云南省开远市第一名校2024-2025学年高一下学期英语开学考试（含解析）

云南省开远市第一名校2024-2025学年高一下学期英语开学考试一、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分阅读理解Theworldcontinuestoinspiretravelwriters.Standoutbooksfortheyearaheadaretopleasealltypesofourreaders.ASearchforNearbyNatureandWildernessWorldexplorerAlastairHumphriesspentayearexaminingeverysquaremetreofa12-mileradius(半径)aroundhishomeinLondonandfoundwonderclosetohand.AformerAdventureroftheYear,HumphrieshascycledaroundtheglobeandrowedacrosstheAtlanticOcean.Hislatestbook,though,isacelebrationofslowingthingsdownanddiscoveringasmallwildworldrightonyourdoorstep.It'salsoacrytorevitalizeLondon'sneglectednaturalplacesinurbanareasandourrighttowanderinthem.£12.99,EyeBooks.MyAdventuresinTravelandPublishingTravelpublisher,HilaryBradt'sguidebookcompanycelebratesits50thanniversarythisyear.ThefirstBradtTravelGuidewasbornin1974:BackpackingAlongAncientWaysPeru&BoliviawhichincludedsomeoftheveryfirstdescriptionsoftheIncaTrail.Sincethen,Bradthaspublishedmanyguidebooksaboutthefarthestpartsoftheplanet—MongoliaandMadagascaramongthem.Pioneeringbackpackingtravelsbeforetheconceptwaswidespread,hepresentsthisbooklookingbackatalifetimeoftrialsandstimulationinthewild.£20.00,Bradt.TrueStoriesofNature,Adventure&ConnectionEnvironmentalwriterLaurieKinghasgatheredacollectionoforiginalnon-fictionstories,illustrations,andpoemsexaminingthehumanconnectionwithnature.Hetakesawalkacrossthedesertanddiscovershowhermits(隐士)survivedinaSouthAmericanforest.Theseexcitingstoriesaimtoinspireyoutofindyourwildanimalsoulandrethinkyourrelationshipwithnature.£14.99,WatkinsPublishing.WritersWalktheWorldFromthestreetsofLondontothepathsofJapan,thejunglesofGhanaandbeyond,DuncanMinshullcollectstheworksofmorethanfiftywalker-writerswhohavetraveledtheworld'ssevencontinentsonfoot.Fromthe1500stothepresentdaycomesamemorablebandofexplorersandadventurers,scientistsandcraftsmen,pleasure-seekersandliterarydrifterssharingtheirexperiencesandaskingthemselvesaquestion—whytravelthiswayinthefirstplace?£15.99,NottingHillEditions.1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Humphries'sbookdescribesscenerieshesawwhencyclingaroundtheglobe.B．HilaryBradtisamongtheforerunnersofbackpackingtoursC．LaurieKing'sbookdescribeshiscontactwithwildanimals.D．DuncanMinshull'sbookcomparesmoderncitieswithruralareas.2．Thebookwhichcollectsexperiencesfrompeopleofdifferentidentitiesis____.A．ASearchforNearbyNatureandWildernessB．MyAdventuresinTravelandPublishingC．TrueStoriesofNature,Adventure&ConnectionD．WritersWalktheWorld3．Thebook____isfocusedonnaturalattractionsinacity.A．ASearchforNearbyNatureandWildernessB．MyAdventuresinTravelandPublishingC．TrueStoriesofNature,Adventure&ConnectionD．WritersWalktheWorld阅读理解WhenIspeaktootherparentsabouthowresponsiblemykidsare,IoftengetlaughedatortheymakeacommentabouthowstrictaparentImustbe.Givingkidsresponsibilitiesisamust.Itisparents'jobtomaketheirkidsbecomeresponsibleadultsandtopreparethemfortherealworldandlifeasanadult.Kidsasyoungastoddlers(学走路的孩子)canbegivensmalljobstodoandcanhelpyouaroundthehouse,inthegarden,atthegrocerystore,etc.Theycandolittlejobslikesettingthetable,helpingtomakethebed,washingdishes,washingthecarandsoon.Whenyouletchildrendosmalljobsatayoungageandmakeitfun,encourage,praiseandthankthem,itquicklybecomesnormalandapartoflife.Kidswhoaregivendifferentresponsibilitiesgrowupwithamuchgreatersenseofself­worth,self­esteemandaremoreconfident.Asthechildrengrow,theirresponsibilitiesgrowandexpand.Doingeverythingforchildrenornotallowingthemtomakemistakesandlearnfromthemisnotbeingapositive,responsibleparent.Thekidswillmorethanlikelyendupwithbadattitudes,andusuallyhavenorespectfortheirparentsorotheradultsandattimeshavenorespectforthemselves.Whenyourkidsarereadytoleavehome,theyshouldberesponsible,capableandconfident.Itismyopinionthatparentsaretobethankedortobeblamed(责备)forjusthowkidstakecontroloftheirlives.Theyareaproductoftheirenvironment,mirroringwhattheyhaveseenandwhatyouhavetaughtthem.Parentingisthehardestjobintheworldandnoneofusareperfect,butitisourjob!4．Whatdootherparentsthinkwhentheauthorsaysherchildisresponsible?A．Theythinkitnotrare. B．Theythinkitacceptable.C．Theythinkitnotgood. D．Theythinkitlucky.5．Parentscanmaketheirkidsbecomeresponsibleby____.A．makingsmalljobsfunB．givingthemsimplejobstodoC．praisingandencouragingthemD．settingagoodexampletothem6．WecanlearnfromParagraph3thatdoingeverythingforchildren____.A．isbadfortheirdevelopment B．showsnorespectforchildrenC．isdifficultforeveryparent D．showsparents'responsibility7．Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?A．Toexplaintheresponsibilitiesofparents.B．Toshowherexperienceinraisingchildren.C．Toadviseparentstomakechildrenresponsible.D．Toencouragekidstoberesponsible.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ThesymbolofThanksgivingintheUnitedStatesisitstraditionalfood,alargebirdwecallthe"turkey".ButtheturkeyiscertainlynotfromTurkey.Infact,itsEnglishnameisbasedononebigmistake.Wecouldsayitisacaseofmistakenidentity.Theword"Turkey"hasmeant"thelandoftheTurks"sinceancienttimes.Theword"turkey"whichreferstothebirdfirstappearedintheEnglishlanguageinthemid-1500s.Themisunderstandingoverthewordhappenedbecauseoftwosimilar-lookingkindsofbirds.ThereisanAfricanbirdcalledtheguineafowl.PortuguesetradersbroughttheguineafowltoEuropethroughNorthAfrica.ThisforeignbirdcametoEuropethroughTurkishlands.So,theEnglishthoughtofthebirdasa"Turkishchicken".WhenEuropeanscametoNorthAmerica,theysawabirdthatlookedliketheguineafowl.ThisbirdwasnativetotheNorthAmericancontinent.OrinHargravesisalexicographer,someonewhowritesdictionaries.Hargraveselucidateswhathappened."SomeEuropeanssawanAmericanturkey,thoughtthatitwastheguineafowl,whichatthattimewascalledthe‘turkeycock',andsogaveitthesamename."Hundredsofyearslater,wecontinuetocallthisNorthAmericanbird"turkey",eventhoughithasnoconnectionatallwiththecountryTurkey,orevenwithEurope.ButEnglishisnottheonlylanguagewithinteresting—andevenquestionable—namesforthisNorthAmericanbird.TheTurkish,fortheirpart,calltheturkey"hindi",theTurkishnameforIndia.ThementiontoIndiaprobablycomesfromtheold,wrongideathattheNewWorldwasinEasternAsia.TheFrenchcallit"dinde",anamethatalsoconnectsthebirdtoIndia."D'Inde"means"fromIndia"intheFrenchlanguage."Turkey:"hassimilarnamesinseveralotherlanguages.So,whatdotheycallthisNorthAmericanbirdinIndia?Well,intheHindilanguage,"turkey"is"tarki".8．HowdidtheThanksgiving"turkey"getitsname?A．Itwasmistakenforanotherbird.B．ItgotitsnamefromtheIndians.C．ItcamefromthecountryTurkey.D．ItwasnamedafteranAfricanbird.9．InwhichwaydotheguineafowlandthebirdofNorthAmericahaveincommon?A．Theirhabits. B．Theirfood.C．Theirlooks. D．Theirvalue.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"elucidates"inparagraph5mean?A．Doubts. B．Remembers. C．Proves. D．Explains.11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Thecountriesthatturkeyslivein.B．Thedevelopmentoftheturkey'snames.C．Turkeys'popularityindifferentcountries.D．Theturkey'sdifferentnamesindifferentlanguages.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Imagineplayingaracinggame,usingonlyyourbraintocontrolthecomplexseriesofturnsinalap.Thisisnotavideogamefantasy,butarealprogram,whichengineersattheUniversityofTexasatAustinhavecreatedaspartofresearchintobrain-computerinterfaces(接口)tohelpimprovethelivesofpeoplewithmotordisabilities.Moreimportantly,theresearcherscombinedmachinelearningcapabilitieswiththeirbrain-computerinterface,makingitaone-size-fits-allsolution.Typically,thesedevicesrequiremuchcalibration(校准)foreachuser--everybrainisdifferent,bothforhealthyanddisabledusers—andthathasbeenamajorbarriertowidespreadadoption.Thisnewsolutioncanquicklyunderstandtheneedsofanindividualsubjectandself-calibratethroughrepetition.Thatmeansmultiplepatientscouldusethedevicewithoutneedingtoadjustittotheindividual."Whenwethinkaboutthisinaclinicalsetting,thistechnologywillmakeitsowewon'tneedaspecializedteamtodothiscalibrationprocess,whichislongandboring,"saidSatyamKumar,agraduatestudentinthelabofJosédelR.Millán,aprofessorintheCockrellSchoolofEngineering'sChandraFamilyDepartmentofElectrical."Itwillbemuchfastertomovefrompatienttopatient."Peopleinthestudywearaspecialcapwithtinysensorsthatlinkuptoacomputer.Thesesensorspickupbrainwaves.Thesensorssendbrainwavestoadevice,whichcandecodebrainwavesandthenchangethemintogameactions.Millánisworkingonwaysforcomputerstotalktothebrain.Thishelpspeople'sbrainsbemoreadaptable,meaningtheycanlearnnewthingsandhealafterinjuries.Thegoalistohelppatientswithbrainproblemsandmakeusingthesebrain-computerdevicessimplerandmorehelpful."Thepointofthistechnologyistohelppeopleintheireverydaylives,"saidMillán."We'llcontinuedownthispathwhereverittakesusinthepursuitofhelpingpeople."12．Whomaybenefitfromthebrain-computerinterfaces?A．Peoplefondofvideogames.B．Peopleworkingwithcomputers.C．Peoplewithpoorcomputerskills.D．Peoplewithlimitedabilitytomove.13．Whatisblockingthewidespreaduseofthesedevices?A．Theirtoomanyfunctions.B．Complexoperationmethod.C．Calibrationfordifferentusers.D．Theneedofanindividualsubject.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"decode"inparagraph4mean?A．Occupy. B．Translate. C．Interrupt. D．Distract.15．WhatdoesMillánthinkofthistechnology?A．Itcoststoomuch. B．Itisapieceofcake.C．Ittakesnowhere. D．It'smeaningful.二、第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分七选五，根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoprepareforawildfireBeforeyoucaneffectivelyprepare,it'sveryimportanttounderstandhowwildfiresoperate.Manythinkwildfiresdestroyhomesbecauseawallofflames(火焰)movesacrossthelandscape.16．.Nowthatyouknowwhatawildfireis,here'showyoucanprotectyourhomeandyourfamily.17．Creatingadefensiblespacearoundyourhomeactsasabarrieragainstwildfireflames.Homehardeninginvolvesconstructingwithfire-resistantmaterials.Investing$10,000to$20,000inthesemeasuressignificantlyreducesthechanceofahomebeingravagedbyawildfire,loweringriskby75%.RemovedeadtreebranchesSimilartodryorbaggedleaves,deadtreebranchesaredry,whichmeansthey,too,cancatchfirequickly.Ifyouhaveanyhangingfromtreesorlayinginyouryard,removethemASAP.Thesameruleapplieswhenremovingdeadtreebranches:18．.Createanevacuation(撤离)planFamiliesshouldgooveranevacuationplanandpracticeitwellbeforeanemergencyactuallyoccurs.Knowingwhentoleaveandbeingabletogoquicklyiscrucialduringanevacuationscenario.19．.Thenplanyourprimaryandalternativeevacuationroute,andassembleemergencysuppliesandstorethemwhereyoucangettothemquickly.Makesuregutters(水槽)aremadeofmetal20．.Fixmetalguttercoverstoreduceleaflitterandwindblowndebris.Thiswillensurethatthingsdon'tburninthemandspreadfiretoyourhome.Don'tpressure-washgutters;itcandamagethemorpullthemoffyourhouse.A.DonotstorethemclosetothehouseB.ReplaceplasticgutterswithmetalonesC.ThingsweallhavearearoundourhomesD.It'simportanttokeepawayfromwildfireE.BuilddefensiblespacesandhardenyourhomeF.SetameetupdestinationforallfamilymembersfirstG.Actually,it'stinywind-blownthingsthatdestroymostofthem三、英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分完形填空Wewereabouttogatherupourthingsandreturntoourcarwhenamancameup.Helookedvery21．indeedandaskedus22．ifweknewthatthesegroundswerehisown.Fatherlookedtroubledandtheman23．anotice,whichsaidthatcampingwasstrictly24．.Mypoorfatherexplainedthathehadnotseenthe25．anddidnotknowthatcampingwasnotallowed.26．Fatherapologized,themandidnotseemsatisfied.HeaskedFatherforhisnameand27．.Allthewayhome,wewereso28．thathardlyanyonesaidaword.This29．thinghadspoiled(损害)awonderfuldayinthecountry.Fortherestoftheweek,we30．whatwouldhappen.ThefollowingSunday,westayedathomeeventhoughitwasa31．day.Aboutnoon,alargeandveryexpensive32．stoppedoutsideourhouse.Weweresurprisedwhenwesawseveralpeoplepreparingtohaveapicnicinoursmall33．.Fathergotvery34．andwenttoaskthemwhattheythoughttheyweredoing.Youcanimaginehow35．hewaswhenhesawthemanwhohadtakenouraddresstheweekbefore!Bothmenburstout36．andFatherwelcomedthestrangersintothehouse.Webecamegood37．.Andwelearnedalessonwehavenever38．.That's"Don'tdotoothers39．youdon'tliketo40．toyou."21．A．unpleasant B．polite C．strong D．pleased22．A．quickly B．angrily C．loudly D．curiously23．A．wrote B．stared C．read D．pointedto24．A．welcomed B．forbidden C．planned D．controlled25．A．ground B．place C．notice D．man26．A．Even B．When C．Though D．Because27．A．house B．car C．reason D．address28．A．worried B．satisfied C．frightened D．busy29．A．happy B．unpleasant C．lucky D．exciting30．A．waited B．thought C．wondered D．knew31．A．rainy B．fine C．good D．sad32．A．man B．thief C．car D．dog33．A．garden B．house C．ground D．field34．A．happy B．angry C．frightened D．anxious35．A．happy B．afraid C．angry D．surprised36．A．fighting B．smiling C．laughing D．exciting37．A．neighbours B．friends C．families D．farmers38．A．learnt B．known C．forgotten D．received39．A．that B．if C．when D．what40．A．bedone B．do C．doing D．get四、第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分短文填空ThetraditionalChinesecalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.Jingzhe（惊蛰）,orAwakeningofInsects,41．（fall）onMarch5andendsonMarch20thisyear.Thesolartermsignalsariseintemperatureandincreasedrainfall,42．（mark）thethirdsolarterminthesolaryear.Itsnamealludesto（暗指）theawakeningofanimals43．（sleep）inwinterandeverythingbeginningtocomeback44．life.Jingzheisanextremelyimportanttimeforfarmersand45．（see）asthebeginningofthebusiesttimeforagriculturalwork.OldChinese46．（say）suchas"onceJingzhecomes,springplowing（春耕）neverrests"revealtheimportanceofthistermtofarmers.Duringthisperiod,mostpartsofChinaexperiencearapidincreaseintemperaturesandamarkedincreaseinsunshine,47．providetheidealconditionsforfarmingactivities.EatingpearsaroundAwakeningofInsectsis48．widelypracticedcustominChina.OnetheorybehindthepracticeisthatastheChinesewordfor"pear"soundsthesameasthecharactermeaning"toleave",consumingpearsduringthissolartermshowedpeople'swishtodriveawaypestsfromcropssothattherewouldbeagoodharvestthroughouttheyear.49．（additional）,accordingtotheoriesoftraditionalChinesemedicine,thesweet,juicyandcoldfruitcanbegoodforthelungs50．（prevent）coughsastheweatherwarmsupandtheairbecomesdry.五、写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分51．随着人工智能技术的飞速发展，你班同学就"人工智能是否会取代人类工作"这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为，人工智能可以提高生产效率，解放人类从事更有价值的工作；也有人认为人工智能的广泛应用可能会导致大量失业，影响社会稳定。请你根据以上情况写一篇报告，并发表自己的观点。写作内容要点：1.人工智能技术的发展现状。2.人工智能对工作和社会的影响。3.个人对人工智能未来发展的看法。注意：(1)写作内容应包括以上全部要点，可适当发挥，使上下文连贯；(2)词数100左右。六、第二节(满分25分52．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。James,a24-year-oldinvestmentbankerfromToronto,wasjustoneweekintohisnewjobonWallStreet.Overthepastmonth,he'dbeensettlingintotheNewYorkCityapartmenthewassharingwithhiscollegefriend,anartificialintelligenceengineernamedRaphael.Now,lastweek,thetwoweregoingtomeetinalunchtimeonPier(码头)15,overlookingtheEastRiver,whenJamesfroze."Somebody'sinthewater,"hesaid.BeforeRaphaelcouldrespond,Jamesclimbedovertherail(栏杆)attheedgeofthepierandjumpedintothecold,pollutedwaterwithouttakingthetimetoremovehisshoes.WhatJameshadheardwasanalarmedfishermanshoutingfromPier16,nearly50yardsaway,"Help!He'sinthewater!"Andwhathe'dseenwasapersonfloating,lifeless.Raphaeldidn'tneedtoseethevictim.MaybeJamessawsomeoneinthewaterwhoneedsourhelp,hethought.Ormaybeit'sJameswhoneedsmyhelp.Eitherway,I'mgoingin.Hetookoffhisshoesanddived.Approachingtheunconsciousvictim,Jamessawthatitwasamiddle-agedman.Hewasbig,around200pounds,respectablydressedandsinkingfast.Hewas3feetbelowthesurfacebythetimeJamesreachedhim.Therescuerdived,feltaround,graspedthemanandkickedupwarduntiltheybothgotoutofthesurface.Raphaelwastherenow.Inthewater,thetwofriendsfloatedthemanonhisback.AsRaphaelputhisarmsaroundtheman'sshouldersandJamessupportedthebottomandknees,thepairpulledthemanbacktoPier15.Theirlungsheavedandtheirmusclesburnedastheypushedandpulledtheimmobilefigurethroughthewater.Theymighthavebeendraggingadeadbody.Theman'sskinwasblue,andneitherRaphaelnorJamesdetectedanybreathing.WhenatlasttheyreachedPier15,theyfacedanewuncertainty.Howtogetoutofthewater?Theshorewashalfmeterabovetheirheads.注意：1.写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Onthepier,acrowdhadgathered.……Suddenlythemanmoved,breathingagain.

答案解析部分1．B2．D3．A本文是一篇应用文，介绍了来年将出版的四本旅行书籍的简介及售价。

考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．细节理解题。根据MyAdventuresinTravelandPublishing部分中的"Sincethen,Bradthaspublishedmanyguidebooksaboutthefarthestpartsoftheplanet—MongoliaandMadagascaramongthem.Pioneeringbackpackingtravelsbeforetheconceptwaswidespread,hepresentsthisbooklookingbackatalifetimeoftrialsandstimulationinthewild.£20.00,Bradt."自那以来，布拉德特出版了许多关于地球上最偏远地区的指南——其中包括蒙古和马达加斯加。在背包旅行的概念广泛流行之前，他就率先进行了这样的旅行，并在这本书中回顾了自己在野外一生的试炼与激励。可知，HilaryBradt是背包旅行的先驱之一。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据WritersWalktheWorld部分中的"Fromthe1500stothepresentdaycomesamemorablebandofexplorersandadventurers,scientistsandcraftsmen,pleasure-seekersandliterarydrifterssharingtheirexperiencesandaskingthemselvesaquestion—whytravelthiswayinthefirstplace?"从16世纪到现在，一群令人难忘的探险家和冒险家、科学家和工匠、寻欢作乐者和文学流浪者分享了他们的经历，并问自己一个问题——为什么要以这种方式旅行？可知，WritersWalktheWorld收集了不同身份的人的经验。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据ASearchforNearbyNatureandWilderness部分中的"Hislatestbook,though,isacelebrationofslowingthingsdownanddiscoveringasmallwildworldrightonyourdoorstep.It'salsoacrytorevitalizeLondon'sneglectednaturalplacesinurbanareasandourrighttowanderinthem."然而，他的最新著作却是在庆祝放慢脚步，发现你家门口的那个小小的野生世界。这本书也呼吁振兴伦敦市区被忽视的自然场所，以及我们在其中漫步的权利。可知，ASearchforNearbyNatureandWilderness这本书聚焦于城市内的自然景观。故选A。4．C5．B6．A7．C本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者的一些自身教育经验来建议父母教育他们的孩子成为一个有责任的人，这对孩子的成长有利无害。

本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"WhenIspeaktootherparentsabouthowresponsiblemykidsare,IoftengetlaughedatortheymakeacommentabouthowstrictaparentImustbe."当我和其他父母谈论我的孩子有多负责时，我经常被嘲笑，或者他们评论我一定是一个多么严格的父母。可知，当作者说她的孩子是负责任的时候，其他父母认为这是不好的。故选C。5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Kidsasyoungastoddlers(学走路的孩子)canbegivensmalljobstodoandcanhelpyouaroundthehouse,inthegarden,atthegrocerystore,etc.Theycandolittlejobslikesettingthetable,helpingtomakethebed,washingdishes,washingthecarandsoon."小到蹒跚学步的孩子都可以做一些小事，可以帮你做家务，在花园里，在杂货店里等等。他们可以做一些小工作，比如摆桌子，帮助整理床铺，洗碗，洗车等等；以及"Kidswhoaregivendifferentresponsibilitiesgrowupwithamuchgreatersenseofself-worth,self-esteemandaremoreconfident."被赋予不同责任的孩子在成长过程中会有更强的自我价值感、自尊感和更自信。可知，父母可以给孩子一些简单的工作让他们做，让他们变得有责任感。故选B。6．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Doingeverythingforchildrenornotallowingthemtomakemistakesandlearnfromthemisnotbeingapositive,responsibleparent.Thekidswillmorethanlikelyendupwithbadattitudes,andusuallyhavenorespectfortheirparentsorotheradultsandattimeshavenorespectforthemselves."为孩子做任何事，或者不允许他们犯错并从中吸取教训，都不是一个积极、负责任的父母。孩子们很可能会以坏的态度结束，通常不尊重他们的父母或其他成年人，有时也不尊重自己。可知，从第三段中我们可以学到，为孩子做任何事情都不利于他们的发展。故选A。7．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Givingkidsresponsibilitiesisamust.Itisparent'sjobtomaketheirkidsbecomeresponsibleadultsandtopreparethemfortherealworldandlifeasanadult."给孩子责任是必须的。父母的工作是让他们的孩子成为负责任的成年人，并为他们作为一个成年人面对现实世界和生活做好准备。可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了建议父母让孩子负责任。故选C。8．A9．C10．D11．D本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国感恩节传统食物火鸡的名称来源。火鸡这个名称最早起源于对一种看起来像珍珠鸡的北美鸟的误解。此外，文章还提到其他语言中关于火鸡的命名，如在土耳其称为"hindi"，在法语中称为"dinde"，以及印度语中称为"tarki"。

本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"SomeEuropeanssawanAmericanturkey,thoughtthatitwastheguineafowl,whichatthattimewascalledthe‘turkeycock',andsogaveitthesamename."一些欧洲人看到一只美洲火鸡，以为它是珍珠鸡，当时被称为"土耳其公鸡"，所以给了它同样的名字。可知，感恩节的"火鸡"有这样的名字是因为它被误认为是另一种鸟。故选A。9．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"WhenEuropeanscametoNorthAmerica,theysawabirdthatlookedliketheguineafowl.ThisbirdwasnativetotheNorthAmericancontinent."当欧洲人来到北美时，他们看到了一种看起来像珍珠鸡的鸟。这种鸟原产于北美大陆。可知，珍珠鸡和这种北美大陆的鸟在外形上有共同之处。故选C。10．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"OrinHargravesisalexicographer,someonewhowritesdictionaries."OrinHargraves是一名词典编纂者，他负责编写词典。可知，Hargraves是词典编纂者，他应该非常了解词汇的起源和发展；以及"SomeEuropeanssawanAmericanturkey,thoughtthatitwastheguineafowl,whichatthattimewascalledthe‘turkeycock',andsogaveitthesamename."一些欧洲人看到一只美洲火鸡，以为它是珍珠鸡，当时被称为"土耳其公鸡"，所以给了它同样的名字)"具体解释了感恩节的"火鸡"得名的经过。可推知，Hargraves是解释了这个错误的名称是如何发展而来的，画线词意思应该是"解释"，与explains意思相近。故选D。11．考查段落大意。根据最后一段"TheTurkish,fortheirpart,calltheturkey‘hindi',theTurkishnameforIndia.ThementiontoIndiaprobablycomesfromtheold,wrongideathattheNewWorldwasinEasternAsia.TheFrenchcallit‘dinde',anamethatalsoconnectsthebirdtoIndia.‘D'Inde'means‘fromIndia'intheFrenchlanguage.‘Turkey'hassimilarnamesinseveralotherlanguages.So,whatdotheycallthisNorthAmericanbirdinIndia?Well,intheHindilanguage,‘turkey'is‘tarki'."土耳其人则称火鸡为"hindi"，这是土耳其人对印度的称呼。提到印度可能来自旧的错误观念，即新世界在东亚。法国人称它为"dinde"，这个名字也将这种鸟与印度联系起来。"D'Inde"在法语中的意思是"来自印度"。"火鸡"在其他几种语言中也有类似的名称。那么，印度人怎么称呼这种北美鸟呢？在印度语中，"火鸡"是"tarki"。可知，本段主要介绍了火鸡在不同的语言中的不同的名字。故选D。12．D13．C14．B15．D16．G；17．E；18．A；19．F；20．B本文是一篇说明文，介绍了预防野火的几个准备措施。

考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Manythinkwildfiresdestroyhomesbecauseawallofflames(火焰)movesacrossthelandscape."许多人认为野火会摧毁房屋，因为一堵火焰墙会穿过地面。解释了野火的具体含义；以及空后"Nowthatyouknowwhatawildfireis,here'showyoucanprotectyourhomeandyourfamily."现在你知道了什么是野火，下面是你如何保护你的家和你的家人。可知，此处解释何谓野火。G.Actually,it'stinywind-blownthingsthatdestroymostofthem"实际上，是被风吹来的小东西摧毁了它们中的大部分"承上启下，符合语境，故选G。17．根据空后"Creatingadefensiblespacearoundyourhomeactsasabarrieragainstwildfireflames.Homehardeninginvolvesconstructingwithfire-resistantmaterials.Investing$10,000to$20,000inthesemeasuressignificantlyreducesthechanceofahomebeingravagedbyawildfire,loweringriskby75%."在你家周围创造一个可防御的空间，作为抵御野火的屏障。房屋加固包括用耐火材料建造。在这些措施上投资1万到2万美元，可以显著降低房屋被野火破坏的几率，将风险降低75%。可知，本段主要建议我们建造一个防御空间。E.Builddefensiblespacesandhardenyourhome"建造可防御的空间，加固你的家"符合本段主要内容，故选E。18．根据空前"Similartodryorbaggedleaves,deadtreebranchesaredry,whichmeansthey,too,cancatchfirequickly.Ifyouhaveanyhangingfromtreesorlayinginyouryard,removethemASAP."与干燥或袋装叶子类似，枯死的树枝也很干燥，这意味着它们也会很快着火。如果你有挂在树上或躺在你的院子里，尽快把它们移走。可知，枯死的树枝很干燥，容易着火，所以要把枯死的树枝移走；以及"Thesameruleapplieswhenremovingdeadtreebranches"同样的规则也适用于移除枯枝。可知，把枯死的树枝移走这个规则也适用于移除枯枝，也就是不要放在院子里。A.Donotstorethemclosetothehouse"不要在房子附近存放"承接上文，符合语境，故选A。19．根据空前"Knowingwhentoleaveandbeingabletogoquicklyiscrucialduringanevacuationscenario."在疏散场景中，知道什么时候离开并能够快速离开是至关重要的。可知，在疏散时快速离开很重要；以及空后"Thenplanyourprimaryandalternativeevacuationroute,andassembleemergencysuppliesandstorethemwhereyoucangettothemquickly."然后计划好你的主要和备用疏散路线，并将应急物资储存在你可以快速到达的地方。F.Setameetupdestinationforallfamilymembersfirst"先为所有家庭成员设定一个见面地点"承上启下，符合语境，故选F。20．根据空后"Fixmetalguttercoverstoreduceleaflitterandwindblowndebris.Thiswillensurethatthingsdon'tburninthemandspreadfiretoyourhome."固定金属水槽盖，以减少落叶和风吹的碎片。这将确保东西不会在里面燃烧，并将火蔓延到你的家。可知，空处提到了金属水槽。B.Replaceplasticgutterswithmetalones"用金属水槽代替塑料水槽"符合本段小标题"Makesuregutters(水槽)aremadeofmetal"确保排水沟是由金属制成的，同时引出下文内容。故选B。21．A；22．B；23．D；24．B；25．C；26．C；27．D；28．A；29．B；30．C；31．B；32．C；33．A；34．B；35．D；36．C；37．B；38．C；39．D；40．A本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者与父亲露营的一次经历让作者永远不会忘记。

考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，宾语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

21．他一脸不高兴的样子，怒气冲冲地问我们知不知道这片土地是他的。A：unpleasant"令人不愉快的"；B：polite"礼貌的"；C：strong"强壮的"；D：pleased"满意的"。根据空后"andaskedus2ifweknewthatthesegroundswerehisown."；以及下文"Fatherlookedtroubledandtheman3anotice,whichsaidthatcampingwasstrictlyforbidden."可知，男人认为作者与父亲无视牌子上的内容在此露营，自然很不高兴。故选A。22．他一脸不高兴的样子，怒气冲冲地问我们知不知道这片土地是他的。A：quickly"迅速地"；B：angrily"生气地"；C：loudly"大声地"；D：curiously"好奇地"。因为他不高兴，因此他说话时很生气。故选B。23．父亲看起来有些不安，那人指着一张告示，上面写着严禁露营。A：wrote"写"；B：stared"盯着看"；C：read"阅读"；D：pointedto"指向"。根据空后"whichsaidthatcampingwasstrictlyforbidden."可知，那个男人指着一个牌子。故选D。24．父亲看起来有些不安，那人指着一张告示，上面写着严禁露营。A：welcomed"欢迎"；B：forbidden"禁止"；C：planned"计划"；D：controlled"控制"。根据下文"didnotknowthatcampingwasnotallowed."不知道露营是不允许的。可知告示上面写着严禁露营，故选B。25．可怜的父亲解释说，他没有看到告示，也不知道露营是不允许的。A：ground"地面"；B：place"地方"；C：notice"通知，告示"；D：man"男人"。根据空后"anddidnotknowthatcampingwasnotallowed."可知，父亲解释说没有看到告示。故选C。26．虽然父亲道歉了，但这名男子似乎并不满意。A：Even"甚至"；B：When"当……时候"；C：Though