大学英语六级模拟试卷465

大学英语六级模拟试卷465

一、作文(本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。)

1、Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitled

TheImportanceofCreatingaHealthyInternet.Youshouldwriteatleast150words

followingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.随着社会和经济发展.网络成为了每个人必不

可少的获取信息的工具2.但是，在网络上也出现了一些不健康的因素，如垃圾信

息、、黄色网站、虚假新闻、网络炒作等3.我们应采取措施制止这些，并建立一个

健康的网络环境TheImportanceofCreatingaHealthyInternet

标准答案：TheImportanceofCreatingaHealthyInternet[I]Withthedevelopmentof

oursocietyandeconomy,theInternetbecomesanecessarytoolforeveryonetoobtain

information.|2]However,therearealsosomeunhealthycontentsint

知识点解析：作文标题是“创建健康网络环境的重要性”，这已经表明，写作的重点

是说明“为什么要创建健康的网络环境但所给出的。utline没有体现这一点。仅

仅根据oulline动笔，恐怕写不出好作文来。提纲的第1点和第2点都址说背景，

是为我们要论述的论点服务的；第3点指向“措施”，也与论点有关。但是，以这三

点中的任何一条为中心，都有可能偏题。那么该如何做这篇文章呢?不仅要把提纲

中的内容纳入，而且还要特别沦述“创建健康网络界境的重要性”。要思考那么儿条

“重要性”出来，才能有话可说，切合中心主旨。洲练从不同的角度考虑健康网络的

重要作，培养良好的思维能力，是写好此类作文的关键。Analysis⑴对应oulline

的第1条⑵对应outline的第2条。如果不知道怎么用英潜表达“炒

作”(drumbeating),不说就是。反正仅仅是不良现象中的一个例子而己。⑶主题

句，对应作文标题。[4|[5][6]三条理由。健康的网络可以：预防网络犯罪：保护

儿童不受不良信息的影响；方便我们更好地利用网络资源。(这部分可以八仙过

海，各显神通)[7]总结全文.照应outline的第3条。

二、快速阅读理解(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10

分。)

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)Directions:Inthispart,you

willhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswer

Sheet1.Forquestions1-7,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswithinformation

giveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthe

passage;NG(fbrNOTGIVES)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.For

questions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.The

NewScienceofSiblingsForalongtime,researchershavetriedtonaildownjustwhat

shapesus-orwhat,atleast,shapesusmost.Andovertheyears,they'vehadalotof

eurekamoments（突发灵感的时刻）.Firstitwasourparents,particularlyourmothers.

Thenitwasourgenes.Nextitwasourpeers,whoshov/uplastbutholdgreatsway.And

allthoseideasweregoodones-butonlyasfarastheywent.Somewhere,therewasa

sortoftempcramental（捉摸不定的）darkmatterexertinganinvisiblegravitationalpullof

itsown.Moreandmore,scientistsareconcludingthatthisunexplainedforceisour

siblings.Fromthetimetheyarcborn,ourbrothersandsistersarcourscolds,protectors,

tormentors,playmates,counselors,sourcesofenvy,otrcctsofpride.Ourspousesarrive

comparativelylateinourlives;ourparentseventuallyleaveus.Oursiblingsmaybethe

onlypeoplewe'lleverknowwhotrulyqualifyaspartnersforlife.Siblingsarewithusfor

thewholejourney.AtresearchcentersintheU.S.,Canada,Europeandelsewhere,

scientistsaregainingintriguinginsightsintothepeoplewebecomeasadults.Doesthe

studentstrugglingwithaprofessorwhoplaysfavoritessummonupthecopingskills

acquiredfromdealingwithasisterwhowasDaddy'sgirl?Dohusbandsandwives

benefitfromtheinter-gendernegotiationstheywagedwhentheirmostimportantpartners

weretheirsistersandbrothers?Todayseriousworkisrevealingexactlyhowourbrothers

andsistersinlluenceus.WhychildhoodfightsbetweensiblingscanbegoodBythetime

childrenare11,theydevoteabout33%oftheirfreetimetotheirsiblings—moretime

thantheyspendwithfriends,parents,teachersorevenbythemselves.Adolescents,who

haveusuallybegungoingtheirownway,devoteatleast10hoursaweektoactivities

withtheirsiblings.SiblingsarelikethenursesonthewarD.Allthatproximitybreedsan

awfullotofintimacy—andanawfullotoffriction.LauricKramer,professorofapplied

familystudiesattheUniversityofIllinoishasfoundthat,onaverage,sibsbetween3and

7yearsoldengageinsomekindofconflict3.5timesanhour.Kidsinthe2-lo-4age

grouptopoutat6.3—ormorethanoneclashevery10minutes,accordingtoaCanadian

study.Butasmuchasallthefightingcansetparents'haironend,there'salotoflearning

goingontoo,specificallyabouthowconflicts,oncebegun,canbesettleD.Shawandhis

colleaguesconductedayears-longstudyandfoundthatthekidswhopracticedthebest

conflict-resolutionskillsathomecarriedthoseabilitiesintotheclassroom."Siblingshave

asocializingeffectononeanother,"Shawsays."Unlikearelationshipwithfriends,

you'restuckwithyoursibs.Youlearntonegotiatethingsdaytoday."It'sthat

permanence,researchersbelieve,thatmakessiblingsarehearsaltoolforlaterlife.

Somewhereinthereistheearlytrainingforthee-mailjokethatbreaksanofficesilence

orthehusbandwhosignalsthatafightisoverbyaskinghiswifewhatshethinksthey

shoulddoaboutthatfast-approachingvacationanyway."Siblingrelationshipsarewhere

youlearnallthis,"saysdevelopmentalpsychologistSusanMcHaleofPennState

University."Theyarcrelationshipsbetweenequals."HownotbeingMom'sfavoritecan

haveitsadvantagesParentsfeelalotofguiltovertheoftenevidentifrarelyadmitted

preferencetheyharborfbronechildoveranother.Iffavoritesexist,however,itmaybe

nottheparents'fault,butevolution's.Itisfoundthat65%ofmothersand70%offathers

exhibitedapreferenceforonechild-inmostcases,theolderone.What'smore,thekids

knowwhat'sgoingon.Theyallsay,"Well,itmakessensethattheywouldtreatus

differently,becausehe'solderorwe'reaboyandagirl."Butatadeeperlevel,second-tier

childrenmaypayaprice."Theytendtobesadderandhavemoreself-esteemquestions,"

Congersays."Theyfeellikethey'renotasworthy,andthey'retryingtofigureoutwhy."

It'snoaccidentthatemployeesintheworkplaceinstinctivelyknowwhichpersontosend

intothelion'sdenofthecoinerofficewithariskyproposalorabitofbadnews.Andit*s

nocoincidencethatthesenseofhurtfeelingsandadolescentenvyyougetwhenthat

samecolleagueemergeswiththeproposalapprovedandtheboss'sapplauseseemsso

familiar.Butwhatyousummonupwiththefeelingsyoufirsthadlongagoisthe

knowledgeyougainedthentoo-thatthesmarteststrategyisnottocompeteforapproval

buttostrikeapartnershipwiththefavoriteandspinthesituationtobenefityourselfas

well.Whyyoursiblingis—orisn't—yourbestrolemodelIt'snosecretthatbrothersand

sistersemulateoneanotherorthatthelearningflowsbothupanddowntheageladder.

Youngersiblingsmimictheskillsandstrengthsofolderones.Oldersibsareprodded（刺

激，督促）toattemptsomethingnewbecausetheydon'twanttobeshownupbya

youngeronewhohasalreadytriedit.Morecomplex—andinmanywaysmore

important-arethosesituationsinwhichsiblingsdon'tmirroroneanotherbut

differentiatethemselves-aphenomenonpsychologistscallde-identification.De­

identificationhasanimportantfunction:pushingsomesibsawayfromriskybehavior.

Siblingspassondangeroushabitstooneanotherinadepressinglypredictableway.But

somekidsbreakthemold-andforsurprisingreasons.JosephRodgers,apsychologist,

foundthatwhileolderbrothersandsistersoftendointroduceyoungeronestothehabit,

theclosertheyareinage,themorelikelytheyoungeroneistoresist.Apparently,their

proximityinyearshasalreadymadethemtoosimilar.Howasiblingoftheoppositesex

canaffectwhomyoumarryFarsubtlerandoftenfarsweeterthantherisk-taking

modelingthatoccursamongallsibsisthegendermodelingthatplaysoutbetween

opposite-sexones.Brothersandsisterscanbefiercedc-idcntifiers.Inastudyot

adolescentboysandgirls,theboysunsurprisinglyscoredhigherinsuchtraitsas

independenceandcompetitivenesswhilegirlsdidbetterincharacteristicslikesensitivity

andhelpfulness.Whatwaslessexpectedisthatwhenkidsgrowupwithanopposite-sex

sibling,suchexposuredoesn'ttemper（使变淡）gender-linkedtraitsbutstressthem.Both

boysandgirlsarecloserstilltogenderstereotypeandevenseekfriendswhoconformto

thosenorms.Theguyswhohadoldersistershadmoreinvolvinginteractionsandwere

likedsignificantlymorebytheirnewfemaleacquaintances.Womenwitholderbrothers

weremorelikelytostrikeupaconversationwiththemalestrangerandtosmileathim

morethanhesmiledather.HowthoseearlybondscangrowstrongerwithageOneofthe

greaiestgiftsofthesiblingtieisthatwhilewarmthgrowsovertime,theconllictsoften

becomelessandless.Indeed,siblingswhobattledalotaskidsmaybecomecloseras

adults-andmoreemotionallyskilledtoo,oftenclearlyrecallingwhattheirlong-ago

fightswereaboutandthelessonstheytookfromthem.Suchpowerfulconnections

becomeevenmoreimportantastheinevitableillnessesorwidowhoodoflatelifeleadsus

toleanonthepeoplewe'veknownthelongest.Evensiblingswhodriftapartintheir

middleyearstendtodriftbacktogetherastheyage."Therelationshipisespeciallystrong

betweensisters,1whoaremorelikelytobepredeceased（比...先夕匕）bytheirspousesthan

brothersare,saysJudyDunn,adevelopmentalpsycholo-gist."Whenaskedwhat

contributestotheimportanceoftherelationshipnow,theysayit'sthesharedearly

childhoodexperiences,whichcastalongshadowforallofus."Ofcourse,siblingsare

oneofnature'sbetterbrainstorms,andallthenewstudiesonhowtheymakeuswhowe

areoneofscience's.Buttherestofus,outsidethelab,seeitinamoreprimalway.Ina

worldthat'stoobig,tooscaryandtoooftentoolonely,wecometorealizethatthere's

nothinglikehavingabandofbrothersandsisters—toventureoutwithyou.

2、Thewholepassagemainlytalksabouttheinfluencessiblingshaveonthequalitiesof

eachother.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干关键词influences,siblings,qualities定位到全文，特别是

文章开头和结尾以及各小标题综合判断，题干表述正确。

3、Accordingio(hepassage,allthefactorsincludingourbloodrelationship,genesand

peersdecidewhatshapesUS.

A、Y

B、N

C>NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析:根据题干关键词factors,bloodrelationship,genes,peer,shape定位

到原文第一段。根据最后一句：Moreandmore,scientistsarcconcludingthatthis

unexplainedforceisoursiblings.即：越来越多的实例证明，真正对我们性格摩.造

起到决定作用的是我们的兄弟姐妹，由此可知题干与原文意思不一致”

4、Childrenwhoaregoodatdealingwiththefrictionswiththeirbrothers/sisterswill

resolvetheconflictwiththeirclassmateswell.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析:根据题干关键词dealwith,frictions,resolve定位到原文第一标题下

第三段。根据第二句：…在家最能解决好矛盾的孩子能把这种能力带到教室，言外

之意，这样的孩子在学校也能处理好与同学的矛盾。可知题干与原文意思一致。

5、Accordingtoresearchers,thelong-timeconnectionbetweensiblingsplaysatraining

rolefortheirfuturelife.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干关键词researchers,long-time,connection,siblings,

trainingrole定位到原文第一标题第四段。根据第一句；研究者认为，正是那种长

久的相处为兄弟姐妹之间的关系成为他们日后生活的演练工具。可知题干与原文意

思一致。

6、Mostparentsadmithavingastrongpreferenceovertheolderchildbecausetheytend

tobesadder.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据题干关键词mostparents,preference,olderboy定位到原文第：

标题下第二段。根据第一句：人们发现65%的母亲和70%的父亲在大多数情况下

对更偏爱最大的那个孩子。但并不是因为最大的孩子容易感到忧伤，相反倒是小一

点的孩子容易感到忧伤，因此题干与原文意思不一致。

7、Youngersiblingsemulatetheskillsandstrengthsofolderonesbecausetheythink

theyarcmoreknowledgeablethanthemselves.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析:根据题干关键词youngersiblings,emulate,skill,strengths定位到原

文第三标题下第一段。艰据第二句：年幼的孩子模仿年长孩子的技能和长处，但其

模仿的原因文中并未提及。

8、Iftheagesofthesiblingsarecloser,theyoungeronesintendtoresistthehabits

introducedbytheolderones.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干关键词age,closer,resist,habits,younger,older,定位到

原文第三标题下第二段。根据第四句：心理学家JosephRodgers发现，尽管长兄长

姐的确经常使得弟弟妹妹学习他们的习惯，但如果他们的年龄与弟、妹年龄越近，

弟、妹就越有可能抵制池们的习惯。由此可知，题干与原文一致。

9、Seriouslyde-identifiedasbrothersandsisters,thereisoftenasubtlerandsweeter

betweenopposite-sexones.

标准答案：gendermodeling

知识点解析：根据题干关键词de-identified,subtle,sweet,opposite-sex定位到原

文第四标题下第一段。艰据第一句：Farsubtlety-andoftenfarsweeter—thantherisk­

takingmodelingthatoccursamongallsibsisthegendermodelingthatplaysoutbetween

opposite-sexoneso由此得知gendermodeling是答案。

10>Withtimegoingon,thewarmthbetweensibskeepsincreasingandthefrictions

标准答案：becomelessandless

知识点解析：根据题干关键词warmth,sibs,increase,friction定位到原文第五标

题下第一段第一句：Oneofthegreatestgiftsofthesiblingtieisthatwhilewarmth

growsovertime,theconflictsoftenbecomelessandless.由止匕得知becomelessand

less是答案。

11>Itisthatmakestheconnectionbetweensibsimportantandstrong.

标准答案：theirsharedearlychildhoodexperiences

知识点解析：根据题干关键词connection,sibs,important,strong定位到原文第五

标题下第二段最后一句："Whenaskedwhatcontributestotheimportanceofthe

relationshipnow,theysayit'sthesharedearlychildhoodexperiences,whichcasta

longshadowforallofus.”由此得知theirsharedearlychildhoodexperiences是答案。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、Hehopestomeettheprofessorsoon.

B、Hedoesn'tliketheprofessoratall.

C^HeishappythatProf.Smithwillbethedean.

D、HewantsProf.Smithtobethenewdean.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：男士回答“他是我最不想见的人“，可见他一点也不喜欢Smilh教授，

故选B项。

13、

A^Shedoesn'tthinkit'scoldenough.

B、Shebelievesit'sagooddaytoplayfootball.

C、Shebroughthersweateralongincaseit'sgettingcold.

D^Sheagreesthatitwasn'tsupposedtobesocold.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：女士同意男士的观点，并后悔没有带自己的厚毛衣，说明女士没有想

到天气会这么冷，故选D项。

14、

A、Shewantstolearnbasketball.

B、Shethinksplayingbasketballwillberelaxing.

C>Shedoesn'tunderstandthegamewell.

D、Shewantstowatchthegameagain.

标准答案：C:「

知识点解析：女士认为如果她能懂得比赛规则的话，她就能和男士一样喜欢在家看

篮球，故选C项。

15、

A、Thewomanwantstoeatatthestudentcanteen.

B、Thewomanisfedupwithcanteenfood.

C、ThewomanwantstoeatFrenchdinneratherhome.

D^ThewomanlikestheItalianfoodmost.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：男士提出要外出吃饭并询问女士的意见，女士因吃够了学校提供的意

大利菜，因此建议去吃法国菜，故选B项。

16、

A、Hedidn'tknowthepicturesatall.

B、Healsothoughttheywereinteresting.

C、Hewaseagertogetoneofthepictures.

D、Hedidn'tlikethepictures.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：男士回答的acquireatastefor是“开始喜欢，对...感兴趣”的意思，因

为男士的回答是否定的，所以他是不喜欢这类画的，故选D项。

17、

A、Theconversationprobablytakesplaceattheairport.

B、Theyareprobablytalkingatabank.

C、Theconversationhappensinajobregisteroffice.

D、Theyareprobablyuniversityclassmates.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：女士询问男士是否可以帮他开设支票户头，男士告诉她此柜台只能办

理存钱业务，对话可能发生在银行，故选B项。

18、

A、Themanwillbuyanewsuitforthefamilyreunion.

B、Themanwantstoleave,agoodimpressionwiththewoman.

C^Casualclothesareenoughforafamilyreunion.

D、BothsuitandT-shirtarenecessaryforthefamilyreunion.

标准答案：c

知识点。析：男士为了给女士家人留下好的印象，准备去买新的套装，女士认为牛

仔裤和体恤衫就很适合参加家庭聚会，故选C项。

19、

A、Peopleoftenaskhimtoplaythesongs.

B、Ticketsfortheconcertwereratherexpensive.

C、Theconcertwillbebroadcastontelevision.

D、Hehasn'tbeenplayingthepianolong.

标准答案：A」

知识点解析：女士非常享受男士的钢琴演奏，并明白为什么男士的演出会库无虚

席。男士回答说这些歌曲现在很流行，故选A项。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分,共3分。）

20、

A^Advertisingmedia.

B、Advertising.

C^Essenceofbranding.

D、Essenceoftheproduct.

标准答案：C

知识点露析：对话中Robertson先生提到，广告的精髓是要代表产品的真实性能，

这一点并不受广告媒体变化的影响，故选C项。

21、

A、Volvotakessafeapproachinbranding.

B、Companiesshouldn'tchangetheirbrandimageallthetime.

C、Themanager'sideasareusuallydifferentfromthoseofconsumers.

D、Theirmanagersneedtobechanged.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：对话中Robertson先生提到沃尔沃的例子，其中说每一个新到任的市

场总监都会在沃尔沃的品牌上做一些改动，但是消费者却始终认为沃尔沃汽车最重

要的是安全性能，并且由此可以推断，公司不应该经常改动广告形象，故选B

项。

22、

A、Usethemedialikeinternetandconference.

B、Treatthecustomersaswellastheboss.

C、Putsomepersonalinsightintothebrand.

D、Differentiatethebrand.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：在对话最后，Robertson先生提到，提高竞争力的最好办法是市场定

位有所不同.这样就能有效避免竞争.故选D项。

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A^Inacompany.

B、Inastudio.

C、Inaclassroom.

D、Atthewoman'shome.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：在对话开头男士说本周Worldmaster节目的内容是…，可推断对话发

生在节目演播室，故选B项。

24、

A、Howtogetsuccessfulinajobinterview.

B、Whatqualitiesagoodintervieweeshouldhave?

C、Theimportanceofaninterview.

D、Howtodowellinajob?

标准答案：A

知识点》析：在对话开头，男士点出了本次节目的话题是“如何通过面试“，之后提

问了几个关于如何准备面试和面试后的后续跟踪等问题，女士给出详细解答，故选

A项。A项中的togetsuccessfulinaninterview与对话中的surviveajobinterview同

义。

25、

A^Thebehavioroftheinterviewee.

B、Thecharacteroftheinterviewee.

C、Thetoneoftheinterviewee.

D、Theappearanceoftheinterviewee.

标准答案：c

知识点。析：在对话开头，女士提到接受面试的人应该避免语调单一，无抑扬顿

挫。言外之意是语调会影响面试效果，故选C项。

26、

A^Becauseitshowsyourpoliteness.

B、Becauseitgivesyouanotherchancetoemphasizeyouradvantages.

C、Becauseitwillremindtheinterviewersofyou.

D^Becauseitisoneofthewaysyouaskfortheresultoftheinterview.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：女士最后指出，面试后的后续感谢信是面试者再次强调自己的优势的

机会，故选B项。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题1.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Theyerebomtobepale.

B、Theydidnotliketravelinginsunnycountries.

C、Theywantedtobedifferentfromthepeasants.

D、Theythoughtlightcolorwasthecolorofhealth.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:推理判断题。文中提到noblewomendidtheirbesttokeeptheirskinsas

lightaspossible.Askinsopalewasconsideredamarkofgreatbeautyandnobleness.（贵

族妇人尽可能保持肤色洁白是因为白皙的肤色被认为是美丽和高贵的象征。）表明

贵族们极力想使自己和农民区分开来。因此答案是C。

28、

A、Peoplewithoutexposuretosunlight.

WealthypeopleinEuropecenturiesago.

C、WorkersduringtheIndustrialRevolution.

D、WealthypeopleduringtheIndustrialRevolution.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。本题问“哪些人会被晒黑?”文中提到Wealthypeople,

however,couldaffordtoiravcltosunnycountries.Theylayaroundonthebeachesand

gotatan,whichbecameasignofweallh.（有钱人去阳光充足的国家旅行，他们在沙滩

上躺着，皮肤被晒黑了，成为富有的象征。）tan指日晒后的颜色。选项A是说没有

得到日晒的人容易被晒黑，这不符合逻辑；选项B是说几个世纪前的欧洲贵

29、

A、Noblemencenturiesagodidnotliketraveling.

B、Heredityisnottheonlythingthatinfluencesourcolor,

C^Exposuretosunlightistheonlythingthatdeterminesskincolor.

D、HavingatanisconsideredasignofwealthnowadaysinNorthAmerica.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。短文第一句就点明了文章的主题：Heredityisnotthe

onlythingthatinfluencesourcolor.（遗传不是影响我们肤色的惟一因素。）接下来的

内容都围绕这个主题展开，结尾也进一步与此呼应，贵族的情况不是文章讨论的中

心，而只是举例论证主题的需耍，并且文中也没提到几个世纪前的贵族喜不喜欢旅

行，因此排除A项，影响肤色的因素有遗传，阳光和化妆品，C选项过于片面；

皮肤晒得黝黑被视为是富有的象征是工业革命时期的情况，D选项中的nowadays

与此不符。因此答

30、

A、Sortthemail.

B、Answerthemail.

C^Readthemagazines.

D、Fileimportantinformation.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:细节题。取据文中的Firstofall,whenyougetyourmail,openitand

soriitrighlaway.（首先，你一收到邮件就要打开，然后进行分类。）可知，答案是

Ao

31、

A^Paythebillsrightaway.

B、Readthemagazinesveryquickly.

C、Sortthearticlesintocategoriesforlaterreference.

D、Stopbuyingmagazineswhichyoudon,havetimetoread.

标准答案：D-

知识点解析:推理判断题。文中提到Ifyoufindyourselffallingbehindinyour

reading,letsomeofthosesubscriptionsgo.（如果你发现很多东西已经读不过来，就要

放弃其中的一些。）由此可推断本身有的杂志都看不过来，更不用说买新的了，所

以答案是D。

32、

A、Atleastonceamonth.

B、Atleasttwiceamonth.

C^Atleastonceayear.

D、Atleasttwiceayear.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。艰据文中的Makeitaruletocleanoutyourfilesandpapersat

leastonceayear（定下至少要一年整理一次文件的规矩），可知，本题答案为C。

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A、Themarketplaysanimportantroleinairlineservice.

B、Itintroducesthehistoryoftheaviationservice.

C^Itdescribesairlinecompanies.

D、Itintroducesthescaleandscopeofairlinecompanies.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章主要讲述了航空公司的一些发展的情况，故选C项。

34、

A、Businesspassengers.

B、Leisurepassengers.

C、Theincreasedprice.

D、Thecargoshipments.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章提到在过去的50年里，航空业的大趋势是由国企向独立的营利

性公司转变，故选B项。

35、

A、Airlineshavechangedfromseekingprofitstogovernment-ownedcompanies.

B、Airlineshavechangedfromgovernment-ownedtoindependentcompanies.

C^Airlinecompanieshavebrokenawayfromthecountry.

D、Airlinecompanieshavechangedtoallprivate-ownedcompanies.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：A项“商务乘客”、B项“休闲乘客”和D项“货运”文章中都有提到，只

有C项“价格增长”没有亮到，故选C项。

36、

A、Itexperiencesupanddownseveryotheryear.

B、Itsbusinessbecomesbetterorworseaftersomeyears.

C^Itsbusinessgreatlyimproveseveryfiveorsixyears.

D、Itsbusinessworsenseveryfiveorsixyears.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章提到，航空工业受宏观经济活动的影响，而且是季节性的、循环

性的，很难确定其发展情况，故选B项。

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题L0分，共

〃分。）

Inthepasthundredyearsamillionpeoplehavediedinearthquakes,anothermillionhave

beenkilledby[Bl]andtornadoesand9millionhavelosttheirlivesinfloods.

Inadditiontothismanymillionsmorehavediedasaresultoffamineanddisease.We

shouldalsonotforgetinmanyoftheworld'scountries[B2],chronicwater

shortage,isafactoflife,especiallyintheAfricanSahelregion[B3]theSahara

desert.Scientistsandengineersaroundtheworldhavemadegreatadvancesinearthquake

engineering.Itis,ofcourse,[B4]physicallytomovecitiessuchasTokyoand

SanFranciscothathavebeenbuiltinearthquake[B5].Butmostoftenitisnot

theearthquakethat[B6]people,itisthe[B7]buildings,bridgesand

otherstructuresthatcausedeaths,andthe[B8]ofthathappeningcanbegreatly

reducedbybetterbuildingprograms.[B9].[BIO]wehave

catapulted（弹射）hundredsofspeciesofplantsandanimalsintoextinction,atthesame

timepossiblywreckingourownlong-termprospectsforsurvival.[Bl1].

37、[Bl]

标准答案：hurricanes

知识点解析：空前的介词by和空后的并列成分andtornadoes提示所填词为名词，

而且意义与tomado一样表示自然灾害。hurricanes意为“飓风”，此空还要注意名词

的单复数形式。

38、[B2]

标准答案：drought

知识点解析：分析句子结构可知所填词为句子主语，chronicwalershorlage是所填

词的同位语，意为“长期持久的缺水”，所以所填词含义应为“旱灾，干旱drought

意为“旱灾”。

39、［B3］

标准答案：bordering

知识点解析：分析句子结构可知所填词构成的短语在句子中作theAfricanSahel

region的定语，应为表示两个地点方位关系的非谓语动词或介词。bordering意为

“在……边界，毗邻”。

40、［B4］

标准答案：unfeasible

知识点解析：空前的itis和空后的不定式结构todosth.提示所填词为形容词。不定

式部分tomovecitiessuchasTokyoandSanFrancisco显然是不可能办到的事，所填

词可能表达“不可能，不可行”的含义。unfeasible意为“不可行的”。

41、［B51

标准答案：zones

知识点解析：空前的介词in提示所填词为名词。根据常识东京和旧金山都建造在

地震带上，所填词可能表达“地区，地带”含义。zones意为“区”，注意单复数形

式。

42、［B6］

标准答案：kills

知识点解析：分析句子结构可知所填词在从句中作谓语，根据上下文时态可知应为

动词的第三人称单数形式。由下文的itisthe...buildings,bridgesandother

structuresthatcausedeaths,可知此处所填词表示“导致死亡"的意思。kill意为“致

死”。

43、［B7］

标准答案：collapsing

知识点解析：空前的定冠词the和空后的名词building提示所填词为形容词或作定

语的分词。联系上下文的earthquakeflbuildings,bridges等根据常识可以猜测所填

词表示“倒塌”的含义。collapsing意为“倒塌，崩溃”。

44、［B8］

标准答案：likelihood

知识点解析：空前的定冠词the和空后的。f短语樨示所填词为名词。上文已经提到

建筑物倒塌造成人员伤亡，本句可以通过好的建筑规划减少人类的死亡等等，所填

词可能表示“可能性，几率”的含义。likelihood”可能，可能性”。

45、[B9]

标准答案：Finally,perhapsweneedtoconsiderthenaturaldisasterthatwearecausing

ourselves或：Finally,maybeweshouldthinkaboutthenaturaldisasterwe'recausing

ourselves

知识点解析：此句的关键词为consider,naturaldisaster,cause。可以说,掌握了这

几个词，就掌握了句子的整体意思，不过在编辑中要注意句子的整体性，不要犯时

态或单复数等方面的语法错误。

46、[B10]

标准答案：Throughourmismanagementoftheplanet'sresources或：Bywayofour

inismaiiageineiiloftheeaiIlfsresources

知识点解析：此句的关健词为mismanagement,resources,词汇相对较少用，不过

通过下文可以推断出此空应为人类对资源、环境方面的错误做法，再结合所听内容

得出答案。另外，要注意名词的单复数形式。

47、[B11]

标准答案：Maybethisisonedisasterthatcouldbeavertedifwearewillingtoactwitha

senseofresponsibility或：Maybewecouldavoidthisdisasterifwearewillingtotake

responsibilityandtakeactions

知识点解析：此句较长，应把握disaster,act,sense等关键词和句子的主要意思。

averl意为“防止，避免“，asenseofresponsibility意为“责任感”。另外要注意句子的

完整性，不要出现语法方面的错误。

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分，共10分。）

Thedesireforachievementsisoneoflife'sgreatmysteries.Socialscientistshavedevoted

lifetimestostudyingthedrivesthatspurusoutofbedinthemorning,compelustowork

orstudyhardandsparkallmannerofhumanendeavor.Indeed,a1992textbookactually

documents32distincttheoriesofhumanmotivation.Giventhisdiversityofthought,it's

easytoforgetthatforahalfcentury,Americansocietyhasbeendominatedbythe

psychologicalschoolknownasbehaviorism,orSkinnerianpsychology.Although

behaviorismanditsfundamentalprincipleof"positivereinforcement"havelongsince

losttheirwayinacademiccircles,theSkinnerianlegacyremainspowerfulineveryrealm

oftrashout.Doit,andyoucangotothemoviesFridaynight.Notinthemoodforwork?

Keeppluggingaway,andyoumightgetabonus.Notinterestincalculus?StriveforanA

intheclass,andyouwillmakethehonorroll.Thetheorymaybebankrupt,butincentives

andrewardsarcsomuchapartofAmericanculturethatit'shardtoimaginelifewithout

them.Yetthat'sexactlywhatagrowinggroupofresearchersareadvocatingtoday.A

steadystreamofresearchhasfoundthatratherthanencouraginganddiminishing

performance,"oursocietyiscaughtinawhoppingparadox,"assertsAlfieKohn,author

ofthenewbookpublishedbyRewards（HoughtonMifflin）,whichsurveysrecent

researchontheeffectivenessofrewards."Wecomplainloudlyaboutdeclining

productivity,thecrisisofourschoolandthedistortedvaluesofourchildren.Butthevery

strategyweusetosolvethoseproblems-damagingrewardslikeincentiveplansand

gradeandcandybarsinfrontofpeople-ispartlyresponsibleforthefixwe'rein."It'sa

toughargumenttomakeinaculturethatcelebratesthespoilsofsuccess.Yetstudyafter

studyshowsthatpeopletendtoperformworse,togiveupmoreeasilyandtoloseinterest

morequicklywhenarewardisin-volved.Childrenwhoaregiventreatsfordoing

artwork,forexample,losetheirinitialloveofartwithinweeks.Teenagerswhoare

promisedarewardfortutoringyoungstersdon'tteachasenthusiasticallyastutorsoffered

nothing.Andchiefexecutiveofficerswhohavebeenawardedlongtermincentiveplans

haveoftensteeredtheircompaniestowardlowerreturns.

48、Accordingtobehaviorism,wecanpromotehumanactionsbymeansof.

A、rewardsandincentives

B、humanmotivation

C、e