产后精神情绪障碍Postpartumpsychoemotionaldisorders产后恢复培训P

产后精神情绪障碍Postpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders产后恢复培训课程PostpartumRecoveryTrainingCourse目录（Content）1.产后精神情绪障碍的概念(Conceptofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder)目录（Content）2.产后精神情绪障碍的原因(Causesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder)目录（Content）3.产后精神情绪障碍的类型(Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders)目录（Content）4.

哺乳期心理指导(Psychologicalguidanceduringlactationperiod)一、产后精神情绪障碍的概念(Conceptofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder)产后精神情绪障碍(Postpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder)是指孕妇在产褥期各种有害因素的作用下而产生的各种精神障碍,一般指在产后数日或数周内出现的精神症状。Referstovariousmentaldisorderscausedbyvariousharmfulfactorsduringpuerperium.Itgenerallyreferstothementalsymptomsthatoccurinafewdaysorweeksafterdelivery.一、产后精神情绪障碍的概念(Conceptofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder)产后精神情绪障碍(Postpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder)产后疑病症产后焦虑征产后心绪不良神经衰弱产后精神病(postpartummooddisorder)(postpartumanxiety)(postpartumhypochondria)(neurasthenia)(postpartumpsychosis)怀孕+分娩后的第一年，是女性一生中最具变革性的时期之一。（Pregnancy+1styearafterchildbirth,isoneofthemosttransformativeperiodsinwomen'slife）紧接着是自己身心复原的需求、承受角色转变、生活调适、呵护无助、新生命哺育之责等(thepainfulstruggleinthedeliveryroom,physicalexertion,followedbytheirownphysicalandmentalrecoveryneeds,rolechange,lifeadjustment,helplessness,theresponsibilityofnursinganewlife,etc)

二、产后精神情绪障碍的原因（Causesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder）社会心理因素(Psychosocialfactors）：社会支持，或者从母亲的社会网络和伴侣提供的有形支持的程度。（psychosocialfactors:Socialsupport,orthedegreeoftangiblesupportfromthemother'ssocialnetworkandpartner,）二、产后精神情绪障碍的原因（Causesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder）经济支持或协助照顾婴儿，在促进或减轻产后情绪障碍对母亲和儿童的影响方面起着至关重要的作用。(suchasfinancialsupportorassistanceincaringforthebaby,playsacriticalroleinfacilitatingormitigatingtheeffectsofpostpartummooddisordersonbothmotherandchild.)二、产后精神情绪障碍的原因（Causesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder）研究表明产后精神病的发作是双相情感障碍的一种家族性形式的标志。(Studieshaveshownthatepisodesofpostpartumpsychosisareamarkerforafamilialformofbipolardisorder.）遗传因素（Geneticfactors）怀孕和分娩的一个几乎普遍的特征就是睡眠紊乱。睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱会引发产后精神障碍的发作，尤其是躁狂发作。(analmostuniversalfeatureofpregnancyandchildbirthissleepdisorders.Sleepandcircadianrhythmdisturbancescantriggerepisodesofpostpartumpsychosis,especiallymanicepisodes.)睡眠紊乱（Sleepdisorders）二、产后精神情绪障碍的原因（Causesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder）在产后期间，新妈妈们经常夜间醒来，晚上睡眠时间减少，白天小睡增多，睡眠作息更加不规律,会增加患产后精神情绪障碍的风险。Duringthepostpartumperiod,newmothersoftenwakeupandsleeplessatnight,napmoreduringtheday,andhaveirregularsleeproutine,whicharethoughttoincreasetheriskofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders.睡眠紊乱（Sleepdisorders）二、产后精神情绪障碍的原因（Causesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorder）多项证据表明，围产期生殖激素的波动是妇女产后情绪障碍的重要因素。生殖激素（Reproductivehormones）(Multipleevidencesshowthatfluctuationsinperinatalreproductivehormonesisanimportantfactorinwomen'spostpartummooddisorders.）三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后心绪不良产后焦虑症产后疑病症神经衰弱产后精神分裂症（Postpartumbadmood）（Postpartumanxietydisorder）（Postpartumhypochondria）（Postpartumneurasthenia）（Postpartumschizophrenia）三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后心绪不良（

Postpartumbadmood

)：病情较轻，如焦虑失眠、顾虑不能胜任抚养孩子，不需特殊药物治疗，以心理治疗为主，能得到较好的康复。(theconditionismild,mainlymanifestedasemotionalinstability,frustrationandcrying,anxietyandinsomnia,concernaboutnotbeingabletoraisethechild,nospecialmedicationisneeded,psychotherapyisthemaintreatment,whichcanachievebetterrecovery.)三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后焦虑症（

Postpartumanxietydisorder)：以焦虑为主要临床相关的神经症，无明确客体和具体内容而提心吊胆、恐惧不安，伴显著的植物神经症状，焦虑症状为原发非继发，与现实处境很不相称，并常为此感到十分痛苦。(aneurologicaldisorderwithanxietyasthemainclinicalmanifestation,withoutaclearobjectandspecificcontent,butfearfulandanxious,withsignificantvegetativesymptoms,anxietysymptomsareprimaryandnotsecondary,whicharenotcommensuratewiththeactualsituation,andoftenfeelverypainfulforthis.)三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后焦虑症（

Postpartumanxietydisorder)：与家人关系紧张(Itisoftencharacterizedbytensionwithfamilymembers）对周围事情缺乏兴趣，出现自暴自弃，恐怖(lackofinterestinsurroundingthings,self-abandonment,terror)焦虑、沮丧和对自身及婴儿健康过度担忧(anxiety,depressionandexcessiveconcernfortheirownhealthandthatofthebaby)常失去生活自理及照料婴儿的能力(lossofself-careandabilitytocareforthebaby)

对人充满敌意，呼吸心跳加快，泌乳减少(hostilitytowardpeople,acceleratedbreathingandheartrate,reducedlactation)

厌食失眠消瘦，甚至出现自杀和杀婴的念头(anorexia,insomniaandweightloss,andeventhoughtsofsuicideandinfanticide)三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后疑病症（Postpartumhypochondria)：(aneurosisofpersistentnotionoffearorbeliefofhavingaseriousphysicaldisease,thepatientrepeatedlygoestothedoctorbecauseofthissymptom,andallkindsofnegativemedicaltestsanddoctors'explanationscannotdispeltheirdoubts.)是一种以担心或相信患有严重躯体疾病的持久性观念为主的神经症，病人因为这种症状反复就医，各种医学检查阴性和医生的解释，均不能打消其疑虑。产后神经衰弱（

Postpartumneurasthenia)：三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）以脑和躯体功能衰弱为特征，但不是继发于脑和躯体疾病(characterizedbyweakenedbrainandsomaticfunctions,butnotsecondarytobrainandsomaticdiseases)三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）精神易兴奋但又易疲劳(manifestationsareeasilyexcitedbuteasytofatigue)(muscletensionpain)肌肉紧张性疼痛紧张(anxiety)烦恼(worry)(irritability)易激惹睡眠障碍(sleepdisorder)三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后神经衰弱（Postpartumneurasthenia)：烦恼、紧张、易激惹，常与现实生活中的各种矛盾有关，感到困难重重，难以应付。(Worry,anxiety,irritability,oftenrelatedtovariousconflictsinreallife,whichisdifficulttocopewith.)情感症状(Emotionalsymptoms)精神易兴奋，但无言语运动增多。有时对声光很敏感。(Excitementsymptoms:feelexcitedeasily,noincreaseinspeech.Sometimessensitivetosoundandlight.)

兴奋症状(Excitementsymptoms)三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后神经衰弱（Postpartumneurasthenia)：紧张性头痛、肢体肌肉酸痛.(tensionheadache,limbmuscleaches.)肌肉紧张性疼痛(Muscletensionpainsymptoms)入睡困难、多梦、醒后感到不解乏，睡眠节律紊乱。(difficultyfallingasleep,dreaminess,feelingtiredafterwakingup,lossofsleepiness,disturbanceofsleeprhythm.)

睡眠障碍(Sleepdisorders)三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后神经衰弱（Postpartumneurasthenia)：头晕眼花耳鸣（dizziness,tinnitus,palpitation）（excessivesweating）多汗胸闷腹胀（chesttightness,abdominaldistension）消化不良（indigestion）（frequenturination）尿频月经紊乱(menstrualdisorders）其他心理生理障碍三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后神经衰弱（Postpartumneurasthenia)：产后6周内发生的重度精神、行为障碍(severementalandbehavioraldisordersoccurringwithin6weeksafterdelivery,)急性幻觉和妄想精神错乱抑郁或狂躁交叉（psychosis）（acutehallucinations,delusions）(depressionormania)临床特征三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后神经衰弱（Postpartumneurasthenia)：起病急，以产后7天内发病者最多，情感障碍突出。Theonsetisrapid,withthemostcasesoccurringwithin7daysafterdelivery,andaffectivedisordersareprominent.三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后精神分裂症（Postpartumschizophrenia)：【临床表现】[clinicalmanifestations]

反复出现的幻听(recurrentauditoryhallucinations.)1原发性妄想(Primarydelusion.)2

思维松弛、破裂、贫乏、言语不连贯。(Looseningofassociation,splittingofthought,povertyofthought,incoherentspeech.)3思维逻辑倒错、语词新作。(Thought-logicinversions,neologism)4思想被插入、被撒走、被播散、思维中断、强制性思维。(thoughtinsertion,scattering,disseminated，thoughtinterruptions,compulsivethinking.)5被控制或被洞悉体验(Controlledorinsightfulexperience.)6三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后精神分裂症（Postpartumschizophrenia)：

情感倒错、情感淡漠。(Emotionalinversion,emotionalindifference.)7紧张综合征、怪异行为、愚蠢行为。(Tensionsyndrome,bizarrebehavior,sillybehavior.)8

明显的意志减退或缺乏。(Markeddeclineorlackofwill.)9三、产后精神情绪障碍的类型（Typesofpostpartumpsycho-emotionaldisorders）产后精神分裂症（Postpartumschizophrenia)：【判断标准】[clinicalmanifestations][严重标准]自制力障碍，并有社会功能严重受损或无法进行有效交谈。([Severitycriteria]forpostpartumschizophreniaareimpairedself-controlwithsevereimpairmentofsocialfunctionorinabilitytoengageineffectiveconversation.）[病程标准]符合症状标准和严重标准至少持续1个月。([courseofillnesscriteria]generallyneedtomeetthesymptomcriteriaandseveritycriteriaforatleast1month.）[排除标准]排除器质性精神障碍、精神活性物质、非成瘾物质所致精神障碍。([exclusioncriteria]weretoexcludeorganicmentaldisorders,psychoactivesubstances,andnon-addictivesubstance-inducedmentaldisorders.）四、哺乳期心理指导（Psychologicalguidanceduringlactationperiod）010203尽早讲解早期母乳喂养的一些常识，为母乳喂养取得成功提供一个良好的开端。(Explainsomegeneralknowledgeofearlybreastfeedingtomother