四川省泸州市泸县第五中学高三下学期三模英语试题含听力

四川省泸县五中高2020级高三三诊模拟考试英语试题第I卷选择题（100分）第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhereisJenniferworkingnow?A.Inacollege. B.Inahospital. C.Inadrugstore.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Whereareyouworkingnow,Jennifer?Stillinthehospital?W:No,IleftthehospitalandIrefusedthejobatthedrugstore.I’mworkingasateacherinamedicalcollegenow.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthetaxrate?A.2%. B.4%. C.10%.【答案】B【解析】【详解】W:Iboughtarecorderonsale.Itwas$50.M:Includingtax?W:No,Ipaidanother$2intax.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmanypillsdoesthedoctorsuggesttakingeveryday?A.Four. B.Six. C.Seven.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Doctor,Ihavearunnynose.M:Letmesee.Nothingserious.Takeoneofthesepillseverysixhoursandyouwillgetbetterafteraweek.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomando?A.Drivefaster. B.Haveaninterview. C.Takeatest.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Canyoudrivealittlefaster,sir?M:It’shardintherushhour.ButI’lltry.W:Thanksalot.IhaveanimportantinterviewandIdon’twanttobelate.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwilltheboyhavefordinner?A.Noodles. B.Fish. C.Chicken.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:What’sfordinner,Mum?Arewehavingnoodles?W:Wehadthatyesterday.SoIthoughtI’dmakechickenandricetonight—orfishifyouprefer.M:Thatsoundsgood.ButIhadchickenatschooltoday,soIdon’treallywantitagain.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wheredoesthemangetthenews?A.Fromamagazine. B.FromtheInternet. C.Fromanewspaper.7.Whatisthenewsmainlyabout?A.Manymuseumsareclosednow.B.Peoplehavetostayathome.C.Anexhibitofpaintingsisshutdown.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Haveyoufinishedreadingthemagazine,Mark?M:Yes.AndnowI’mreadingsomenewsusingmyputer.DoyouknowanythingaboutJanvanEyck?W:Yes.Iknowhewasanartistofthe15thcentury.Isthereanythingabouthiminthenews?M:Yes.TheMuseumofFineArtsinGhenthadtocloseanexhibitofpaintingsbythisfamousartistinhistory.W:I’mnotsurprised.Manymuseumsworldwideareclosed.TheLouvreremainsclosednow.It’sbettertostayhomeforthetimebeing.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wheredidthemanspendhisholiday?A.Inthemountains. B.Byalake. C.Onthebeach.9.Whatdidthemandoduringhisholiday?A.Hecollectedsomestones.B.Hedidsomewatersports.C.Heclimbedupamountain.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Charlie.Howwasyourholiday?M:Well,beforeweleft,I’dimaginedthatstayingbyalakewouldbelikebeingatthebeach.Butasitturnedout,alotofwatersportsthatmyfamilyhadplannedforuswereoutofthequestionduetotheweather.Soinstead,mycousintookusforawalkalongtheshoreandshoweduswheretofindbeautifulstones—wecamebackwithseveral.W:Thatsoundsgreat.Betterthanourholidayinthemountains.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Whichfixingpanytheyshouldchoose.B.Howmuchtheyhavespent.C.Whenthefixingwillbegin.11.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutPrestons?A.Theyareunreliable. B.Theydohighqualitywork. C.Theychargethelowestprice.12.Whatdoesthewomanagreetodo?A.Respondtoallthebuilders. B.Askforalowerprice. C.EmailValleyBuilders.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】M:I’vejustgotthelastestimateforfixingtheroofofthehouse.WedecidedthattheArkwright’sestimateistooexpensive,didn’twe?AndalthoughtheonefromJacksonBuildersisthecheapest,Idon’treallytrustthemtodoagoodjob.W:Ithinkyou’rerightthere.Theydidn’tfillmewithconfidence.M:SothatleavesuswithValleyBuildersandPrestons.W:Personally,IthinkthatPrestonsaremoreprofessional,andwillprobablydothebestjob.Theyjustseemedtotalkalotofsenseaboutwhatwasneeded.Buttheirestimateis£1000morethanValleyBuilders.I’mnotsurethey’reworththatmuchmore.M:Ithinkyou’reright.WeshouldgoforValleyBuilders.They’reagoodpanyandlotsofourneighborshavehadworkdonebythem.Ihaven’theardanyplaints.Doyouwanttosendthemanemailandaskiftheycanstartassoonaspossible?W:Yes,I’lldothatnow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatisthewoman?A.Anofficeclerk. B.Animmigrationofficial. C.Anairhostess.14.Whichlineisfortheresidents?A.Thelineontheman’sright.B.Thelineonthewoman’sleft.C.Thelineonthewoman’sright.15.HowlongwillthemanstudyintheUK?A.Forafewmonths. B.Forayear. C.Fortwoyears.16.Howwillthemanpayforlivingcostsandtuitionfees?A.Hisfatherhaspaidinadvance.B.Hehaswonascholarship.C.Hewilltakeaparttimejob.【答案】13.B14.C15.B16.A【解析】【原文】W:CanIseeyourpassport，please?M:Isthislinefornonresidents?W:Yesitis.Residentscanqueueupinthelinestomyright.M:OK.Here’smypassport.W:Whenwillyourpassportturninvalid?M:Maybeinafewmonths.ItwasrenewedinBeijing.W:Isee.Yes,you’llneedtorenewyourpassportinafewmonths.M:OK.W:Doyouhaveanythingtodeclare?M:No,Idon’thaveanythingtodeclare.W:HowlongwillyoubestayingintheUK?M:I’llbehereabouttwelvemonths.W:Whatisthepurposeofyourstay?M:I’llbestudying.I’mdoinganMBAatNottinghamUniversity.W:Wherewillyoubestaying?M:Ihaveahousingcontractwiththeuniversity.I’llbeinadormroomoncampus.W:Howdoyouplanonpayingforyourlivingcostsandtuitionfeeswhileyouarehere?M:Myfatherhasalreadypaidforthatinadvance.Herearethereceipts.W:OK.Haveagoodstay.Here’syourpassportandyourdocuments.M:Thankyouverymuch.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WheredidArethaFranklingrowup?A.InMemphis. B.InDetroit. C.InAtlanticCity.18.WhendidArethaFranklinsignwithColumbiaRecords?A.In1980. B.In1967. C.In1960.19.WhichwasArethaFranklin’smostpopularmusicinthe1960s?A.“Respect”. B.“FreewayofLove”. C.“ChainofFools”.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.ArethaFranklin’slifestory.B.ArethaFranklin’smusicalstyle.CArethaFranklin’sfamoussongs.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】ArethaFranklin,anAmericansingerknownasthe“QueenofSoul”,wasbornin1942inMemphis,Tennessee.ButshewasraisedinDetroit.Hermusicaltalentwasrecognizedatayoungage.Franklinbegansingingpopandjazzmusicattheageof18,whenshesignedarecordingagreementwithColumbiaRecords.Butherrealsuccessstartedin1967underanagreementwithAtlanticRecords.FranklinbecamefamousinAmericathatyearwithaseriesofhitmusicrecordings,including“ChainofFools”,andhermostfamoussong,“Respect”inthe1960s.Franklin’scareersuccesscontinuedintothe1980sand1990s.Sheappearedinthe1980film“TheBluesBrothers”.Shealsohadnewpopularmusic,including“FreewayofLove”.In1987,FranklinbecamethefirstwomantobeamemberoftheRock&RollHallofFame.Franklinearnedmorethan110entriesinBillboard’smusiccharts.That’sthemostbyanywomaninthemagazine’shistory.OnAugust16,2018,FranklindiedatherhomeinDetroit,Michigan.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACanada’sWonderlandFromfamilyfriendlyridestothrillingrollercoasters,Canada’sWonderlandhasplentyofattractionsforalllevelsofadventure.Meanwhile,variousdeliciousfoodchoices,includingthecrowdpleasingfunnelcakes,areavailable.VisittheentertainmentareasandfindoutwhoisperformingattheCanterburyTheatreortakeinashowfeaturingSnoopyandtheGangatthePlayhouseTheatre.Cooldownatthe50acrewaterpark,whereyoucanchoosefrom17differentwaterridestoexperience.FantasyFairEtobicoke’sWoodbineMallisthehomeofOntario’slargestindooramusementpark.There’sanantiquecarousel,electronicgamespopularduringthe1980s,andmanyotheractivitiesandridesdesignedforsmallchildren.Ambitiouskidscantrytherockclimbingwall,andtheXDsimulatorsofferagreat3Dmovieexperience.Thelargedisplaysofdinosaurswillattracttheyoungerkids.AdventureVillageAdventureVillageisagreatopenspacewithwaterfalls,fishpondsandmanyfunactivities.It’stheidealplacewhereyoucanshowoffyoursecretmovesduringafriendly,yetpetitivegameofoutdoorlasertagorplaygolfonthe18holeminigolfcourse.Kidswillalsoenjoylearningnewskillsatthebattingcageandtheexcitementofridingandspinningaroundonthebumpercars.Noneedtoworryaboutgettinghungry.BigAl’sCookHouseoffersyouvariouschoicesonthemenu.RailYardWake&AquaParkIt’sOntario’slargestinflatable(可充气的)waterparkandcablewakeboarding(尾浪划水)facility.Thereisawaterparkwithmanyobstaclecoursesyou’llwanttoclimb,jumpandexplore.Enjoythethrillofwatersportsofwakeboarding,wakeskatingandkneeboardinginasafearea.21.WhatcantouristsdoinCanada’sWonderland?A.Enjoytastyfood. B.Drivebumpercars.C.Playvideogames. D.Watchdifferentdinosaurs.22.WhatdoweknowaboutFantasyFair?A.It’sOntario’slargestamusementpark. B.Itprovidesindooractivitiesforchildren.C.Itallowskidstoseeexhibitionsofplanes. D.It’saplacefortouriststowatch5Dmovies.23.Whichisthebestchoiceforwatersportlovers?A.FantasyFair.1 B.AdventureVillage.C.Canada’sWonderland. D.RailYardWake&AquaPark.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四处不同的游乐场所。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Canada’sWonderland中的“Meanwhile,variousdeliciousfoodchoices,includingthecrowdpleasingfunnelcakes,areavailable.(同时，各种美味的食物可供选择，包括广受欢迎的漏斗蛋糕。)”可知，游客在Canada’sWonderland可以享受美食。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据FantasyFair中的“Etobicoke’sWoodbineMallisthehomeofOntario’slargestindooramusementpark.There’sanantiquecarousel,electronicgamespopularduringthe1980s,andmanyotheractivitiesandridesdesignedforsmallchildren.(伊托比克的伍德拜商场是安大略省最大的室内游乐园。这里有一个古董旋转木马，上世纪80年代流行的电子游戏，还有许多专为小孩子设计的其他活动和游乐设施。)”可知，FantasyFair为儿童提供室内活动。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据RailYardWake&AquaPark中的“It’sOntario’slargestinflatable(可充气的)waterparkandcablewakeboarding(尾浪划水)facility.Thereisawaterparkwithmanyobstaclecoursesyou’llwanttoclimb,jumpandexplore.Enjoythethrillofwatersportsofwakeboarding,wakeskatingandkneeboardinginasafearea.(它是安大略省最大的充气水上公园和电缆滑水设施。这里有一个水上公园，里面有许多障碍赛，你会想要攀登、跳跃和探索。在安全的地方享受水上滑水、滑水和滑膝运动的刺激。)”可知，水上运动爱好者的最佳选择是RailYardWake&AquaPark。故选D。BIfyourjobrequiresalotofsittingyoucouldbeputtingyourhealthatdanger.TheAmericanJournalofEpidemiology(流行病学)didastudyin2010onthecorrelation(相互联系)betweensittingandanindividual'sphysicalhealth.Inthestudy,53,440workingmenand69,776workingwomenweresurveyedontheirtimespentsitting.Thesubjectswerealldiseasefreewhenemployed.Theresearchersidentified11,307deathsinmenand7,923deathsinwomenduringthe14yearfollowup.Thefindings:Womenwhoreportedsittingformorethansixhoursperdayhadanapproximately40higherallcausedeathratethanthosewhoreportedlessthanthreehoursaday,andmenhadanapproximately20higherdeathrate.Well,now'safinetimetogetthisinformation.Butwhydidn'ttheytellmethisyearsago?Iwouldhaveplannedontakingamoreactivejobinsteadofthesedentary(坐着的)jobofaneditor.Sowhatcanyoudoifyouhavetoworkforalivingatajobthatrequiresalotofsitting?Herearesomeideas:Takefrequentbreaks.Itisremendedthatworkersvaryactivities,changetheirposition,andtakeshortbreaksevery20minutestorestmusclesandincreasebloodcirculation.Getastandingdesk.Somestudieshaveshownthatworkingfromanuprightpositionmaybebetterforhealth.Theseriousfitnesspeoplecanevenpurchaseatreadmill(跑步机)desk.Itonlygoesaboutonemileperhour.Haveawalkingmeeting.Ifyourgroupiskindofsmall,goingforawalkwhilediscussingtopicsisagoodalternative.24.Accordingtothetext,thestudyin2010______.A.foundmenreportingshortersittingtimethanwomenB.surveyedmorementhanwomenontheirdailysittingtimeC.identifiedfewerdeathsinmenthaninwomenduringthe14yearfollowupD.discoveredcorrelationbetweensittingandphysicalhealthinmenandinwomen25.Wecaninferfromthetextthattheauthordidnotremend______.A.usingastandingdesk B.restingone'smusclesC.quittingsedentaryjobs D.takingawalkwhilediscussing26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"subjects"inParagraph2mean?A.Thingsbeingdiscussed. B.Peoplebeingstudied.CAreasofknowledgebeinglearned. D.Objectsbeingpainted.27.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Yourjobcouldbekillingyou.B.Workingoutleadstohealthrisks.C.Longtimesittingispositivelyassociatedwithhealth.D.Astudyonsittingtimeandphysicalhealthwaspleted.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.A【解析】【分析】试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，美国流行病学期刊的一项研究表明，久坐对我们的身体健康有不利影响，文章还提供了如何减少这一不利影响的几点建议。【24题详解】D细节理解题。文章第二段第一句“TheAmericanJournalofEpidemiology(流行病学)didastudyin2010onthecorrelation(相互联系)betweensittingandanindividual'sphysicalhealth.”可知，美国流行病学期刊在2010年做了一个关于久坐和个人身体健康的相互联系的研究调查。故选D。【25题详解】C推理判断题。根据最后一段“Takefrequentbreaks.Itisremendedthatworkersvaryactivities,changetheirposition,andtakeshortbreaksevery20minutestorestmusclesandincreasebloodcirculation.Getastandingdesk.Somestudieshaveshownthatworkingfromanuprightpositionmaybebetterforhealth.Theseriousfitnesspeoplecanevenpurchaseatreadmill(跑步机)desk.Itonlygoesaboutonemileperhour.Haveawalkingmeeting.Ifyourgroupiskindofsmall,goingforawalkwhilediscussingtopicsisagoodalternative.”（经常休息。建议员工变换活动，变换姿势，每隔20分钟休息一次，以使肌肉休息，增加血液循环。找一张立式桌子。一些研究表明，直立工作可能更有利于健康。真正健身的人甚至可以买一张跑步机办公桌。它每小时只走一英里。开个步行会。如果你的团队规模不大，那么边走边讨论话题是个不错的选择）我们可知，作者建议那些长时间坐着工作的人使用立式办公桌，放松肌肉和边走边讨论，而没有提到放弃久坐不动的工作，故选C。【26题详解】B词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Inthestudy,53,440workingmenand69,776workingwomenweresurveyedontheirtimespentsitting.”可知，该研究对53440男员工和69776个女员工坐着的时间进行了调查。发现这些人在受雇时均无疾病。由此可知画线词词义为“被调查的人”，故选B。【27题详解】A主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“TheAmericanJournalofEpidemiology(流行病学)didastudyin2010onthecorrelation(相互联系)betweensittingandanindividual'sphysicalhealth.”以及第三段的研究结果可知，本文主要介绍的是美国流行病学期刊的一项研究表明，工作时久坐对我们的身体健康有不利影响，故选A。考点：考查说明文阅读CThenationwatchedwithhorroraswildfireinCaliforniadamagedthetownofParadiseandsurroundingmunities.ItwasthedeadliestandmostdestructivewildfireinCaliforniahistory,killing85civiliansanddestroyingnearly14,000residences.Morethan50,000peoplewerelefthomeless.WatchingthenewscoveragefromhishomeinDenver,Colorado,WoodyFairclothwassaddenedbythedestruction.Manypeoplefoundthemselveshomelesswithnowheretolive.Hejustcouldn’timaginebeinginthatposition.Heknewhewantedtodosomethingtohelp.HesetupaGoFundMepageandinvitedpeopletodonatesotheycouldpurchaseandrestoreausedRV(休闲车)forafamily.Throughsocialmedia,Fairclotheventuallygotconnectedwithafamilyofsixthatwasgreatlyinneed.FairclothfilledtheRVwithsuppliesandstartedthenearly1,200miledrivetoCaliforniatodeliverthevehicle.ThatfirstdonatedRVledtoanotherandFairclothhadmorethan100requestsforRVsfromhomelessfamilies.Witnessinghowgreattheneedwas,Fairclothturnedhisideaintoanonprofitorganization,“wehaveaplatformtohelp,wehavetokeephelping,”saidFaircloth,whosegrouphassofargivenmorethan65RVstowildfiresurvivors.Today,onlyaminimalamountofrebuildinghasbeguninParadiseandamajorityofthearea’sdisplacedpopulationisstillhomeless.FairclothconnectswithRVownersinterestedindonatingorsellingtheirusedRVsatalowcost.HerefitstheRVshimselfandnegotiatescostswhenheneedstohireprofessionalmechanicsforheavydutyrepairs.OncetheRVisreadytogo,Fairclothorganizesawaytotransportittothesurvivors.TheworkisconstantforFaircloth,whoalsohastodohisfulltimejobasanaccountmanager.Butseeingtheimpactofhiseffortsinspireshimtokeepgoing.“Wehavemadeconnectionswithpeopleattheirmostvulnerable(脆弱的)moment.It’ssuchapowerfulthingforthem,”Fairclothsaid.28.Howdidthewritershowtheterribledamageofthewildfire?A.Byrepeatingfacts. B.Bydescribingtheprocess.C.Bylistingfigures. D.Byquotingsayings.29.WhydidFairclothsetupaGoFundMepage?A.Hewantedpeopletodonatefoodsuppliestosurvivors.B.HetriedtoraisemoneytobuyusedRVsforsurvivors.C.Hewantedtoconnectwiththefamiliesinneed.D.Hehopedtoraisefundstorebuildhomesforvictims.30.WhatcanweknowaboutFaircloth’snonprofitorganization?A.Ithasdeliveredover65RVstohomelesssurvivors.B.ItrebuiltParadisewithinaminimalamountoftime.C.ItsoldusedRVstowildfirevictimsatalowcostD.ItinvitedmechanicstorepairRVsfreeofcharge.31.WhichwordcanbestdescribeFaircloth?A.Optimistic. B.Honest. C.Independent. D.Caring.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍Faircloth建立了GoFundMe，用来帮助因为野火而无家可归的人。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句“ItwasthedeadliestandmostdestructivewildfireinCaliforniahistory,killing85civiliansanddestroyingnearly14000residences.Morethan50000peoplewerelefthomeless.（这是加州历史上最致命、最具破坏性的野火，造成85名平民死亡，近14000栋住宅被毁。超过5万人无家可归。）”可知，文章通过列举几个数据（85，14000，50000）来说明野火对社会、对人类造成的经济损失，人员伤亡之大，野火的危害严重性。故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“HesetupaGoFundMepageandinvitedpeopletodonatesotheycouldpurchaseandrestoreausedRVforafamily（他建立了一个GoFundMe网页，邀请人们捐款，这样他们就可以为一个家庭购买和修复一辆二手休闲车。）”可知，Faircloth建立这个GoFundMe的目的是为了筹集钱来为那些生存下来的人买二手休闲车。故选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后“saidFaircloth,whosegrouphassofargivenmorethan65RVstowildfiresurvivors.（Faircloth说，他的组织迄今已向野火幸存者发放了65辆休闲车。）”可知，Faircloth的组织目前为止已经给那些无家可归的幸存者超过65辆休闲车了。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Heknewhewantedtodosomethingtohelp.（他知道他想做点什么提供帮助。）”可知，当Faircloth看到那些因为野火而无家可归的人的时候，想到了自己应该做点什么来帮助他们，因此建立了GoFundMe，所以他是一个乐于助人，并且关心那些因为野火而无家可归的人。故选D项。DChemicalengineersatUNSWSydneyhavefoundawaytomake"green"ammonia(氨)fromair,waterandrenewableelectricity.InapaperpublishedinEnergyandEnvironmentalScience,theauthorssaythatammoniasynthesis(合成法)wasoneofthecriticalachievementsofthe20thcentury.Whenusedinfusiliersthatsignificantlyincreasetheoutputoffoodcrops,itenabledagriculturetosustainaneverexpandingglobalpopulation.Butsincethebeginningofthe1900swhenitwasfirstemployed,productionofammoniahasbeenenergyintensiverequiringtemperatureshigherthan400℃andpressuresgreaterthan200atmandallpoweredbyfossilfuels.Dr.EmmaLovell,acoauthoronthepaperfromUNSW,saysthetraditionalwaytomakeammoniaknownastheHaberBoschprocessisonlycosteffectivewhenitisproducedonamassivescaleduetothehugeamountsofenergyandexpensivematerialsrequiredanditproducesmoreCO2thananyotherchemicalmakingreaction.“InadditiontothebigcarbonfootprintleftbytheHaberBoschprocess,havingtoproducemillionsoftonsofammoniaincentralisedlocationsmeansevenmoreenergyisrequiredtotransportitaroundtheworld,nottomentiontherisksthatgowithstoringlargeamountsofitintheoneplace,”saysDr.Lovell.“AndwesawtragicallyinBeirutrecentlyhowpotentiallydangerousstoringammoniumnitrate(硝酸盐)canbe.”Dr.Lovellandhercolleaguesthereforelookedathowtoproduceitcheaply,onasmallerscaleandusingrenewableenergy.Theirnewproductionmethoddoesnotrelyonfossilfuelresources,norgiveofCO2.“Andonceitbeesavailablemercially,thetechnologycouldbeusedtoproduceammoniadirectlyonsiteandondemandfarmerscouldevendothisonlocationusingourtechnologytomakefertiliserswhichmeanswenegatetheneedforstorageandtransportThere'sahugebenefittosocietyaswellasthehealthoftheplanet,”Dr.Lovellsays.32.WhatdoweknowabouttheHaverBoschprocess?A.Itdoesharmtotheearth.B.Itrequiresgreenmaterials.C.Ituseslessenergyandischeap.D.Ittransformsfossilfuelsintoammonia.33.WhyisthecityBeirutmentionedinthetext?A.Toremindpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.B.Togiveanexampleoftheriskinammoniastorage.C.Toconvincefarmerstotransportammoniaelsewhere.D.Tostressthechoiceofapropercentralisedlocation.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“negate”probablymeaninthelastparagraph?A.Inspect. B.Avoid. C.Suit. D.Accept.35.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tosolveaproblem. B.Toexplainaprocess.C.Toadvocateatheory. D.Tointroduceamethod.【答案】32.A33.B34.B35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。悉尼新南威尔士大学的化学工程师发现了一种方法，可以从空气、水和可再生电力中制造“绿色”氨，这种新方法的使用对社会和地球的健康都有巨大的好处。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dr.EmmaLovell,acoauthoronthepaperfromUNSW,saysthetraditionalwaytomakeammoniaknownastheHaberBoschprocessisonlycosteffectivewhenitisproducedonamassivescaleduetothehugeamountsofenergyandexpensivematerialsrequiredanditproducesmoreCO2thananyotherchemicalmakingreaction.”（新南威尔大学的合著者EmmaLovell博士说，传统的制造氨的方法——即HaberBosch工艺——只有在大规模生产时才具有成本效益，因为需要大量的能源和昂贵的材料，而且它比其他任何化学制造反应产生更多的二氧化碳。）第三段第一句““InadditiontothebigcarbonfootprintleftbytheHaberBoschprocess,havingtoproducemillionsoftonsofammoniaincentralisedlocationsmeansevenmoreenergyisrequiredtotransportitaroundtheworld,nottomentiontherisksthatgowithstoringlargeamountsofitintheoneplace,”saysDr.Lovel”（Lovel博士说：“除了HaberBosch工艺生产过程留下的大量碳足印，在集中地点生产数百万吨氨意味着需要更多的能源将氨运往全球，更不用说将大量氨存储在一个地方所带来的风险。”）可知，传统的制造氨的方法，HaberBosch工艺对地球是有害的。选项A与文意相符，故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“AndwesawtragicallyinBeirutrecentlyhowpotentiallydangerousstoringammoniumnitrate(硝酸盐)canbe.””（最近，我们在贝鲁特悲惨地看到了储存硝酸铵的潜在危险。）可知，此处引用城市Beirut的例子，是举例说明氨储存的风险。选项B与文意一致，故选B。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Andonceitbeesavailablemercially,thetechnologycouldbeusedtoproduceammoniadirectlyonsiteandondemandfarmerscouldevendothisonlocationusingourtechnologytomakefertilisers”（一旦商业化，这项技术就可以直接在现场生产氨，农民甚至可以在现场使用我们的技术生产化肥）可知，使用了这项技术，可以直接在现场生产氨。即这就意味着我们可以避免储存和运输了。“negate”意思是“避免”，选项B符合题意，故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“ChemicalengineersatUNSWSydneyhavefoundawaytomake"green"ammonia(氨)fromair,waterandrenewableelectricity.”（悉尼新南威尔士大学的化学工程师发现了一种方法，可以从空气、水和可再生电力中制造“绿色”氨），可知本文主要描述了一种可以从空气、水和可再生电力中制造“绿色”氨的新方法。选项D与文意相符，故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thequalityofthefamilyrelationshipismoreimportantthanfamilyconfiguration(结构).Ahealthyfamilyrelationshipisthebaseofahappyfamily.___36___.Althoughfamilyrelationshipsaredifferent,therearecertaincharacteristicsthathealthyfamilyrelationshipsshare.___37___.Familymemberslistentoandgenuinelycareaboutwhattheothersaresaying.Inthesefamilies,municationisonadeepenoughlevelthatallmembersareabletosharetheirfeelings,goals,achievementsandexperiences.Whensomefeedbackandconstructivecriticismaregiven,loveandaffectionaremadeclearbytheuseofpositivewords.Afamilywithahealthyrelationshiprequireseverysinglefamilymember’smitment.Familymembersholdfamilyasatoppriority(优先考虑的事)andconsidertheimpactonrelativesbeforemakingimportantdecisions.Familymembersaredependableandalwaysthereforeachotherintimesofcrisis.___38___.Acharacteristicofhealthyfamilyrelationshipisthattheyspendtimedoingenjoyableactivitiestogether.___39___.Often,theseactivitiesbeefamilytraditions,suchassharingmealstogether,havingfamilyoutingseveryweekendorplayingsportstogether.___40___.Familymembersacceptthattheyeachhavetheirownpersonalities,qualitiesandinterests.Everyoneplaysanimportantroleinthefamily.Whenthereisconflictbetweenfamilymembers,itissolvedinapositiveandhealthymanner.Familymembersalsoacknowledgeeachother’sachievementsandshowappreciationforothermembers.A.Therefore,membersdonotfeeltheyareontheirownB.FamilymembersshareeverythingtheyhavewitheachotherC.RespectisanimportantcharacteristicofhealthyfamilyrelationshipsD.ItprovidesmemberswiththesupportandencouragementthattheyneedE.FamilymemberstendtoselectactivitiesthathelpthefamilytogrowcloserF.ItisimportanttokeepinmindthateachfamilymemberisauniqueindividualG.Familieswithhealthyrelationshipsengageinpositiveandmeaningfulmunication【答案】36.D37.G38.A39.E40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了健康的家庭关系的一些特征。【36题详解】根据上文“Ahealthyfamilyrelationshipisthebaseofahappyfamily.(健康的家庭关系是幸福家庭的基础)”和下文“Althoughfamilyrelationshipsaredifferent,therearecertaincharacteristicsthathealthyfamilyrelationshipsshare.(虽然家庭关系不同，但健康的家庭关系有一些共同的特征)”可知，上文指出健康的家庭关系是幸福家庭的基础，下文指出健康的家庭有一些共同的特征。由此推知，空处承接上文，指出健康的家庭关系的好处。D项“它为成员提供他们所需要的支持和鼓励”符合题意，选项中的“It”指代上文的“Ahealthyfamilyrelationship”。故选D。【37题详解】空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Familymemberslistentoandgenuinelycareaboutwhattheothersaresaying.Inthesefamilies,municationisonadeepenoughlevelthatallmembersareabletosharetheirfeelings,goals,achievementsandexperiences.Whensomefeedbackandconstructivecriticismaregiven,loveandaffectionaremadeclearbytheuseofpositivewords.(家人会倾听并真诚地关心别人说的话。在这些家庭中，交流是在一个足够深的层次上，所有成员能够分享他们的感受，目标，成就和经验。当一些反馈和建设性的批评被给予时，爱和情感通过使用积极的词语来表达)”可知，在健康的家庭关系中成员们的交流都是积极的、有意义的。G项“拥有健康关系的家庭会进行积极而有意义的交流”符合本段主旨，“munication”是关键词。故选G。【38题详解】空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Familymembersholdfamilyasatoppriority(优先考虑的事)andconsidertheimpactonrelativesbeforemakingimportantdecisions.Familymembersaredependableandalwaysthereforeachotherintimesofcrisis.(家庭成员把家庭作为最优先考虑的事情，家庭成员在做重要决定前，会考虑对亲属的影响。家庭成员是可靠的，在危机时刻总是相互帮助)”可知，家庭成员会相会帮助，这样成员就不会觉得什么都靠自己独立解决。A项“因此，家庭成员们并不觉得自己是孤立无援的”符合题意，与上文形成明显的因果关系。故选A。【39题详解】根据主旨句“Acharacteristicofhealthyfamilyrelationshipisthattheyspendtimedoingenjoyableactivitiestogether.(健康家庭关系的一个特点是他们花时间一起做愉快的活动)”可知，本段主要说明在健康的家庭关系中成员们会一起度过快乐、有意义的时光。再结合下文“Often,theseactivitiesbeefamilytraditions,suchassharingmealstogether,havingfamilyoutingseveryweekendorplayingsportstogether.(通常，这些活动会成为家庭传统，比如一起吃饭，每个周末一起外出或一起运动)”推知，上文提到了有利于增进家庭成员关系的活动。E项“家庭成员倾向于选择有助于家庭关系更加亲密的活动”符合题意，且