2022年辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中高二下学期期末学业质量监测考试英语试题

PAGE葫芦岛市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末学业质量监测考试英语考生注意：1．试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。试卷包括Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷两部分。3．答题前，务必在答题纸上按要求填写信息，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。Ⅰ卷部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，Ⅱ卷部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AUltimateDriverMostpeopleabove16yearsoldhaveastrongwishthattheyshoulddriveontheroadbythemselves.Thusgettingalicenseisanexcitingtimeintheirlife.UltimateDriversistheretohelpyourteenlearntherulesoftheroadandgaincrucialdrivingexperience.WhatWeOfferUltimateDrivers’Programwillhelpstudentspreparefortheirroadtestandgivethemtheskillstheyneedtobecomelifelongsafeanddefensivedrivers.Thebeginnerprogramoffers20hoursofin-classtraining,12hoursofhomeworkassignmentsand8hoursofin-cartraining.Eachin-classtraininglasts120minutesandeachone-on-onein-cartraining80minutes.What’smore,studentscanbepickedupforfreefromhome,workorschool.WhatYouNeedKnowStudentscancompletetheclassroompartofthecourseinjusttwoweekendsorifitbettersuitstheirschedules,theycantakeitduringtheeveningsonweekdays.Therearealsoclassesofferedduringtheholidaybreak.StudentscanstarttakingtheclassroompartofthedrivingtrainingwithouttheG1license,butdoneeditbythetimethey’rereadytostartthein-cardrivinglessons.WhatExtraBenefitsAreThebeginnerdriverscangainmuchthroughtheprogram.Afterthatthey’llreceivestudenttestimonials(证明书).Thetestimonialsshowteenagerswhohavetakenthecoursefeelmoreconfidentintheirabilitiesandmanybelievetheycouldn’thavepassedtheroadtestwithoutit.SignupbeforeAprilfifth,andstudentscanalsogetaninsurancediscount!21.Howmanytimesdoestheprogramofferin-classtraining?A.8. B.10. C.12. D.20.22.Whatdostudentsneedtodotohavein-cardrivinglessons?A.GettheG1license. B.Finishtheclassroompart.C.Takeoutinsurance. D.Receiveastudenttestimonial.23.Whattypeofwritingisthetext?A.Areview. B.Anannouncement.C.Aguide. D.Anadvertisement.BTravelingonanairplanecanbeaverytiringtaskeveninthebestofcircumstances,whichiswhywhenSophieMurphyboardedarecentflightfromSydneytoMelbourneandnoticedan“awfultension”inthecabin,shefirstthoughtitwascausedbytypicalbad-temperedpassengers.Butastheflightneareditsend,itbecameobviousthatsomethingwasverywrong.AteenageboywithDownsyndrome(唐氏综合症)whowastravelingwithhisfamilyhadbecomeupsetandwouldnotreturntohisseat,regardlessofthecabincrew’swarningsovertheloudspeakerthatitwasalmosttimetoland.Thepilotwasforcedtocircleabovetheairport,delayingthelanding—andangeringpeopleonthealreadytenseflight.“Ifitwereacartoon,”rememberedMurphy,“therewouldhavebeensmokecomingoutofpeople’sears.”Astheboy’selderlyparentsandadultbrothersandsisterstriedtopersuadehimtogetoffthefloorandbackintohisseat,butinvain,Murphy,42—whohadbeenateacherformorethan20years—stoodupandquicklyheadedtothebackoftheplane.Shefoundtheboyinthepassagebetweenrowsofseats,lyingonhisbelly,andlaydownonherstomachtofacehim.Shebeganchattingcalmlywithhim,askinghisname,hisfavoritebook,andhisfavoritecharacters.Hetoldherhefeltsickandshetriedtocomforthim.Minuteslater,heallowedhertoholdhishand—andthentogethertheygotproperlybackintoairplaneseats.Murphyaskedforsickbags,andheldthemastheboythrewupseveraltimes,includingonher.Asshehelpedhimcleanup,sherepeatedlytoldhimeverythingwouldbeokayandthatthey’dgetthroughittogether.Aftertheplanewasfinallyabletoland,noonewasimpatienttostepofftheflightasonemightexpect.Instead,calmedpassengers—obviouslyfollowingMurphy’samazingexample—allowedtheboyandhisfamilytodepartfirst,smilingatthemastheypassed.HisparentstearfullythankedMurphyforwhatshehaddone,andadoctorsittingnearbyalsoletherknowhehadeventakennotesonherexpertwayofhandlingthesituation.24.HowdidMurphymanagetohandlethe“awfultension”?A.Shecommunicatedwiththeboy.B.Shefoughtagainstunfairtreatment.C.Sheaskedanexperienceddoctortohelp.D.Shecalledonotherpassengerstojoinher.25.Thelandingwasdelayedbecause________.A.afamilyignoredthewarningsB.aboyrefusedtositinhisseatC.smokewascomingoutoftheengineD.thepilotwasforcedtochangethedestination26.Whatchangedtheangrypassengers’attitudeatlast?A.Theboy’simprovement. B.Theplane’ssafelanding.C.Theteacher’sefforts. D.Thecrew’sbehavior. 27.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMurphy?A.Kindandcool-headed.B.Patientandinterested.C.Wiseandcooperative.D.Generousandcautious.CScientistsinAustraliahavediscoveredthattheycanusetheworld’ssmelliestfruitstomakedevicesthatcouldpowerelectriccars.Adurianisafruitthatlookslikeapineapple.ItisadelicacyinsomeAsiancountries,butitssmellissounpleasantthatsomeofthosecountrieshavebanneditfrompublicplaces.Itssmellhasbeencomparedtorottingeggsandevensmellyoldgymsocks.VincentGomesandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofSydney,inAustralia,usedadurianandajackfruit—anotherfruitknownforitsterriblesmell—tomakeenergy-storingdevicescalledsupercapacitors.Supercapacitorsareanalternativetobatteries.Theycan’tstoreasmuchenergyasanormalbatterydoes,buttheyaremuchquickertorecharge.Duriansandjackfruitscontainsomeofthechemicalsusedinsupercapacitors,whichgaveGomestheidea.makethefruit-baseddevices,theteamheatedandthenfreeze-driedtheuneatablecoresofthedurianandjackfruittomakeaspecialkindofmaterialcalledanaerogel.Aerogelsareoneoftheworld’slightestsolidmaterials.Oftencalled“frozensmoke”,theyaremadebyremovingtheliquidfromagel(凝胶)andreplacingitwithTheyhavemanyscientificuses,butoneoftheirspecialpropertiesistheabilitytoconductelectriccurrents,whichmakesthemanimportantpartofsupercapacitors.Theaerogelsmadefromdurianandjackfruitbothworkedwellwhenplacedinsideasupercapacitor,althoughthedurianaerogelwasfoundtobethebetterofthetwo.Thediscoveryisimportantbecausethematerialscurrentlyusedtomakesupercapacitorsareexpensive.Usingnaturalfoodslikeduriansandjackfruits,Gomessays,couldreduceenvironmentalpollution,aswellascosts.28.Whatmakessomecountrieshavedifferentattitudestowardthedurian?A.Itsappearance.B.Itssmell.C.Itsvalue.D.Itspopularity.29.WhichparagraphmentionsGomes’sinspirationofinnovation?A.Paragraph1.B.Paragraph2. C.Paragraph3.D.Paragraph4.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph4referto?A.Properties.B.Scientificuses.C.Electriccurrents.D.Aerogels.31.Whatcanwelearnaboutfruit-basedsupercapacitors?A.Theyarelightandliquid.B.Theyaregreenandeconomical.C.Theyarechemicalsfromdurians.D.Theyaredevicesforproducingelectricity.DPandashavealwaysbeenoneofthecutestcreaturesoftheanimalkingdom,butdidyouknowthatthereareactuallytwotypesofpandas?TheseanimalsaredividedintoSichuanandQinlingsubspecies(亚种群).TheQinlinggiantpanda,whichlivesinShaanxiandGansuprovinces,hasaroundheadandshortmouth,whichmakesitlooklikeacat.TheSichuangiantpanda,whichlivesinSichuanprovince,ismorebear-likeandhasabiggerandmoreoval(椭圆形的)head,accordingtoastudypublishedinarecentissueoftheChineseScienceBulletin.Thestudy,conductedbyZhejiangUniversity,theBGILifeScienceResearchInstitutionandtheChinaConservationandResearchCenterfortheGiantPanda,showedthesubspecies’differencesandevolutionary(进化的)characteristics,includingthefirstreportonthegenome(基因组)oftheQinlingsubspecies.Thetwosubspeciesevolvedaround10,000to12,000yearsago,whichmeanstheyhaven’tcontactedoneanotherforatleast10,000years.Besidestheirdifferentphysicalfeatures,theSichuansubspeciesisbetteradaptedtosurviveinthewildduetoitshistoryofgreatergeneticvariation.TheQinlingsubspeciesnevermigrated(迁徙)acrosstheYellowRiverBasin,soithashadnomajorchangesingeneticvariation.Thekeyfactorsaffectingthelong-termsurvivalofaspeciesareitsabilitytoreproduceanddevelopimmunity(免疫力)againstdisease.Whenitcomestomakingbabies,theSichuansubspeciesismorereproductivethantheQinlingsubspecies,saidFangShengguo,aprofessoratZhejiangUniversity’sCollegeofLifeSciences.Pandaswereoncemeateatersbutlaterturnedtoabamboodiet.Inresponsetothehugechangesintheireatinghabits,theyevolvedrelativelysmallinternalorganstoslowdowntheirmetabolism(新陈代谢).Changesingiantpandagenesaremainlyrelatedtotheirreproductivesystem,whichmayberesponsiblefortheirreducedreproduction,accordingtothestudy.Accurategeneticmanagementisimportantinartificialbreeding(繁殖)andconservation,Fangpointedout.Healsosuggestedgeneexchangesbetweensmallpopulationsofpandaswithinthesamesubspeciesshouldbespedup,whichcouldhelpreduceinbreeding(近亲交配)andgeneticdecline.“Unlessthespeciesisindanger,interbreedingbetweenthetwosubspeciesshouldbeavoidedasmuchaspossible.Otherwise,thereproductionoftheoffspring(后代)maybereduced,whichwouldbeverybadfortheSichuansubspeciespopulation,”saidFang,whoalsonotedtheimportanceofrestoringpandashabitats.32.Whatdoweknowaboutpandas?A.TheSichuansubspeciestendstolivelonger.B.TheymainlyliveintwoprovincesinChina.C.TheQinlingsubspeciesislessabletoreproduce.D.Thetwosubspeciessharesimilarfacialfeatures.33.Accordingtothestudy,whatcouldbethereasonforpandas’reducedreproduction?A.Thefrequentmigrationinthewild.B.Theshortageofbambooforthemtoeat.C.Thedecreasedimmunityagainstdisease.D.Thechangesingenesrelatedtoreproduction.34.WhatdoesFangShengguothinkisabettersolutiontopandasinbreeding?A.Accurategeneticmanagement.B.Therestorationofpandas’habitats.C.Interbreedingbetweenthetwosubspecies.D.Geneexchangeswithinthesamesubspecies.35.What’sthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Toreportonnewresearchaboutpandas.B.Toinformpeopleofhowpandasevolved.C.Tocomparedifferentsubspeciesofpandas.D.Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheendangeredspecies.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。NowadaysweallhavehundredsofFacebook“friends”.36StudiesshowthatevenifpeoplehavethousandsofFacebookfriends,theyusuallyonlykeepcloserelationshipwithafewpeopleinreallife.So,whatarethesignsofyourtruefriendships?Let’sreadonandfindouttheanswer.Truefiendsstickwithyouthroughbothgoodandbadtimes.Inhardtimes,atruefriendwillneverleaveyouintheshadowalone.37Fakefriendsoftenfailyoubecausetheyonlywanttostickaroundwhenthingsgowellforyou,andfeellikehelpingyouthroughyourproblemsisaburdenforthem.38Toknowwhetheryou’redealingwithatruefriendshipornot,justnoticewhosticksaroundwhenyoureachnewheightsinyourlife.Somepeoplewillgetjealousandtrytotearyoudown,buttherealfriendsinyourlifewillfeelhappyforyou.Theyallowyoutohaveotherfriendshipswithoutgettingjealous(妒忌的)andpossessive.Realfriendsfeelconfidentenoughinyourfriendship.Theygiveyouthefreedomtopursueotherfriendshipsandactivitiesinyourlife.39Theyforgiveyouwhenyoumakeamistake.Don’texpectperfectionfromtruefriends,andtheywon’texpectitfromyou.Theyknowthatyouwillslipup(出现疏漏)）fromtimetotime.40Theyjustputitbehindthemandknowthatyouhavegoodintentionsdespitemistakesyoumightmake.A.Theytreattheirfriendsastreasure.B.Soyoudon’thavetogivethemalongapology.C.That’sbecausetheyknowyourfriendshipisrocksolid.D.Truefriendswillcongratulateyouwhenyoureachanewgoal.E.Instead,theyofferedtogiveyouahelpinghandwhenevertheycan.F.That’sbecausetheyprobablyknowthingsaboutyouthatmanyothersdon’t.G.Wecaninstantlyconnectwiththemonline,butdoesthatmakethemtruefriends.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ihaveadegreeinbusiness.Butitwasmyfather’s41formetoseekabusinessmajor.Hethoughtthathavingabusinessmajorwould42memoreavailablechoicesandmakememorecompetitiveinenteringagloballabormarket.I43hisadvice.However,eventhoughmycollegeexperienceswere44，Ihadnointerestinany45ofcommerce,letalonehavingalong-termcareerasabusinesswoman.AfterIgraduated,Iworkedasamarketingplanneratacomputercompany.My46andworkingenvironmentweregreat;yetI47didn’tfeelhappydoingsomethingthatheldlittleappealforme.Aftertwomonthsofworkingthere,Imadeupmymindto48anddecidedtodowhatIlove,namely(也就是)49history.Ihavenowbeendoingthisjobforovertwentyyears.Iamfondofbeingwithmystudents.Ifyouareina50whereyoudon’tlovewhatyouarelearningordoing，pleaseaskyourselfwhatyouarereally51about,andwhatyoutrulywantforyourlife.Don’t52togetyourselfaquickanswer.Takesometimetothinkaboutwhatcareercouldbring53toyou.Ilikethismotto“Successisnotthekeytohappiness.54,happinessisthekeytosuccess.”Happiness55theinsideofyou,notfromtheoutside.Ifyoulovewhatyouaredoing,youwillbesuccessful.41.A.ambition B.commitment C.decision D.response42.A.guarantee B.save C.leave D.pass43.A.ignored B.valued C.took D.opposed44.A.fantastic B.awkward C.painful D.plain45.A.paper B.field C.college D.job46.A.future B.dream C.scholarship D.pay47.A.only B.also C.still D.even48.A.quit B.continue C.consider D.wait49.A.promoting B.teaching C.writing D.studying50.A.firm B.game C.story D.place51.A.anxious B.optimistic C.enthusiastic D.nervous52.A.rush B.hesitate C.intend D.stop53.A.love B.joy C.confidence D.knowledge54.A.Asaresult B.Onthewhole C.Inaword D.Onthecontrary55.A.appliesto B.arisesfrom C.differsfrom D.spreadsto第Ⅱ卷（满分55分）注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asciencelecture400kilometersaboveEarthwasdeliveredbyChineseastronautsonChina’sTiangongspacestation,56theydisplayeduniquephysicalphenomenaintheorbitingspacecraft.Featuringinteractiveteaching,itwasmainlytargetedatyoungpeople.In2013,57theassistanceoftwoothercrewmembers,WangYapingdeliveredthecountry’sfirstspacelecture,makingChina,followingtheUnitedStates,58(become)thesecondcountrytocarryoutaspacelecture.Comparedwiththeclassnineyearsago,this59(year)lecturewasgreatlydifferent.Apartfromabigger“classroom”,itcovereda60(wide)rangeofsubjects.PreviouslyWangshowedstudentsthelawsofphysicsandthephenomenaof61(weightless)inspace.Butthisyear,biology62(add).Theastronautscomparedthegrowthandshapeofcellsindifferentenvironmenttostudytheir63(change)rules.64thesespacelecturesshowedvarioustopics,theaimbehindneverchanged.AccordingtoChinaDaily,thespacelecturesaimto“spreadknowledgeabout65(man)spaceflightsandsparkenthusiasmforscienceamongyoungpeople”.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华，是某国际学校的学生会主席。你校将承办国际中学生交流大会，欲招聘一批志愿者。请你用英语写一则通知，登在校报上，内容包括：1.招聘人数；2.应聘条件；3.报名截止时间。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。VolunteersWanted!Wearelookingforwardtoyourparticipation.StudentCouncil第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ittookplaceinateacher’sfamily.Oneday,Benwasplayingbasketballinthelivingroomafterschool,whenheaccidentallythrewtheballatavasesittingontheshelf.Thevasedroppedtothefloorandalargepiecebrokeoff.WhatmadeBenmoreupsetwasthatthevasewasnotacommondecorationbutanantique(古董)，whichwashandeddownthroughgenerationsfromthe18thcentury.Itwasalsohismother’sfavoritepossession.Tocoverhisterribleaction,theterrifiedboygluedthepiecestogetherquicklyandputthevasebacktoitsplace.Asthemotherherselfdustedthevaseeveryday,shenaturallynoticedthecracks(裂纹)thatevening.Tohersurprise,therepairworkwasactuallyverygood.Atdinnertime,sheaskedherboyifhebrokethevase.Fearingpunishment,thesuddenlyinspiredboysaidthataneighbor’scatjumpedinfromthewindowandhecouldn’tdriveitawaynomatterhowhardhetried.Itracedroundthelivingroomandfinallyknockedthevaseoffitsshelf.Hismotherwasquiteclearthathersonwaslying,forallthewindowswereclosedbeforesheleftforworkeachmorningandopenedaftershereturned.However,inthefaceofherson’snervouseyesandthesuspicious(怀疑)looksoftheotherfamilymembers,Ben’smotherremainedcalm.Sherealizedsheshouldn’tjustsimplyblameandpunishhersonforlying.Shecameupwithanotheridea.Beforegoingtobed,theboyfoundanotefromhismotherinhisroom,askinghimtogotothestudyatonce.Theboythoughthewouldnowbepunished,butashehadalreadylied,hewasdeterminedtodenyeverythingtotheend,nomatterhowangryhismumbecame.Inthestudy,calmlybathedinthelight,hismother’sfaceshowednosignofanger.Onseeinghersonpushopenthedoorandcautiouslyenter,shetookachocolateboxoutofadrawerandgavehimone.注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Themothersaid,“Thischocolateisarewardforyourimagination:awindow-openingcat!”Nowwithsomechocolatesinhand,asenseofguiltwelledupinsidetheboy.葫芦岛市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末学业质量监测考试英语参考答案听力1—5CABCA6—10BCABC11—15CBCAC16—20BCABA阅读理解21