长沙专版2020中考英语复习方案阅读表达06达芬奇及欧洲人口问题试题

PAGEPAGE1阅读表达(六)名人达·芬奇+欧洲人口问题ALeonardodaVinciwasbornonApril15,1452inItaly.Heisbestknownasanartisttoday.OneofhisfamouspaintingsiscalledMonaLisa.However,Leonardohadmanyothernaturalabilities.Hewasalsoagreatinventor.Manyofhisinventionshavebecomeimportantinmoderndailylife.AlthoughLeonardohatedwar,heinventedmanydifferentmachinesusedforwar.Hismostspecialinventionwasthemachinegun,whichwasproducedandusedinwarmanyyearslater.Leonardotriedtofindoutthesecretofflying,sohewatchedthewaybirdsfly.Amonghissketches(素描)wecanseemanyobjects.Weconsiderthemasmodernflyingmachines.Leonardospentmanyhoursthinkingabouthowtomakegooduseoftime.Hedevelopedideasforlabor-savingmachineslikecuttingmachines.Leonardowasastrangeman.Hedidn'teatanymeat,whichwasveryunusualinthosetimes.Heneverpublishedhisideasanddiscoveries.Heusuallyusedmirrorwriting,whichlooklikewritinginthemirrorstartingfromtherightsideofthepageandmovingtotheleft.Wehaveveryfewofhisworkstoday.Leonardofinishedonlyafewofhispaintings.Heleftmanyunfinishedbecausehethoughttheywerenotperfect.NooneinhislifetimeknewhowgreatLeonardowas.Wenowbelieve,however,thathewasoneofthecleverestmenthattheworldhaseverknown.1.WhatwasLeonardodaVinci?

2.DidLeonardoinventanymachinesusedforwar?

3.HowdidLeonardotrytofindoutthesecretofflying?

4.Whydidn'tLeonardofinishallhisworks?

5.HowdopeoplenowadayslikeLeonardo?

BThepopulationoftheworldcontinuestoincrease,butinsomeareasthepopulationisfalling.ThisistrueinEuropeandespeciallyinEasternEurope.InRussia,thepopulationisgoingdownbyabout100peopleEVERYHOUR!Russia'spopulationcouldfallbyONETHIRDbytheyear2050!AndinPolandthepopulationisalsogoingdownbecausepeopleareleavingtoworkinothercountries.Oneofthemainreasonsisachangeoflifestyle.AlloverEuropepeople,especiallyeducatedwomen,haveadifferentattitude(态度)tochildrenthantheirparents.“Ihaveonechildandsheisenoughforme,”saidGalinaTereschkova,adoctorfromMoscow.“MyhusbandandIbothworkfull-time.Wecan'timaginehavingmorethanonechild.”Manywomendecidetohavechildrenlaterinlifeornottohavechildrenatall.“Idon'twanttohaveanychildrenuntilIhaveworkedforatleast10years,”said19-year-oldstudentHanaMarkovafromPrague.Heropinionistypicalof18-24yearoldwomeneverywhereinEurope.InPoland,thepopulationisgoingdownforadifferentreason.Alotofpeople,usuallyagedbetween20and30,areleavingthecountrytoworkabroad.PolandjoinedtheEuropeanUnionin2005andsincethenmorethanhalfamillionpeoplehavemovedtoBritain,Germany,SpainandItaly.Evenso,thepopulationofthosefourcountriesandmanyothercountriesinWestEuropeisalsogoingdown.Manygovernmentsarenowencouragingpeopletohavelargerfamilies.InFrance,womennowreceivenearly$1,000amonthforayeariftheyhaveathirdchild.Austrianwomenreceive$700amonthforthreeyearswhentheyhavetheirfirstchild.1.Whereintheworldisthepopulationgettingsmaller?

2.HowmanychildrendoesGalinaTereschkovawanttohave?

3.WhatdoesHanaMarkovawanttodobeforeshehaschildren?

4.WhyisthepopulationinPolandgoingdown?

5.HowdoestheFrenchgovernmentencouragepeopletohavelargerfamiliesnow?

【参考答案】A1.Hewasanartistandagreatinventor.2.Yes,hedid.3.Bywatchingthewaybirdsfly./Hewatchedthewaybirdsfly.4.Heleftmanyunfinishedbecausehethoughttheywerenotperfect.5.Peoplebelievehewasoneofthecleverestmenthattheworldhaseverknown.B[主旨大意]本文介绍了尽管世界人口在增长,但在一些国家里,尤其欧洲一些国家,特别在俄罗斯、英国、德国、西班牙和意大利等国家里,随着生育观和生活方式的变化,人口在减少,这些国家正采取措施,鼓励生育。1.InEurop