2025届全国高考英语专项训练：阅读理解D（含答案）

2025届全国高考真题模拟英语专项训练：阅读理解D篇

一、阅读理解

（2024•浙江•高考真题试卷）TheStanfordmarshmallow（棉花糖）testwasoriginally

conductedbypsychologistWalterMischelinthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanursery

schoolwereplacedinaroom.Asinglesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.

Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivena

secondtreat.Thentheywereleftaloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlife

showedaconnectionbetweenanabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvarious

formsofsuccess.

Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We'renottemptedbysugary

treats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets-allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobal

deliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andour

brainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue——afeelingof

rewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecost

andeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyears

ago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthatwe

knowweshouldn'teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasa

specieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.

Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselessly

bombarded（轰炸）withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutour

caloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,

resistingthetemptationofthemental"junkfood^^inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.

1.WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischel'stest?

A.Takeanexaminationalone.B.Sharetheirtreatswithothers.

C.Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.D.Showrespectfortheresearchers.

2.AccordingtoParagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween.

A.thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetitesB.theshortageofsugarandournutritional

needs

C.thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfitD.therichfoodsupplyandourunchanged

brains

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?

A.Beselectiveinformationconsumers.B.Absorbnewinformationreadily.

C.Usediverseinformationsources.D.Protecttheinformationenvironment.

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMoreB.TheLater,theBetter

C.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownupsD.TheBitterTruthaboutEarlyHumans

（2024•全国•高考真题试卷）IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygo

extinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsof

biodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareuseful

fordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfound

thatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.

“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecies

withtheaidofamobileapplication,saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyand

assistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences."These

observationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens（标本），andsince

weareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobal

change,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?"

Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruand

histeamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.

“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias（使有

偏差）data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplant

insteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,“saidDaru.

Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetter

globalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.

Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesare

oftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealso

biasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.

Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?

“QuiteaDaruexplained.""Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersof

oversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces-andevenspecies-thatarenotwell-sampled.To

improvethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohavean

expertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.^^

5.Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?

A.Theyarebecomingoutdated.B.Theyaremostlyinelectronicform.

C.Theyarelimitedinnumber.D.Theyareusedforpublicexhibition.

6.WhatdoesDam'sstudyfocuson?

A.Threatenedspecies.B.Physicalspecimens.

C.Observationaldata.D.Mobileapplications.

7.Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?

A.Mistakesindataanalysis.B.Poorqualityofuploadedpictures.

C.Improperwayofsampling.D.Unreliabledatacollectiondevices.

8.WhatisDam'ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?

A.Reviewdatafromcertainareas.B.Hireexpertstochecktherecords.

C.Confirmtheidentityoftheusers.D.Giveguidancetocitizenscientists.

（2024•全国•高考真题试卷）GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,

weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAl-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:A

PlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatriona

CampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution

（变革）.

Inthewionghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode

（代码）thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades9professionalexperience

translatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusiness

personratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformative

andwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAL

AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecome

morecapable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow-AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.

Fromthere,Campbellsays,willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhas

setouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow——severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsare

expectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orrisk

beingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.

CampbelFspointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAl-thetechnologycompaniesandworld

leaders-sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweare

ata“tippingpoint“inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.

WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followed

byglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.

AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.

9.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands“inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.B.Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.

C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent.D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.

10.WhatisafeatureofAIbyDesignaccordingtothetext?

A.Itispackedwithcomplexcodes.B.Itadoptsadown-to-earthwritingstyle.

C.Itprovidesstep-by-stepinstructions.D.ItisintendedforAIprofessionals.

11.WhatdoesCampbellurgepeopletodoregardingAIdevelopment?

A.Observeexistingregulationsonit.

B•Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.

C.Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.

D.Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.

12.Whatistheauthor5spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.TorecommendabookonALB.TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.

C.ToclarifythedefinitionofAI.D.TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.

（2024•全国•高考真题试卷）"Ididn'tliketheending,Isaidtomyfavoritecollege

professor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyon

Victorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwas

heartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyond

whetherIlikeditornot.HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedfor

thecharactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryevenif

theydidn'thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.Ofcourse,Iwouldhavepreferredadifferent

endingforTomandMaggieTulliver,buttheendingtheygotdidmakethemostsenseforthem.

Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.From

thenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I'dpickupaloveromance.IfI

wantedanendingIcouldn'tguess,I'dpickupamystery（悬疑〃、说）.OnewhereIkindofknew

whatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.

Butwritingtheend-thafshard.Ifshardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweight

withreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthafsunpredictable,butdoesn'tseemtocome

fromnowhere,onethatfitswhafsrightforthecharacters.

Thafswhythisissue（期）ofWriter'sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebest

endingforwhateverkindofwritingyou'redoing.Ifit'sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdown

sixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthe

finalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthem

foryourwork.

Thisissuewon'ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe-thafsuptoyouandthestoryyou're

telling-butitmightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.

13.WhydidtheauthorgotoProf.Gracie?

A.Todiscussanovel.B.Tosubmitabookreport.

C.Toargueforawriter.D.Toaskforareadinglist.

14.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterseeingGracie?

A.Writingisamatterofpersonalpreferences.

B.Readersareoftencarriedawaybycharacter.

C.Eachtypeofliteraturehasitsuniqueend.

D.Astorywhichbeginswellwillendwell.

15.Whatisexpectedofagoodending?

A.Itsatisfiesreaders5taste.B.Itfitswiththestorydevelopment.

C.Itisusuallypositive.D.Itisopenforimagination.

16.WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims?

A.Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists.B.Tostressthethemeofthisissue.

C.Toencouragewritingforthemagazine.D.Torecommendtheirnewbooks.

（2024・北京•高考真题试卷）FranzBoas'sdescriptionofInuit（因纽特人）lifeinthe19th

centuryillustratestheprobablemoralcodeofearlyhumans.Here,norms（规范）wereunwrittenand

rarelyexpressedclearly,butwerewellunderstoodandtakentoheart.Dishonestandviolent

behavioursweredisapprovedof;leadership,marriageandinteractionswithothergroupswere

looselygovernedbytraditions.Conflictwasoftenresolvedinmusicalbattles.Becausearguing

angrilyleadstochaos,itwasstronglydiscouraged.WithlifeintheunforgivingNorthernCanada

beingsodemanding,theInuifspracticalapproachtomoralitymadegoodsense.

Thesimilarityofmoralvirtuesacrossculturesisstriking,eventhoughtherelativerankingof

thevirtuesmayvarywithasocialgroup5shistoryandenvironment.Typically,crueltyandcheating

arediscouraged,whilecooperation,humblenessandcouragearepraised.Theseuniversalnormsfar

pre-datetheconceptofanymoralisingreligionorwrittenlaw.Instead,theyarerootedinthe

similarityofbasichumanneedsandoursharedmechanismsforlearningandproblemsolving.Our

socialinstincts（本能）includetheintensedesiretobelong.Theapprovalofothersisrewarding,

whiletheirdisapprovalisstronglydisliked.Thesesocialemotionsprepareourbrainstoshapeour

behaviouraccordingtothenormsandvaluesofourfamilyandourcommunity.Moregenerally,

socialinstinctsmotivateustolearnhowtobehaveinasociallycomplexworld.

Themechanisminvolvesarepurposedrewardsystemoriginallyusedtodevelophabits

importantforself-care.Ourbrainsusethesystemtoacquirebehaviouralpatternsregardingsafe

routeshome,efficientfoodgatheringanddangerstoavoid.Goodhabitssavetime,energyand

sometimesyourlife.Goodsocialhabitsdosomethingsimilarinasocialcontext.Welearntotellthe

truth,evenwhenlyingisself-serving;wehelpagrandparentevenwhenitisinconvenient.We

acquirewhatwecallasenseofrightandwrong.

Socialbenefitsareaccompaniedbysocialdemands:wemustgetalong,butnotputupwith

toomuch.Henceself-disciplineisadvantageous.Inhumans,agreatlyenlargedbrainboostsself­

control,justasitboostsproblem-solvingskillsinthesocialaswellasthephysicalworld.These

abilitiesarestrengthenedbyourcapacityforlanguage,whichallowssocialpracticestodevelopin

extremelyunobviousways.

17.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheformingoftheInuifsmoralcode?

A.Livingconditionswerethedrive.B.Unwrittenruleswerethetarget.

C.Socialtraditionwasthebasis.D.Honestywasthekey.

18.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Inconveniencesarethecauseoftellinglies.B.Basichumanneedsleadtouniversal

norms.

C.Languagecapacityislimitedbyself-control.D.Writtenlawshavegreatinfluenceon

virtues.

19.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Virtues:BridgesAcrossCulturesB.TheValuesofSelMiscipline

C.Brains:WallsAgainstChaosD.TheRootsofMorality

答案

1.C2.D3.A4.C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰

炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”，文章对此进行了介绍。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthe

treat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.（每个孩子者B被告知，如果他们在吃之前等待15分钟，

他们将得到第二次奖励）”可知，在米歇尔的测试中，孩子们需要在吃之前等待15分钟才能得

到第二次奖励。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducing

thecostandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsof

yearsago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstraggletoresisttemptingfoods

thatweknowweshouldn'teat.（但是，当我们重塑了我们周围的世界，减少了获取卡路里的成

本和努力时，我们的大脑仍然和几千年前一样，这种不匹配是我们这么多人努力抵抗我们知

道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因）”可知，丰富的食物供应和我们不曾改变的大脑之间存在

不匹配。故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloric

consumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthe

temptationofthementalltjunkfood^^inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.（因止匕，就像我们

需要更仔细地考虑我们的热量消耗一样，我们也需要更仔细地考虑我们的信息消耗，抵制精

神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间）”可知，作者建议读者做有选择性的信

息消费者。故选A。

4.主旨大意题。根据第二段“Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We'

renottemptedbysugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets-allthedevicesthat

connectustotheglobaldeliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhat

marshmallowsdotopreschoolers.（作为成年人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试。诱惑我们的不

是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有这些将我们与全球信息传递系统连接起

来的设备，它们对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一样）”结合文章主要是讲在信

息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食

品”。由此可知，C选项“成人棉花糖测试”最符合文章标题。故选C。

5.B6.C7.C8.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，数字生物多样性

记录存在偏见，建议应用程序引导公民科学家获取更好的数据。

5.细节理解题。根据第一段“Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,

videos,andotherdigitalrecords.（今天，大多数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数

字记录的形式出现。）”可知，现在收集的物种记录大多是以电子形式存在的。故选B。

6.细节理解题。根据第二段“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomes

fromphysicalspecimens（标本），andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatato

investigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?（这些

观察结果现在超过了来自物理标本的原始数据，而且由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研

究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：它们有用吗?）”和第四段“"Wewereparticularly

interestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias（使有偏差）data,likethegreater

likelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnextto

VsaidDaru.（Daru说“我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科

学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草尸）”可知，Dani的研究聚焦于观察数

据，即人们通过移动应用记录的物种观察数据。故选C。

7.细节理解题。根据第四段“"Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsof

samplingthattendtobias（使有偏差）data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakea

pictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,“saidDaru.（Daru说“我们特另U感兴

趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，

而不是它旁边的草以及第五段“Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservational

biodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswith

speciesinareasnearby.（这是有道理的，因为在移动设备上获得观察生物多样性数据的人通常

是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触。）”可知，导致数据偏差的原因是

采样方式的不当。故选C。

8.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersof

oversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces-andevenspecies-thatarenotwell-sampled.To

improvethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohavean

expertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.（生物多样性应用程序可以使用我们的

研究结果来告知用户样本过多的地区，并将他们引导到样本不足的地方，甚至是物种。为了

提高观测数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传的图像的身

份。广可知，Daru建议生物多样性应用应该给公民科学家提供指导。故选D。

9.C10.B11.C12.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了CatrionaCampbell所著AIbyDesign:APlanfor

LivingwithArtificialIntelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐

述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防

潜在危机。

9.词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthe

computercode（代码）thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades*

professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepractical

angleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessible

andinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAL（这样一本书可

能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验,

可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出

发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一

样聪明丫’可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样

了，推测划线短语表示“如果是由能力较差的人写的“。故选C项。

10.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“thankfiilly,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades9professional

experiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofa

businesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleand

informativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAL（值得庆幸的是，坎

贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实

际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你

觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明）”可知，坎贝尔在书中将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的

内容，这本书的特点是通俗易懂，推测它采用了接地气的写作风格。故选B项。

11.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificial

intelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.（她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的

控制,否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险）”和文章最后一段“Weneedtoconsiderhowwewant

ourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableus

toachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.（我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。

这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败）”可知，坎贝尔敦

促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关于人工智能的发展，

坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制住。故选C项。

12.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,

weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAl-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:A

PlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatriona

CampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution

（变革）.（考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱

动的未来，这正是AIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence的用武之地。卡特

里奥娜・坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智

能革命带来的挑战）”和文章最后——段“AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthe

subject,thisisit.（人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这

本书）”可知，本文主要介绍了CatrionaCampbell所著AIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwith

ArtificialIntelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展

现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，

所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。

13.A14.C15.B16.B

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先通过作者与教授关于小说结局的讨论引发了对结局的

思考，接着阐述了不同类型的文学作品结局的特点，最后提出了写作好的结局的重要性并介

绍了《Writer'Digest》杂志如何帮助作家写出更好的结尾。

13.细节理解题。根据第一段“"Ididn'tliketheending,"Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.It

wasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.I

hadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththe

ending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditor

not.（“我不喜欢这个结局，“我对我最喜欢的大学教授说。那是我大三的时候，我正在做一项关

于维多利亚文学的独立研究。我刚刚读完乔治・艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，读到结尾我

很伤心。格雷西教授耐心地让我考虑一下，不要只看我喜不喜欢）”可知，作者去找格雷西教

授是为了讨论小说。故选A项。

14.推理判断题。根据第二段“Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendings

thesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I'dpickup

aloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn,tguess,I'dpickupamystery（悬疑小说）.One

whereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecame

easier.（这对我来说是一个顿悟的时刻，我再也没有想过同样的结局。从那时起，如果我想读

一个保证幸福的结局，我就会选一部爱情小说。如果我想要一个我猜不到的结局，我会选一

本神秘小说。一种是我知道会发生什么，历史小说。选择读什么变得更容易了）”可知，见过

格雷西教授后，作者意识到了每种类型的文学都有其独特的结局。故选C项。

15.推理判断题。根据第三段“Butwritingtheend—thafshard.Ifshardforwritersbecause

endingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganend