2025年高二英语寒假衔接讲练 (译林版)第01讲 选择必修第三册 Unit 1 Wish you were here(知识讲解+高考必考题型练)(学生版)

第01讲选择必修第三册Unit1Wishyouwerehere目录新知导航：熟悉课程内容、掌握知识脉络基础知识：知识点全面梳理，掌握必备重点记忆：关键点快速记忆，提升能力小试牛刀：考点剖析+过关检测，合理应用核心单词讲解1.unfoldvi.&vt.开花；展开，打开；展示，展现(1)unfoldbefore呈现在……面前unfold…to将(以前保密的事情)告诉(2)foldvt.&vi.折叠，对折n.褶，褶痕foldone’sarms 交叉双臂foldsth.inhalf/intotwo 把……对折foldsth.intosth. 把……调入；拌入foldup 折叠，折起2.distinctadj.截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的(1)bedistinctfrom与……不同(2)distinctly adv.清晰地(3)distinction n.差别，区别adistinctionbetween...and...……和……之间的区别withoutdistinction 无差别，一视同仁地3.carvevt.侵蚀，冲刷；雕，刻；奋斗取得；把(熟肉)切成块(1)carve...from...用……雕刻……o... 把……雕刻成……carveout 开拓(事业)；提高(地位)carveup 分割，划分(2carvingn.雕刻术；雕刻品4.mightyadj.巨大的，非凡的；强而有力的mightn.威力；强大力量5.splendidadj.壮丽的，雄伟的；极佳的，非常好的(1)splendidscene壮丽的景象splendidchance极好的机会(2)splendidlyadv.辉煌地；华丽地；极好地6.apartfrom除了……外(还)，此外；除了……外(都)，要不是tellapart区分，分辨takeapart 拆开，拆散7.minorityn.少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人(1)beina/theminority占少数；成为少数派(2)minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的vi.兼修(3)majority n.大部分；大多数beina/themajority 占多数；成为多数派(4)major adj.主要的；重要的n.专业课vi主修，专攻majorin 主修8.samplevt.尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验n.样本，样品；取样samplesb./sth.抽样调查某人/某物；品尝某物arandomsample 随机抽样asamplesurvey 抽样调查thebloodsample(s) 血样9.offthebeatentrack不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远ontheright/wrongtrack想/做法对/不对onthetrackof 追踪；寻找；探究lose/keeptrackof 与……失去/保持联系；(不)了解……的动态10.depthn.最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚(1)thedepthof……的深处adepthof……深indepth深入地，全面地(2)deepadj.深的；adv.深深地(指的是具体深度)(3)deeplyadv.深深地(抽象意义地上的深度)11.accommodationn.住处(1)accommodatevi.&vt.适应；提供住宿；容纳accommodate(oneself)to使(自己)适应(2)accommodatingadj.与人方便的；随和的12.surroundingadj.周围的，附近的(1)surroundvt.围绕，环绕；包围besurroundedby/with 被……包围/环绕(2)surroundings n.周围的事物；环境13.harmonyn.融洽，和睦；和谐(1)inharmonywith与……和谐(2)harmonious adj.融洽的，和睦的；和谐的(3)harmoniously adv.融洽地；和谐地14.sustainvt.使保持，使稳定持续；维持；遭受sustainableadj.能持续的；可持续发展的sustainability n.持续性15.mannern.方式，方法；举止；(manners)礼貌ina/the...manner以……的方式inthemannerof 以……的风格Itisgood/badmannerstodosth. 做某事有礼貌/没礼貌16.consumptionn.消耗，消耗量；消费(1)consume vt.消耗；消费(2)consumer n.消费者17.comedownto可归结为，可归纳为comedown(温度、价格等)降低；坍塌；(雨、雪等)落下comeacross (偶然)遇见；被理解comeabout 发生comeout 露出；显露；出版cometo 被想出；合计comeupwith 想出comeup 上升；破土而出；发生18.makeone’sway去，前往feelone’sway 谨慎小心地进行，摸索前进fightone’sway 奋斗前进，打开一条道路loseone’sway 迷路；误入歧途forceone’sway 挤出去，冲出去pushone’sway 推开(人群)通过，挤过pickone’sway 小心走路windone’sway 蜿蜒前进19.resolutionn.决心，决定；决议；解决(1)makearesolutiontodosth. 决定做某事pass/adopt/carryaresolution 通过一项决议(2)resolve vt.解决；决定，决心resolvetodosth. 决定/决心做某事resolvethat... 决定/决心……20.setoff动身，出发；引爆，引发setaside 把……放一边；留出setdown 写下，记下setup 建立，创办；竖起setout(for) 前往；动身；出发；着手；阐述setaboutdoingsth./setouttodosth. 着手做某事21.beatdown(阳光)强烈照射，曝晒Beatagainst/on/at打在beatoff战胜，击败beatup痛打，打伤；责备，批评beatout扑灭；敲打出节奏22.contrastvi.形成对比vt.对比，对照(1)contrastwith 与……形成对比(对照)contrast...with... 把……和……对比(对照)(2)contrast n.差异；差别；对照物acontrastto... 与……不同的人或物by/incontrast 相比之下incontrastto/with 与……形成对比23.starvevi.&vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿(1)starvetodeath 饿死(2)starvation n.饥饿，饿死(3)starved adj.挨饿的bestarvedof 渴望/急需/缺少……24.departuren.离开，起程(1)departurefrom 从……的离开(2)depart vi.离开，起程departfrom 离开……departfor 动身前往……25.fetchvt.(去)拿来，(去)请来fetchsb./sth.fromsp. 把某人/某物从某地接来/取来26.possessionn.私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有(1)takepossessionof 接手，开始拥有insb.’spossession 为某人所拥有的inpossessionof 拥有inthepossessionof 被……所拥有(2)possess vt.拥有，持有二、重点词块速记1.apartfrom除了……外(还)，此外； 除了……外(都)，要不是

2.offthebeatentrack 不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远

3.comeasnosurprise 不足为奇，毫不奇怪

4.bymeansof 用，依靠

5.inturn 反过来；转而；轮流，依次

6.bringabout

带来；导致；引起

7.bethoughttobe... 被认为是……8.participatein 参加9.beexposedto 接触；暴露于……10.behometo ……的家园11.berankedas 被列为……；被评为……12.avarietyof 各种各样的13.comedownto可归结为，可归纳为14.makeone’swayto去，前往15.setoff 出发；动身

16.besurroundedby 被……包围

17.towerabove 远远胜过；大大高出

18.onallsides 到处；在各方面

19.beatdown (阳光)强烈照射，曝晒

20.beabouttodosth. 即将做某事

21.revealitself 呈现，出现；被认知

22.atthesametime 同时23.rushtodosth. 急忙做某事24.wellandtruly 完完全全地25.wanderover 徘徊26.lineup 排成一列27.bealivewith 到处都是28.inthedistance 在远处三、重点句型剖析1.TotheeastofthePacificcoastrisethegrandRockyMountains,whicharehometohighpeaksanddeepvalleyscarvedbyiceandwater.(完全倒装)太平洋海岸向东耸立着巍峨的落基山脉,这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川与水流侵蚀而成的深谷。2.OnetrulyuniquescenicspotinCanadaisthemightyNiagaraFallswithwaterrushingoveritsedgeinasplendiddisplayofsightsandsounds.(with复合结构)加拿大真正独一无二的一处景点是气势恢宏的尼亚加拉瀑布,水流从边缘倾泻而下,景象壮观,水声轰鸣。3.SomeofCanada’searliestsettlers,whoarethoughttobeancestorsoftheindigenouspeoples,crossedtheBeringStraitbymeansofalandbridgefromaplacenowknownasSiberia.(主语+be+thought+todo)加拿大最早的一些移民被认为是土著居民的祖先,从现称作西伯利亚的地方经由大陆桥穿越白令海峡而来。4.Shouldyoufindyourselfinoneofthesesubcultures,languages,cuisine,architecture,artandmusicwilldefineyourencounter.(省略倒装)如果你发现自己置身于其中一种亚文化中,那么它的语言、饮食、建筑、艺术和音乐都会说明你邂逅的是何种文化。5.Fromthetoweringmountainpeakstothedepthsoftheforeststotheurbancenters,Canada’sgeographicalwonders,ethnicgroupsandtheirculturesmakeitauniqueplacetoliveandvisit.(make复合结构)从高耸的山峰到森林深处,再到城市中心,加拿大的地理奇观、种族群体和文化使它成为一个独特的居住和旅游胜地。6.Whileavoidingflyingisnotalwayspractical,wecanhelpimprovetheenvironmentbytravellingonlocalpublictransportorevenonfootwhereverpossible.(状语从句的省略)虽然避免乘坐飞机并不总是可行的,但我们可以尽可能乘坐当地的公共交通工具,甚至在可能的地方步行来帮助改善环境。

7.Itwasn’tlongbeforeweweresurroundedbyenormoussanddunestoweringaboveusonallsides.(Itwasn’tlongbefore...不久……)很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。8.Therewerefivesimilarhuts,alllinedupfacingMountKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.(独立主格结构)有五间类似的小屋,都排成一排,面向非洲的最高山脉——乞力马扎罗山。9.Eventually,asthelastraysofsunlightwerefallingonthesand,wearrivedatourdesertcamp.(as引导时间状语从句)最后,当夕阳的余晖洒在沙地上时,我们到达了我们的沙漠营地。、重点句型with的复合结构(教材原句)OnetrulyuniquescenicspotinCanadaisthemightyNiagaraFallswithwaterrushingoveritsedgeinasplendiddisplayofsightsandsounds.

加拿大真正独特的一处景点是雄伟壮阔的尼亚加拉瀑布,水流从瀑布边缘倾泻而下,景色壮观,水声轰鸣。with的复合结构with+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词/副词/介词短语/动词分词，动词不定式)(2)with复合结构中的动词形式在with复合结构中,动词作宾语补足语时,若动词与宾语之间是主动关系,则用现在分词;若是被动关系,则用过去分词;若该动作尚未发生,则用动词不定式。2.省略倒装(教材原句)Shouldyoufindyourselfinoneofthesesubcultures,languages,cuisine,architecture,artandmusicwilldefineyourencounter.

如果你发现自己正置身于某种亚文化中,那么它的语言、饮食、建筑、艺术和音乐都会说明你邂逅的是何种文化。省略倒装的其他情况除了should外,had和were也能用于这种结构。3.Makeit+n.+动词不定式(教材原句)Fromthetoweringmountainpeakstothedepthsoftheforeststotheurbancenters,Canada’sgeographicalwonders,ethnicgroupsandtheirculturesmakeitauniqueplacetoliveandvisit.

从高耸的山峰到森林深处,再到城市中心,加拿大的地理奇观、种族群体和文化使它成为一个独特的居住和旅游胜地。Makeit+n.+动词不定式和“make+it(形式宾语)+宾语补足语+todo(真正宾语)”结构的区别。除了make外,用于“v.+it(形式宾语)+宾语补足语+todo(真正宾语)”结构的常见动词还有:find,think,feel,consider,believe,suppose等。4.倒装(教材原句)TotheeastofthePacificcoastrisethegrandRockyMountains,whicharehometohighpeaksanddeepvalleyscarvedbyiceandwater.

太平洋海岸向东耸立着巍峨的落基山脉,这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川与水流侵蚀而成的深谷。表示地点或方位的介词短语或副词位于句首时,句子用全部倒装。全部倒装两点提醒(1)表示地点或方位的介词短语或副词位于句首时,如果主语是代词,不用完全倒装,(2)当主语比较长时,为了保持句子平衡,把表语放在句首,句子完全倒装,形成“表语+系动词+主语”的结构。5.while省略(教材原句)Whileavoidingflyingisnotalwayspractical,wecanhelpimprovetheenvironmentbytravellingonlocalpublictransportorevenonfootwhereverpossible.虽然避免乘坐飞机并不总是可行的,但我们可以尽可能乘坐当地的公共交通工具,甚至在可能的地方步行来帮助改善环境。

一览“状语从句的省略”(1)在省略的状语从句中,连词后除了跟现在分词和形容词外,还可以是名词、介词短语、过去分词或动词不定式。(2)状语从句省略的条件为:主从句主语一致或从句主语为it,且从句中有be动词。6.Itwasn’tlongbefore…(教材原句)Itwasn’tlongbeforeweweresurroundedbyenormoussanddunestoweringaboveusonallsides.很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。

(1)Itwon’tbe+时间段+before... 过不了……就会……(2)Itwas+时间段+before... 过了……才……(3)Itwillbe+时间段+before... 还要过……才……【知识延伸】“It+be+时间+连词+从句”句型(1)It+be+时间段+since+从句自从……以来已经有多长时间了(2)It+was+时间点+when+从句当某事发生时是什么时候(3)It+be+时间状语+that+从句是什么时间发生某事(强调句型)7.as状语从句(教材原句)Eventually,asthelastraysofsunlightwerefallingonthesand,wearrivedatourdesertcamp.最后,当夕阳的余晖洒在沙地上时,我们到达了我们的沙漠营地。as状语从句面面观(1)as除了引导时间状语从句外,还可引导原因、让步、方式和比较状语从句。(2)as引导让步状语从句时要把形容词、副词、名词或动词原形放到as前面,此时可用though替代。8.独立主格结构(教材原句)Therewerefivesimilarhuts,alllinedupfacingMountKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.

有五间类似的小屋,都排成一排,面向非洲的最高山脉——乞力马扎罗山。独立主格结构构成:(2)作用:独立主格结构是一种特殊的分词结构,其作用相当于一个状语从句或并列句。重点语法(非限制性定语从句)一.概念非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。没有它,主句也能独立存在;非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不密切,它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。需注意的是,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。二、关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句1.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。TheChineseSpeechContest,whichI’dliketoinviteyoutoparticipatein,willfocusonthetraditionalChineseculture.我想邀请你参加这次汉语演讲比赛,它将以中国传统文化为主题。2.who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。OurEnglishteacher,whoisnow45yearsold,hasbeenteachingusEnglishsinceshegraduatedfromcollege.我们的英语老师今年45岁了,自从大学毕业以来,她就一直教我们英语。3.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,一般不能省略。Ninetystudentsfromtwentyclassesparticipatedintherace,amongwhomthirtyweregirls.来自20个班的90名学生参加了比赛,其中30名是女生。4.whose既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语,先行词是人时,whose+n.相当于the+n.+ofwhom。先行词是物时,whose+n.相当于the+n.+ofwhich。LiLei,whosefatherisateacher,ismydeskmatewhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.李雷,他的父亲是一名教师,是我的同桌,他经常帮助我学习英语。5.as既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。Asweallknow,smokingdoesharmtopeople’shealth.众所周知,吸烟有害健康。as/which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别项目aswhich指代引导的从句通常指代整个主句的内容引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容,又可指代主句的一部分位置引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后引导的从句不能位于主句之前意义正如,正像这,这一点as和which引导非限制性定语从句时还有以下方面的不同:(1)在从句中作定语时,要用which,不用as。Jennymightcome,inwhichcaseI’llaskher.詹妮可能会来,要是那样的话我就去问她。(2)当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或含着一个复合宾语时,一般用which而不用as。Hepretendednottoknowme,whichIdidn’tunderstand.他假装不认识我,这是我搞不明白的。Headmireseveryoneinhisclass,whichIfindquitestrange.他羡慕他班里的每个学生,我认为这太奇怪了。(3)as引导非限制性定语从句的最大特点是位置灵活;其次,as有以下常见的,而which不具备的“固定表达”:Asisknowntoall,fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.众所周知,鱼离开水是不能生存的。(4)在非限制性定语从句中,which后的be动词不可省;而as后的be动词可以省略:Shetoldmeshewonthematch,whichwasalie.她告诉我她赢了比赛,那是个谎言。Thematerialiselastic,as(was)showninthefigure.正如图中所示,这种材料是有弹性的。(5)如果主句中叙述的事情与从句所涉及的意向一致,多用as,用以对主句的意义进行补充;如果不一致,就用which:Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.她又结婚了,这是意料之中的事。Hebroketherulesagain,whichwasunexpected.他又违反了规定,这是出乎意料的。三、关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句当先行词指时间或地点,且在定语从句中作状语时,用when,where引导非限制性定语从句,why不引导非限制性定语从句,但可用forwhich代替。TomwillputoffthepicnicuntilSeptember7th,whenhewillbefree.汤姆将野餐推迟到9月7日,届时他将有空。Lastsummer,IwenttoHangzhouformyholiday,whereIstayedforaweek.去年夏天,我去杭州度假,在那里我待了一周。Tomhadtoldthemthereason,forwhichhedidnotgoonthejourney.汤姆告诉了他们他没有去旅行的原因。四、“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句在“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句中,whom指人,which指物。Wemarchedthroughthesquare,inthemiddleofwhichstoodamonument.我们穿过广场,广场中央立着一座纪念碑。Thesenewneighbors,towhomIwasintroducedyesterday,havecomeherefromBeijing.这些新邻居是北京来的,昨天我被介绍同他们认识了。五、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1.引导词不同:关系代词that,关系副词why均不可以引导非限制性定语从句。2.非限制性定语从句与主句关系不很密切,中间用逗号隔开,译成汉语时,通常译成两句话;而限制性定语从句常与主句一起译成一句话。Hehastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.他有两个儿子,他们都是医生。Hehasasonwhoisadoctor.他有一个当医生的儿子。3.非限制性定语从句的引导词无论在从句中作什么成分,均不可省略;而在限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词可省略。Theoldmanwithwhitehair(who/whom/that)yousawatyesterday’smeetingisaprofessor.你昨天在会上看到的那位白发老人是一位教授。4.在限制性定语从句中,指人时,作宾语的whom可以用who或that代替,但在非限制性定语从句中不可以代替。Doyouknowtheman(who/whom/that)ourEnglishteacheristalkingto?你认识我们英语老师正在与其谈话的那个人吗?DoyouknowTom,whomshereferredtojustnow?你认识汤姆吗?就是她刚才提到过的。考点一、核心单词语法填空Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Theresultsofthesurveyfellintotwo________(截然不同的)groups.2.Whenthebirdliftsoffintoflight,itswings________(展开)toanimpressivesix-footspan.3.Thebeautifully________(雕刻)doorwasmadeintheseventeenthcentury.4.Theboathittherocksandtheboatmanhadto________(维持)himselfwithlivefishbeforerescuecame.5.I’maprofessionalandIhavetoconductmyselfinaprofessional________(方式).6.Weallwonderhowyoualwayslooksoyoungand________(文雅的)!7.Itisagoodpieceof________(家具)andIwanttogivevalueforvalue.8.Iknowsomeonehasto________(拿来)somemorewood,butwhypickonme?9.Thereisanobvious________(差异)betweentheculturesofEastandWest.10.Theymaygo________(徒步旅行)aroundtheisland,orswimmingintheocean.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Curioustofindoutwhatwasinside,I(fold)thetinynote.2.Ihaveheardhimtellpeoplethatwegetalong(splendid).3.Helooked(distinct)uncomfortablewhenthesubjectwasmentioned.4.Theboyiseagertoknowwhatisthe(deep)ofthehole.5.Onlyminorityoftheclassvotedfortheplan.6.Eachoftotempoles(图腾柱)iscarefully(carve)andpainted.7.Thesalesmanbroughtsome(sample)ofhisfirm’sproducts.8.Theyhavesentsomebookstothecountrysidebecausechildrentherearestarvingknowledge.9.Sheisstarving(lose)weightsothatshecanwearthebeautifuldressesthatsheiscrazyabout.10.Canadaisoneofthemost(ethnic)diversenationsintheworld.11.Whereverhegoes,hequicklyaccommodateshimselfthechangedconditions.12.Surroundyourselfupliftingindividualswhochallengeyoutobebetter.13.Tolivea(harmony)life,wemustremoveourprejudicesanddoubts.14.WeshouldseizetheopportunityandmeetthechallengetopushChina’s(sustain)developmentstrategytoanewstage.15.Ifyouhavewrittenthewrongnameinanemail,itisbesttoapologizeaseriousmanner.16.(2023-2024年度·陕西西安·高二西安市铁一中学校考期中)Arecentstudyshowsthatmeat(consume)isoneofthemainwaysthathumancandamagetheenvironment,secondonlytotheuseofmotorvehicles.17.Theysawabunchfarmsthatcoveredaverylargearea.18.(2023-2024年度·广东东莞·高二校考期中)contrast,whenwearediligentlyfocused,ourattentiontendstobetowardsthedetailsoftheproblemswearetryingtosolve.19.Contrastfreshfrozenvegetablesandyou’llfindthefreshonestastebetter.20.Theyhold(contrast)viewsonwhethertobuythehouseornot.21.Theyhavereceivednonewsofhimsincehis(depart)fromtheisland.考点二、重点词块选词填空选词填空(可适当改变形式)setoff,makeup,beatdown,resultin,comedownto,makeone’swayto,apartfrom,comeasnosurprise,beexposedto,inturn1.________afewgrammaticalmistakes,thiscompositionofyoursiswellwritten.

2.Theyequippedthemselveswithapairofsharpaxesand________fortheforest.

3.Havingvisitedthegallery,we________thethemepark.

4.ManyvisitorstakethisItalianfoodastheirfavorite.It________becauseofitsrichandinterestingfavors.5.Whenmymotherwasill,mybrotherandItookcareofher________.

6.Theroadaccident________threepeoplekilledandtenpeopleinjured.

7.NorthAfricans________thelargestandpoorestimmigrantgroupinthecountry.

8.Inshort,itwill________Mike’srefusingtocooperatewithus.

9.Thisliquidisnotto________air,foritwillsoonevaporate(蒸发).

10.Thesun________onthesand,makingitpainfultowalkbarefoot.

考点三、重点句型完成句子1.________________,whowaslookingoutofthewindow.

窗户边坐着一个年轻人,他正向窗外看着。2.________________,it’sagoodideatoreviewyourclassnotes.

随着考试的临近,复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。3.Iheardthatshegotinjuredintheaccident,________________.

听说她在事故中受伤了,我心里充满了难过。4.________________,thecropswouldbesaved.

如果明天下雨,这些庄稼就能得救。5.________________herealizeshismistakeandapologizestoyou.

过不了多久他就会认识到自己的错误,并会向你道歉。考点四、重点语法单句语法填空1.(2023上·福建漳州·高二统考期中)Thesingingcontest,wehadexpected,wassuccessful.2.SomeofCanada’searliestsettlers,arethoughttobeancestorsoftheindigenouspeoples,crossedtheBeringStrait.3.(2023上·黑龙江双鸭山·高二双鸭山一中校考阶段练习)LiJiaqi,wasChina’stoponlinesaleshost,questionedwhetherpeoplehadworkedhardenoughtogetapayrise.4.Morethan20peoplehavetraveledtothemoon,12ofhavewalkedonthemoon.5.Myclassmateswerefriendly,withhelpImadegreatprogressinmyEnglishlearning.6.(2023上·广东揭阳·高二统考期中)Heinvitedmanypeopletohiswedding,mostofwereabsentfordifferentreasons.7.Shetookthefoodtotherefugeecamp,inshedistributedittothechildren.8.Nowadays,itiscommontoseepeoplestaringattheirmobilephonesinsteadofreadingarealbook,manyexpertsareworried.9.Millionsofpeoplediedintheearly19thcentury,anoutbreakofcholerahitEurope.10.(2023上·广东东莞·高二校考期中)Theywentthroughtwowheat-growingprovinces,theysawabunchoffarms.能力提升阅读理解(2023上·辽宁盘锦·高二盘锦市高级中学校考阶段练习)Throughouthistory,greatcitieshaverisenandfallen.Someofthemareseeminglylostintime—untilartifacts(古物)arediscoveredthatbringthembacktolife.TeotihuacánLocatedoutsideofMexicoCity,Teotihuacánisthoughttohavebeensettledaround400BC.By400AD,itwasthemostinfluential,powerfulcityinitsregion.Teotihuacán’srealtreasureisitsmassivesteppyramids.Muchofthecity’shistoryisstillamystery,butsomebelievethatitsdeclinecamefromchangingclimateconditionslikelong-termdroughts.PetraThisancientcityinsouthernJordanflourishedfromthe4thcenturyBCto106AD.Itwasanimportantplaceforspiceandsilktraderoutes.Italsohadacomplicatedly-designedwatermanagementsystem.PetrawasoccupiedbyRomein106AD,andthetraderoutessoonshifted(转换).Hundredsofyearslater,earthquakesdamagedthewatersystemandPetrawasabandoned.PompeiiEndlesstaleshavebeentoldaboutthetragedyofPompeii,whichoccurredonAugust24,intheyear79AD,whenthevolcanoVesuviuserupted.Theentiretownwasswiftlycoveredinashandsoil.Everythingwasfrozenintime.Thesitewasunearthedinthe18thcentury,andtheevidencefoundprovidedagreatdetailofinsightintodailylivinginthisancientItaliancity.CtesiphonLocatedabout20milesoutsideofBaghdad,CtesiphonwasoneofthegreatestcitiesinWesternAsiainthe6thcentury.Itwasconquered(征服)byRome,andthenbytheByzantineEmpire.In637AD,itwascapturedbytheMuslims.ManybelievethattheancientcitywastheinspirationforthecityofIsbanirmentionedintheThousandandOneNightsfolktales.1.WhatdoweknowaboutTeotihuacán?A.Itwasthemostbeautifulcityofitstime.B.Itshistoryneedsfurtherexploration.C.Ittookabout400yearstoreachitsheight.D.Itspyramidswereruinedbyclimatechange.2.WhichcitieswereoncedefeatedbyRome?A.TeotihuacánandPetra. B.TeotihuacánandCtesiphon.C.PetraandPompeii. D.PetraandCtesiphon.3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Teotihuacánw