特殊句式 高三英语

句法篇特殊句式011.

（经典高考）_________（observe）

carefully

if

any

change

occurs

when

doing

experiments

in

the

lab.Observe[解析]

句意：在实验室做实验时要仔细观察是否有任何变化发生。此处为祈使句，设空处位于句首，故填Observe。2.

（经典高考）It

was

the

culture,

rather

than

the

language,

_____

made

it

hard

for

him

to

adapt

to

the

new

environment

abroad.that[解析]

句意：是文化而不是语言使他难以适应国外的新环境。本句为强调句，被强调部分是句子的主语，指物，所以用that。真题演练3.

（经典高考）No

sooner

_____

Mo

Yan

stepped

on

the

stage

than

the

audience

broke

into

thunderous

applause.had[解析]

句意:莫言一走上舞台,观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。no

sooner...than...为固定句式，意为“一……就……”。no

sooner置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。正常语序是Mo

Yan

had

stepped

on

the

stage,变为had

Mo

Yan

stepped

on

the

stage。4.

（经典高考）There

are

some

health

problems

that,

when

not________（treat）

in

time,

can

become

bigger

ones

later

on.treated[解析]

句意:有一些健康问题,如果不及时治疗,以后可能会变成更大的问题。此处是状语从句的省略，补全后应该是“when

they

are

not

treated

in

time”。5.

（经典高考）Parents

are

taught

to

understand

_____important

education

is

to

their

children's

future.how[解析]

句意:父母被教导要明白教育对他们孩子的未来有多重要。本句中的宾语从句由感叹句“____

important

education

is...”充当，其结构为“how+adj.+主语+谓语”，故填how。考点1

省略句1.状语从句中的省略（1）当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的谓语含有be动词，且主语和主句的主语一致或其主语是it时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be。Children,

when

accompanied

by

their

parents,

are

allowed

to

enter

the

stadium.当有父母陪伴的时候,孩子们是被允许进入体育场的。（2）if省略结构if

so如果这样的话

if

necessary如果有必要的话

if

not如果不是这样的话必备知识2.不定式的省略（1）在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词（短语）,只保留不定式符号to。常用在expect、hope、intend、mean、try、want、wish等词后。Firstly,

people

may

feel

forced

when

asked

to

do

things

that

they

don't

want

to.首先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时，可能会感到是被迫的。（2）but用作介词，意为“除……之外”，且前面有实义动词do的某种形式,后接不定式时，常省略不定式符号to；但前面没有实义动词do的某种形式，后接不定式时，不省略不定式符号to。The

students

could

do

nothing

but

wait

quietly.学生们只能静静地等候。If

he

takes

this

work,

he

will

have

no

choice

but

to

meet

an

even

greater

challenge.如果他接受了这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他将别无选择。（3）在使役动词let、have、make等和感官动词后面作宾补的动词不定式必须省去to。（外研必修三

Unit

1）One

of

the

main

reasons

for

telling

a

white

lie

is

to

try

to

make

others

feel

better.

说善意谎言的一个主要原因是试图让别人感受更好。He

will

have

a

worker

fix

the

car.他会叫一名工作人员修车的。I

can

hear

him

sing

loudly.我能听见他大声唱歌。1.

You

must

have

had

some

moments

when

you

were

depressed.

If

____,

how

did

you

deal

with

them?2.

To

play

the

musical

instrument,

you

put

your

mouth

on

one

end

and

blow

while__________（vibrate）

your

lips.3.

The

experiment

shows

that

proper

amounts

of

exercise,

if________（carry）

out

regularly,

can

improve

our

health.4.

Film

has

a

much

shorter

history,

especially

when__________（compare）

to

such

art

forms

as

music

and

painting.sovibratingcarriedcompared针对训练考点2强调句1.陈述句：It

is/was...that/who...（强调人时可用that或who，强调事物时只用that）一般疑问句：Is/Was

it...that/who...?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/was+it

that...?It

was

when

I

got

back

to

my

apartment

that

I

first

came

across

my

new

neighbors.正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。I

wonder

what

it

is

that

makes

you

so

addicted

to

the

mobile

phone.我想知道是什么让你对手机如此着迷。2.“not...until...”的强调句：It

is/was

not

until...that...It

was

not

until

I

came

here

that

I

realised

this

place

was

famous

not

only

for

its

beauty

but

also

for

its

weather.直到我来到这儿，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。3.强调谓语动词用do/does/did，即“do/does/did+动词原形”。该结构只用于肯定句中，并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。He

did

come

to

see

you

last

Sunday,

but

you

were

out.他上周日的确来看过你，但是你出去了。1.

It

was

not

until

9:30

a.m.

_____

we

finally

reached

the

top

of

Mount

Tai.2.

It

was

at

ten

o'clock

today_____we

were

divided

into

4

groups

to

sort

the

rubbish.thatthat3.

A

final

point

to

consider

is

that

while

studying

abroad

______（do）

have

potential

benefits,

young

people

who

study

in

China

also

have

a

great

future

to

look

forward

to!does针对训练完全倒装表示地点、时间或方向的副词或介词短语（here、there、now、then、up、down、away、off、in、out、in

the

room、on

the

wall等）置于句首，且主语为名词时At

the

meeting

place

of

the

Yangtze

River

and

the

Jialing

River

lies

Chongqing,

one

of

the

ten

largest

cities

in

China.在长江和嘉陵江的交汇处，坐落着中国十大城市之一——重庆。考点3倒装句完全倒装表示状态的形容词置于句首时Present

at

the

meeting

were

experts

on

psychology.出席会议的是心理学专家。续表部分倒装表示否定意义的词或短语（never、neither、not、hardly、little、seldom、rarely、at

no

time、by

no

means、on

no

condition、in

no

case、no

sooner等）置于句首时We

laugh

at

jokes,

but

seldom

do

we

think

about

how

they

work.

我们听到笑话会笑,却很少考虑它们是如何让我们发笑的。续表部分倒装only修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句，且置于句首时Only

after

they

had

discussed

the

matter

for

several

hours

did

they

reach

a

decision.他们讨论了那个问题几个小时之后才作出抉择。“so/neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”意为“……也是如此/也不……”Tom

likes

music.

So

does

John.

汤姆喜欢音乐，约翰也是如此。续表部分倒装“not

only...but

also...”连接并列分句，not

only位于句首时Not

only

can

travelling

relax

us,

but

it

can

also

broaden

our

horizons.

旅行不仅可以使我们放松，还能开阔我们的视野。not

until...置于句首时Not

until

recently

did

they

encourage

the

development

of

tourist-related

activities

in

the

rural

areas.直到近期,他们才鼓励在农村地区发展与旅游业相关的活动。续表部分倒装①so+adj./adv.+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+其他+that...②such（+a/an）+adj.+n.+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+其他+that...So

beautiful

is

the

tourist

attraction

that

it

appeals

to

visitors

from

all

over

the

world.

这个旅游胜地非常美丽，吸引了来自世界各地的游客。续表用倒装句将下列句子进行升级1.

Bernard

was

so

happy

that

he

gave

John

a

big

hug.→___________________________________________________So

happy

was

Bernard

that

he

gave

John

a

big

hug.2.

We

can

not

only

interact

with

art,

but

also

take

part

in

its

creation.→_________________________________,

but

we

can

also

take

part

in

its

creation.Not

only

can

we

interact

with

art3.

My

dad

and

mom

stood

beside

the

old

truck,

looking

sad

and

anxious.→Beside

the

old

truck

________________________,

looking

sad

and

anxious.stood

my

dad

and

mom针对训练感叹句①What+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词（+主语+谓语）!②What+adj.+不可数名词/复数名词（+主语+谓语）!What

a

strange

plant!

I've

never

seen

it

before.多么奇怪的一种植物啊!我以前从未见过它。What

terrible

problems

we

will

face!我们将面临多么严重的问题啊!考点4感叹句感叹句①How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语（+其他）!②How+adj.（+a/an）+名词+主语+谓语（+其他）!③How+主语+谓语（+其他）!How

beautiful

the

flowers

are!

这些花儿多么美啊！续表考点5therebe结构1.there

be结构可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用，并且该结构中的be有时可用

live、remain、stand、lie、exist、seem

to

be、appear

to

be、happen

to

be、used

to

be等替换。There

have

been

many

great

changes

in

our

country

since

then.从那时起，我们国家有了很多巨大的变化。Once

upon

a

time

there

lived

an

old

fisherman

in

a

village

by

the

sea.从前，在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。2.there

be结构的常考句型：There

is

no

point/sense

（in）

doing

sth.做某事没有意义There

is

no

doubt

that...毫无疑问……There

is

no

need

（for

sb.）

to

do

sth.（某人）没有必要做某事There

is

no/a

possibility

of

（doing）

sth./that...（做）某事没有/有可能性This

doesn't

mean

we

are

becoming

either

more

or

less

intelligent,

but

there

is

no

doubt

that

the

way

we

use

memory

is

changing.这并不意味着我们正变得比以前更聪明或是不如以前聪明，但是毫无疑问，我们使用记忆力的方式正在变化。考点6祈使句

祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。1.祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you（常省略，也可不省）。祈使句的否定式一般在动词原形前加don't或never。祈使句的强调形式可以在谓语动词前面加do。Do

your

homework

before

you

watch

TV.看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。2.用于固定句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”。Call

me

tomorrow

and

I'll

let

you

know

the

experimental

result.明天给我打电话，我会让你知道实验结果。Start

out

right

away

or

we'll

miss

the

first

train.立刻出发，否则我们将要错过首班火车。1.

I

was

about

to

give

up

when

my

teacher

shouted

at

me，“Keep

up,

_____

you

will

make

it.”2.

When

I

post

the

picture

online,

I

will

make

a

comment

about

_____bad

it

is

to

feed

wild

crocodiles（鳄鱼）.andhow3.

There

______

so

many

cafés

and

restaurants

to

choose

from

and

I

selected

a

Cantonese

restaurant

that

served

its

food

on

beautiful

china

plates.were4.

_______

a

magnificent

horse!

Even

after

more

than

a

thousand

years

have

passed,

we

can

still

feel

the

power

within

its

burning

eyes,

bared

teeth

and

kicking

hooves.What针对训练分层特训Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.

Between

rows

of

trees_______（stand）

a

new

building,

which

is

supposed

to

be

our

new

library.stands[解析]

句意：几排树之间耸立着一座新建筑，这应该是我们的新图书馆。表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且句子主语为名词时，句子用完全倒装。本句为一般性的描述，应用一般现在时；主语a

new

building表示单数意义，故填stands。2.

China

employs

an

effective

approach

to

protecting

its

environment

while

________（feed）

its

citizens

and

offers

useful

lessons

for

agriculture

and

food

policymakers

worldwide.feeding[解析]

句意：中国采用了一种有效的方法，在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境，并且为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定者提供了有用的经验。在时间状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句谓语含有be动词时，可把从句中的主语和be动词一起省略。空格处表示主动，故填feeding。3.

It

could

be

anything—gardening,

cooking,

music,

sports—but

whatever

it

is,

______（make）

sure

it's

a

relief

from

daily

stress

rather

than

another

thing

to

worry

about.[解析]

句意：它可以是园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动等任何事情，但无论是什么，务必保证它是缓解日常压力的事情，而不是另一件让人担忧的事。分析句子结构可知，连词but连接两个分句。第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，主句为祈使句，故填make。make4.

Results

showed

that

when

_______（show）

famous

faces,

the

testees

drew

a

blank

with

them.shown[解析]

分析句子结构可知，when引导状语从句，省略了主语和be动词，故填shown。5.

I

was

impressed

by

_____

selfless

she

was.how[解析]

句意：她如此无私，我被她打动了。本句中的宾语从句由感叹句“____

selfless

she

was”充当，其结构为“how+adj.+主语+谓语”，故填how。6.

It's

not

doing

the

things

we

like,

but

liking

the

things

we

have

to

do

_____

makes

life

happy.that[解析]

句意：让生活快乐的不是做我们喜欢的事，而是喜欢我们必须做的事。本句是一个强调句，强调指物的主语，故填that。7.

Only

when

your

identity

has

been

checked

will

you

___________（allow）

in.be

allowed[解析]

句意：只有当你的身份被核查后，你才能被允许进去。“only+状语从句”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，将will提前。you与allow之间是被动关系，故填be

allowed。8.

______

pleasant

it

is

to

have

a

drink

after

an

exciting

game!How[解析]

句意：在一场激动人心的比赛后喝一杯饮料是多么令人愉快啊!分析句子结构可知，该句为感叹句,根据“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”结构可知填How。1.

Later

on,

I

never

gave

up

when

I

was

faced

with

a

challenge.→Later

on,

I

never

gave

up

____________________________.（省略句）when

faced

with

a

challenge2.

When

we

picked

fruit

on

the

farm,

we

also

learned

much

knowledge

about

agriculture.→_______________________________,

we

also

learned

much

knowledge

about

agriculture.（省略句）When

picking

fruit

on

the

farmⅡ.根据括号中的要求转换下列句子3.

As

a

father,

he

not

only

cares

about

my

life,

but

also

inspires

me

to

set

a

high

goal

and

strive

for

it.→As

a

father,

___________________________________,

but

he

also

inspires

me

to

set

a

high

goal

and

strive

for

it.

（倒装句）not

only

does

he

care

about

my

life4.

I

have

such

a

good

command

of

English

that

I

am

elected

as

my

English

teacher's

assistant.→___________________________________________

that

I

am

elected

as

my

English

teacher's

assistant.

（倒装句）Such

a

good

command

of

English

do

I

have5.

Because

of

his

encouragement,

I

regained

confidence

and

continued

working

hard.→____________________________________________________________________________________.（强调句）It

was

because

of

his

encouragement

that

I

regainedconfidence

and

continued

working

hardDear

Eric,

I

am

delighted

to

tell

you

1._______________________________________________________（there

be句型：将举办一场中国画展览）

organized

by

the

students'

union

of

our

school

in

the

hall

this