河南省信阳市2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案解析】

2024-2025学年普通高中高一(上)期末教学质量检测英语试题本试卷共8页，四个大题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whoistheoldest?A.Theman’smother.B.Thewoman’smother.C.Thewoman’sfather.2.Whydoesthemangotothelibrary?A.Toreturnabook.B.Tostudyforanexam.C.Toborrowacollectionofpoems.3.Whatistheman?A.Ateacher.B.Awriter.C.Astudent.4.WhatcolorshirtdoesMaryprefer?A.White.B.Yellow.C.Blue.5.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Excited.B.Moved.C.Sad.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoesthemaninviteLisatodo?A.Goclimbingwithhim.B.Attendabirthdayparty.C.Tryahot-airballoon.7.WhenwillLisaarrivethere?A.Atabout4:00p.m.B.Atabout3:00p.m.C.Atabout2:00p.m.请听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthemancometothecity?A.Tovisitafriend.B.Totravel.C.Totakeabusinesstrip.9.Whatdrinkdoesthemanlikebest?A.Greentea.B.Coffee.C.Orangejuice.10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Waitressandcustomer.B.Friends.C.Colleagues.请听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whichtrainwillthemantake?A.The10:50one.B.The11:20one.C.The11:50one.12.Whatkindofticketdidthemanbookatfirst?A.Afirst-classticket.B.Asecond-classticket.C.Abusinessticket.13.Howwillthemanprobablypay?A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Bycreditcard.请听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WhatdidTanyausetodo?A.Runintheevening.B.Swiminthepool.C.Rideabike.15.WhatisSteven’shobby?A.Takingphotos.B.Playingfootball.C.Cycling.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Takeawalk.B.Goshopping.C.Watchagame.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Snowy.B.Windy.C.Rainy.18.Whatarethelistenersadvisedtodo?A.Stayathome.B.Avoiddrivingtotown.C.Gotothecountryside.19.Whowouldbepleasedwiththeweatheraccordingtothespeaker?A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Kids.20.Whenisthenextnews?A.At6:00a.m.B.At8:00a.m.C.At9:00a.m.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGointothesecharmingtaleswithyourlovedonestofindyourinnerdelight.Oh,thePlacesYou’llGo!Thereisacharacterwhosetsoutonanamazingjourney.Thischaractersailedthroughmanyadventures,conqueringalltheamazinghighsandterriblelows.Itkeptmovingforwardtomeetitsthirstforexploring.Thisstoryteachesusgreatachievementsonlycometothosewiththecouragetoexplore.TheLittleEngineThatCouldInaworldofengines,therelivedatinyblueengine.Oneday,theengineswereaskedtodoanimportanttask:Todelivertoystochildrenlivingontheothersideofthemountain.Thelittleengineacceptedthetaskwithapositivemindsetthoughbeinglaughedat.Hiddeninthisstoryisalessonofbelievinginyourself,whichcanturn“IthinkIcan”into“IknewIcould.”TheRainbowFishIntheoceanlivedaRainbowFishwithshinyscalebutnofriends.Oneday,awiseoctopus(章鱼)toldhim,“wetrulyfeelsatisfiedwhenweshareourblessingswiththelessfortunate.”Fromthatdayon,theRainbowFishstartedsharingitsscalewithotherfish.Itfinallydiscoveredthejoyofatruefriendship.Thisstoryteachesusbeautyisonlyfoundinyourabilitytosharewhatyouhave!TheGivingTreeOnceuponatime,therelivedageneroustreethatdeeplylovedalittleboy.Itusedtoprovideshadefortheboytoplayandrest,applestoeat,andstrongbranchestotakeswingson.Thetreegaveeverythingithadtotheboyitloved,butitwassatisfied.Thestoryteachesusimportantvaluesoflifelikeselflessness.1.Whichofthefollowingstoriesstressestheimportanceofself-belief?A.Oh,thePlacesYou’llGo! B.TheLittleEngineThatCouldC.TheRainbowFish D.TheGivingTree2.Howdidthetreefeelaftergivingeverythingtoitslovedboy?A.Sadandregretful. B.Contentandpleased.C.Disgustedandannoyed. D.Inspiredandpassionate.3.Whatdothefourtaleshaveincommon?A.Theyalltakeplaceintheocean.B.Theyareallaboutadventuresandcourage.C.Theyallteachimportantlessonsandvalues.D.Theyallhaveanimalcharacterswithahappyending.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了几个富有魅力和启发性的故事，如Oh,thePlacesYou’llGo!、TheLittleEngineThatCould、TheRainbowFish和TheGivingTree。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheLittleEngineThatCould下的“Hiddeninthisstoryisalessonofbelievinginyourself,whichcanturn“IthinkIcan”into“IknewIcould.”(这个故事背后隐藏着一个关于相信自己的教训，它可以把“我认为我可以”变成“我知道我可以”)”可知，TheLittleEngineThatCould这个故事强调了自信的重要性。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheGivingTree下的“Thetreegaveeverythingithadtotheboyitloved,butitwassatisfied.Thestoryteachesusimportantvaluesoflifelikeselflessness.(树把它的一切都给了它爱的男孩，但它很满足。这个故事教会了我们一些重要的人生价值观，比如无私)”可知，树把它的一切都给了它爱的男孩，但它很满足，故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Oh,thePlacesYou’llGo!下的“Thisstoryteachesusgreatachievementsonlycometothosewiththecouragetoexplore.(这个故事告诉我们，伟大的成就只属于那些有勇气探索的人)”；TheLittleEngineThatCould下的“Hiddeninthisstoryisalessonofbelievinginyourself,whichcanturn“IthinkIcan”into“IknewIcould.”(这个故事背后隐藏着一个关于相信自己的教训，它可以把“我认为我可以”变成“我知道我可以”)”；TheRainbowFish下的“Thisstoryteachesusbeautyisonlyfoundinyourabilitytosharewhatyouhave!(这个故事告诉我们，美丽只存在于你分享你所拥有的东西的能力中)”以及TheGivingTree下的“Thestoryteachesusimportantvaluesoflifelikeselflessness.(这个故事教会了我们一些重要的人生价值观，比如无私)”可知，四个故事的最后都给我们讲述了道理。故选C项。BFordecades,XuShuangminhadseldomexploredbeyondhercommunity,limitedwithinacomfortable5-kilometerzoneinthecentralcity.Butattheageof67,andfreshoffherretirement,shesurprisedeveryonewithadecisiontotravel4,000kmnorthwest,startinganewchapterasavolunteerteacher.InSeptember2021,Xujoinedanationalsilver-ageteacheractionplan,aprogrammelaunchedbytheMinistryofEducationtotakeadvantageofthewealthofexperienceandknowledgeofretirededucatorstopromotetheeducationalqualityofuniversitiesinthewesternregions.Mostoftheretiredteacherscomefromtheeconomicallydevelopedlargecitiesinthecentralandeasternregions.However,theywerenotafraidofXinjiang’sdryclimate,sandyweatherandrelativelymodestlivingfacilities.Despitebeingavolunteer,theteachersworkwithgreatenergy.Take63-year-oldZhongDakang,forinstance.Heworksovertimeandisfrequentlyseenfocusingallhisattentiononthecomputerinhisofficethroughouttheday.Duetohisdevotion,heoftenforgetstotakehisblood-pressurepills.ChenXiaohe,70,isaretiredteacherfromauniversityinShanghai.Havingdifficultywalkingfollowingacaraccident,hestillenjoysstandinginfrontofaclass.ChenevenstayedontheKaramaycampusduringthewinterandsummervacations,preparinglessonsandteachingmaterials.Hehasextendedhisfirstone-yearvolunteeringcontract(合同)tothreeyears.Thepraisehereceivedfromhisstudentsmightbethereasonbehindhisdecisiontoextendhisstay.Thecourseheteacheshasoftenbeenpraisedforits“clarity”andbeing“easytocomprehend”.Theterm“Silver-hairedPower”hasemergedasoneofChina’stop10buzzwordsthisyear.Itmeansthatthevitalityoftheelderlyshouldnotbeheldbackbyaging,astheydeservecareandhappiness,aswellasopportunitiestocontinuemakingcontributionstosociety.4.WhydidXuShuangminsurpriseeveryoneafterretirement?A.Becauseshemovednorthwestwithherfamily.B.Becauseshewroteachapteronhercommunity.C.Becausesheexploredaroundhercomfortablezone.D.Becauseshebecameavolunteerteacherfarfromhome.5.Whatisthepurposeofthenationalsilver-ageteacheractionplan?A.TohelpretirededucatorsadapttotheclimateinXinjiang.B.TopromotetheconstructionoflivingfacilitiesinXinjiang.C.Toinspiremorepeopletoliveineconomicallydevelopedcities.D.Toimprovetheeducationalqualitiesofuniversitiesinthewesternareas.6.WhatarethefeaturesofthecoursetaughtbyChenXiaohe?A.Itisclearandeasilyunderstandable.B.Itischallenginganddifficulttomaster.C.Itisfullofhumorandinterestingexamples.D.Itfocusesonhands-onactivitiesandpracticalskills.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthispassage?A.RetirementChoices:StayingatHomeorTravelingAbroad.B.Silver-hairededucators:PioneeringEducationHopeintheWest.C.LifestyleChallenges:RetiredTeachers’StrugglesinRemoteAreas.D.WesternUniversities:AppealingtoRetirededucatorsfromBigCities.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了像徐双敏、钟大康、陈晓和等退休教师响应《国家银龄教师行动计划》，前往西部地区担任志愿教师，利用自己的经验和知识提升西部大学教育质量的事情。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Fordecades,XuShuangminhadseldomexploredbeyondhercommunity,limitedwithinacomfortable5-kilometerzoneinthecentralcity.Butattheageof67,andfreshoffherretirement,shesurprisedeveryonewithadecisiontotravel4,000kmnorthwest,startinganewchapterasavolunteerteacher.(几十年来，徐双敏很少走出她的社区，被限制在市中心一个舒适的5公里范围内。但在67岁的时候，刚退休不久，她决定前往4000公里外的西北地区，开始作为一名支教教师的新篇章，这让所有人都大吃一惊。)”可知，几十年来徐双敏很少离开自己所在的社区，而在67岁退休后她成了一名远离家乡的支教老师，这让大家很惊讶。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“InSeptember2021,Xujoinedanationalsilver-ageteacheractionplan,aprogrammelaunchedbytheMinistryofEducationtotakeadvantageofthewealthofexperienceandknowledgeofretirededucatorstopromotetheeducationalqualityofuniversitiesinthewesternregions.(2021年9月，他加入了‘国家银龄教师行动计划’，这是教育部发起的一项利用退休教师丰富的经验和知识来提升西部地区高校教育质量的计划。)”可知，“国家银龄教师行动计划”的目的是利用退休教育工作者丰富的经验和知识来提高西部地区大学的教育质量。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thepraisehereceivedfromhisstudentsmightbethereasonbehindhisdecisiontoextendhisstay.Thecourseheteacheshasoftenbeenpraisedforits“clarity”andbeing“easytocomprehend”.(他从学生那里得到的赞扬可能是他决定延长停留时间的原因。他所教授的课程经常因其‘清晰’和‘易于理解’而受到称赞。)”可知，陈晓和所教的课程经常因其“清晰”和“易于理解”而受到赞扬。由此可推知，陈晓和教授课程的特色是清晰易懂。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Theterm“Silver-hairedPower”hasemergedasoneofChina’stop10buzzwordsthisyear.Itmeansthatthevitalityoftheelderlyshouldnotbeheldbackbyaging,astheydeservecareandhappiness,aswellasopportunitiestocontinuemakingcontributionstosociety.(“银发力量”一词已成为今年中国十大流行语之一。这意味着老年人的活力不应该被衰老所抑制，他们应该得到照顾和幸福，以及继续为社会做出贡献的机会。)”可知，文章主要讲述了像徐双敏、钟大康、陈晓和等退休教师响应国家银龄教师行动计划，前往西部地区担任志愿教师，利用自己的经验和知识提升西部大学教育质量的事情，“Silver-hairededucators:PioneeringEducationHopeintheWest(银发教育工作者：在西部开拓教育希望)”能很好地概括文章内容，适合作为文章的标题。故选B项。CAustraliahaspassedalawthataimstopreventpeopleyoungerthan16fromusingsocialmedia.Thelawismeanttoprotectyoungpeople,butsomepeoplesayitcouldcreatemoreproblemsthanitsolves.Underthenewlaw,socialmediacompanieslikeMetaandTikTokmusttake“reasonablesteps”topreventanyoneunder16fromcreatinganaccount.Ifthecompaniesdonotfollowthelaw,theycouldbefineduptoUS$32million.Thelawdoesn’taffectallsocialmedia.YouTubeisnotincludedbecauseit’softenusedinschools.Australia’sPrimeMinister,AnthonyAlbanese,stronglysupportsthenewlaw.Hesaysitmaynotbeperfect,butthatitisneededtoprotectyoungpeoplefromthenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia.MostpeopleinAustraliaseemtoagree.Recentsurveysshowthat77%ofpeopleinAustraliaareinfavorofthelaw.Peopleareworriedabouthowsocialmediacanhurtyoungpeople’smentalhealth.Manypeoplehaveheardstoriesaboutyoungpeoplewhohavebeenbullied(欺凌)onlineandlaterhurtthemselves.Butnoteveryoneagreesthatthenewlawisagoodidea.Somepeoplebelievethelawwillmakeitharderforyoungpeopletoconnectwithotherswhocansupportthem.OthersworrythatthesocialmediabanwillpushyoungpeopletowardlesssafepartsoftheInternet.Oneofthebiggestconcernsishowthesocialmediacompanieswillfigureouthowoldtheirusersare.ThelawsaysthecompaniesmustgivepeopleawaytoprovetheiragewithoutsendinginagovernmentID,butit’snotclearhowthismightwork.Thedemandthatthecompaniescollectevenmoreinformationraisesworriesabouttheprivacyofyoungpeople.Aroundtheworld,thereareseriousconcernsabouttheeffectsofsocialmediaonyoungpeople.In2023,USSurgeonGeneralVivekMurthysaidthatsocialmediashouldcomewithahealthwarning.Othercountrieshavealsotakenstepstolimitsocialmediausebyyoungpeople.InFrance,peopleunder15cannotusesocialmediawithoutpermissionfromaparent.CountriesliketheUKandNorwayareconsideringsimilarlaws.8.WhatwillhappentosocialmediacompaniesifnotfollowingAustralia’snewlaw?A.They’llbeshutdown. B.They’llgetawarning.C.Theymaybefined. D.Theyhavetoapologize.9.WhyisYouTubenotaffectedbyAustralia’snewsocialmedialaw?A.Becauseitneedsnoaccounts.B.Becauseitobeysthelawstrictly.C.Becauseitisfrequentlyusedinschools.D.Becauseitissuperiortootherplatforms.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewlawfromparagraph3?A.Itisfavoredbythemajorityforitsperfection.B.Itpreventsyoungpeoplebeingbulliedonline.C.ItmakestheInternetalesssafeplaceonsocialmedia.D.Itaimstoprotecttheyoungfrombadeffectsofsocialmedia.11.Whatcausesworriesabouttheprivacyofyoungpeople?A.Theuncertaintyaboutthewayofcollectingusers’age.B.TherequirementofprovingtheiragewithoutagovernmentID.C.Youngpeople’soversharingpersonalinformationonsocialmedia.D.Thesocialmediacompanies’collectionofmoredatafromtheyoung.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了澳大利亚通过了一项法律，旨在阻止16岁以下的人使用社交媒体，文章还提到了该法律引发的相关讨论和争议。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Underthenewlaw,socialmediacompanieslikeMetaandTikTokmusttake“reasonablesteps”topreventanyoneunder16fromcreatinganaccount.Ifthecompaniesdonotfollowthelaw,theycouldbefineduptoUS$32million.(根据这项新法律，Meta和TikTok等社交媒体公司必须采取‘合理措施’，防止16岁以下的人创建账户。如果这些公司不遵守法律，它们可能被处以高达3200万美元的罚款。)”可知，如果社交媒体公司不遵守澳大利亚的新法律，它们可能会被处以高达3200万美元的罚款。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thelawdoesn’taffectallsocialmedia.YouTubeisnotincludedbecauseit’softenusedinschools.(这项法律并没有影响到所有的社交媒体。YouTube不包括在内，因为它经常在学校使用。)”可知，YouTube不受澳大利亚新社交媒体法的影响是因为它经常在学校被使用。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Australia’sPrimeMinister,AnthonyAlbanese,stronglysupportsthenewlaw.Hesaysitmaynotbeperfect,butthatitisneededtoprotectyoungpeoplefromthenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia.MostpeopleinAustraliaseemtoagree.Recentsurveysshowthat77%ofpeopleinAustraliaareinfavorofthelaw.Peopleareworriedabouthowsocialmediacanhurtyoungpeople’smentalhealth.(澳大利亚总理强烈支持这项新法律。他说，这可能并不完美，但有必要保护年轻人免受社交媒体的负面影响。大多数澳大利亚人似乎都同意这一点。最近的调查显示，77%的澳大利亚人支持这项法律。人们担心社交媒体会损害年轻人的心理健康。)”可推知，这项新法律旨在保护年轻人免受社交媒体的负面影响。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Oneofthebiggestconcernsishowthesocialmediacompanieswillfigureouthowoldtheirusersare.ThelawsaysthecompaniesmustgivepeopleawaytoprovetheiragewithoutsendinginagovernmentID,butit’snotclearhowthismightwork.Thedemandthatthecompaniescollectevenmoreinformationraisesworriesabouttheprivacyofyoungpeople.(最大的担忧之一是社交媒体公司将如何计算出他们用户的年龄。法律规定，公司必须让人们在不提供政府身份证的情况下证明自己的年龄，但目前尚不清楚这将如何实施。要求这些公司收集更多信息的要求引发了人们对年轻人隐私的担忧。)”可推知，社交媒体公司收集年轻人更多的数据这一要求引发了对年轻人隐私的担忧。故选D项。DInthechaosofanyairportallovertheglobe,afamiliaryetannoyingsightoftenunfolds.Anyonewhoiswaitinginline,patientlywaitingfortheirzonetobecalledatanairportdeparturegatehaslikelyseenascenewheresomeoneattemptstoslipforwardandboardtheplanebeforetheirgrouphasbeencalled.Itthrowsthewholeboardingprocessintodisorderanddelayseveryoneelse’sjourney.Lastmonth,AmericanAirlinesbecamethefirstairlinetotestanewtechnologytohelpstrictlypunishpassengerswhoattempttocuttheline.Andnow,aheadofthebusiesttraveldayoftheyear,theTexas-basedcarrierisexpandingitsnewtechnology.Thetechnologygivesgateagentsahearablesignalwhensomeonescanstheirticketandtriestoboardearly,urgingthatpassengertostepasideandwaitfortheircorrectgrouptobecalled.Inthisway,orderismaintainedandpassengerscanboardsmoothly.Americanistryingtorolloutthissystemtomorethan100airportsacrossthenation.“Weareintheearlystageoftestingnewtechnologyusedduringtheboardingprocess,designedtomakesurecustomersreceivepriorityboardingwitheaseandhelptheboardingexperiencebyprovidinggreatervisibility.”arepresentativeoftheairlinetoldABCNews.Expertssaidthatinadditiontoenforcingtherulesandefficiencywhenboardingtheplane,airlinesliketorewardtheirhighestpayingandfrequentflyerswithearlyboardingasanextrabenefit,sotheywanttokeepitexclusive.ThetechnologywasfirsttestedatthreeU.S.airports:AlbuquerqueInternational,TucsonInternationalAirportandRonaldReaganWashingtonNationalAirport.AnearlierversionofthisstorywasfirstpublishedonOct.23,2024whenthetechnologywasfirstbeingtested.12.WhatisthenewtechnologytestedbyAmericanAirlinesfor?A.Tospeeduptheboardingprocess.B.Tohelppassengersfindtheirseatseasily.C.Tostoppassengersjumpingthequeueduringboarding.D.Tooffercomfortablewaitingareasatthedeparturegate.13.Whatdoesthetechnologydowhensomeonetriestoboardearly?A.Itrefusestoscanthepassenger’sticket.B.Itautomaticallyclosestheboardinggate.C.Itsendsamessagetothepassenger’sphone.D.Itoffersawarningsoundtothegateagents.14.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“rollout”meaninparagraph3?A.Blame. B.Promote. C.Praise. D.Analyze.15.Whatkindofpassengerscanboardearly?A.Passengersbringingplentyofluggage.B.Passengersobeyingtheboardingrulesstrictly.C.Passengersmakingtheboardingprocesssmoothly.D.Passengerspayingthehighestfaresandflyingfrequently.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国航空公司测试的新技术，旨在严格惩罚那些试图插队的乘客，以保持登记秩序。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Lastmonth,AmericanAirlinesbecamethefirstairlinetotestanewtechnologytohelpstrictlypunishpassengerswhoattempttocuttheline.(上个月，美国航空公司（AmericanAirlines）成为首家测试一项新技术的航空公司，该技术有助于严厉惩罚试图插队的乘客。)”可知，美国航空公司测试的新技术是为了严格惩罚那些试图插队登机的乘客，也就是阻止乘客在登机时插队（stoppassengersjumpingthequeueduringboarding）。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thetechnologygivesgateagentsahearablesignalwhensomeonescanstheirticketandtriestoboardearly,urgingthatpassengertostepasideandwaitfortheircorrectgrouptobecalled.(当有人扫描机票并试图提前登机时，这项技术会给检票员一个可听到信号，敦促该乘客靠边站，等待正确的登机组被呼叫。)”可知，当有人扫描机票并试图提前登机时，这项技术会给登机口工作人员一个可听见的信号（ahearablesignal），也就是向登机口工作人员发出警告声音（offersawarningsoundtothegateagents）。故选D项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Inthisway,orderismaintainedandpassengerscanboardsmoothly.(这样，秩序得以维持，乘客也能顺利登机。)”以及划线单词句中“Americanistryingto…thissystemtomorethan100airportsacrossthenation.(美国航空正试图将这一系统……到全国100多个机场。)”和前文提到美国航空公司在测试这项新技术，这里说要把这个系统推广到全国100多个机场，“rollout”意思是“推广（promote）”。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Expertssaidthatinadditiontoenforcingtherulesandefficiencywhenboardingtheplane,airlinesliketorewardtheirhighestpayingandfrequentflyerswithearlyboardingasanextrabenefit,sotheywanttokeepitexclusive.(专家表示，除了在登机时执行规则和提高效率外，航空公司还喜欢奖励那些收入最高和经常登机的乘客，让他们提前登机，作为一种额外的好处，所以他们希望保持这种排他性。)”可知，除了在登机时执行规则和提高效率外，航空公司喜欢给予支付最高票价和经常飞行的乘客（passengerspayingthehighestfaresandflyingfrequently）提前登机的额外福利。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyoulosetemper,youmakehurriedill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.____16____Youwillalsoloseyoursunny,go-gettingnature.Whatcanbedonetocontrolangerandpreventitfromruiningourlives?Herearefourwaysthatyoucandealwiththecausesofanger.Firstly,youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.____17____Also,youneedtoacceptthatnoteveryonehasthesamestandardsasyou,norwilltheybehaveinthesamewaythatyouwouldinagivensituation.Secondly,don’tdismissangerasabademotion.Thereareoccasionswhenangercanbedirectedinsuchawayastoachievegreatthings.MartinLutherKingwasangryaboutthelackofcivilrightsintheUSA.GandhiwasangryaboutBritishdominationinIndia.____18____Thirdly,reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Butitisahabit,andhabitscanbebroken.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallycausesanger.Angerisanegativereaction.Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.____19____Fourthly,don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething(orevensomeone),orscreamwhenweareangry.____20____However,ifyouaretostopangerfrombecomingyourmaster,youmustlearncontroloveryouranger.Inthisway,angerwillnolongerpreventyoufromachievingafulfillinglife.Inconclusion,youmustrecognizethatangerissomethingyoucancontrol.A.Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.B.Youwillregretrudelanguagespokenwithoutthought.C.Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.D.Yourangerwillnotgettheemotionalfooditneedstosurviveinthisway.E.Manyordinaryfolksalsogetangryaboutcertainaspectsintheirdailylife.F.Somepeoplebelievethatlesseningangerbyshoutingorhittingapillowishelpful.G.Theybothusedthatangertomotivatethemselvestofightagainstwhattheysawasinjustice.【答案】16.B17.C18.G19.D20.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讨论了如何控制愤怒情绪，防止其破坏我们的生活，并给出了四种处理愤怒原因的方法。16题详解】根据前文“Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyoulosetemper,youmakehurriedill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.(愤怒是最具破坏性的情绪。当你发脾气时，你会匆忙地做出考虑不周的决定，你可能会后悔)”以及后文“Youwillalsoloseyoursunny,go-gettingnature.(你也会失去你阳光、进取的天性)”可知，此处是讲述愤怒带来的可能性后果，所以B项“Youwillregretrudelanguagespokenwithoutthought.(你会后悔不经思考就说粗话)”符合此处主题。故选B项。【17题详解】根据前文“Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.(你必须接受有时事情会出错，人们并不总是可爱的)”可知，本段主要讲述需要认识到，没有人是完美的，所以C项“Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.(意识到人无完人是避免生气的好开始)”符合本段主题，是对前句的进一步说明。故选C项。【18题详解】设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Secondly,don’tdismissangerasabademotion.Thereareoccasionswhenangercanbedirectedinsuchawayastoachievegreatthings.MartinLutherKingwasangryaboutthelackofcivilrightsintheUSA.GandhiwasangryaboutBritishdominationinIndia.(其次，不要认为愤怒是一种不好的情绪。在某些情况下，愤怒可以被引导成一件伟大的事情。马丁·路德·金对美国缺乏公民权利感到愤怒。甘地对英国在印度的统治感到愤怒)”可知，本段讲述引导愤怒情绪去做有意义的事，所以G项“Theybothusedthatangertomotivatethemselvestofightagainstwhattheysawasinjustice.(他们都用这种愤怒来激励自己与他们所认为的不公正作斗争)”是对前文的总结，其中They指的是马丁·路德·金和甘地。故选G项。【19题详解】设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Thirdly,reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Butitisahabit,andhabitscanbebroken.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallycausesanger.Angerisanegativereaction.Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.(第三，愤怒是一个很难改掉的习惯。但这是一种习惯，习惯是可以打破的。诀窍是在面对通常会引起愤怒的情况时避免做出反应。愤怒是一种消极的反应。你要学会完全不回应)”可知，本段主要讲述改变总是愤怒的习惯，所以D项“Yourangerwillnotgettheemotionalfooditneedstosurviveinthisway.(这样，你的愤怒就无法获得生存所需的情感食粮)”是对前文方法的总结，符合文意。故选D项。【20题详解】根据前文“Fourthly,don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething(orevensomeone),orscreamwhenweareangry.(第四，当你生气的时候不要走捷径。当我们生气的时候，我们都会想要扔东西，打东西（甚至是某人），或者尖叫)”以及后文“However,ifyouaretostopangerfrombecomingyourmaster,youmustlearncontroloveryouranger.(然而，如果你不想让愤怒成为你的主宰，你必须学会控制你的愤怒)”可知，A项“Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.(这样的反应很简单)”是对前文的评价，并且和后文构成转折关系，符合文意。故选A项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thirty-threeyearsagoinsummer,weweredailybuscommuters(上下班往返的人).Duringtheearlymorning___21___,wesatsleepilywithourcollarsuptoourears,acheerlessandsilentbunch.Therewasa___22___man,perhapsCharlie,whodailywenttothecentreforelderpeople.Initially,helookedsadand___23___thebuswithdifficulty.ButoneJulyday,hegreetedeveryonecheerily.Thereafter,eachday,hisenergetic“Goodmorning”echoed(回声)inthebus.Onemorninghehadabunchofflowersinhishands.Theywerealreadydroopingalittlebecauseofthe___24___.Thedriver___25___smilinglyandasked,“Haveyougotyourselfagirlfriend,Charlie?”Henodded___26___andsaidyes.EverymorningafterthatCharliealwaysbroughtaflower.Someofthe___27___passengersbeganbringinghim___28___.Themenstartedtojokeaboutit,talktoeachother,andsharedailynews.Thesummer___29___butonemorningCharliewasn’twaitingathis____30____stop.Whenhewasn’ttherethenextdayandthedayafterthat,westartedwonderingifhewassickor—____31____—onholidaysomewhere.Whenwecamenearertothecentreforelderpeople,oneofthepassengersaskedthedrivertowait.Weallheldour____32____whenshewenttothedoor.Later,weweretoldoneofhisvery____33____friendshaddiedattheweekend.ThenextMondayCharliewaswaitingatthe____34____,withmuchmoregreyhair.Eventhoughnoonehadtalkedaboutit,allthoseofussatwithoureyesfilledwith____35____andabunchofwildflowersinourhands.21A.exercise B.ride C.communication D.hiking22.A.grey-haired B.blue-eyed C.long-legged D.round-faced23.A.drove B.stopped C.boarded D.missed24.A.dirt B.heat C.noise D.water25.A.tookin B.brokein C.referredto D.turnedaround26.A.shyly B.secretly C.patiently D.helplessly27.A.private B.casual C.fortunate D.regular28.A.flowers B.newspapers C.memories D.ideas29.A.droppedout B.wentby C.tookup D.movedin30.A.clean B.old-fashioned C.usual D.comfortable31.A.desperately B.doubtfully C.completely D.hopefully32.A.balance B.promise C.breath D.temper33.A.close B.funny C.jealous D.capable34.A.seat B.stop C.center D.organization35.A.fear B.wonders C.confusion D.tears【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.D28.A29.B