高考英语总复习-专题十三-特殊句式-市赛课公开课一等奖省课获奖课件

专题十三特殊句式1/29-2-考点一考点二一二三四五六一、倒装1.表示时间、地点、方位和动作转移副词,如:there,here,now,then,up,down,out,in,away位于句首,句子谓语是go,come,run等不及物动词,可将谓语全部置于主语之前。但主语是人称代词时,不倒装。Thereremains

the

possibilitythatmistakeshavebeenmade.依然有已经犯错可能。(·天津)Thencame

the

final

awards

ceremonyattheendoftheyear.然后年底最终颁奖仪式随之而来。2/29-3-考点一考点二一二三四五六2.当句首状语为表示地点介词短语时,也常惯用全部倒装。(·全国乙)Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient.盒子里装是病人急需干细胞。3.such做表语置于句首时,也常惯用全部倒装。Suchwas

Einstein,asimplemanbutagreatscientist.这就是爱因斯坦,一位朴实而又伟大科学家。3/29-4-考点一考点二一二三四五六4.表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。(1)形容词+连系动词+主语Presentatthemeetingwere

some

experts.到会是一些教授。(2)过去分词+连系动词+主语Gone

are

the

dayswhenwewalkedtowork.我们步行上班时代一去不复返了。(3)介词短语+连系动词+主语Amongthegoodsare

flowers,candles

and

toys.货物中有花、蜡烛和玩具。4/29-5-考点一考点二一二三四五六1.句子以never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely等表示否定意义副词以及bynomeans,notuntil,notonly,notaword,notasingle,onnocondition,innocase等表示否定意义词组开头,要用部分倒装语序。Never

will

he

comebacktothefactory.他永远也不会回到这家工厂了。(·纲领全国)Not

only

do

the

nurses

wantapayincrease,theywantreducedhoursaswell.护士们不但想要增加酬劳,她们也想要降低工作时间。2.当句子用so,nor,neither开头,说明前面一句话中情况也适合用于另外一些人或物时,主语和谓语部分倒装。TomlikesEnglish,andso

do

I.汤姆喜欢英语,我也喜欢英语。5/29-6-考点一考点二一二三四五六3.在so/such...that引导结果状语从句中,为了强调,把so/such提到句首时,主谓要倒装。So

moved

was

shethatshecouldnotsayaword.她感动得一句话都说不出来。So

fast

does

he

runthatheisfaraheadofothers.他跑得那么快以至于远远超出了其它人。4.as/though引导让步状语从句时句子要用倒装语序,即要将从句中表语、状语或从句中动词提到as/though前面。在as/though引导让步状语从句中,做表语单数可数名词前不用加任何冠词。Child

as

he

is,heknowsalot.尽管他是个孩子,但他知道很多。6/29-7-考点一考点二一二三四五六5.在省略if虚拟条件句中,were,had或should要提到句首组成倒装。Had

you

comeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhaveseenhim.假如你早来几分钟,你就能看见他了。6.当only所修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时,采取部分倒装形式。要注意“only+主语”用在句首时不倒装。(·全国甲)Only

afterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMsGarzafinallysayyes.直到经过一年友好协商后,Garza夫人才最终同意了。Only

you

can

helpme.只有你能帮助我。7/29-8-考点一考点二一二三四五六7.用于一些表示祝福句子。May

you

succeed!祝你成功!8.neither...nor...连接两个并列分句时,这两个分句都要用倒装形式。Neither

do

I

knowit,nor

do

I

careaboutit.我既不知道这件事,也不关心这件事。8/29-9-一二三四五六考点一考点二二、省略1.单独使用不定式符号to代替不定式后被省略动词,惯用在beafraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,wish等词后;或放在表情绪词后,代替被省略动词,常见词有glad,happy,pleased等;不过,假如不定式中含有be,have,havebeen,则不应省略。(·课标全国Ⅰ)Thedriverwantedtoparkhiscarneartheroadsidebutwasaskedbythepolicenot

to.那个司机想在路边停车,不过警察不让(他停在那儿)。9/29-10-一二三四五六考点一考点二Heisnotalawyernow,butheused

to

be.他现在已不是律师了,但他曾经是。Yourworkhasn’tbeenhandedin,butitoughtto

have

been.你作业还没交,但早该上交了。10/29-11-一二三四五六考点一考点二2.感官动词或使役动词(feel,notice,see,hear,let,make,have等)后接不定式做宾语补足语时常省略to。Iheardmyfathersinginthekitchen.我听见父亲在厨房里唱歌。3.在由and或or连接并列不定式结构中常省略后面to。Iwanttofinishmyhomeworkandgohome.我想完成作业然后回家。4.在donothingbut,can’thelpbut,whynot,wouldrather...than...,hadbetter等句型中省略to。Thelittleboycoulddonothingbut

cry.小男孩只能哭,别无他法。11/29-12-一二三四五六考点一考点二1.在由when,while,if,asif,although/though,as,until,once,whether,when,where等引导状语从句中,当状语从句主语和主句主语一致且从句谓语含有be时,可省略状语从句主语和be。(·四川改编)As

shownhere,Laineycanbecomeexcitedaboutreadingwhenpresentedwithliteratureontopicsthatinteresther.当他人赠予Lainey令她感兴趣文学作品时,她会因阅读而兴奋起来。12/29-13-一二三四五六考点一考点二2.当从句主语是it,谓语动词是be动词时,能够把it和be一起省略。此时组成“连词+形容词”结构。Though(it

was)cold,hestillworeashirt.尽管天冷,但他依然穿着一件衬衣。(·10浙江)If

successful,theelectricbicyclemealprogrammewillbespreadtoallCrownePlazahotelsintheUK.假如成功了,骑单车发电计划将普及到英国全部皇冠假日酒店。3.在ifso/not省略句式中,用so/not代替上文内容。Getupearlytomorrow.If

not(=Ifyoudon’tgetupearlytomorrow),youwillmisstheearlybus.明天早点起床,不然话,你就会错过早班车。13/29-14-一二三四五六考点一考点二考点三三、强调强调句基本组成为:Itis/was+被强调部分+who/that+其它成份。被强调部分指人时,可用who或that;被强调部分指物时,用that。如:(·北京)“It’stheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecial.”shesays.她说:“正是大海使得Rockaway如此尤其。”It

washisbestsuitthatJohnworetothedancelastnight.约翰昨晚穿着他最好一套衣服去参加舞会。14/29-15-一二三四五六考点一考点二考点三强调句普通疑问句形式为

“Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who+其它成份”;特殊疑问句形式为“特殊疑问词+is/wasit+that/who+其它成份”。Was

itinhighschoolthatyoubeganplayingbasketball?你是不是在高中时候开始打篮球?Where

was

it

thatyouputyourmobilephoneaftercomingback?你回来之后把手机放在什么地方了?15/29-16-一二三四五六考点一考点二考点三not...until...结构中状语成份在强调句型中被强调时,not与until要放在一起。(·重庆)Bachdiedin1750,butit

was

not

untiltheearly19thcenturythathismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.巴赫于1750年逝世,但直到19世纪早期他音乐才华才受到普遍认可。It

was

not

untilheremovedhissunglassesthatIrecognizedhim.直到他把太阳镜摘下来我才将其认了出来。16/29-17-一二三四五六考点一考点二四、反意疑问句1.当陈说部分带有宾语从句时,反意疑问部分主语与谓语常和主句保持一致。Hesaidthattheywouldcometomybirthdayparty,didn’t

he?他说他们要来参加我生日聚会,是吗?2.当陈说部分主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主语为第一人称时,反意疑问部分主语和谓语与宾语从句主语和谓语保持一致;当陈说部分主句主语为第二、三人称时,后面疑问部分主语和谓语与主句主语和谓语保持一致。Theydon’tbelievehewillsucceed,do

they?他们不相信他会成功,是吗?17/29-18-一二三四五六考点一考点二当陈说部分带有seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nothing,nobody等否定词时,反意疑问部分用必定形式。但带有表示否定意义前缀组成词时,其反意疑问部分用否定形式。HecouldhardlyspeakEnglish,could

he?他几乎不会说英语,是吗?Hedislikesplayingthepiano,doesn’t

he?他不喜欢弹钢琴,是吗?18/29-19-一二三四五六五、祈使句1.祈使句+and+简单句表示“假如……就……”DothatagainandI’llcallapoliceman.你再那样做我就要叫警察了。2.祈使句+or+简单句表示“……不然……”Putitdown,orI’llsmackyou.把它放下来,不然我会揍你。注意:有时名词短语能够看作是祈使句。A

few

more

minutes

andIwillfinishthework.再给我几分钟我就会完成这项工作。19/29-20-一二三四五六六、感叹句1.Whata(n)+adj.+单数名词+主语+谓语!Whataninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣故事啊!Whatahappydayitis!多么高兴一天啊!2.What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!Whatbeautifulbutterfliestheyare!多么漂亮蝴蝶啊!20/29-21-一二三四五六3.How+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+主语+谓语!Howtallaboyheis!这个男孩真高啊!4.How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!Howwellsheplays!她演奏得多好啊!21/29-22-ⅠⅡⅠ.依据语境和括号内提醒完成句子1.(·浙江改编)AndthencamethelessonI’vetakenwithmethroughmylife.2.(·天津改编)Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.解析:从句子结构可知,came组成了完全倒装,空格处应把then放于句首。解析:分析句子结构可知,“the

coach

picks

up

tourists

at

the

hotel”是一个完整句子,而此处用了强调句“It

is/was...that...”,来强调地点“at

the

hotel”。故填that。22/29-23-ⅠⅡ3.(·浙江名校新高考训练)

Poor

as

(aspoor)itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome,whereveryoumaygo.

4.(·浙江名校新高考训练)—Howwastheteleviseddebatelastnight?—Super!Rarelydid

it

attract(it,attract)somuchmediaattention.

解析:当as表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句时,从句需用倒装结构,而且将被修饰部分提到as前。解析:从第二句可知,rarely是否定副词,意为“极少”,位于句首时,其所在句子需用倒装,而且上一句时间状语为last

night,故用普通过去时。23/29-24-ⅠⅡ5.(·天津改编)IbegantolearnthiswhenIhadmycarcrashed(crash).6.(·全国甲)Iwasdelightedatthepresenceofsuchastudent.Herewas(be)anexceptionallycreativemindatwork.解析:此句中when引导时间状语从句采取了特殊结构:have

sth.done“请某人做某事,某人遭碰到……”由此可知,my

car被“撞坏”了。故用过去分词。解析:依据第二句结构可知,句首以here开头组成了完全倒装句,而且从上一句时态可知,应填was。24/29-25-ⅠⅡ7.(·江苏改编)Itmighthavesavedmesometroublehad

I

known(Iknow)theschedule.

8.(·湖南改编)Alwayskeep(keep)inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly.解析:句意:假如我提前知道日程安排,会省去不少麻烦。依据might

have

saved可知,此题表示与过去事实相反假设,所以从句用过去完成时。原句可变为:If

I

had

known

the

schedule,it

might

have

saved

me

some

trouble。解析:句意:一直记住你主要任务是使企业运转顺利。祈使句省略了第二人称you,谓语动词用原形。25/29-26-ⅠⅡ9.Don’tforget