2022年云南省丽江市高二下学期期末考试英语试题

丽江市2022年春季学期高中教学质量监测高二英语试卷（全卷四个部分，共8页；满分150分，考试用时120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASomeMusicFestivalsPitchforkMusicFestivalAnyonewhoadoresindie(独立的)musicandup­and­comingartistswillhaveanamazingtimeatthePitchforkMusicFestivalinChicago'sUnionPark.Thisisawonderfulfestivalthatexploresmoreundergroundandless­knownbandsthantheotherbigChicagosummerfestival,Lollapalooza.Date:July14－16Location:Chicago,IllinoisMusicType:IndiePrice:$75－$365EssenceMusicFestivalNomatterwhattimeoftheyearitis,NewOrleansisanincredibleplacetobeifyoulovelivemusic.TheEssenceMusicFestivalisacelebrationofgreatartistslikeDianaRoss,ChakaKhan,andMaryJ.Blige.Date:June29－July2Location:NewOrleans,Louisiana,USAMusicType:R&B,soulPrice:$126－$2,700SzigetFestivalBudapestknowshowtoorganizeaparty,andSzigetisoneofthebiggestcelebrationsofmusicandcultureinallofEurope.YoucanexpecttowatchfavoriteartistslikeBadReligionandMacDeMarcoappearingonthestageshereduringthisseven­dayfestival.Date:August9－15Location:Budapest,HungaryMusicType:Eclectic,indie,rockPrice:$70－$96FlowFestivalTheFlowFestivalisagreatexcusetoexplorethecityofHelsinki.ArtistsincludingLanaDelReyandTheXXwillbeplaying,amongmanyothers.Cometothisfestivaltoenjoyarelaxingatmospherewithanearth­friendlyattitude.Date:August11－13Location:Helsinki,FinlandMusicType:Rock,soul,jazzPrice:$106－$1991.WhatisspecialaboutPitchforkMusicFestival?A.Itismoreindependent. B.Itisheldunderground.C.Itismorefamousthanotherfestivals. D.Itfocusesonunknownbands.2.Wherecanyouenjoyamusicfestivallastingaweek?A.InBudapest. B.InHelsinki.C.InChicago. D.InNewOrleans.3.WhichmusicfestivalwillbeheldinFinland?A.SzigetFestival. B.FlowFestival.C.EssenceMusicFestival. D.PitchforkMusicFestival.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。这篇短文介绍了几个音乐节，包括开放日期、地点和特点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据PitchforkMusicFestival中的“Thisisawonderfulfestivalthatexploresmoreundergroundandless­knownbandsthantheotherbigChicagosummerfestival,Lollapalooza.(这是一个精彩的音乐节，与其他大型的芝加哥夏季音乐节Lollapalooza相比，它探索了更多的地下和不太知名的乐队。)”可知，它探索了更多的不太知名的乐队，这正是他的特殊之处。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据SzigetFestival中的“Date:August9－15Location:Budapest,Hungary(日期：8月9日至15日地点：布达佩斯，匈牙利)”可知，在布达佩斯的音乐节持续一周。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据FlowFestival中的“Location:Helsinki,Finland(地点：赫尔辛基，芬兰)”可知，芬兰举行的音乐节是FlowFestival。故选B。BDoyoumakemoneybydoingsmalljobs?Ifyoudo,youmayhaveheardoftheideaofspendingonlysomeofit,savingsomeofitanddonatingsometopeoplewhoneeditmore.TheheadofFacebook,MarkZuckerberg,andhiswifeannouncedtheyweregivingaway99%oftheirmoneyfromFacebookduringtheirlivestohelpothers!Thataloneisamazingconsideringmostpeopledonateabout3%to5%ofthemoneytheyhave.Itisevenmoreamazingwhenyourealizethey’redonatingabout$45billion.That’s$45,000,000,000!!!!Don’tworry.They’llstillhaveabout$455milliontoliveon!Theymadethisdecisionpartlybecausetheyhadababygirl,Max,andthoughtaboutwhatkindofworldthey’dlikehertogrowupin.Itmustbeanamazingfeelingtohavethatkindofmoneyspentonpeopleinneed.MarkZuckerbergisoneoftherichestpersonsintheworld,somostofuswillneverknowwhatthatwouldbelike.Butwedon’thavetobesuperwealthytomakemeaningfulchange.Sometimeschangecancomefromchange!Ten-year-oldJoeyRothfromAmericastartedsavingupchangehefoundanywhere--aroundhishouse,onthestreet,onhiswaytoschool…Andthenhestartedputtingitinajar.Heevenaskedthetoothfairytodonatesomechangeinhislettertoherafterhelostatooth!(Thetoothfairyisanimaginaryperson.)Hiscollection,JarforChange,hasgrownintoacommunity-wideeffortandhehasraisedover$10,000allfrompeopledroppingcoinsintojars!Themoneyheraisesgoestohelpconnectparentswiththeirverysickbabies.Seewhatthesepeoplehavedone?You,too,canhelpothers—nomatterhowoldyouare,whereyouliveandhowmuchyouearn!4.Howmuchwouldmostpeopledonateiftheyhad20,000yuan?A.60-100yuan. B.300-500yuan.C.600-1000yuan. D.30-50yuan.5MarkZuckerbergandhiswifedecidedtomakesuchadonationpartlybecauseof________.A.JoeyRoth B.theirchildhoodC.theireducation D.theirdaughter6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.Makingmoney. B.Givingaway$45billiontohelpothers.C.Beingtherichestpersonintheworld. D.Spendingmoneyunwisely.7.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusbymentioningJoeyRoth’sstory?A.Everyonecanmakeadifference. B.Givingmakespeoplehappy.C.Pocketmoneycanbehelpful. D.Givingisbetterthanreceiving.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍不是非要有很多钱才能帮助他人，我们可以从小处做起。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thataloneisamazingconsideringmostpeopledonateabout3%to5%ofthemoneytheyhave.(考虑到大多数人捐出大约3%到5%的钱，这本身就很令人惊讶。)”可知，大多数人会把自己所拥有资金的3%-5%捐出去，所以，如果有20000元，大多数会捐出600-1000元。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Theymadethisdecisionpartlybecausetheyhadababygirl,Max,andthoughtaboutwhatkindofworldthey’dlikehertogrowupin.(他们做出这个决定的部分原因是，他们有了一个女儿Max，他们想象着她在一个什么样的世界里长大。)”可知，他们捐出这么一大笔钱是因为他们的女儿。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Itisevenmoreamazingwhenyourealizethey’redonatingabout$45billion.(当你意识到他们捐赠了450亿美元时，你会更惊讶。)”和划线单词前一句“Itmustbeanamazingfeelingtohavethatkindofmoneyspentonpeopleinneed.(把那么多钱花在有需要的人身上一定是一种很棒的感觉。)”以及划线单词所在句“MarkZuckerbergisoneoftherichestpersonsintheworld,somostofuswillneverknowwhatthatwouldbelike.(马克·扎克伯格是世界上最富有的人之一，所以我们大多数人永远不会知道那会是什么样子。)”可知，此处说的是我们没有像他那么多的财富，所以我们大多数人都不知道把捐赠450亿美元用来帮助别人的感觉。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章第二段、第三段主要讲述了大富翁MarkZuckerberg夫妇捐款助人的事迹；根据第四段“Butwedon’thavetobesuperwealthytomakemeaningfulchange.(但我们不需要超级富有才能做出有意义的改变。)”可知，作者认为不是非要有很多钱才能帮助他人。接着讲述了JoeyRoth这个普通小男孩攒钱助人的事迹。所以，作者提到这个小男孩是为了告诉我们每个人都可以帮助其他人、都可以给这个世界带来改变。故选A。CBlooddonationssavelives.Butbloodcanonlybestoredunderrefrigeration(冷藏)foruptosixweeks.Afterthat,it’snolongerusablefortransfusions(输血).“Becauseofthatlimitation,peoplehavetocontinuallydonatebloodtomeettheneeds.Butalso,inplaceswhererefrigerationmaynotbeavailable,thatcanalsobeachallenge.It’sdifficulttohavebloodavailablewhenneeded.”UniversityofLouisvillebioengineerJonathanKopecheksays.HealsosaysdisruptionstoregularblooddonationsduetoCOVID-19haveputstressonthebloodsupply,andCOVID-19strengthenstheneedformorereliablelong-termstoragemethods.Butit’sprettyrarebecauseofallthechallengesandcomplexitieswiththatprocess.InsteadKopechek’steamhasdevelopedamethodofpreservingbloodsoitcanbestoredinadehydrated(脱水的)stateatroomtemperature.Todoso,theyturnedtoanunusualpreservative(防腐剂):asugarcalledtrehalose,whichisacommoningredient(成分)indonuts（甜甜圈）tohelpmakethemlookfreshevenwhentheymightbemonthsold,andpeoplewouldn’tknowthedifference.Atthatpoint,thebloodcouldbedriedandmadeintoapowder(粉末).Andthenwecanrehydrate(再水化)thebloodandhaveitreturnbacktonormal.Theteamisstilltryingtoimproveyieldsbutthinksthedriedbloodcouldbestoredatroomtemperatureforyears.Kopecheksaysthetechniquecouldbereadyforclinicaltrialsinthreetofiveyears.Ifsuccessful,itcouldbeusedtocreatestoresofdriedbloodincaseoffuturepandemicsornaturaldisasters,andforfirstaidwork,militaryoperationsorevenmissionstoMars.MaybefirstaidkitsontheRedPlanetwillincludedriedredbloodcells.8.Whyweneedamorereliablemethodtopreserveblood?A.Refrigerationcan’tbeafforded.B.Thecosttostorebloodisveryhigh.C.Peoplecan’tdonatetheirbloodforCOVID-19.D.Bloodcanonlybestoredunderrefrigerationforashorttime.9.Whatmakesthefoodorbloodlookfresh?A.Trehalose. B.Donuts.C.Powder. D.Thenewtechnique.10.Whatcanweknowaboutthetechnique?A.Itissuccessfulnow. B.Ithasbeenputintouse.C.Itwillbewidelyused. D.Ithasbeenresearchedfor3to4years.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtostoreblood.B.Shortageofrefrigeration.C.Anewtechniqueofstoringblood.D.Anewtechniqueusedinmanyfields.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种储存血液的新技术的实验制备过程和成效以及它的发展前景。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butbloodcanonlybestoredunderrefrigeration(冷藏)foruptosixweeks.Afterthat,it’snolongerusablefortransfusions(输血).（但是血液只能在冷藏条件下保存6周。在那之后，它就不能用于输血了。）”可知，我们需要更可靠的方法来保存血液是因为血液只能在冷藏条件下短时间保存。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Todoso,theyturnedtoanunusualpreservative(防腐剂):asugarcalledtrehalose,whichisacommoningredient(成分)indonuts（甜甜圈）tohelpmakethemlookfreshevenwhentheymightbemonthsold,andpeoplewouldn’tknowthedifference.（为了做到这一点，他们使用了一种不寻常的防腐剂:一种叫做海藻糖的糖，它是甜甜圈的常见成分，可以使它们看起来新鲜，即使它们可能已经几个月了，而人们不知道其中的区别。）”可知，是海藻糖让食物或血液看起来新鲜。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifsuccessful,itcouldbeusedtocreatestoresofdriedbloodincaseoffuturepandemicsornaturaldisasters,andforfirstaidwork,militaryoperationsorevenmissionstoMars.（如果成功的话，它可以用来储存干血，以防未来的流行病或自然灾害，以及用于急救工作、军事行动甚至火星任务。）”可知，这项技术如果成功，那它将被广泛使用。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“InsteadKopechek’steamhasdevelopedamethodofpreservingbloodsoitcanbestoredinadehydrated(脱水的)stateatroomtemperature.（相反，科佩切克的团队已经开发了一种保存血液的方法，这样它就可以在室温下以脱水状态保存。）”及全文可知，本文主要是讲述一种储存血液的新技术。故选C。DComparedwiththeobviousenvironmentalissueswehearabouteveryday,litteringoftentakesabackseat-butit’smorepressingthanwemaythink.Somemaysaythatabananapeeloutofyourcaralongthemotorwaywouldbeaharmlessaction.Actually,theyarewrong.Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstodecompose(分解)，andwithathirdofmotoristsadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that’sawholelotofdiscardedbananapeels,ormuchworse.Anorangepeelandacigarettebutthasasimilarbiodegrading(生物降解)termtothatofabanana,buttinandaluminiumcanslastupto100years,andplasticbottleslastforever,sodoglassbottlesandplasticbags.Despitethefactthatlonger-lastingmaterialswillservetodamagetheenvironmentanditsanimalsforlonger,wecan’tonlymeasuretheseverityofacertaintypeofrubbishbyitslifetime.Forexample,despitehavingafairlyshortbiodegradingspan,morethan120tonsofcigarette-relatedlitteristhrownawayintheUKeveryday.Similarly,ourregularlitteringhereandtherehascausedtheUK’smousepopulationtoincreaseby60million.Thissuddenlyisn’tsomysteriouswhenyouconsiderthatsincethe1960sourannuallitteringhasincreasedbyanamazing500%.It’snotacheaphabiteither:UKtaxpayersspent$500milliononkeepingthestreetsclean.So,it’snotsurprisingthatifcaughtfly-tipping,youcouldfacea$20,000fine.Regardlessofhowseverethepunishmentmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000werepunishedoutof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogoinmakingsurepeopleobservetherules.Totakebackourbeautifulcities,weneedtodomorethansimplynotleavingrubbishwhereitoughtnottobe.Weneedtocaremoreabouttheworldaroundus.12.Whichofthefollowingiseasiesttodecompose?A.Analuminiumcan. B.Aplasticbag.C.Anorangepeel. D.Aglassbottle.13.WhatcanweknowfromPara.3?A.AnnuallitteringhasincreasedalittleinUKsincethe1960s.B.Shorter-lastingmaterialswillbelessharmfultotheenvironment.C.Cigarette-relatedlitterisasevereenvironmentalprobleminUK.D.RegularlitteringhascausedtheUK’smousepopulationtoreach60million.14.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeUK’spunishmentonlitteringaccordingtoPara.4?A.Everylittlehelps. B.Adropinthebucket.C.Nopains,nogains. D.Fearisoftengreaterthanthedanger.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Littering,asurprisinglybigissue.B.Environmentissue,abigconcern.C.Long-lastingmaterial,ahiddendanger.D.Rubbishcollection,anurgenttask.【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与我们每天听到的那些显而易见的环境问题相比，乱扔垃圾往往居于次要地位——但它比我们想象的更紧迫。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstodecompose(分解)，andwithathirdofmotoristsadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that’sawholelotofdiscardedbananapeels,ormuchworse.Anorangepeelandacigarettebutthasasimilarbiodegrading(生物降解)termtothatofabanana,buttinandaluminiumcanslastupto100years,andplasticbottleslastforever,sodoglassbottlesandplasticbags.(香蕉皮需要长达两年的时间才能分解，三分之一的司机承认在开车时乱扔垃圾，这是一堆丢弃的香蕉皮，甚至更糟。橘子皮和烟蒂的生物降解程度与香蕉相似，但锡罐和铝罐可以保存100年，塑料瓶可以保存100年，玻璃瓶和塑料袋也一样。)”可知，橘子皮需要两年时间才能分解；而铝罐、塑料袋和玻璃瓶需要100年，所以最容易分解的是橘子皮。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Despitethefactthatlonger-lastingmaterialswillservetodamagetheenvironmentanditsanimalsforlonger,wecan’tonlymeasuretheseverityofacertaintypeofrubbishbyitslifetime.Forexample,despitehavingafairlyshortbiodegradingspan,morethan120tonsofcigarette-relatedlitteristhrownawayintheUKeveryday.(尽管更持久的材料会更长时间地破坏环境和动物，但我们不能只通过垃圾的寿命来衡量其严重程度。例如，尽管生物降解的时间相当短，但在英国，每天仍有120多吨与香烟有关的垃圾被丢弃。)”可推断，在英国，与香烟相关的垃圾是一个严重的环境问题。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Regardlessofhowseverethepunishmentmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000werepunishedoutof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogoinmakingsurepeopleobservetherules.(然而，不管处罚看起来有多严厉，在报告的82.5万起案件中，只有2000起受到了处罚，所以我们在确保人们遵守规则方面还有一段路要走。)”可知，作者认为在垃圾方面的处罚力度是远远不够的。选项A“Everylittlehelps.(每一点都是有帮助的。)”；选项B“Adropinthebucket.(沧海一粟、九牛一毛)”；选项C“Nopains,nogains.(没有付出就没有回报)”；选项D“Fearisoftengreaterthanthedanger.(杞人忧天)”。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Comparedwiththeobviousenvironmentalissueswehearabouteveryday,litteringoftentakesabackseat-butit’smorepressingthanwemaythink.(与我们每天听到的那些显而易见的环境问题相比，乱扔垃圾往往居于次要地位——但它比我们想象的更紧迫。)”以及最后一段“Totakebackourbeautifulcities,weneedtodomorethansimplynotleavingrubbishwhereitoughtnottobe.Weneedtocaremoreabouttheworldaroundus.(为了夺回我们美丽的城市，我们需要做的不仅仅是不把垃圾留在不该留在的地方。我们需要更多地关心我们周围的世界。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍的是乱扔垃圾是一个很严重的问题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Easywaystoimproveyourworkproductivity___16___.TakebreaksoutsideGettingoutsidetostretchyourlegscanboostyourmoodandhelpyoutodisconnectfromyourworkforabit.___17___.Sotakingawalkwhenyoutakeyourbreakwillmeanthatyoureturntoyourdeskfeelingmorepositiveandfocused,readytotacklewhatevertaskisnext.SetagoodmorningroutineAgoodmorningroutinecanmakeaworldofdifferencetoyourday.Setyouralarmalittleearlierandusethetimeyouhavetocreateamorningroutinethatrefreshesandenergizesyou.___18___.Taketimetoreadajournal,pickoutanoutfitthatmakesyoufeelconfident,anddowhateveryouneedtoputyourselfintherightheadspacetohaveagoodday.___19___Justasimportantassettingoutboundarieswhenitcomestoyourwork,setoutboundarieswhenitcomestoyourpersonalandsociallife.Makequalitytimeforyourselfandthepeopleyoulovebysettingboundariesregardingyourworkandgivingtimeandspacetotheotherareasofyourlife.Getenoughsleep___20___.Afteragoodnight'ssleepourbrainwillfeelenergizedandsharp,whereasaroughnight'ssleepcanleaveusfeelingslowandunmotivated.Makesureyou'resettingyourselfupforsuccessbyregularlygettingagoodnight'ssleep.A.SticktoyourboundariesB.HaveapleasantandfulfilledlifeC.GoforarunordosomeyogatostartyourmorningD.Don'tignoretheimportanceofgettingupearlyforworkE.HerearesomeeasywaysthatyoucanimproveyourworkproductivityF.WecannotoverestimatetheimportancethatsleephasonourproductivityG.ThevitaminDwegetfromthesunhasalsobeenproventoboostourmood【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了提高工作效率的三个简单方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Weallwanttogetmoreoutofourdaybutwedon'talwaysknowhowtogoaboutit.(我们都想从我们的一天中得到更多，但我们并不总是知道如何去做。)以及下文列出有效方法，可知空格处承上启下，E项“这里有一些简单的方法可以提高你的工作效率”符合语境，因此下文内容。故选E。【17题详解】根据标题“Takebreaksoutside”可知，本段建议到户外休息，前文“Gettingoutsidetostretchyourlegscanboostyourmoodandhelpyoutodisconnectfromyourworkforabit.”(到外面去伸展你的双腿可以提高你的情绪，帮助你暂时脱离你的工作)可知，下文讲述与户外相关的原因或因素，户外一般会有阳光，G项中的“thesun”与上文相符，因此推断G项“我们从太阳中获得的维生素D也已被证明可以改善我们的情绪”符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】上文“Agoodmorningroutinecanmakeaworldofdifferencetoyourday.Setyouralarmalittleearlierandusethetimeyouhavetocreateamorningroutinethatrefreshesandenergizesyou.”(一个好的早晨习惯可以让你的一天变得不同。把你的闹钟定得早一点，利用这段时间来创造一个让你精神焕发、充满活力的早晨习惯)可知，这里主要讲述早起养成早间习惯，让自己精神焕发，充满活力，C项中的“startyourmorning”与上文相符，是一个早起可以让你精神焕发的活动。因此推断C项“去跑步或做一些瑜伽来开始你的早晨”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】空格处为段落标题，根据下文“Justasimportantassettingoutboundarieswhenitcomestoyourwork,setoutboundarieswhenitcomestoyourpersonalandsociallife.Makequalitytimeforyourselfandthepeopleyoulovebysettingboundariesregardingyourworkandgivingtimeandspacetotheotherareasofyourlife.”(正如当涉及到你的工作时，设定界限重要一样，当涉及到你的个人和社会生活时，也要设定界限。通过设定关于工作的界限，为自己和你所爱的人留出高质量的时间，并为你生活的其他领域提供时间和空间)可知，这段主要讲的是设定界限，因此推断A项“坚持你的界限”为最佳标题。故选A。【20题详解】根据标题“Getenoughsleep”可知，本段建议获得足够的睡眠，下文“Afteragoodnight'ssleepourbrainwillfeelenergizedandsharp,whereasaroughnight’ssleepcanleaveusfeelingslowandunmotivated.Makesureyou'resettingyourselfupforsuccessbyregularlygettingagoodnight'ssleep.”(睡个好觉之后，我们的大脑会感到精力充沛、思维敏捷，而睡不好会让我们感觉迟钝、没有动力。确保定期睡个好觉，为成功做好准备。)讲述经过一夜的良好睡眠，我们的大脑会感到精力充沛和敏锐，而睡不好会让我们感到迟钝和缺乏动力。说明睡眠对生产力很重要，因此推断F项“我们再怎么强调睡眠对我们生产力的重要性都不为过”符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fiveyearsago,ItookasightseeingtriptoWashingtonDC.Isawmany___21___nationtreasures,andIalsosawmanypoor___22___likebeggarsandhomelessfolks.Standingoutsidethemuseum,Ihearda___23___behindme,“Canyouhelpme?”WhenI___24___around,Isawanelderlyblindwomanwithherhandsextended(伸着).I___25___intomypocket,tookoutthe___26___andplacedtheminherhandwithoutevenlooking___27___her.IhatedbeingtroubledbyabeggarwhenIwas___28___seeingpeopleandthingsaround.Buttomy___29___，theblindwomansmiledandsaid,“Idon'tneedyourmoney.Ijustneedyour____30____tofindthepostoffice.IsoonrealizedIhad____31____anotherpersonforwhatIthoughtshehadtobe.Thisexperiencemademefeelbadaboutmyself.____32____,inmyownlife,Ihavealso____33____manyactsofprejudice(偏见).WhenIworkedasabusboyattheageof17,Iheardafathertellhissonthathewould____34____likemeifhedidn'tworkharder.Ishouldhave____35____thetreatmentandknownwhatitislike.Butnowlivingagoodlifeasanetworkengineer,it'stooeasytoforgetmy____36____,toforgetwhoIamandwhereIhavebeen,andtoignore____37____Iwanttogo.Theblindwomancuredmeofmy____38____.ShemademerealizethatIshouldalwaysstayhumble(谦卑的)andkeepmyeyesandheart____39____Bytheway,Ihelpedthatladytogettothepostoffice.I____40____hopetothankherforthepricelesslessonshegaveme.21.A.wonderful B.official C.colorful D.popular22.A.workers B.audience C.people D.students23.A.cry B.voice C.shout D.noise.24.A.ran B.walked C.looked D.turned25.A.reached B.felt C.checked D.stepped26.A.papers B.pictures C.coins D.cards27.A.for B.at. C.after D.through28.A.imagining B.finishing C.practicing D.enjoying29.A.surprise B.pleasure C.interest D.sorrow30.A.hand B.idea. C.help D.suggestion31.A.trusted B.judged C.forgot D.met32.A.Inshort B.Inbrief C.Inorder D.Infact33.A.experienced B.watched C.found D.accepted34.A.givein B.falldown C.endup D.passaway35.A.kept B.remembered C.received D.refused36.A.pain B.joy C.future D.past37.A.where B.why C.when D.how38.A.foolishness B.kindness C.blindness D.illness39.A.calm B.open C.warm D.shut40.A.equally B.gradually C.frequently D.sincerely【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.C27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B36.D37.A38.C39.B40.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个盲人给我上了生动的一课，让我认识到自己的问题所在，即不能公平地对待每一个人。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看到了许多美妙的国家珍宝，我也看到很多穷人，像乞丐和无家可归的人。A.wonderful精彩的；B.official正式的；C.colorful多彩多样的；D.popular受欢迎的。根据下文的“nationtreasures”可推知，此处是指精美的国家珍宝。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到了许多美妙的国家珍宝，我也看到很多穷人，像乞丐和无家可归的人。A.workers工人；B.audience听众；C.people人们；D.students学生。根据句意可知，此处是指“穷人”。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：站在博物馆外面，我听到身后有一个声音：“你能帮我吗？”A.cry哭喊；B.voice声音；C.shout大喊；D.noise噪音。根据动词“Canyouhelpme?”可知，听到的是嗓音，即人说话的声音。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我转过身来的时候，我看到一位年老的盲人妇女伸出她的手。A.ran跑；B.walked行走；C.looked看；D.turned转身。turnedaround转身。根据上文的“Ihearda___3___behindme”可知，声音是从后面传来的，所以需要转身才能看见说话的人。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把手伸进口袋，拿出了硬币，把它们放在她的手上，甚至连看都不看她一眼。A.reached到达；B.felt感到；C.checked检查；D.stepped踏。根据下文“Idon'tneedyourmoney.Ijustneedyour___10___tofindthepostoffice.”可知，作者准备给老人钱，由此可知，此处指作者把手伸进口袋去掏钱。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把手伸进口袋，拿出了硬币，把它们放在她的手上，甚至连看都不看她一眼。A.papers文件；B.pictures图片；C.coins硬币；D.cards卡片。根据下文“Idon'tneedyourmoney.”可知，作者从口袋里掏出钱，结合选项“硬币”符合语境。故选C。【27题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我把手伸进口袋，拿出了硬币，把它们放在她的手上，甚至连看都不看她一眼。A.for为了；B.at在；C.after之后；D.through通过。根据下文的“Ihatedbeingtroubledbyabeggar”可推知，作者不愿意正眼看这个“乞丐”。lookat看。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我欣赏周围的人和事物时，非常讨厌被乞丐缠着。A.imagining想象；B.finishing完成；C.practicing练习；D.enjoying享受。根据上文“ItookasightseeingtriptoWashingtonDC.”可知，作者是来旅行的，因此用“享受”符合语境。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶是，盲女微笑着说：“我不需要你的钱。”A.surprise惊讶；B.pleasure愉快；C.interest兴趣；D.sorrow悲伤。根据“Idon'tneedyourmoney.”可知，盲人不需要作者的钱，由此推知，作者会感到惊讶。toone’ssurprise令某人惊讶的是。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想让你帮助我找到邮局。A.hand手；B.idea想法；C.help帮助；D.suggestion建议。此人是盲人，由此可知，此处是指她需要作者帮助她找到邮局。且下文的“Ihelpedthatladytogettothepostoffice.”也是提示。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快意识到，我只是按自己的想法来判断一个人，认为她/他一定是这样的。A.trusted相信；B.judged判断；C.forgo忘记；D.met遇到。结合上文作者认为盲女是乞丐，和“whatIthoughtshehadtobe.”可知，作者是按自己想法来判断别人。故选B。【32题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，在我自己的生活中，我也经历过许多偏见。A.Inshort总而言之；B.Inbrief简而言之；C.Inorder按顺序；D.Infact事实上。根据下文作者讲述作者小时候经历的故事可知，事实上生活中到处都有偏见。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，在我自己的生活中，我也经历过许多偏见。A.experienced经历，体验；B.watched观看；C.found发现；D.accepted接受。根据下文“Iheardafathertellhissonthathewould___14___likemeifhedidn'tworkharder.”可知，作者当勤杂工时经历过被别人看不起的事情。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我17岁作勤杂工时，我听到一个父亲告诉他的儿子，如果他不更努力，他会像我一样完蛋。A.givein屈服；B.falldown跌倒；C.endup结束；D.passaway去世。根据下文的“ifhedidn'tworkharder”可知，此处是指父亲告诉儿子，如果他不努力，他的结局就会和作者当时一样。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本应该记住那个遭遇，并且理解它是什么。A.kept保存；B.remembered记得；C.received收到；D.refused拒绝。根据下文“it'stooeasytoforgetmy___16___,toforgetwhoIamandwhereIhavebeen”可知，因为好的生活，作者忘记了本该记住的耻辱。故选B。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是现在作为一个网络工程师过着美好的生活，我太容易忘记自己的过去，忘记我是谁，我在哪里，忽略我想要去哪里。A.pain疼痛；B.joy喜悦；C.future将来；D.past过去。根据“nowlivingagoodlifeasanetworkengineer”可知，此处是指现在的好生活，让作者忘记了过去。故选D。【37题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：但是现在作为一个网络工程师过着美好的生活，我太容易忘记自己的过去，忘记我是谁，我在哪里，忽略我想要去哪里。A.where哪里；B.why为什么；C.when什么时候；D.how怎么。分析句子可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句成分完整，但需要“哪里”之意，应用连接副词where。故选A。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：失明的女人治好了我的愚昧。A.foolishness愚蠢；B.kindness善意；C.blindness失明；D.illness生病。结合上文可知，作者以前也经历过被小瞧，而现在的自己却瞧不起别人，带着偏见去判断别人，这是他的愚昧之处。故选C。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她让我意识到我应该始终保持谦卑，睁开眼睛，打开心扉。A.calm镇静的；B.open开着的；C.warm温暖的；D.shut关闭的。结合上文作者甚至都不看一眼这个盲女，和句中的“Ishouldalwaysstayhumble”可知，作者认为自己要保持谦卑，睁大眼睛，打开心扉，公平地对别人做出判断。故选B。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。我衷心希望感谢她给我上的宝贵的一课。A.equally平等地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.frequently频繁地；D.sincerely真诚地。根据下文“thankherforthepricelesslessonshegaveme.”可知，作者衷心希望可以感谢这位盲女。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Afterfouryearsoflivinghere,Ihaveabetter___41___(understand)ofnorthernChina’sfood.NorthernChina’sheartyfoodis___42___(general)moreacceptabletoWesterners.TheycanenjoyBeijingroastduck,beefanddairyfromInnerMongolia,andKoreandishesinthenortheast.NorthernChinaexperiencescoldanddrywinters,andhotsummers,___43___(make)caloriesandsaltreplacementmoreimportant.Asaresult,northerndisheshavestrongflavors,comparedwiththesouth___44___dishesarelighterinflavor.WheatisthemaincropofnorthernChina,andyouwillfindavarietyofwheat-flour___45___(product).Riceisalsoeateninthenorth,butitiscertainlysecondarytowheat.Dumplingsareverypopularinthenorth,___46___(serve)withvinegarfordipping.Northernerstendtoeatmoremeatanddairyforthepurpose___47___fightingagainstthecoldweather.Mostmeatdishes___48___(base)onmutton,pork,beef,chicken,andfish.Therearelessfreshvegetablesavailablebecauseof___49___coldweather.Fruitistraditionallylimitedtoafewhardseasonalvarietieslikeapples,soitdoesn’tfeaturemuchinthecuisine,althoughthenorthwestisfamousfor____50____(it)driedfruitandwine.【答案】41.understanding42.generally43.making44.where45.products46.served47.of48.arebased49.the50.its【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国北方的食物特色。【41题详解】考查固定短语。句意：在这里生活了四年之后，我对中国北方的食物有了更好的理解。短语：haveabetterunderstandingof对……有更好的理解。故填understanding。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：中国北方丰盛的食物通常更容易被西方人接受。修饰形容词acceptable用副词。故填generally。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国北方经历了寒冷干燥的冬天和炎热的夏天，这使得热量和盐的替代变得更加重要。非谓语动词担当结果状语，表示主句一句话所产生的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填making。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：因此，北方菜的味道比较重，而南方菜的味道比较淡。句中先行词为thesouth，在定语从句中担当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。【45题详解】考查名词的数。句意：小麦是中国北方的主要作物，你会发现各种各样的小麦粉制品。product为可数名词，根上文的“avarietyof”可知，空处填名词的复数形式。故填products。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：饺子在北方很受欢迎，用醋蘸着吃。非谓语动词担当状语，动词serve和主语dumplings之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填served。【47题详解】考查介词。句意：为了抵御寒冷的天气，北方人倾向于吃更多的肉和奶制品。短语：forthepurposeof为了……的目的。故填of。【48题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：大多数肉类菜肴以羊肉、猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉和鱼为基础。根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语meatdishes为复数，和动词base之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填arebased。【49题详解】考查冠词。句意：由于寒冷的天气，能买到的新鲜蔬菜较少。weather前用定冠词the，表示特指寒冷的天气。故填the。【50题详解】考查代词。句意：水果传统上仅限于一些季节性较强的品种，如苹果，所以在菜肴中并没有太多的特色，尽管西北地区以果脯和葡萄酒闻名。根据空后的driedfruitandwine可知，空处为形容词性物主代词。故填its。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请您修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分WhenIamalittlegirl,Iwantedtobeafilmstar.Ithoughtitwouldbecooltobeinthe