江苏省扬州市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末英语试题【含答案解析】

2024-2025学年第一学期期末检测高三英语注意事项1.本试卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。2.答题前，请务必将学校、姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上。3.请用0.5毫米黑色签字笔按题号在答题纸指定区域作答，在其它位置作答一律无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemando?A.Apainter. B.Apublisher. C.Awriter.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ilovethispainting.Youreallyhaveagift.M:Thanks.Butthat’smysister’swork.Iwritebooks.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchdoesthemanhavetopayintotal?A.148dollars. B.150dollars. C.152dollars.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Thetieis68dollarsandtheT-shirtis82dollars.M:Hereismycreditcard.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesthewomanthinkofAnn?A.Shedidwellintheexam.B.Shecouldhavedonebetter.C.Sheisn’tgoodatherstudies.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:HowdidAnnedointheexam?M:Lookather.Sheseemstobeontopoftheworldnow.W:Thenshemusthavedoneverywell.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whoisthelittleboy?A.Thewoman’sson. B.Thewoman’sgrandson. C.Thewoman’snephew.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Isthatlittleboyyourgrandson?W:Don’tyouthinkI’mtooyoungtohaveagrandson?Heismysister’sson.M:Sorry,buthedoeslookalittlelikeyou.W:Yeshedoes,doesn’the?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisbotheringtheman?A.Thenoisefromthestreet.B.ThenoisefromMr.Black’sgarden.C.Thenoisefromthewoman’sgarden.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Icannotstayhereonemoreminute.W:Whatisbotheringyou?M:Thenoise.Whoismakingthatnoise?W:It’sourneighbour,MisterBlack.Heisworkinginhisgarden.Letmegoandaskhimtostop.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Doingsomereading. B.Writingapaper. C.Listeningtomusic.7.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Turningofftheradio. B.Playingsomesoftmusic. C.Buyingabook.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】W:Couldyouturnofftheradio?Idon'tlikethissong.M:Why?It'sagoodsong.W:It'stoonoisy.Ilikesoftmusic.M:ThenI'lljustfindsomesoftmusicforyou.W:Thanks,butIdon'tlikehavingmusiconwhileI'mreadingabook.Couldyoujustturnitoff?M:Okay,nowit'squiet.Sowhatareyoureading?W:AclassicbyJaneAustenEmma.M:Ilovethatbook.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Writinghisschoolpaper.B.Doingthehousework.C.WatchingTV.9.Whattimeisitnow?A.About6:00. B.About6:30. C.About7:00.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Sisterandbrother. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】8.C9.B10.B【解析】【原文】W:Couldyouhelpmewiththehousework?M:Sorry,butI’mbusywithmyhomework.Didn’tyoufinishyourhomeworkhalfanhourago?NowyouaresittingtherewatchingTV.M:WhynotaskMiketohelpyou?Heseemslikehe’dbehappytohelpyou.W:Heisbusywithhisschoolpaper.JuststopwatchingTVandcomeandhelpme.Momwillbebackaroundseven,Iwanttogiveherasurprise.Ican’tfinishallthehouseworkinhalfanhour.M:Whydidn’tyoudoitearlier?W:Iwascookingsupperforyou.M:Okay?I’llhelpyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.HowlonghasthemanbeenlearningFrench?A.Fortwomonths. B.Foroneyear. C.Fortwoyears.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkoffindingateacher?A.It’smeaningless. B.It’stooexpensive. C.It’sworthy.13.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.LearnFrenchwithher.B.Learnbyhimself.C.ReadFrencharticles.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】W:That’saFrenchtextbookyouhavethere.AreyoulearningFrench?M:Yes,IhavebeenlearningFrenchfortwoyears.W:Thenyoumustbegoodatitnow.M:No,thoughIhavebeenlearningFrenchfortwoyears,Ican’tspeakit.W:Youmustbekidding.M:No,I’mnot.Idon’thaveateacher.I'mjustlearningbymyselfandIhavenoonetopracticewith.ButIcanreadsimpleFrencharticles.W:Whynotfindateacher?M:It’stooexpensive.Ican’taffordit.Don’tworry.IbelieveIwillfindsomeotherFrenchlearnerstochatwithsomeday.W:Wecouldstudytogether.IhavealwayswantedtolearnFrench.NowIfinallyhaveachance.Wecanfindateacher,I’msurewecanaffordit,orwecanattendaFrenchtrainingcourse.M:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14Wheredidthemantakethispicture?A.IntheUSA. B.InCanada. C.InJapan.15.Howoldistheprofessornow?A.32yearsold. B.35yearsold. C.38yearsold.16.Whatdidthemanthinkofhisprofessor?A.Boring. B.Funny. C.Strict.17.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Getsomepictures.B.Callhisprofessor.C.Hangoutwiththewoman.【答案】14.B15.C16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Whendidyoutakethispicture?M:Aboutthreeyearsago,whenIwasstudyinginCanada,thesewereallmyclassmatesexcepttheoneontheleft.W:Washeyourprofessor?Butisn’thetooyoungtobeaprofessor?Heisyoung.M:Hewasonlyabout35yearsoldandhelookedveryyoungthen.Hewasagoodprofessor.Wealllikedhim.Hewasfunnyandlikedhangingoutwithus.W:Youwereluckytohavesuchagoodprofessor.Allmyprofessorswereeitheroldmenoroldladies.Someofthemwereveryboring.M:Well,oldprofessorsusuallyhaveachievedalot.I’msureyoucouldlearnalotfromthem.W:That’strue.SodidyoutakeanyotherpicturesinCanada?’dliketohavealookatthem.Ifyouhaveany.M:Sure.Buttheyareupstairs.I’llgetthemandberightback.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.HowlongwillMillerandEdwardslasttonight?A.Halfanhour. B.Anhour. C.Twohours.19.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutStardate3,000?A.Itsstoriesarenotverygood.B.Itsactorsareinexperienced.C.ItsdirectorisanAmerican.20.WhattimedoesTVDiarystarttonight?A.At6:30. B.At8:30. C.At9:30.【答案】18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】W:AndfinallyonTVdiary,awordaboutsomeoftheprogramsonyourscreenstonight.AfterthenewsonBBC,there’sMillerandEdwards.Thetwocomedianshavesavedalotoftheirbestjokesforthisspecialprogram,whichisthelastofthepresentseries.Tonight’sshowlastsanhourinsteadoftheusualhalfhour.MillerandEdwardsisjoinedbyfamousactorGilesWelby,whoplaysanangrymotoristinonescene.BeginningtonightisStardate3000,anAmericansciencefictionseries.It’sbeenontelevisionintheUSAforthelasttwomonthsandcommentsontheshowhavebeenmixed.Itcertainlyhassomefineactors,butthereisalimittohowmuchadirectorcandowithstoriesasweakasthese.I’msureI’veseenmostofthescenerybeforeinothershowsfromthesamestudio.Perhapssomeofthemoneytheysavedonthesceneryshouldbespentongettingsomebetterwriters.Don’tforgetthatfromtomorrow,TVdiaryisgoingtobeatsixthirtyPMinsteadofeightthirtyforthreeweeksbecauseofthetenniscompetitions.WhenthecompetitionsfinishatthestartofJuly,we’llbebackatourusualtime,sothanksforlistening.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADisneylandResortFromdiscountsonparkentryticketstonearbyhotelstays,herearetheholidayoffersatDisneylandResort.SpecialTicketOffersTheholidaysatDisneylandResortareinfullswingtowelcomeChineseNewYear,withspecialfireworksshowsandtheaward-winningFestivalofHolidaysbringingabundantmerryfoodstotheparks.Theresortisnowofferingaholidaylimited-time“TwoDaysandGetOneDayFree”ticket.Withaspeciallypriced3-dayticket,guestscanvisitbothDisneyCaliforniaAdventureParkandDisneylandPark.Theticketcosts$330,whichcanbeboughtonlineorinpersonattheboxoffice.Withthefestiveadditionoffunnykids’programming,itisanidealfamilyresort.Theresortisalsorunningapromotionwith$50kidticketsforvisitsin2025.Notes:·Thisofferisvalid(有效)for13daysafterfirstuse.·Guestscanvisitonlyoneparkinaday.AccommodationOffersGuestsvisitingfortheholidayseasoncanalsotakeadvantageofaspecialhoteldiscountwithsavingsasmuchas15percentoffselectstayswithfullprepaymentattheDisneylandHotelandDisney’sGrandCalifornianHotel.ThisoffermustbebookedbyJan.19,2025andisvalidforstaysfromSundaytoThursdaynightsuntilFeb.27,2025.Note:·Atwocontinuousnightminimumstayisrequired.21.Whatcanavisitordoattheresortwitha$330ticket?A.Setofffireworkswithfamilies.B.Bringalongachildforfree.C.Entertheresortmorethanonce.D.Visitbothparksinoneday.22.Whatdoweknowaboutthespecialhoteldiscount?A.Guestspay15%oftheoriginalprice.B.GuestshavetomakereservationsbeforeJan.19.C.GuestscanstayinthehotelonFriday.D.Guestscanchoosetwoseparatedaystocheckin.23.Whatisthetext?A.Atraveljournal. B.Aholidayplan.C.Anadvertisement. D.Anannouncement.【答案】21.C22.B23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了迪士尼度假区的节日优惠活动，包括门票优惠和住宿优惠。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据SpecialTicketOffers部分中的“Theresortisnowofferingaholidaylimited-time“TwoDaysandGetOneDayFree”ticket.Withaspeciallypriced3-dayticket,guestscanvisitbothDisneyCaliforniaAdventureParkandDisneylandPark.Theticketcosts$330,whichcanbeboughtonlineorinpersonattheboxoffice.(度假村现在提供提供假日限时“买二送一”的门票。凭一张特价的3天门票，客人可以参观迪士尼加州冒险乐园和迪士尼乐园。门票价格为330美元，可以在网上或亲自前往售票处购买。)”可知，花费330美元可以购买一张3天的特别门票，在这3天内可以参观两个公园，即可以多次进入度假区。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据AccommodationOffers部分中的“Guestsvisitingfortheholidayseasoncanalsotakeadvantageofaspecialhoteldiscountwithsavingsasmuchas15percentoffselectstayswithfullprepaymentattheDisneylandHotelandDisney’sGrandCalifornianHotel.ThisoffermustbebookedbyJan.19,2025andisvalidforstaysfromSundaytoThursdaynightsuntilFeb.27,2025.(在假期期间到访的客人还可以享受特别的酒店折扣，在迪士尼乐园酒店和迪士尼加州大酒店全额预付款的情况下，可以节省高达15%的精选住宿费用。此优惠必须在2025年1月19日前预订，适用于2025年2月27日之前周日至周四晚上的住宿。)”可知，想要享受酒店的特别折扣，客人必须在2025年1月19日之前预订。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“DisneylandResort(迪士尼乐园度假区)”以及文章开头“Fromdiscountsonparkentryticketstonearbyhotelstays,herearetheholidayoffersatDisneylandResort.(从公园门票折扣到附近酒店住宿，这里是迪士尼度假区的节日优惠活动)”可知，这是一篇关于迪士尼度假区节日优惠活动的广告。故选C项。BMarkBeer,adistinguishedactorwithover40yearsintheindustry,hasalotoffirststohisname:thefirstdisabledchildren’spresenteron“Playdays”andthefirstdisabledactortostaraTVdramaseries.Despitetheseachievements,heunderstandsdisabledactorsstillfacevariouschallenges,particularlyinlandingroles.Bornwith2nddegreeCerebralPalsyandwheelchair-bound,Markstartedactingprofessionallyat17andwonaBronzeMedalatafestival.Later,hestudieddramaattheCityLiteraryInstituteinLondon.“Mylovefortheatrestartedinchildhood.Performingplayswithmybrothersinthegardenprovidedanescapefrommyhealthissuesandconfirmedmybeliefinbeinganycharacter,notjustachildwithseveredisabilities,”Marksays.Heneverviewshimselfasadisabledactorbutasonecompetingforthesamerolesasothers.Heacknowledgesthatifhehadconsideredthebarriers,mainlytheunfriendlyjudgementbyothers,hemighthavechosenadifferentcareer.“Thankfully,thingsaregettingmuchbetterforusandthestageentryisnolongeraproblemforthoseinwheelchairs!”WhiledisabledactorsaremorevisibleinfilmsandTV,theindustrystillhasalongwaytogobeforeitstopssimplycastingdisabledactorsasangry,disabledvictims.Inhisowntheatrecompany,DramaiochProductions,Markadoptsacreativeapproachbyfullycastingdisabledactorsalongsidenon-disabledonesonstage.“It’simportantwehighlightdisabilitiesintheartstoensurethisworlddoesn’tremaindivided,”explainsMark.“Bybringingdisabilitiestothemainstreamwillhopefullyencouragetheindustrytodevelopandrepresentsocietymoreaccurately.Wearecastingpeoplewithdisabilitiesbasedonworth,abilityandtalent.”24.WhydidMarkchoosetobeanactor?A.Hisbrothersencouragedhimtoact.B.Disabledpeoplewerebadlytreated.C.Hecouldbecomefamousthroughacting.D.Actinghelpedhimforgetabouthisillness.25.WhatdoesMarkthinkisthemajorbarrierfordisabledactors?A.Nowheelchairaccess. B.Prejudiceagainstthem.C.Alackofcompetence. D.Theirhealthconditions.26.Whyaredisabledactorscasttogetherwithnon-disabledinMark’scompany?A.Tomeettheneedsofviewers.B.Tospeakupfordisabledactors.C.Topromotecompanygrowth.D.Tomaketheplayquiteunique.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMarkBeer?A.Talentedandsociallyresponsible.B.Determinedandmodest.C.Open-mindedandhumorous.D.Sympatheticandtolerant.【答案】24.D25.B26.B27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了身患残疾的著名演员MarkBeer在演艺行业中的奋斗历程和他对残疾演员在行业中现状的看法。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Mark说的话“Performingplayswithmybrothersinthegardenprovidedanescapefrommyhealthissuesandconfirmedmybeliefinbeinganycharacter,notjustachildwithseveredisabilities,(在花园里和兄弟们一起表演戏剧，让我从健康问题中解脱出来，也让我坚信自己可以扮演任何角色，而不仅仅是一个患有严重残疾的孩子。)”可知，表演帮助他忘记自己的疾病，所以他选择成为演员。故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Heacknowledgesthatifhehadconsideredthebarriers,mainlytheunfriendlyjudgementbyothers,hemighthavechosenadifferentcareer.(他承认，如果他考虑到障碍，主要是他人不友好的判断，他可能会选择不同的职业。)”可知，Mark认为残疾演员面临的主要障碍是人们对他们的偏见。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“WhiledisabledactorsaremorevisibleinfilmsandTV,theindustrystillhasalongwaytogobeforeitstopssimplycastingdisabledactorsasangry,disabledvictims.Inhisowntheatrecompany,DramaiochProductions,Markadoptsacreativeapproachbyfullycastingdisabledactorsalongsidenon-disabledonesonstage.(虽然残疾演员在电影和电视上越来越显眼，但在停止仅仅将残疾演员塑造成愤怒的、残疾的受害者之前，这个行业还有很长的路要走。在他自己的戏剧公司DramaiochProductions，Mark采取了一种创造性的方法，即在舞台上完全由残疾演员和非残疾演员共同出演。)”和第五段中Mark说的话“Bybringingdisabilitiestothemainstreamwillhopefullyencouragetheindustrytodevelopandrepresentsocietymoreaccurately.(通过将残疾问题带入主流，希望能鼓励该行业发展并更准确地代表社会。)”可推知，Mark的公司残疾演员和健全的演员一起出演是为了为残疾演员发声。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“MarkBeer,adistinguishedactorwithover40yearsintheindustry,hasalotoffirststohisname:thefirstdisabledchildren’spresenteron‘Playdays’andthefirstdisabledactortostaraTVdramaseries.(MarkBeer是一位在演艺行业工作超过40年的杰出演员，他的名字有很多第一次：他是“Playdays”节目中的第一位残疾儿童节目主持人，也是第一位主演电视连续剧的残疾演员。)”可知，Mark很有天赋；根据最后一段中Mark说的话“It’simportantwehighlightdisabilitiesintheartstoensurethisworlddoesn’tremaindivided,(我们在艺术中强调残疾是很重要的，以确保这个世界不再分裂。)”可知，Mark很有社会责任感。故选A项。CAparasocialrelationship（PSR）isgenerallydefinedasarelationshipinwhichonememberoftherelationshipisn’tawareoftheother—forexample,afanlovesacelebrity,butthecelebritydoesn’tknowtheyexist.Theterm“parasocialrelationships”firstappearedinthe1950s,whenpsychologiststriedtounderstandhowtelevisionviewersreactedtoTVpersonalitiesspeakingtothemdirectlyoutofthescreen.Laterinthe70sand80s,scholarsbegantoassumethatformingparasocialrelationshipswasdrivenbyloneliness.However,not-lonelypeoplearejustaslikelytoformaconnectionwiththatpersononthescreen.Asfandoms（粉丝圈）becamemorevisiblethroughoutthelatterhalfofthe20thcentury,parasocialrelationshipsbecameassociatedwithyouthandimmaturity.It’struethatadolescentsparticularlytendtodevelopintenseparasocialrelationshipsbecauseitcanbeachancetopracticerealadultfeelingsonsomeoneatasafedistance.Butdigitalinteractioncomplicatesthesenaturalrelationships.Sincetheriseofsocialmedia,thephenomenonofparasocialrelationshipshasbeenhugelyamplified（放大）.ThetraditionalarrangementofPSRs,wherethefanhasnoactualcontactwithacelebrity,isvisiblychangedbyournewmeansofcommunication—acelebritymightseeafan’smessageorevenreply.Whenfansaregainingaccesstothecelebritythroughsocialmediaposts,itincreasesthefeelingofcloseness.Peoplethinktheyreallyhavemoreofarelationshipthantheydo.Onlinefandoms,especiallylargeonesfullofadolescentswithstrongemotionscangeneratebadbehavioramongadults.Behaviorthatmighthavebeenlimitedtoonepersonorafewpeoplemightbe,thankstosocialmedia,giventhechancetospread.“There’sasortofechochambereffect（回声室效应）wherepeopleconvincethemselves,‘everyoneagreeswithmeandthereforeweareallrightinourapproach,’”saysGayleStever,theauthorofParasocialExperiences.Parasocialrelationshipsarenaturalandnotinherently（固有地）unhealthy.ButasSteversays,“Anythingthatcanbetrueaboutaregularsocialrelationshipcanbetrueaboutaparasocialrelationship.”28.Whichaspectofparasocialrelationshipsdoesparagraph2talkabout?ATheirfeatures. B.Theirdevelopment.C.Theirforms. D.Theirinfluence.29.Howhassocialmediachangedparasocialrelationships?A.Mostonlineusersareadolescents.B.Fanscanmeetcelebritiesinperson.C.PSRsbecomemorecommonamongfans.D.Fanscaninteractwithcelebritiesonline.30.WhydoesStevermentiontheechochambereffectinherbook?A.Toexplainhowbehaviorspreadsinonlinefandoms.B.Toprovethatfansareeasilypersuadedbyothers.C.Toillustratethereasonswhyfans’actionsareright.D.TostressthefactthatStever’sbookisimportant.31.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsparasocialrelationships?A.Approving. B.Negative. C.Unclear. D.Objective.【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拟社会关系（parasocialrelationships）的定义、起源、发展、影响及特点，指出拟社会关系并不固有地不健康，但也要认识到其可能带来的问题。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Theterm‘parasocialrelationships’firstappearedinthe1950s,whenpsychologiststriedtounderstandhowtelevisionviewersreactedtoTVpersonalitiesspeakingtothemdirectlyoutofthescreen.(拟社会关系一词最早出现在20世纪50年代，当时心理学家试图了解电视观众是如何对电视人物直接从屏幕上与他们交谈做出反应的。)”可知，第二段首先讲述拟社会关系的起源，然后从文中“Laterinthe70sand80s,scholarsbegantoassumethatformingparasocialrelationshipswasdrivenbyloneliness.However,not-lonelypeoplearejustaslikelytoformaconnectionwiththatpersononthescreen.Asfandoms（粉丝圈）becamemorevisiblethroughoutthelatterhalfofthe20thcentury,parasocialrelationshipsbecameassociatedwithyouthandimmaturity.(在70年代和80年代后期，学者们开始认为形成反社会关系是由孤独驱使的。然而，不孤独的人同样有可能在屏幕上与那个人建立联系。随着粉丝圈在20世纪后半叶变得更加明显，拟社会关系与年轻和不成熟联系在一起。)”可知，接着讲述其随时间的推移而发展的情况。由此可知，第二段主要讲拟社会关系的发展。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sincetheriseofsocialmedia,thephenomenonofparasocialrelationshipshasbeenhugelyamplified（放大）.ThetraditionalarrangementofPSRs,wherethefanhasnoactualcontactwithacelebrity,isvisiblychangedbyournewmeansofcommunication—acelebritymightseeafan’smessageorevenreply.(自从社交媒体兴起以来，超社会关系现象被极大地放大了。传统的拟社会关系，即粉丝与名人没有实际接触，由于我们新的沟通方式而发生了明显的变化——名人可能会看到粉丝的信息，甚至回复。)”可知，社交媒体改变了拟社会关系，粉丝可以在线与名人互动。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Whenfansaregainingaccesstothecelebritythroughsocialmediaposts,itincreasesthefeelingofcloseness.Peoplethinktheyreallyhavemoreofarelationshipthantheydo.Onlinefandoms,especiallylargeonesfullofadolescentswithstrongemotionscangeneratebadbehavioramongadults.Behaviorthatmighthavebeenlimitedtoonepersonorafewpeoplemightbe,thankstosocialmedia,giventhechancetospread.(当粉丝通过社交媒体帖子接触到这位名人时，会增加亲密感。人们认为他们真的有比他们更多的关系。网络粉丝，尤其是那些充满强烈情绪的青少年的大型粉丝群，会在成年人中产生不良行为。由于社交媒体，可能仅限于一个人或几个人的行为可能会有机会传播。)”可知，这部分内容提到了社交媒体使粉丝行为传播地更快，另外根据本段最后一句“‘There’sasortofechochambereffectwherepeopleconvincethemselves,‘everyoneagreeswithmeandthereforeweareallrightinourapproach,’saysGayleStever,theauthorofParasocialExperiences.(拟社会经历一书的作者盖尔·斯特弗说:“有一种回声室效应，人们说服自己，‘每个人都同意我的看法，所以我们的方法是正确的。’)”可知，斯特弗在书中提到回声室效应是为了解释在线粉丝群体中行为是如何传播的。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Parasocialrelationshipsarenaturalandnotinherentlyunhealthy.ButasSteversays,‘Anythingthatcanbetrueaboutaregularsocialrelationshipcanbetrueaboutaparasocialrelationship.’(拟社会关系是自然的，并非天生不健康。但正如Stever所说，“任何关于常规社会关系的事实都可能是关于拟社会关系的。”)”可知，作者对拟社会关系持客观态度，认为其并不固有地不健康，但也要认识到其可能带来的问题。故选D项。DThehumanmindisaremarkabledevice.However,itisnotwithoutlimits,whichhastodowithourbrain’sexecutive(执行的)function.Imaginethatyouarefacingaverydifficultdecisionaboutwhichoftwojobofferstoaccept.Onepositionoffersgoodpaybutisprettyboringwhiletheotherjobisreallyinterestingbutthepayisnotideal.Clearlyyoucansolvethisprobleminmanyways.Fewpeople,however,knowthatyoumightchoosethewrongjobbecauseyouresistedtheurgetoeatapieceofcakebeforeconsideringthejoboffers.Unrelatedactivitiescanexhaust(消耗)theexecutivefunctionanddisturbyourabilitytomakeanimportantdecision.It’slongbeenrecognizedthatchallengingcognitive(认知的)taskscanmakeithardertofocuslateron.Butrecentresearchsuggeststhatthesementalactivitiesmaybemuchbroader.Onestudyfoundthatparticipantswhomadechoicesinashopweremorelikelytodelaypreparingforanimportanttest.Insteadofstudying,these“tired”mindsengagedinotherleisureactivities.Whyismakingadecisionsotough?Onetheorysuggeststhatwhenyouswitchfromthinkingaboutoptionstoactuallymakingadecision,thisswitchrequiresexecutiveresources.Otherstudiesshowthatmakingchoicesitselfmaybetaxing.Forexample,inonestudy,thescientistsshowthatpeoplewhohadtoratetheattractivenessofdifferentoptionsweremuchlesswornoutthanthosewhohadtoactuallymakechoicesbetweentheverysameoptions.Thesefindingshaveimportantreal-worldsignificance.Ourbrainworkslikeamuscle:whenexhausted,itbecomeslesseffective.Furthermore,weshouldtakethisknowledgeintoaccountwhenmakingdecisions.Ifwe’vejustspentlotsoftimefocusingonaparticulartask,orevenifwe’vejustmadelotsofseeminglyminorchoices,thenweprobablyshouldn’ttrytomakeamajordecision.Theseharmfuleffectsfromatiredbrainmayhaveastrongshapingeffectonourlives.32.Accordingtothetext,whatmaymakeyouchoosethewrongjob?A.Bothjobsareequallyappealing. B.Youdidn’teatthecake.C.Therearetoomanysolutions. D.Yourbrainistiredout.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“taxing”inparagraph4mean?A.Confusing. B.Tiring. C.Scaring. D.Disappointing.34.Whatdoestheauthorsuggest?A.Trainthebrainlikeexercisingmuscles.B.Spendlesstimeonmakingsmallchoices.C.Makevitalchoiceswitharefreshedbrain.D.Avoidconcentratingonataskfortoolong.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ToughChoices. B.MentalFunction.C.FactsoftheBrain. D.StudiesofJobs.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文探讨了大脑的执行功能对决策能力的影响，指出无关活动会消耗执行功能并干扰重要决策，大脑像肌肉一样会疲劳，因此在做出重要决策时应考虑这一点。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Fewpeople,however,knowthatyoumightchoosethewrongjobbecauseyouresistedtheurgetoeatapieceofcakebeforeconsideringthejoboffers.(然而，很少有人知道，你可能会因为在考虑工作机会之前忍住了吃一块蛋糕的冲动而选择了错误的工作。)”和第三段“Unrelatedactivitiescanexhaust(消耗)theexecutivefunctionanddisturbyourabilitytomakeanimportantdecision.(无关的活动会耗尽执行功能，并干扰你做出重要决定的能力。)”可知，无关的活动会消耗大脑的执行功能，从而干扰做出重要决定的能力，可能会因此选择错误的工作，即大脑累了可能会让你选择错误的工作。故选D项。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Whenyouswitchfromthinkingaboutoptionstoactuallymakingadecision,thisswitchrequiresexecutiveresources.(当你从思考选项转向实际做出决定时，这种转换需要执行资源。)”可推知，做出选择本身可能是需要花费精力，是令人疲倦的。taxing意为“令人疲惫的”。故选B项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Furthermore,weshouldtakethisknowledgeintoaccountwhenmakingdecisions.Ifwe’vejustspentlotsoftimefocusingonaparticulartask,orevenifwe’vejustmadelotsofseeminglyminorchoices,thenweprobablyshouldn’ttrytomakeamajordecision.(此外，我们在做决定时应该考虑到这一点。如果我们刚刚花了很多时间专注于一项特定的任务，或者即使我们刚刚做出了很多看似微不足道的选择，那么我们可能就不应该试图做出一个重大的决定。)”可知，作者建议我们在大脑清醒的时候做出重要的决定。故选C项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Thehumanmindisaremarkabledevice.However,itisnotwithoutlimits,whichhastodowithourbrain’sexecutive(执行的)function.(人类的大脑是一个非凡的器官。然而，它并非没有极限，这与我们大脑的执行功能有关。)”可知，本文主要讲的是大脑的执行功能对做艰难选择的影响。由此可知，A选项“艰难的抉择”最能概括全文内容。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youmayhavenoticedmanypeoplewearingasquareorrounddeviceontheirupperarmsthissummer.Thissmalldeviceiscalledcontinuousglucosemonitor(CGM）,intendedtohelppeoplewithdiabetes(糖尿病)keeptrackofandcontroltheirbloodsugarlevels.CGMsusedtobeavailableonlyonprescription(处方).____36____Theycanmonitorbloodsugarlevelsbywearingone.CGMshavetinysensorsthatareplacedjustundertheskin.Thesesensorsconstantlymonitorwearers’bloodsugarlevel.____37____Someofthemonitorsareevenconnectedtoinsulinpumps(胰岛素泵)thatdotheworkautomatically.PuttingCGMsavailableonthemarketisanewthing.____38____Butthere’shopethatthemonitorswillbebeneficialfornondiabeticsaswell,includingpeopletakingmedicationsthatcanraisebloodsugar.Besides,manyhealthypeoplealsowanttochecktheirbloodsugarthewaytheychecktheirbloodpressure.____39____Whilethereisonlyonetypeofmonitoronthemarketnow,surelyotherswillfollow.However,there’snoevidencethathealthypeoplecanmakethebestuseofCGMforpeakhealth.Sincenormalbloodsugarchangesduringtheday,someonecouldmisreadatemporarilyloworhighreadingasdangerous.____40____A.Theresultissenttoauser’ssmartphone.B.Sothere’slittledatatoconfirmthebenefits.C.Atpresent,peoplecanbuyCGMsinanydrugstore.D.WithCGMs,patientscanexaminebloodsugarlevelsbythemselves.E.ManycompanieshavemotivationtopromoteCGMstothesepeople.F.DoctorshavelongfelthealthypeoplecouldalsobenefitfromCGMs.G.It’sbettertointerpretthemonitor’sinformationundertheguidanceofadoctor.【答案】36.C37.A38.B39.E40.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了连续血糖监测仪（CGM）的作用、使用方式、市场情况以及对于非糖尿病患者和健康人群的潜在影响。【36题详解】上文“Thissmalldeviceiscalledcontinuousglucosemonitor(CGM),intendedtohelppeoplewithdiabetes(糖尿病）keeptrackofandcontroltheirbloodsugarlevels.CGMsusedtobeavailableonlyonprescription(处方).(这种小型设备被称为连续血糖监测仪（CGM），旨在帮助糖尿病患者跟踪和控制血糖水平。)”提到连续血糖监测仪以前只能凭处方购买，C项（目前，人们可以在任何药店买到CGM。）进一步论述，说明现在人们可以在任何药店购买CGM，并且C项中的Atpresent与上文的usedtobe形成对比。故选C。【37题详解】上文“CGMshavetinysensorsthatareplacedjustundertheskin.Thesesensorsconstantlymonitorwearers’bloodsugarlevel.(CGMs具有放置在皮肤下的微小传感器。这些传感器持续监测佩戴者的血糖水平。)”提到CGM的传感器不断监测佩戴者的血糖水平，A项（结果会发送到用户的智能手机上）进一步解释CGM监测到的血糖结果会直接发送到用户的智能手机上，语义衔接紧密，且C项中的Theresult指代上文提到的血糖水平监测结果。故选A。【38题详解】上文“PuttingCGMsavailableonthemarketisanewthing.(将CGM推向市场是一件新鲜事。)”提到把CGM投入市场是新鲜事，B项（所以几乎没有数据可以证实这些好处。）中的So表示因