广东省茂名市2025届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省茂名市2025届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIfyoudislikecoldweather,don’tworry.Herearesomerecommendeddestinations.MexicoMexicoisagreatdestinationforwintersun.TheYucatanPeninsulaisknownforitsbeautifulbeaches,ancientMayanruins,thrillingactivities,amazingcuisine,andbiodiversitythatyouhavetoseewithyourowneyes.SouthAfricaSouthAfricaisanothergreatwinterescape,especiallyifyou’reopentoenduringalongerflightawayfromhome.TheWesternCape,inparticular,isknownforitsbeautifulbeachesandmildtemperatures.PortugalThiscountryhassomuchtooffertravelersinthecoldermonths,frombeautifulmountainrangestosunnydaysonthebeach.EnjoyawalkthroughoneofmanypicturesquevillageslikeLisbon,Cintra,orPorto,orexploreoneofthemanynationalparksforsomeoutdooradventures.Withitslongstretchesofcoastandroughland,Portugalisanidealdestinationforthoseseekingoutdooractivitiessuchashikingandmountainbiking.ChileForgetthetraditionalsnowyscenes;Chileoffersawinterthat’sasdiverseasitslandscapes.Whileeveryoneelseyouknowiswrappedupinthickclothes,youcouldbeenjoyingasweetChileansummer.DecembertoMarchissummerintheSouthernHemisphere(半球),andChileisbathinginsunshine!1.WhatmakestheWesternCapeagoodwinterescape?A.Itslongflightdistance. B.Itsbeachesandtemperatures.C.Itscuisineandbiodiversity. D.Itsmountainrangesandsunnydays.2.Whatdothefourdestinationshaveincommon?A.Theyallhaveextremelyhotweatherinwinter.B.Theyareallwell-knownfortheirancientruins.C.Theyallofferrelativelywarmclimateinwinter.D.TheyarealllocatedintheSouthernHemisphere.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ahistorybook. B.Abusinessreport.C.Atravelmagazine. D.Aresearchpaper.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四个适合冬季避寒的旅游目的地，分别介绍了墨西哥、南非、葡萄牙和智利的冬季特色与景点。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据SouthAfrica部分的“SouthAfricaisanothergreatwinterescape,especiallyifyou’reopentoenduringalongerflightawayfromhome.TheWesternCape,inparticular,isknownforitsbeautifulbeachesandmildtemperatures.(南非是另一个冬季逃避寒冷的好去处，尤其是如果你不介意忍受较长的飞行时间离开家。特别是西开普省，以其美丽的海滩和温和的温度而闻名)”可知，西开普省的优势在于美丽的海滩和温和的气候，故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Mexico部分的“Mexicoisagreatdestinationforwintersun.(墨西哥是冬季阳光旅行的绝佳目的地)”、SouthAfrica部分的“SouthAfricaisanothergreatwinterescape,especiallyifyou’reopentoenduringalongerflightawayfromhome.TheWesternCape,inparticular,isknownforitsbeautifulbeachesandmildtemperatures(南非是另一个冬季逃避寒冷的好去处，尤其是如果你不介意忍受较长的飞行时间离开家。特别是西开普省，以其美丽的海滩和温和的温度而闻名)”、Portugal部分“Thiscountryhassomuchtooffertravelersinthecoldermonths,frombeautifulmountainrangestosunnydaysonthebeach(在寒冷的月份，这个国家（葡萄牙）为旅行者提供了丰富的选择，从美丽的山脉到阳光明媚的海滩)”以及Chile部分的“DecembertoMarchissummerintheSouthernHemisphere(半球),andChileisbathinginsunshine!(在南半球，12月到3月是夏季，而智利正沐浴在阳光下)”可知，四个目的地都是本文推荐的冬季旅行的目的地，且气候温暖。故选C项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifyoudislikecoldweather,don’tworry.Herearesomerecommendeddestinations.(如果你不喜欢寒冷的天气，别担心。这里有一些推荐的目的地)”以及“Mexico”部分的“Mexicoisagreatdestinationforwintersun(墨西哥是冬季阳光旅行的绝佳目的地)”、“SouthAfrica”部分的“SouthAfricaisanothergreatwinterescape,especiallyifyou’reopentoenduringalongerflightawayfromhome.TheWesternCape,inparticular,isknownforitsbeautifulbeachesandmildtemperatures(南非是另一个冬季逃避寒冷的好去处，尤其是如果你不介意忍受较长的飞行时间离开家。特别是西开普省，以其美丽的海滩和温和的温度而闻名)”等，可知文章围绕冬季旅游目的地推荐展开，包含景点特色、气候等信息，主要介绍了四个适合冬季前往的旅游目的地及其特色，所以很可能出自旅游杂志，故选C项。BIwasbornmissingmylefthand,yetIlearnedtoadapt.Oneofmyearliestmemoriesismyfathertryingtoteachmetotiemyshoes.Igentlypushedhimasideandfiguredoutawaytodoitwithonehand.Myparentstriedtomakemefeelordinary,buttherealitywasinescapable.WhenIwas13,anagewhenkidsarealreadyveryself-conscious,Irememberedgettingonthebusandoneoftheotherkidsstaredjustalittletoolongatmyleftarm.Ifeltasuddenurgetohidemyhand.Ihaddecidedthatifpeopleknewaboutmymissinghand,theywouldnotwanttobearoundmeanymore.Makingfriendswaschallengingenough,butfindinglovewasparticularlydiscouraging.AsIstarteddating,Imadeeffortstohidemydifference.Eventuallywe’dreachapointintherelationshipwhereIknewIhadtotellthetruth.I’dthinkoverthe“bigreveal”andbuilditupinmymindfordays.WhenIhadgatheredthecourage,Iletoutmysecretoverthephoneandhungupinapanic.EvenwhenIreceivedacall,Icouldn’tfacediscussingit,relyingontheansweringmachine.EveryoneIsharedthiswith—friend,co-workerorboyfriend—saidkindthingslike,“Youshouldn’thideit.”or“It’snobigdeal.”Buttheirwordsdidn’tmattertome.TheonlywordsthatreallymatteredweretheonesIwastellingmyself,thatstoryofhowIwasunworthyoflove.At28,tiredofhiding,Imetsomeonespecial.Forthefirsttime,Iallowedsomeonetoreallyhold,lookat,takepicturesof,touchandlovemylimb—loveme.Thatrelationshipendedaftertenyears,butIkepttheself-loveandcompassionIlearnedfromit.Fromthatpointon,Isawmydifferenceassomethinguniqueandbeautifulaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden.4.Howdidtheauthortiehershoes?A.Byexpectingquicksuccess. B.Byescapingfromtyingtries.C.Byfindingherownmethod. D.Bybenefitingfromfather’said.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelaftersharingherdifference?A.Relieved. B.Unmoved. C.Unclear. D.Delighted.6.What’stheauthorlikeaftertheten-yearrelationshipended?A.Shehadapositiveattitude. B.Shehidherdifferenceagain.C.Shebecamemoredependent. D.Shestoppedmakingfriends.7.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DealingwithSelf-Consciousness B.TheRoleofCourageinLifeC.OvercomingSocialPrejudice D.TheAcceptanceofUniqueness【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了天生缺少左手的作者从隐藏自身缺陷到最终接纳自我独特性的心路历程，强调了自我接纳的重要性。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Igentlypushedhimasideandfiguredoutawaytodoitwithonehand.(我轻轻推开父亲，用一只手找到了系鞋带的方法)”可知，作者通过自己的方式解决了系鞋带问题。故选C项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“EveryoneIsharedthiswith—friend,co-workerorboyfriend—saidkindthingslike,“Youshouldn’thideit.”or“It’snobigdeal.”Buttheirwordsdidn’tmattertome.TheonlywordsthatreallymatteredweretheonesIwastellingmyself,thatstoryofhowIwasunworthyoflove(每个和我分享这件事的人——朋友、同事或男朋友——都会说些善意的话，比如“你不应该隐藏它。”或者“这没什么大不了的。”但他们的话对我没有意义。真正重要的是我告诉自己的那些话，那些关于我不值得被爱的故事)”可知别人的话对作者来说没有意义，作者认为重要的是那些关于自己不值得被爱的故事，可推理出作者在分享缺陷后并未被他人言语打动，仍陷于自我否定中。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thatrelationshipendedaftertenyears,butIkepttheself-loveandcompassionIlearnedfromit.Fromthatpointon,Isawmydifferenceassomethinguniqueandbeautifulaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden(那段关系在十年后结束了，但我已经拥有了从那段关系中学到的自爱和同理心。从那时起，我认为我的不同之处是我独特而美丽的一部分，是应该展示而不是隐藏的)”可知作者在关系结束后，拥有了从那段关系中学到的自爱和同理心，认为应该展示而不是隐藏，可推理出作者形成了积极的心态。故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Iwasbornmissingmylefthand,yetIlearnedtoadapt.Oneofmyearliestmemoriesismyfathertryingtoteachmetotiemyshoes.Igentlypushedhimasideandfiguredoutawaytodoitwithonehand.Myparentstriedtomakemefeelordinary,buttherealitywasinescapable(我一出生就缺少左手，但我学会了适应。我最早的记忆之一是我爸爸试图教我系鞋带。我轻轻地把他推到一边，想出了用一只手系鞋带的方法。我的父母尽力让我觉得自己和其他人一样，但现实是无法逃避的)”、倒数第三段“EveryoneIsharedthiswith—friend,co-workerorboyfriend—saidkindthingslike,“Youshouldn’thideit.”or“It’snobigdeal.”Buttheirwordsdidn’tmattertome.TheonlywordsthatreallymatteredweretheonesIwastellingmyself,thatstoryofhowIwasunworthyoflove(每个和我分享这件事的人——朋友、同事或男朋友——都会说些善意的话，比如“你不应该隐藏它。”或者“这没什么大不了的。”但他们的话对我没有意义。真正重要的是我告诉自己的那些话，那些关于我不值得被爱的故事)”以及最后一段“Thatrelationshipendedaftertenyears,butIkepttheself-loveandcompassionIlearnedfromit.Fromthatpointon,Isawmydifferenceassomethinguniqueandbeautifulaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden(那段关系在十年后结束了，但我已经拥有了从那段关系中学到的自爱和同理心。从那时起，我认为我的不同之处是我独特而美丽的一部分，是应该展示而不是隐藏的)”可知，作者天生残疾，全文围绕作者从自卑到接纳身体独特性的转变展开，作者最后认为自己应该展示而不是隐藏，D项“TheAcceptanceofUniqueness(接纳独特性)”表达的含义准确概括了文章主旨，适合用作本文标题，故选D项。CThirtyyearsago,whileworkingonarightwhaleresearchprojectintheBayofFundy,Canada,Iwitnessedaremarkablesight.Amalerightwhalewithmudonitshead,indicatingithadbeenfeedingatthebottom,cameuptobreatheandrest.Justbeforedivingagain,itletoutahugemassofpoop(粪便).Thewaterwasfilledwithpoopthatlookedlikeredfloatingbricksandhadastrong,unpleasantsmell.Ifitgotonyourclothes,you’dhavetodiscardthemasitcouldn’tbewashedout.Thisinitialencounterlaterinspiredmetoconductglobalsearchforwhalepoop,takingmefromIcelandtoMexico,Alaska,andHawaii.Rightwhalepoophasaparticularlystrongandawfulsmell,butI’vecometoappreciateit.Whalepoopprovidesvaluableinsights.Itshowswhatwhaleseat,theirhormones,ifthey’rereadytoreproduce,howstressedtheyare,what’sintheirgut(内脏),andtheirfamilytree.Italsohelpsusassessthelevelofmercuryandpollutionintheocean.Thisexperiencesetthepathformyresearchcareer.Twoyearsafterseeingwhalepoopforthefirsttime,Itookanoceanecologyclassandlearnedaboutthebiologicalpump.Phytoplankton(浮游植物)growsneartheoceansurfaceandthroughthefoodchain,nutrientscansinktothedeepsea.However,Irealizedthatrightwhales,whichfeedatdepthandpoopatthesurface,likelybringnutrientslikeironandsoonbackup.Thisledtotheconceptofthe“whalepump”,whichdoestheoppositeofthebiologicalpumpbypumpingnutrientsbacktothesurface.Thesenutrientscanbeabsorbedbyphytoplanktonandflowthroughtheoceanfoodchain.ThisisimportantbecausesomepeopleinJapan,Norway,andIcelandthinkwhaleseat“ourfish”andcausefishnumberstodrop.Thewhalepumpshowsthattherelationshipismorecomplexandthatwhalesmightactuallyincreasefishpopulations.Whalepoopnotonlyhelpsusunderstandthepresentoceanbutalsogivesusalookintothepastwhenthereweremorewhales.Restoringwhalesandtheirnutrientpathwayscouldhelpmaketheoceanmorediverse.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discard”inparagraph1mean?A.Abandon. B.Wash. C.Keep. D.Appreciate.9.Whydoestheauthorappreciatewhalepoop?A.Itprovidesaremarkablesight. B.Itmakestheauthortravelalot.C.Itlookslikeredfloatingbricks. D.Itmakespreciousinsightsavailable.10.Whatistheeffectofthe“whalepump”?A.Nutrientsfloattothesurface. B.Fisheriesexperienceadecline.C.Theoceanfoodchainisthreatened. D.Theenvironmentispollutedseverely.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Todescribetheabnormalbehaviorofrightwhales.B.Toexplaintheecologicalimportanceofwhalepoop.C.Toargueagainsttheideathatwhalesharmfisheries.D.Todiscusshowwecanunderstandthepresentocean.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了鲸鱼粪便的生态重要性。作者通过自身研究经历，说明鲸鱼粪便如何提供宝贵信息，促进海洋生态循环，并反驳了鲸鱼导致鱼类减少的观点，强调恢复鲸鱼数量对海洋多样性的积极意义。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Thewaterwasfilledwithpoopthatlookedlikeredfloatingbricksandhadastrong,unpleasantsmell.Ifitgotonyourclothes,you’dhavetodiscardthemasitcouldn’tbewashedout(水里布满了看起来像红色漂浮砖块的粪便，且散发着强烈、难闻的气味。如果它沾到你的衣服上，你就得把衣服……，因为它洗不掉)”可知，如果像红色漂浮砖块的粪便沾到你的衣服上，它是洗不掉的，所以衣服只能扔掉，可推理出“discard”在上下文中指因无法清洗而“丢弃”衣物，故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Rightwhalepoophasaparticularlystrongandawfulsmell,butI’vecometoappreciateit.Whalepoopprovidesvaluableinsights.Itshowswhatwhaleseat,theirhormones,ifthey’rereadytoreproduce,howstressedtheyare,what’sintheirgut(内脏),andtheirfamilytree.Italsohelpsusassessthelevelofmercuryandpollutionintheocean(座头鲸的粪便气味尤其强烈且令人不适，但我渐渐学会了欣赏它。鲸粪提供了宝贵的研究信息。它能显示鲸鱼的饮食习惯、它们的激素水平、是否准备繁殖、它们的压力程度、它们肠道里的情况以及它们的家族谱系。此外，它还有助于我们评估海洋中的汞含量和污染程度)”可知，作者重视鲸鱼粪便是因为它能提供珍贵的研究数据，故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thisledtotheconceptofthe“whalepump”,whichdoestheoppositeofthebiologicalpumpbypumpingnutrientsbacktothesurface(这引出了“鲸泵”的概念，它与生物泵的作用相反，将营养物质泵回到海洋表面)”可知，鲸鱼泵的作用是将营养物质带到海洋表面，故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Amalerightwhalewithmudonitshead,indicatingithadbeenfeedingatthebottom,cameuptobreatheandrest.Justbeforedivingagain,itletoutahugemassofpoop(粪便).Thewaterwasfilledwithpoopthatlookedlikeredfloatingbricksandhadastrong,unpleasantsmell.(一头露脊鲸头部沾满淤泥，表明它刚刚在海底觅食，它游上来呼吸并休息。就在它再次潜入水中之前，排泄出了一大团粪便。水中布满了看起来像红色漂浮砖块的粪便，散发着强烈且难闻的气味)”、第二段“Rightwhalepoophasaparticularlystrongandawfulsmell,butI’vecometoappreciateit.Whalepoopprovidesvaluableinsights.Itshowswhatwhaleseat,theirhormones,ifthey’rereadytoreproduce,howstressedtheyare,what’sintheirgut(内脏),andtheirfamilytree.Italsohelpsusassessthelevelofmercuryandpollutionintheocean(座头鲸的粪便气味尤其强烈且令人不适，但我渐渐学会了欣赏它。鲸粪提供了宝贵的研究信息。它能显示鲸鱼的饮食习惯、它们的激素水平、是否准备繁殖、它们的压力程度、它们肠道里的情况以及它们的家族谱系。此外，它还有助于我们评估海洋中的汞含量和污染程度)”、第三段“Thisledtotheconceptofthe“whalepump”,whichdoestheoppositeofthebiologicalpumpbypumpingnutrientsbacktothesurface(这引出了“鲸泵”的概念，它与生物泵的作用相反，将营养物质泵回到海洋表面)”以及最后一段“Whalepoopnotonlyhelpsusunderstandthepresentoceanbutalsogivesusalookintothepastwhenthereweremorewhales.Restoringwhalesandtheirnutrientpathwayscouldhelpmaketheoceanmorediverse(鲸粪不仅有助于我们了解如今的海洋，还能让我们回顾过去鲸鱼数量更多的时代。恢复鲸鱼数量及其营养循环路径，可使海洋变得更加多样化)”可知，文章围绕鲸鱼粪便的生态作用展开，包括其研究价值、促进营养循环的“鲸鱼泵”机制及对海洋多样性的意义，可推理出本文的写作目的是解释鲸鱼粪便的生态重要性，故选B。DAQueenslandUniversityofTechnology(QUT)researchteamhastakeninspirationfromthebrainsofinsectsandanimalsformoreenergy-efficientroboticnavigation.Theresearch,ledbyDrHussaini,alongwithProfessorMilfordandDrFischerfromtheQUTCentreforRobotics,waspublishedinIEEETransactionsonRobotics.Theycameupwithanovelplacerecognitionalgorithm(算法)usingSpikingNeuralNetworks(SNNs).“SNNsareartificialneuralnetworksthatimitatehowbiologicalbrainsprocessinformationusingbrief,separatesignals,muchlikehowneurons(神经元)inanimalbrainscommunicate,”DrHussainisaid.“Thesenetworksareparticularlywell-suitedforneuromorphichardware—specializedcomputerhardwarethatcopiesbiologicalneuralsystem—enablingfasterprocessingandsignificantlyreducedenergyconsumption.”Modernrobotsstillstruggletonavigateandoperateincomplex,unknownenvironments.TheyalsooftenrelyonAI-basednavigationsystemsthatneedalotofcomputingpowerandenergyfortraining.DrFischersaid,“Animalsarereallygoodatgettingaroundinlarge,dynamicenvironments.Theydoitefficientlyandreliably.”Hethinksthisresearchisastepclosertomakingnavigationsystemsinspiredbybiology.Thesesystemsmightonedaybebetterthantoday’sconventionalapproaches.ThesystemdevelopedbytheQUTteamusessmallneuralnetworkpartstorecognizespecificplacesfromimages.Thesepartswereputtogethertomakeagroupofspikingnetworkstocreateanavigationsystemthatcanlearntomovearoundinlargeenvironments.“Usingaseriesofimagesinsteadofsinglepicturesenabledanimprovementof41percentinplacerecognitionaccuracy,allowingthesystemtoadapttoappearancechangesovertimeandacrossdifferentseasonsandweatherconditions,”ProfessorMilfordsaid.“Thisresearchcanhelpmakemoreefficientandreliablenavigationsystemsforautonomousrobotsinenergy-limitedenvironments.It’sespeciallygoodforthingslikespaceexplorationanddisasterrecovery,whereusingenergywellandbeingquicktorespondarecritical,”DrHussainisaid.12.WhatdoestheQUTresearchfocuson?A.Testingartificialintelligencesystems.B.ImitatingAI-basednavigationsystems.C.Managingexistingroboticnavigationsystems.D.Creatingbio-inspiredroboticnavigationsystems.13.WhatisakeyadvantageofSNNs?A.Requiringlowenergy. B.Conductingobjectdetection.C.Producingsuitablehardware. D.Processingseparateinformation.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutneuralnetworkparts?A.Theyanalyzeenvironmentalsounds. B.Theyassessconventionalapproaches.C.Theyenableaccurateplacerecognition. D.Theymeasuredifferentweatherconditions.15.What’sthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thesignificanceoftheresearch. B.Theadvantageofthesystem.C.Theefficiencyofthenavigation. D.Theperformanceoftheapplication.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了昆士兰科技大学（QUT）研究团队受昆虫和动物大脑启发，开发了一种新型的脉冲神经网络（SNNs）算法，用于更节能的机器人导航系统。该研究通过模仿生物神经系统的信息处理方式，提升了导航系统的效率和适应性，尤其在复杂或能源受限环境中具有应用潜力。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“AQueenslandUniversityofTechnology(QUT)researchteamhastakeninspirationfromthebrainsofinsectsandanimalsformoreenergy-efficientroboticnavigation(昆士兰科技大学研究团队从昆虫和动物大脑中获取灵感，开发更节能的机器人导航系统)”以及第五段“Hethinksthisresearchisastepclosertomakingnavigationsystemsinspiredbybiology.(他认为这项研究使受生物学启发的导航系统更近了一步)”可知，QUT研究的核心是开发受生物启发的导航系统。故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thesenetworksareparticularlywell-suitedforneuromorphichardware—specializedcomputerhardwarethatcopiesbiologicalneuralsystem—enablingfasterprocessingandsignificantlyreducedenergyconsumption(这些网络特别适合神经形态硬件——一种模拟生物神经系统的专用计算机硬件，能够实现更快的处理速度并显著降低能耗)”可知，SNNs的关键优势是低能耗。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段“ThesystemdevelopedbytheQUTteamusessmallneuralnetworkpartstorecognizespecificplacesfromimages.Thesepartswereputtogethertomakeagroupofspikingnetworkstocreateanavigationsystemthatcanlearntomovearoundinlargeenvironments(昆士兰科技大学（QUT）团队开发的系统利用小型神经网络部件从图像中识别特定地点。这些部件组合起来形成了一组脉冲神经网络，从而创建出一个能够在大型环境中学习移动的导航系统)”和倒数第二段“Usingaseriesofimagesinsteadofsinglepicturesenabledanimprovementof41percentinplacerecognitionaccuracy,allowingthesystemtoadapttoappearancechangesovertimeandacrossdifferentseasonsandweatherconditions(使用一系列图像而非单张图片使位置识别准确率提高了41%，使系统能够适应随时间、不同季节和天气条件而产生的外观变化)”可知，神经网络组件从图像中识别特定地点，使位置识别准确率提高了41%，使系统能够适应随时间、不同季节和天气条件而产生的外观变化，可推理出神经网络组件的作用是实现准确的地点识别。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thisresearchcanhelpmakemoreefficientandreliablenavigationsystemsforautonomousrobotsinenergy-limitedenvironments.It’sespeciallygoodforthingslikespaceexplorationanddisasterrecovery,whereusingenergywellandbeingquicktorespondarecritical(这项研究有助于为在能源有限的环境中使用的自主机器人开发出更高效、可靠的导航系统。它特别适合于太空探索和灾难救援等领域，在这些领域中，有效利用能源和快速响应至关重要)”可知，研究有助于开发出更高效、可靠的导航系统，特别适合于太空探索和灾难救援等领域；因此，最后一段主要讲的是研究成果的实际应用价值，即研究的意义。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Progressinlifeisallaboutreinvention.Wheneveryouwanttochange,reinventioniswhatallowsyoutocontinueexploringnewpartsofyourself.____16____Seeyourselfoutsideyourself.Imagineyouareasculptor.Asculptorlooksathisorherpieceofstoneandendlesslyquestionsnewwaystoshapeit.Andifheorshethinksofsomethingtochange,thereisnoemotionalattachment.____17____Thisishowyouneedtoseeyourself—asaworkofart,alwaysinprogress.Practiceeveryday,nomatterwhat.Changeisnotsomethingyoudosomedaysandthentakeabreakfromotherdays.____18____Itrequiresdailydevotion,tothepointwherethatnewhabittakestheplaceofanoldoneandnolongerrequiresconsciouseffort.Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewhowilltellyouthetruth.Ifeveryonearoundyouistellingyou“yes”,thenyouhaveaseriousproblem.Youneedpeoplewhoaregoingtochallengeandquestionyou.____19____Feedbackisessentialforpersonalgrowth.____20____Youwillneverbecomethepersonyouwanttobebycontinuingtobethepersonyoucurrentlyare.Growth’sonlyrequestisthatyoustepoutofyourcomfortzone.That’sit.Unlessyouarewillingtotakethatriskandtotakethatuncomfortablestepintotheunknown,youwillforeverstayexactlywhereyouare.A.Theyjustdoit.B.Bewhatyouare.C.Itisashiftinlifestyle.D.Bereadytotakerisks.E.Instead,likeanartist,justgettowork.F.Youneedtolookforawaytoreinventyourself.G.Youneedpeoplewhowon’tbeafraidtotellyouthetruth.【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.G20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了重塑自我的方法。【16题详析】根据上文“Progressinlifeisallaboutreinvention.Wheneveryouwanttochange,reinventioniswhatallowsyoutocontinueexploringnewpartsofyourself.(生活中的进步都与重塑自我有关。每当你想要改变时，重塑自我能让你不断探索自己新的方面)”可知此处强调重塑自我的重要性，结合下文对几种重塑自我的方法的介绍可知，F项“Youneedtolookforawaytoreinventyourself.(你需要寻找一种重塑自我的方法)”符合题意，承上启下，故选F项。【17题详析】根据上文“Asculptorlooksathisorherpieceofstoneandendlesslyquestionsnewwaystoshapeit.Andifheorshethinksofsomethingtochange,thereisnoemotionalattachment.(雕塑家看着他或她的那块石头，不断思考塑造它的新方法。如果他或她想到要改变什么，不会有情感上的不舍)”可知雕塑家一旦有想法就会去做，A项“Theyjustdoit.(他们就这么做了)”描述了雕塑家的行为方式，符合语境。故选A项。【18题详析】根据上文“Changeisnotsomethingyoudosomedaysandthentakeabreakfromotherdays.(改变不是你做几天然后又休息几天的事)”可知改变不是断断续续的，再结合下文“Itrequiresdailydevotion,tothepointwherethatnewhabittakestheplaceofanoldoneandnolongerrequiresconsciouseffort.(它需要每天投入，直到新习惯取代旧习惯，不再需要有意识的努力)”可知新习惯是要取代旧习惯，说明改变是一种生活方式的转变，C项“Itisashiftinlifestyle.(这是一种生活方式的转变)”符合语境，故选C项。【19题详析】根据上文“Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewhowilltellyouthetruth.Youneedpeoplewhoaregoingtochallengeandquestionyou.(让身边围绕着能告诉你真相的人。你需要那些会挑战和质疑你的人)”可知此处强调改变需要能讲真话的人，G项“Youneedpeoplewhowon’tbeafraidtotellyouthetruth.(你需要那些不怕告诉你真相的人)”符合题意，故选G项。【20题详析】根据下文“Youwillneverbecomethepersonyouwanttobebycontinuingtobethepersonyoucurrentlyare.Growth’sonlyrequestisthatyoustepoutofyourcomfortzone.Unlessyouarewillingtotakethatriskandtotakethatuncomfortablestepintotheunknown,youwillforeverstayexactlywhereyouare.(继续做现在的自己，你永远不会成为你想成为的人。成长唯一的要求就是你走出舒适区。除非你愿意冒这个险，迈出那不舒服的一步进入未知领域，否则你将永远停留在原地)”可知此段强调要敢于冒险走出舒适区，D项“Bereadytotakerisks.(准备好冒险)”符合题意，可以作为本段小标题，故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ahighschoolfriendcanbealife-longfriend.OnDec.14,1973,severalwomengatheredtocelebrateanearly____21____.Butthatwasn’tthe____22____ofthefriendgroup.Bytheevening’send,theydecidedtheyshouldmeetagainthefollowingDecember.Andthenextone.Andthenextone.Forthepast50years,thewomenhave____23____atleastonceayearfordinners,sleepoversandvacations.Thewomenofthegrouphave____24____oneanotherthroughdecadesofmilestones,weddingsandgraduations,babyshowersandfunerals(葬礼).Althoughthe____25____amongthemwasstrengthenedduringcollege,they’veworkedhardtostay____26____anddeveloptheirrelationships.Agroupchathelpsthemstayintouchdaily,asdophonecalls,videochatsand____27____groupactivitieslikea90-dayfitnesschallenge.Theyare____28____totheirannualreunionsandhavemaintainedstrongsupportforoneanother.Helenrecentlysufferedaheadache,almost____29____,shestartedreceiving_____30_____textsandcallsfromotherwomeninthegroup.“Theywereontopofme,asking:‘Didyougotothedoctor?Didyougotothe_____31_____room?’”saysHelen.“Theyhelpmemaintainmyhealthandpositivemind.Wegiveeachother_____32_____,andwhenthere’ssomething_____33_____forus,wetrytoliftthatpersonup.”Andthewomensaythatwhateveris_____34_____intheirlives,theycanlookforwardto_____35_____timetogethereveryDecember.21.A.holiday B.graduation C.festival D.victory22.A.celebration B.decision C.meaning D.end23.A.worked B.studied C.met D.checked24.A.supported B.greeted C.missed D.sponsored25.A.competition B.conflict C.bond D.distance26.A.calm B.connected C.awake D.healthy27.A.mental B.remote C.leisure D.personal28.A.committed B.opposed C.close D.blind29.A.finally B.lately C.gradually D.immediately30.A.shortened B.unexpected C.original D.concerned31.A.waiting B.rest C.emergency D.living32.A.pressure B.appreciation C.permission D.strength33.A.clear B.challenging C.familiar D.essential34.A.goingon B.showingoff C.gettingaway D.breakingdown35.A.losing B.measuring C.spending D.recording【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.C26.B27.B28.A29.D30.D31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群高中女性朋友持续50年的友谊，她们每年聚会，互相支持，共同经历人生的重要时刻。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：1973年12月14日，几位女性聚在一起庆祝提前的毕业。A.holiday假期；B.graduation毕业；C.festival节日；D.victory胜利。根据上文“Ahighschoolfriendcanbealife-longfriend.OnDec.14,1973,severalwomengatheredtocelebrate”可知上文提到了高中时的朋友可能会是一辈子的朋友还提到了一些女性聚在一起庆祝，可推理出她们可能在庆祝毕业，故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这并不是朋友群体的结束。A.celebration庆祝；B.decision决定；C.meaning意义；D.end结束，终点。根据下文“theydecidedtheyshouldmeetagainthefollowingDecember.Andthenextone.Andthenextone.”可知下文说的是她们决定再聚，可推理出此处说的是这次庆祝并非这个朋友群体的终点，结束，故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的50年里，这些女性每年至少会聚在一起吃晚饭、过夜和度假一次。A.worked工作；B.studied学习；C.met见面；D.checked检查。根据上文“theydecidedtheyshouldmeetagainthefollowingDecember.Andthenextone.Andthenextone.”可知这些女性每年至少见一次面，聚在一起吃晚饭、过夜和度假。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这群女性几十年来历经里程碑事件、婚礼和毕业典礼、宝宝洗礼以及葬礼，一直在相互扶持。A.supported支持；B.greeted问候；C.missed错过；D.sponsored赞助。根据下文weddingsandgraduations,babyshowersandfunerals”以及“ Theyare

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totheirannualreunionsandmaintainedstrongsupportforoneanother”可知下文提到了婚礼与毕业典礼，宝宝洗礼与葬礼，还提到了彼此之间保持强有力的支持，可推理出她们互相支持，故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管她们之间的情谊在大学期间得到了加深，但她们仍努力保持联系并发展彼此的关系。A.competition竞争；B.conflict冲突；C.bond纽带，关系；D.distance距离。根据上文weddingsandgraduations,babyshowersandfunerals”可知上文提到了婚礼与毕业典礼，宝宝洗礼与葬礼，结合下文“developtheirrelationships”以及“groupchathelpsthemstayintouchdaily”可知，此处指他们的关系、情感联系得到了加深，故选C项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.calm平静的；B.connected有联系的，有关联的；C.awake醒着；D.healthy健康的。根据下文“developtheirrelationships”以及“groupchathelpsthemstayintouchdaily”可知下文提到了群聊帮助她们日常联系，可推理出此处说的是她们仍努力保持联系，故选B项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个群聊有助于她们每天保持联系，打电话、视频聊天以及远程小组活动（比如为期90天的健身挑战）也起到了同样的作用。A.mental心理的；B.remote远程的；C.leisure休闲的；D.personal个人的。根据上文“phonecalls,videochats”可知上文提到了电话和视频聊天，可推理出此处说的是远程活动，故选B项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们致力于每年的重聚，彼此之间保持强有力的支持。A.committed尽心尽力的，坚定的，致力于；B.opposed反对；C.close亲密的；D.blind盲目的。根据上文“atleastonceayearfordinners”以及下文“maintainedstrongsupportforoneanother”可知上文提到了她们至少每年聚餐一次，还提到了她们彼此之间保持强有力的支持，可推理出她们非常坚定地做到每年重聚并一致保持互相支持，故选A项。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：海伦最近头痛，几乎立即就开始收到小组内其他女性关切的短信和电话。A.finally最终；B.lately最近；C.gradually逐渐；D.immediately立即。根据上文“Agroupchathelpsthemstayintouchdaily,asdophonecalls,videochats”可知她们每天都保持联系，结合下文“Didyougotothedoctor?”提到的大家询问海伦就医情况，可推理出大家反应迅速