重庆市梁平实验中学高中英语Unit1Grammar课件2重庆大学版必修3

Whyistheroadsowet?Itmusthaverained

lastnight.musthavedone对过去的非常肯定的推测（语气最强）对已发生的过去情况的推测，若陈述句谓语部分有“musthavedone”，而且有表示过去的时间状语,问句部分用didn't；1)Theymusthavegonetherelastnight,

didn'tthey?2)Theymusthavearrivedbynow,haven’tthey?对已发生的过去情况的推测，若陈述句谓语部分有“musthavedone”，若没有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用haven’t或hasn’t.3)HemusthavebeentotheGreatWall,hasn'the?对已发生的过去情况的推测，若陈述句谓语部分有“musthavedone”，若没有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用haven’t或hasn’t.这个房间昨天肯定被清扫了。Theroom_____________________yesterday.

musthavebeencleaned他一定已经背了5000单词了。He_____________5,000words.musthavelearntYoumusthaveseenthefilm“JourneytotheWest”,___________?

haven’tyouTheymusthavebeentotheWorldExpolastweek,_________?

didn’ttheyA:Wherearethegirls?

Couldtheyhavegonehome?B:No,theycan’thavegonehome.It’ssoearly.

canhavedone对过去的疑问推测

can’thavedone对过去的否定推测疑问句和否定句--WhereisJohn?Canhehavegonetotheplayground?--No,hecan’thavegonetotheplaygroundItisraining.--____MrKing_____________theletter?金先生已经收到那封信了吗？--No,he__________________it.不，他不可能收到。Canhavereceivedcan’thavereceived--Look,thelightsareoffintheirroom.--Wherehavetheygone?--Theymighthavegonetothecinema.may/mighthavedone某事有可能发生过(表示对过去的不太肯定的推测，语气比musthavedone弱)用于肯定句和否定句(may的语气比might稍强)---WheredidAdamgetthatnewfootball?Hehasn’tgotanymoney.---It____apresent.Afterall,itwashisbirthdaylastweek.A.mighthavebeenB.mightbe

He______outbecausethelightwason.A.maynothavegone

B.mayhavenotgoneC.maynotgoD.mustnothavegoneA:Hereisadollforyourdaughter.B:Thankyousomuch.It’sbeautiful.Butyouneedn’thaveboughtit.Youhaveboughtsomanyforher.needn’thavedone本没有必要做某事（但此事已做）We___________________theplantbecauseitrainedlastnight.(本无必要)needn’thavewateredOh,I'm

not

feeling

well

in

the

stomach.I

shouldn’thaveeatensomuchfriedchickenjustnow.shouldn’thavedone本不该做某事（但此事已做）表示责备Heshouldhaverepairedthebikeyesterday.shouldhavedone本应该做某事（但此事未做）表示责备你本应该先完成你的作业。You________________yourhomeworkfirst.

shouldhavefinished你本不应该跟我撒谎。You________________tome.shouldn’thaveliedcould+havedone

“本能够，本可以做某事”但却没做他本能够按时完成这项任务的。He_________________thetaskontime,buthedidn’tdoit.couldhavefinishedFindingtheruleModalverbs+havedoneExplanationsExamplesentencesmusthavedoneBelievingwhathappenedinthepastisthecase(usedonlyinpositivesentences)Itmusthaverainedlastnight.can/couldhavedone--WhereisJohn?Couldhehavegonetotheplayground?--No,hecan’thavegonetotheplayground.Itisraining.indicatingthatsomethingwasapossibilityinthepast,thoughitdidnotactuallyhappen(negativeorinterrogativesentences)may/mighthavedone.Suggestingthatitispossiblethatsomethinghappenedorwastrue(usedonlyinpositive/negativesentences)Theymighthavemistakenyoushould/shouldn’thavedoneYoushouldhavedoneyourhomeworkfirst.indicatingthatsomethingdidnot/didhappen,butthespeakerwishesithad(not)happened.needn’thavedoneindicatingthatitisnotnecessaryforsb.todosth,thoughhe/shedidit.Youneedn’thavewateredtheplant.Itrainedlastnight.高考例析1.SorryI’mlate.I_____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.（2000北京春季）

A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

答案为

A。表推测的用法。句意：对不起,我迟到了。我(当时)兴许是关了闹钟又回去睡觉了。might相当于may,但语气更加不肯定。2.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You__homewithoutaword.(01全国)

A.mustn'tleave

B.shouldn'thaveleft

C.couldn'thaveleft

D.needn'tleave

答案为B。虚拟语气用法。句意：我（那时）真地很担心你。你本不应该不留个话就离开家。3.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.

—You__herlastweek.（04福建）

A.oughttotell

B.wouldhavetold

C.musttell

D.shouldhavetold答案为D。虚拟语气用法。句意：---我明天要告诉她我的新工作的情况。---你本应该上周告诉她。4.—Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage.

—Oh,he____havebeenaverysmartboythen.（04全国IV）

A.could

B.should

C.might

D.must答案为D。表推测的用法。句意：—汤姆很年轻的时候就大学毕业了。—哦，他肯定是一个很聪明的男孩儿。

5.He_____havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn'tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.(05北京卷)

A.should

B.must

C.wouldn't

D.can't答案为B。用法同4题。句意：他肯定做完了工作，不然他就不会在海边痛快地玩儿了。

6.—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.

—Well.He____havegonefar—hiscoat’sstillhere.（05湖北卷）A．shouldn't

B．mustn't

C．can't

D．wouldn't答案为C。表推测的用法。句意：—你知道大卫在哪儿吗？我哪儿也找不到他。—瞧，他不可能走远—他的上衣还在这儿呢。can't相当与couldn't，但后者语气更加委婉。练习—ThewomanbiologiststayedinAfricastudyingwildanimalsfor13yearsbeforeshereturned.

—Oh,dear!She___alotofdifficulties!(05江苏卷)

A.maygothrough

B.mightgothrough

C.oughttohavegonethrough

D.musthavegonethrough2.Ihavelostoneofmygloves.I_____itsomewhere.（05北京春季）

A.mustdrop

B.musthavedropped

C.mustbedropping

D.musthavebeendropped

3.Mr.White___at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn'tshowup.（04广西）

A.shouldhavearrived

B.shouldarrive

C.shouldhavehadarrived

D.shouldbearriving

4.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe___haveenteredfree.（05山东卷）

A.could

B.would

C.must

D.need5.—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?

—Something____tohim.(05江西卷)

A.musthappen

B.shouldhavehappened

C.couldhavehappened

D.musthavehappened

6.I___havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened.(05天津卷)

A.shouldn't B.couldn't

C.mustn't D.needn'tChoosethebestanswerforeachblank.1)—Itoldhimthenewsjustnow.—Really?You__him.Heknewitalready.A.shouldn’thavetoldB.mayhavetoldC.needn’thavetoldD.couldn’thavetold2)—Ican’tfindmypenanywhere.I_____it.—That’simpossible.Isawyouwritingwithittenminutesago.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelostC

D

3)—ThatmustbeJack.—Itcan’tbehim.He____withinsuchashorttime.Hesaidhewouldcallmeassoonashearrived.mustn’thavearrivedB.shouldn’thavearrivedC.can’thavearrivedD.neednothavearrived4)—WhereareJoanandMary?—Ithinkthey___early.A.shouldhaveleftB.musthaveleftC.canhaveleftD.needn’thaveleftCB5)—Didyouseethatcarnearlyhitme?I_________killed.—Yes.Itwasgoingsofast.Luckilyyourespondedquickly.couldhavebeenB.mayhavebeenC.musthavebeenD.wasB6)—Mom,Iswepttheflooramomentago.—Thankyou,son.Butyou______it.It’snotverydirtyyet.A.shouldhavesweptB.needn’thavesweptC.mayhavesweptD.canhaveswept7)—It’ssodrythesedays.Eventheplantisdead.—Yes.You_________itmorewater.A.willgiveB.shouldhavegivenC.maysendD.canhavebeensentB

B

8)—Johnpassedtheexam,althoughhedidn’tstudyverymuchforit.—Theexam_________difficult.A.can’thavebeenB.musthavebeenC.couldn’tbeD.mighthavebeen9)—Iwonderwhytheyarelate.—They_________thetrain.A.canmissB.mayhavemissedC.couldmissD.mightmissAB10)—He_________tohelpusyesterday,buthedidn’t.—Youmustforgivehim.Hewasillyesterday.shouldhavecomeB.couldhavecomeC.musthavecomeD.canhavecomeAFindandcorrectthemistakeineachofthefollowingsentences.Sheshouldhadfinishedtheworkthreedaysago.2)Youarewetthrough.Youshouldhavebeencaughtintherain.Sheshouldhavefinishedtheworkthreedaysago.Youarewetthrough.Youmusthavebeencaughtintherain.

.3)Imusthavehelpedthem,butIwasn’tableto.4)Youmustn’thaveseenthemoviebefore,foritwasmadelastweek.Ishouldhavehelpedhim,butIwasn’tableto.Youcan’thaveseenthemoviebefore,foritwasmadelastweek5)Allthelightswereoffatel