2025年高二英语寒假衔接讲练 (译林版)专题03 过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态(知识讲解+高考必考题型练)(学生版)

专题03过去进行时、过去完成时的被动语态目录考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破核心考点聚焦高考考点聚焦常考考点真题举例过去完成时的被动语态2022北京卷过去进行时的被动语态2020全国乙卷一.过去进行时的被动语态1.构成(1)肯定式：主语+was/werebeingdone(+其他).Anotherbridgewasbeingbuiltinthevillagethen.那时村庄上正在建造另一座桥。(2)否定式：主语+was/werenotbeingdone(+其他).Theproposalwasnotbeingcarriedoutwell.那个建议进展得不顺利。(3)一般疑问式：Was/Were+主语+beingdone?Wasanewlibrarybeingsetupintheirschooljustthen?他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？(4)特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+was/were(+主语)+beingdone?Whatwasbeingdonetothepollution?(你们)在对这个污染采取什么措施？2.用法：(1)表示在过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。Hewasbeinginterviewedbyourheadmasterthen.他当时正在接受我们校长的面试。Thisfilmwasbeingshownatthattime.这部电影那个时候正在放映。(2)少数及物动词的过去进行时表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的动作。Somerockmusicwasbeingplayedbythemnext.下面将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。Apartywasbeingheldatthehalltonight.今晚大厅将举办一场晚会。二.过去完成时的被动语态1.构成(1)肯定式：主语+hadbeendone(+其他).Themediareportedthatmorethan1,000peoplehadbeenkilledintheearthquake.媒体报道有1000多人在地震中丧生。(2)否定式：主语+hadn'tbeendone(+其他).Severalmonthslater,theminorityofthebuildingswhichhadnotbeendamagedintheearthquakewererepaired.几个月后，少部分在地震中损坏的建筑物还没得到了修复。2.用法过去完成时的被动语态通常表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。具体使用场合：(1)过去的两个动作发生的先后顺序能通过语境判断出来，先发生的被动动作用过去完成时表示。(2)用于一些主从复合句或含有特定时间状语的简单句中。Hetoldmethattheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.他告诉我票已经卖完了。Thenewspaperreportedmorethan100peoplehadbeenkilledinthehurricane.报纸报道说有一百多人在飓风中丧生。Thoughhehadbeentoldmytelephonenumbermanytimes,hestillcouldn'trememberit.虽然已经告诉他我的电话号码很多次了，但他还是记不住。1.过去进行时的被动语态/一般过去时的被动语态过去进行时的被动语态强调的是在过去的某个时间点正在进行的被动动作，一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个被动动作已经发生。Thefarmersaidthepolicemencametotheirrescuetimelywhentheywerebeingtrappedinthesnowstorm.这位农民说他们被困在暴风雪中时，警察及时赶来救了他们。Mysonsparednoefforttopreparehimselfforthecollegeentranceexam,andfinallyhewasadmittedtotheuniversityhehadbeendreamingof.我儿子不遗余力地为高考做准备，最终他被他一直梦想的大学录取了。2.过去完成时的被动语态/现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态表示相对于现在来说已被完成的动作，过去完成时的被动语态表示相对于过去某一时刻来说已被完成的动作。Manywordshavebeenaddedtothiseditionofthedictionary.这一版本的词典上增加了许多词。Theprofessorwasverydelightedtofindthattwothirdsoftheprojecthadbeenfinishedbythestudentsindependently.教授非常高兴地发现，学生们已独立完成了该项目的三分之二。3.特殊句式(1)用于"Itwasthefirst/second/...timethat+主语+hadbeendone(+其他)"句型中。ItwasthefirsttimethatthemeetinghadbeenheldinZhengzhou.那是该会议第一次在郑州召开。(2)在虚拟条件句中，条件从句表示对过去情况的假设时：if+主语+hadbeendone(+其他)。IfIhadbeeninvitedearlier,Iwouldhavegonethere.如果早点儿邀请我的话，我就去那儿了。真题感知1.(2022北京卷)ItwasoneofmykindergartenerswhoIthoughtwasabsentthatday.He(drop)offatschoollateandwasunabletoopenthedoor.答案：hadbeendropped解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：是我幼儿园的一个孩子，我以为他那天没来。他放学晚了，没能打开门。根据句意，动作表示“过去的过去”，主语和dropoff是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态。故填hadbeendropped。2.(2022全国乙卷)Anumberofexperimentsruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhatthey_____________(ask).答案：werebeingasked解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。根据句意，表示过去某个时间问的动作正在进行。主语they和ask是被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态。故填werebeingasked。提升专练一、单句语法填空1.Whenaskedaboutthecauseoftheaccident,themaninchargedidn’trevealanythingandsaidit(investigate)2.--DidyouseeJackintheteacher’sofficeearliertoday?--Yes.He(question)byhisclassteacheratthattime.3.What(discuss)duringthistimeatmeetingyesterday?4.Theoldhouse(repair),andthegardenwasbeingtendedto.5.Therewasalotofnoiseoutsideasrepairwork(do)tothehouse.6.Theroad(widen)whenIpassedbythevillage.7.LastFriday,myclassmatesandIcametothenearbylibrarytoreadbooks,butonlytobetoldthatit(decorate).8.Lindawashappytoknowthatshe(select)fortheschoolvolleyballteam.9.Allthecashcrops(经济作物)(export)beforeweplacedanorder.10.Thewitness(question)bypolicewhenIgotthereyesterday.11.AhugeChristmastree(decorate)withminicarswhenwegottothehall.12.(2023上·江苏泰州·高二靖江高级中学校考阶段练习)Themovie(watch)byalargeaudiencewhenthefirealarmwentoff.13.LiPingsaidthathisbike(repair)then.14.Shewas(carry)aparcelofbooksunderherarm.15.Thethief(question)bythepolicewhenhisfathercamein.16.Astudyin1970foundthat80,000computers(use)inbusinessthenintheUnitedStates.17.Theexperiment(conduct)inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.18.Researcherswarnedthatfireflies(threaten)bylightpollutionandpesticides,whichmaycausetheirextinction.19.Themanstoppedfromtimetotimeasiftocheckwhetherhe(follow).20.Thenpeoplebegantoplaymusicinthecinemawhilethefilm(show).21.Shehadafeelingthatshe(spy)on.22.Theseriousexpressiononhisfacesuggestedthatanimportantmatter(consider)byhim.23.Afterthemeeting,wewenttothesupermarkettodosomeshopping,onlytobetoldthatit(decorate).24.Theinjuredboy(take)tothehospitalwhenhisparentsgotthere.25.Thistimelastweek,theproblem(discuss)bythecommittee.26.Itisreportedthatonehundredfarms(select)toprovidesafeandbrandedfoodtotheWorldExpothistimelastyear.27.Whenamanthrewhisarmaroundmynecksaying“Justbequiet!”IknewI(attack).28.Bythetimehediedin2016,Ali(be)recognizedasoneofthe(great)boxersofalltime.29.Bytheendoflastweekdozensofcases.(settle)30.Heaskedmenottoworrytoomuchastheinjuredman(send)tohospital.31.OnedaywhenIcamehome,IfoundabookcalledPrideandPrejudiceonthedesk.(leave)32.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.33.(2023上·广东东莞·高二校考阶段练习)Thetickets(sell)outbeforeIcametothecinema.34.Unfortunately,whenIgotthere,theoldhouse(pull)downalready.35.Bythetimehegottotheschool,thefirstclass(finish).36.Thedevice(use)operationallysomemonthspreviously.37.(2023上·全国·高二专题练习)Theearthquake(predict)severaldaysbefore.38.Thetask(finish)before12:00yesterday.39.AsIwanderedaround,Iwasalittledisappointedtoseetheoldbuildings(replace)withnewhigh-riseones.40.Bythetimetheengineerssolvedallthetechnicalproblems,theplantobuildaplant(desert).41.Thebridge(build)bytheendoflastyear.42.Thechildrenwereamusedtoseethattheman(fool)bythem.43.WhenIreachedthestation,thetickets(sell)out.44.Theninecoalminers(trap)inthecoalminefor20hoursbeforewecametotheirrescue.45.YesterdayweexpressedourcongratulationstoTom,who(elect)chairmanofourStudents’Association.46.(2023上·辽宁·高二辽宁实验中学校考阶段练习)Thedetoxwasmoredifficult(tolerate)thanIhadexpected.Butonreflection,Icanseehowmuchofmytime(occupy)withcheckingmyphone.47.(2023上·广东东莞·高二校考期中)ItwasthefirsttimethatI(ask)tosinginpublicandIwasabitnervous.48.WhenIfoundoutthatI(cheat)byhim,Iwasreallyhurtandletgoofourfriendship.49.(2023上·江苏扬州·高二统考阶段练习)ThiswasthefirsttimethatI(criticize)bytheteacherinpublic.50.(2023上·广东东莞·高二校考期中)Itwasthefirsttimethathisbook(translate)intomanylanguages.二.英汉互译1.当我到达会议室时，一场会议正在那里举行。2.烟花在城市上空燃放，突然照亮了夜空。_________________________________________________________________________________________3.Thecanteenwasbeingdecoratedwhenwearrived._____________________________________________________________________________________4.Theyimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeopleandsoontheyouthofthecountrywerebeingsweptalongonwavesofjoyousrockandrollmusicandthehope