoolfootballteam,soIdofootball___________(train)atleasttwiceaweek.57.Tobeagoodstudent,youshouldplanyourtimewellanduseeveryminute______(wise).58.It’sproperforus____________(shake)handswithotherswhenwearefirstintroducedtoeachother.59.Ifyouhavetopushpastothers,remembertoavoid____________(touch)theirbodies.60.Thecarsometimesgoeswrong.Itmaycauseaccidentsifit____________(notcheck)rightaway.据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或词组填空，使短文内容完整正确。need need madeinto thousandsof takenout filledwithFirst,theoilis______61______fromtheearth.Thenoiliscleanedandismadeintoplasticpellets（颗粒）inaplasticfactory.Andplasticpelletsare______62______bottlepreforms（粗加工的成品）.Preformsareheatedandshapedintobottles.Thebottlesarebroughttothebottlingfactorywheretheyare______63______water.Thebottlesarereadyandtheyaretransportedtotheshop.Bottlesofwateraresoldandbroughtto______64______houses.Mostoftheplasticbottlesarethrownawayandendupinlandfills（垃圾填埋场）orintheenvironment.Theplasticbottles______65______5400to1,000yearstobreakdown.Theyshouldbecollectedandsenttoafactorythatturnsthemintootherplasticproducts.请根据汉语句子及后面括号中的提示，将下列句子译成英语。本次慈善义演是为了募集资金。(Thepurposeof…)—————————————————————————————————因为每年许多人看不起病。(affordto….)—————————————————————————————————一部分钱用来支付他们的医疗费。(beused….)—————————————————————————————————我们也需要一些资金继续开展工作。(carryonwith….)—————————————————————————————————如果大家都伸出援手，这个世界会更美好。(ahelpinghand)—————————————————————————————————六、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）A)请认真阅读下面短文，在文章后的表格中第71~80小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。Charityisbigbusiness:in2020about410billionyuanwasraisedforcharityinChina.Buteveryyearthereismoresufferinginthenews.Sometimesitfeelslikepeopleaskusformoneyeverywherewego.Withsomanycharities,howcantheygetenoughmoney?Charityisnotamodernidea.Overtheyearspeoplehavefoundnewandinterestingwaystogetthemoneytheyneed.In3500BCKingHammurabaiofBabylonencourage（鼓励）hispeopletosharetheirwealthwiththeirpoorestneighbours.Forthousandsofyears,theworld’smainreligions（宗教）haveencouragedpeopletodothesame.Inthe1970smoreandmorepeoplehadtelevisions,socharitiesmadefilmsofsuffering（受苦）childrenandbroughttheworldproblemsstraightintopeople’shomes.The1980swasatimeofbigbusiness,socharitiesbecamemorebusiness-like:theymademoneybymakingandsellingeverythingfromChristmascardstosummerholidays!Inthe1990s,famouspeoplelikeClaudiaSchifferandMichaelJordanmademillionsofdollarforbiginternationalcompanieslikeCitroenandNike.Socharitiesstartedusingfamouspeopletoo.Duringthe1990sStingplannedmusiceventsfortheRainforestFoundation.Withhelpfromothersingers,heearnedmorethan$10milliontohelpprotectthelivesofpeoplelivinginrainforests.Today,charitiesareusingthe“personaltouch”toearnmoney.Peoplegivemorewhentheycanseetheirmoneyworkingintheareatheylivein,andwhentheyhaveapersonalrelationship（关系）withthecharity.SomepeoplenevergivetocharitiesTheysaythattheirmoneycannotmendtheseworld-wideproblems.Thisistrue,butmostpeopleknowthatalittlehelpisbetterthannone.Lookmorecloselyatcharityworkandyouwillseethateachpersoncandosomethingtomakeourworldbetter.CharitiesBigbusinessIn2020people____71____about410billionyuantocharityinChina.Waysofraisingmoneyindifferent____72____In3500BCInBabylonthe____73____wereencouragedtosharetheirwealthwiththepoor.Inthe1970sTVhelpedto____74____thenewsofsufferingchildrenandtheworld’sproblemsquicklyandwidely.Inthe1980sCharitiesmademoneyby____75____likebusinesses.Inthe1990sCharitiesraisedmoneywiththe____76____offamouspeople.TodayPeoplewillgivemoreiftheirmoneyworksinthe____77____area.Peopleare____78____togivemorewhentheyhaveacloserelationshipwiththecharity.____79____Everyonecandosomethingtohelp.Alittlehelpcanmakeabig____80____.请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。Chinaisanoldcountrywitharichculture.WhentravellingtoChina,understandingChinesecultureandcustomsisi___________(81)foryoutobehaveinagoodway.It’sbecomingpopularforforeignerstobeinvitedintoChinesehomes.BeinginvitedtoaChinesefamily’shomecanbeawonderfulandwarme___________(82).Chinesepeopleareknowntobeverywelcoming（好客）.Whenyou’reinvitedtoaChinesefamily’shome,makesureyouarriveontime.Don’tforgettosaygoodwordsabouts___________(83)youlikeinthehouse.Giftsareusuallygivenwhenvisitingsomeone’shomeorbeinginvitedfordinner.Chinesepeopleliketor___________(84)fruitorteainaniceboxorbasket.Aftersomesmalltalks,comesthedinner.AChinesedinnertableisahappyplace,f___________(85)ofdeliciousfoodandconversation.Wheninvitedoverfordinner,makesuretonoticewhateverybodyelseisdoingandtrytodothes___________(86).You’dbettereatplentyoffoodtoshowyou’reenjoyingit.Don’tfinishoffthewholedish,butleaveasmallamountoffoodontheplates.Itshowsthatthehosthasp___________(87)enoughfood.Forforeigners,Chinesepeoplemaybeverycurious（好奇的）.Chinesepeoplearen’tafraidtoaskpersonalquestions,evenifyou’vemetforthef___________(88)time.So,don’tbesurprisedtobeaskedthingslikeyourage,youreducationoryourwork.Youdonothavetoanswerthesequestions.Ifyoudon’twanttotalkaboutyourownlife,j___________(89)explaintothem.EnjoyyourselfinthewarmandwelcomingworldofthelocalChinese.Asag___________(90)inChina,youwillgetspecialtreatment.Andyourhostsmakesureyouwillhaveagoodtime.七、书面表达（满分10分）假如你是LiHua，曾在你校交流学习的Daniel给你写了一封邮件。请你根据Daniel的邮件内容及下面所给的关于ProjectHope的相关信息，用英语回一封电子邮件。DearLiHua,DearLiHua,I’msorryfornotreplyingtoyouremail.I’mbusywithmyvolunteerworkforUNICEF.IrememberthatyouareaProjectHopevolunteer.Wouldyoupleasetellmesomethingaboutit?AndwhathaveyoudoneforProjectHope?Also,I’dliketoknowyourfeelingsaboutyourvolunteerwork.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Bestwishes,DanielProjectHopeTimesetupin1989Purposehelpchildreninpoorareas...注