2022年广东省广州市八校联考高二下学期期中考试英语

2021-2022学年广东省广州市八校联考高二下学期期中考试英语试题满分120分，考试用时120分钟。1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目填写在规定的位置上。2．第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3．第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不得使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带和其他笔。第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANewScienceBooksinBriefVolumeControlByDavidOwen||$18.23“Foradeafchild,havinghearingparentscanbeaseriousdisadvantage,"notesOweninthissensitivestudyofhearing.Hesuffersfromtinnitus.Combiningthesciencewithindividualexperiences,Owendiscusseshearingaids,signlanguage,ThomasEdisonandnoiselevelsinUScities—allinabsorbingdetail.RealityAheadofScheduleByJoelLevy||$29.04Thispicture-packedbooktoursscientificadvancessparkedbyideasinsciencefiction.Forexample,LevyshowshowH.G.Wells?s1903storyTheLandIroncladsinspiredWinstonChurchilltopromotethedevelopmentofthemilitarytank.Thetitlecomesfromadefinitionofsci-fibySydneyMead,anindustrialdesignerwidelyknownforhisdesignsforscience-fictionfilms.JetStreamByTimWoollings||$32.95Thejetstreamwasdiscoveredinthe1920s.Inthisanalysisofitscomplexinfluenceonweather,WoollingsrelateshowtheJapaneseusedthejetstreamtolaunchtrans—Pacificballoonsin1944.Today,thejetstreamisverylikelytobethreatenedbyanotherproductofhumanactivity:risingcarbondioxideemissions.AdventuresofaComputationalExplorerByStephenWolfram||$22.46StephenWolfram,designerofthetechnical-computingsystemMathematica,offersgoodstoriesinthiscollectionofbiographicalessays.Forexample,herecallshimselfasasix-year-oldspottingabitetakenoutofthesun:asolareclipse,somethingunknowntotheotherchildren.1.WhatcanwelearnfromVolumeControl?A.Thescienceofhearing. B.Practicalwaystocuretinnitus.C.ThomasEdison'sgreatinventions. D.WinstonChurchill'sgreatachievements.2.WhoprovidedinspirationforthetitleofRealityAheadofSchedule?A.JoelLevy. B.H.G.Wells.C.SydneyMead. D.TimWoollings.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyouwantabookcompletelymadeupofrealstories?A.$18.23. B.$22.46. C.$29.04. D.$32.95.BThedefinitionofcommunityhasevolved(升华)formefromchildhoodtotheyoungadultIamnow.MymomwasborninAmericabutbothherparentswerefromtheBahamas.Itwastheirculturetotakecareoftheelderlyandthesick.Andmymomhastaughtmetobecaringtothosearoundusbecausewe'reallapartofthe"community",anextensionoffamily.WhenIwas9yearsold,myfamilymovedtoCapeCoral,Florida.Bothmomanddadworkedfull-time,sotheyregisteredmetoattendanafter-schoolprogramattheYouthCenter.Youthcounselors(辅导员)wouldhelpmewithmyhomeworkandplaygameswithmeandthiswaswheremyinteresttookroot.CommunityservicestartedwithmegivingbackattheYouthCenter.Thenillnessstruckathome.Mygrandmotherhadtohaveheartsurgeryandneededhospitaltreatment.ThisexperiencebroughtmetovolunteeratCapeCoralHospital.IaskedifIcouldlearnfromthenursehowtogivemygrandmahermedicineanditstartedhere.IlovedbeingatCapeCoralHospital.Iwouldbringpaperworktootherdoctors,bringfoodtothepatients,andmakesurethepatientswereattended.Iwouldhelpdirectvisitorstoseepatients.IwouldalwaystellwhatwouldcheerthepatientsupbecauseIhadbuiltarelationshipwiththemandtheirlovedones.Igrewtofeelthehospitalwasapartofmycommunity.AftervolunteeringattheYouthCenterandattheHospital,I'velearnedthatpeoplebecomesortofanextendedfamilywhenyoucareaboutthem.NowIammoreconsiderateofthoseclosetome,neighborsandevenstrangerswhosharemyresources.4.Whomightbethefirsttoexposetheauthortothesenseofcommunity?A.CounselorsattheYouthCenter.B.NursesatCapeCoralHospital.C.Hergrandparents.D.Hermother.5.Whydidtheauthor'sparentssendhertotheYouthCenter?A.Theyweretoobusytotakecareofher.B.Theywantedhertodocommunityservice.C.Theauthorcouldn'tfinishherhomeworkonherown.D.Becomingacounselorwastheauthor'schildhooddream.6.WhatdidtheauthorvolunteertodofirstatCapeCoralHospital?A.Cheerthepatientsup.B.Bringfoodtothepatients.C.Helpdirectvisitorstoseepatients.D.Servemedicinetohergrandmother.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ILoveVolunteering B.CommunityIsFamilyC.MyVolunteerExperiences D.MyCommunityandMyFamilyCAsspringarrives,farmersaroundtheworldaremakingdecisionsaboutwhatcropstoplantandhowtomanagethem.IntheU.S.,farmerstypicallyhavebigdatatohelpmakethesedecisions.Thesedatahaveaclearupside.Theymakefarmsmoreproductive.IntheU.S.,thepastfiveyearshaveseenaseriesofgoodharvestsforbothcomandsoybean.Abigpartisgeneratedbyeffectivelyusingdatatoproducemorefoodfromthesameamountofland,seedandfertilizer.Inthepoorerpartsoftheworld,however,thepictureismuchdifferent.Manyfarmersareguidedonlybytheirhistorywiththelandandtheircommunity'straditions.Theirskillsandknowledgeareimpressive,buttheysufferfromapovertyofdata.Theyrelyontechnicaladvisorsforadvicefromgovernmentsandacademiccenterswhooftenhaveverylittleknowledgeofthelocalarea.Forseedsandfertilizersandothermaterialsusedinthefield,theyrelyoncompaniesthatlackdataonhowtheirproductswillperforminthelocalconditions.About10yearsago,EastAfricanofficialsandtheirdevelopmentpartnersstartedtoexplorewhysofewsmallholderdairyfarmersmadeprofitsfromgrowingdemandfromurbanconsumers.Surveysoffarmersintheregionsuggestedpooraccesstoveterinary(禽畜的)careandbreedingassistance.Anefforttoprovidetheseserviceshashelpedfarmersgetmoremilk.Datawouldmatterlittleiffarmingwaseasyandthepathstoproductivitywereobvious.Butinreality,agricultureisacomplexmixofmanyfactors,includingclimate,biology,chemistry,physics,economicsandculture—allofwhichvaryfromregiontoregion.Inthissituation,gooddataisnecessary.8.HowhasbigdatabenefitedAmerican'sfarmers?A.Byinformingthefarmerstoplantcropsearlier. B.Byhelpingmakefarmsmoreproductive.C.Byincreasingtheamountoflandforfarming. D.Byproducingmoreseedsandfertilizer.9.Whatdofarmersinpoorcountriesneedtoimprovetheirfarming?A.Farmingskills. B.Technicalguidance.C.Bigdata. D.Farmingmaterials10.WhydoesthewritermentionthecaseofEastAfrica?A.ToshowthatEastAfricareliesheavilyondiaryfarming.B.Toillustratecooperationbetweencountrieswasagreatsuccess.C.Toserveasanexampleofhowdatahelpsfarmersinpoorareas.D.ToprovethatcitypeopleinEastAfricadidn'tlikedrinkingmilk.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Manychangeablefactorshaveinfluenceonfarming.B.EastAfricandairyfarmerswereexperiencedinraisingcows.C.TheAmericanfarmerscan'tdecidewhattheywillplant.D.Thetechnicaladvisorsinpoorareasknowthelocalareaswell.DSmile!Itmakeseveryoneintheroomfeelbetterbecausethey,consciouslyorunconsciously,aresmilingwithyou.Growingevidenceshowsthataninstinctforfacialmimicry(模仿)allowsustoexperienceotherpeople'sfeelings.Ifwecan'tmirroranotherperson'sface,itlimitsourabilitytoreadandproperlyreacttotheirexpressions.AreviewofthisemotionalmirroringappearsonFebruary11inTrendsinCognitiveSciences.Intheirpaper,PaulaNiedenthalandAdrienneWood,socialpsychologistsattheUniversityofWisconsin,describehowpeopleinsocialsituationscopyothers'facialexpressionstocreateemotionalresponsesinthemselves.Forexample,ifyou'rewithafriendwholookssad,youmight"tryon"thatsadfaceyourselfwithoutrealizingyou'redoingso.In"tryingon"yourfriend'sexpression,ithelpsyoutorecognizewhatthey'refeelingbyconnectingitwithtimesinthepastwhenyoumadethatexpression.Humansgetthisemotionalmeaningfromfacialexpressionsinamatterofonlyafewhundredmilliseconds."Youreflectonyouremotionalfeelingsandthenyouproducesomesortofrecognitionjudgment,andthemostimportantthingthatresultsinisthatyoutaketheappropriateaction—youapproachthepersonoryouavoidtheperson,"Niedenthalsays."Yourownemotionalreactiontothefacechangesyourunderstandingofhowyouseethefaceinsuchawaythatprovidesyouwithmoreinformationaboutwhatitmeans."Aperson'sabilitytorecognizeand"share"others'emotionscanbepreventedwhentheycan'tmimicfaces.Thisisacommoncomplaintforpeoplewithmotordiseases,likefacialparalysis(瘫痪)fromastroke,orevenduetonervedamagefromplasticsurgery.Niedenthalnotesthatthesamewouldnotbetrueforpeoplewhosufferfrombirth,becauseifyou'veneverhadtheabilitytomimicfacialexpressions,youwillhavedevelopedanotherwaysofinterpretingemotions.Niedenthalnextwantstoexplorewhatpartinthebrainisfunctioningtohelpwithfacialexpressionrecognition.Abetterunderstandingofthatpart,shesays,willgiveusabetterideaofhowtotreatrelateddisorders.12.Accordingtothepassage,facialmimicryhelps_________A.conveyone'sownfeelingsclearlyB.changeothers'emotionsquicklyC.respondtoothers'expressionsproperlyD.developfriendshipwithotherseasily13.Whichpartsexplainhowpeoplecopyothers'facialexpressions?A.Paragraph1and2.B.Paragraph2and3.C.Paragraph3and4.D.Paragraph4and5.14.AccordingtoNiedenthal,whatwillbethenextfocusofthestudy?A.Whenisthebesttimetotreatbraindisorders.B.Howmanykindsoffacialexpressionspeoplehave.C.Howourbrainhelpsuswithemotionalmirroring.D.Whatpartinthebrainhelpsrecognizefacialexpressions.15.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?ATodiscusswhypeoplelikesmilingtoothers.B.Todrawpeople'sattentiontothosewithmotordiseases.C.Tointroduceanewtrendinfacialexpressionrecognition.D.Toexplainhowpeoplemirrorothers'facialexpressions.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou'vebeenfeelingalotsleepyinyourdailylife,herearesometipstopickingupyourenergylevels.Butfirst,youshouldmakesureifyou'reexperiencingsomeseriousillnesses.___16___,keepthesetipsinmind.Thefirstrecommendationistoexercise.Althoughitmayseemdifficulttoworkoutwhenyou'retired,itturnsoutthatphysicalactivitycanactuallygiveyoumoreenergy.Thesecondthingtoworkonistogotosleepearlyenoughtogetafullnight'ssleep,preferablysothatyouwakeupnaturallywithouttheneedforyouralarm.____17____.Thus,anotherusefultipistotakeanapduringtheafternoon.Napscanrestoreyourmindandbodywithouttakinguptoomuchtime,regainingyourenergyandraisingworkingefficiency.Thebestlengthoftimeforanapisabout20minutes.Shorter,andyouwon'tgetmuchoutofit.___18___.___19___.Drinkingplentyofwaterandfluidsthroughoutthedayisoneimportantwaytostayenergized,sincedehydration(脱水)leavesusinlowsprits.Someexpertssaythateatingsmallermealsmoreoftenthroughoutthedaycanhelpmaintainenergyandbalancebloodsugarlevels.Beawarealsothatpeoplewhoareoverweightaremorelikelytoexperiencetirednesseasily.___20___,reducingextraweightcouldhelpyougainmoreenergy.A.Ifyou'reoverweightB.IfyoufeeluncomfortableC.Asyouknow,itisquiteagoodhabitD.However,thisgoalishardtoachieveinpracticeE.longer,andyoumayfindithardertosleepatnightF.Ifyou'reotherwisehealthybutjustneedsomeextraenergyG.Otherwaystoincreaseenergyinvolveourdietandconsumption第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myjourneytoisolation(隔离)wassomewhataccidental.Isawanadvertisementforajobasaleaderforanexpedition(探险)toAntarctica-andIhaveto____21____itwasthepenguinintheadthat____22____myattention.Theadnotedthattheywerelookingforsomeonetoleada____23____ofexpeditionersinoneofthemost____24____andisolatedplacesontheplanet.Itookpartinan____25____andthengotajobthatIknewIwouldregretifIdidn’t____26____it.Leading18strangersforafullyear-throughmonthsofdarknessandwithno____27____fromthefreezingcold-----Ilearnedsome____28____lessons.Afterthejourney,Iwrotetwobest-sellingbooksandbecameamotivationalspeaker.BeinginisolationmeantIhadtodolotsofself____29____.Ikepta_____30_____,andeverydayIwouldthink_____31_____ofhowIhadoperatedasaleader.Thatdisciplineof_____32_____myselftaughtmehowtotellrightfromwrong.Ioftenthinkbackto_____33_____Isawthepictureofthepenguinthat_____34_____metolookattheadforthejob.It’samomentthat_____35_____mylifecompletely.21.A.admit B.believe C.indicate D.realize22.A.demanded B.deserved C.caught D.needed23.A.flood B.couple C.team D.handful24.A.awful B.remote C.promising D.disturbing25.A.experiment B.interview C.election D.investigation26.A.makefor B.preparefor C.registerfor D.gofor27.A.escape B.departure C.protection D.defence28.A.hard B.powerful C.private D.terrible29.A.service B.repair C.study D.reflection30A.pet B.secret C.journal D.promise31.A.clearly B.carefully C.highly D.badly32.A.evaluating B.forgiving C.behaving D.enjoying33.A.where B.why C.when D.how34.A.enabled B.permitted C.allowed D.inspired35.A.improved B.formed C.ended D.changed第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Differentplaceshavedifferentclimates.Adesert,forexample,____36____(refer)toasadryclimatebecauselittlewaterfallsduringtheyear.Inpolarregions,however,risingglobaltemperatures___37___(associate)withclimatechangemeanthaticesheetsandglaciersaremeltingatanacceleratedratefromseasontoseason.Thiscontributestosealevelrisein___38___(difference)regionsoftheplanet.Togetherwithexpandingoceanwatersduetorisingtemperatures,theriseinsealevelhasbeguntodamagecoastlines___39___aresultofincreasingflooding.Thecauseofcurrentclimatechangeislargelyhumanactivities,likeburningfossilfuels,___40___includenaturalgas,oil,andcoal.Burningthesematerials___41___(release)greenhousegasesintotheEarth’satmosphere.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun'sraysinsidetheatmosphere,___42___(cause)theEarth'saveragetemperaturetorise.Thewarmingoftheplanetimpactslocaland____43____(region)climates.ThroughouttheEarth'shistory,climatehas___44___(continual)changed.Whenoccurringnaturally,thisis___45___slowprocessthathastakenplaceoverhundredsorthousandsofyears.Thehumaninfluencedclimatechangethatishappeningnowisoccurringatamuchfasterrate.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，正在英国Hogwarts高中交流学习，下周学业结束即将回国。请你写一篇发言稿在班里做一个简短的演讲，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2.你的收获；3.你的期望。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。发言稿的开头已经给出。Goodmorning,everyoneinHogwartshighschool._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwaslittle,Ilivedinahousewithabeautifulgardenfullofallkindsofflowers,androseswerethemostbeautifulofthem.TherewasnothingIenjoyedmorethansittinginthegardenwithmymotherasshereadstoriestome.WhenIwasinprimaryschoolandoldenoughtoread,Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloudtoher.IwillneverforgetonedaywhenIwasinthethirdgrade.Ihadbeenpickedtobetheprincessintheschoolplay,andforweeksmymotherhadrehearsed(排练)mylinessohardwithme.ButnomatterhoweasilyIactedathome,assoonasIsteppedonstage,everyworddisappearedfrommyhead.Finally,myteachertookmeaside.Sheexplainedthatshehadwrittenanarrator’s(旁白、解说员)parttotheplay,andaskedmetochangeroles.Herword,kindlyexpressed,stillhurt,especiallywhenIsawmypartgotoanothergirl.Ididn'ttellmymotherwhathadhappenedwhenIwenthomeafterschoolthatday.Butshesensedmypain.Insteadofsuggestingwepracticemylines,sheaskedifIwantedtotakeawalkinthegarden.ItwasMayandroseswereblossomingand,underthetrees,wecouldalsoseeyellowdandelions(蒲公英)inthegrass,asifapainterhadpaintedourgardenwithred,yellowandgreen.Iwatchedmymothercasuallybenddownbyonedandelion.“IthinkI'mgoingtodigupalltheseweeds,”shesaid,pullingitupbyitsroots.“Fromnowon,we'llhaveonlyrosesinthisgarden.”“ButIlikedandelions,”Iprotested.“Allflowersarebeautiful——evendandelions.”Mymotherlookedatmeseriously.“Yes,everyflowerisbeautifulinitsownway,isn’tit?”Sheaskedthoughtfully.Inodded,pleasedthatIhadwonherover.“Andthatistrueofpeopletoo,”sheadded.“Noteveryonecanbeaprincess,butthereisnoshameinthat.”Relievedthatshehadguessedmypain,IstartedtocryasItoldherwhathadhappened.Shelistenedandsmiledreassuringly.注意：1.续写词数应150左右；2.请按如下格式作答“Butyouwillbeabeautifulnarrator,”shesaid,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aftertheplay,Itookhometheflower.英语·参考答案1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10A C B D A D B B C C11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20A C B D D F D E G A21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30A C C B B D A B D C31 32 33 34 35 B A C D D 第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)36.isreferred 37.associated 38.different 39.as 40.which41.releases 42.causing 43.regional 44.continually 45.a第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节（满分15分）Goodmorning,everyoneinHogwartshighschool.Iregrettotellyouthatmystayhereiscomingtoanendnextweek.BeforegoingbacktoChina,IwantyoutoknowhowmuchIappreciateyourgeneroushelpandhowmuchIvaluethefriendshipformedbetweenus,bothofwhichhavemademystayanexperiencetoberememberedforever.YetfriendshipisnottheonlythingI’vegained.I’velearnedsomuchaboutEnglishcultureaswellasimprovedmyspokenEnglish.Look!WhatanicespeechI’mmaking!Finally,IwishyoucanvisitChinaandlearnmoreaboutChineseculturesometime.第二节（满分25分）Onepossibleversion:“Butyouwillbeabeautifulnarrator,”shesaid,remindingmehowmuchIlovedtoreadstoriesaloudtoher.“Thenarrator'spartisjustasimportantasthepartofaprincess.”Herwisewordsinspiredmewithcourageandconfidence.Butontheeveningoftheperformance,Isuddenlyfeltnervousbackstageagain.Myteachercameovertome.“Yourmotheraskedmetogiveyouthis,”shesaid,handingmeadandelion.Lookingatit,Iknewmymotherwasoutthereforme,whichcalmedmedown.Aftertheplay,Itookhometheflower.Mymothermadeitintoadriedflowerandputitintoaglassbottle.EverytimeIseeit,Iamremindedofthisunforgettableexperience.Ihavetakenpartinmanyschoolplays,trieddifferentrolesandmademanyspeecheseversin