云南省曲靖市2025届高三上学期第一次教学质量监测试题 英语 含解析

绝密★启用前曲靖市2024-2025学年高三年级第一次教学质量监测英语试题卷本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。作答非选择题时，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。3.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inadepartmentstore.C.Inaprintshop.2.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Playingagame.B.Watchingamatch.C.Takinganexam.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aninvitationtodinner.B.Italianfood.C.Anewrestaurant.4.Howdoesthewomanprobablygettoworknow?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bye-bike.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Theboyislying.B.Sheagreestotheboy'srequest.C.Theboykeepsmanycats.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salesmanandcustomer.B.Co-workers.C.Husbandandwife.7.WhenwillJerryarriveattheairport?A.At5:00p.m.B.At6:00p.m.C.At7:00p.m.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthemanprobablydoingforthewoman?A.Bookingaticket.B.Pickingherup.C.Seeingheroff.9.Whatdoesthewomando?A.She'sadriver.B.She'sasinger.C.She'sadoctor.10.Whatdidthemandotohelpthewoman?A.Bookthehotel.B.LookafterSamuel.C.Jointheplay.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tomakeanappointment.B.Toaskforadvice.C.Toborrowabrochure.12.Whatmajordoesthewomanwanttochoose?A.Law.B.English.C.Computerengineering.13.Whatcanwesayabouttheman?A.He'sbrave.B.He'squiet.C.He'swise.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WhatisthepossiblesubjectofLyndaMinter'spaintings?A.People'sportraits.B.Naturalscenery.C.Artificialflowers.15.HowdidLyndaMinterstarttolearnoilpainting?A.Bystudyinginanartschool.B.Byself-study.C.Bylearningfromherparents.16.WhatdoesLyndaMintervaluemost?A.Havingasoloexhibitionin2008.B.Displayingallherworksinthemuseum.C.Beingfamousasasculptorandpainter.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howmanyshopsdoesthecompanyhaveinthecitynow?A.Six.B.Seven.C.Eight.18.Whatwillcustomersgetfromtheclosingshops?A.Freeshipping.B.Oneproductforfree.C.Specialshoppingcards.19.Whydoesthecompanydecidetoclosesomeshops?A.Itfacesfiercecompetition.B.It'smovingtonewbusiness.CItdoesn'thaveenoughworkers.20.Whatwillthecompanydotomeetthemarketdemand?A.Lowertheprices.B.Cooperatewithsimilarcompanies.C.Workonanewcomputer.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInthehighlycompetitivecollegeadmissionslandscape,extracurricularsareoftenthekeydifferentiators(区分因素).Academiccompetitionsnotonlyhighlightyourintellectualabilitiesbutalsohelpdemonstrateteamworkandproblem-solvingskills.TheSlingshotChallengeTheSlingshotChallengeisaninitiativebytheNationalGeographicSocietythatencouragesyoungpeopleaged13to18tocomeupwithinnovativesolutionstoenvironmentalissues.Participantscansubmitaone-minutevideooutliningtheirideasforachancetowinupto$10,000infundingtoimplementtheirprojects.ChemicalEducationalFoundation’sTheChallengeAlthoughit’sonlyopentomiddleschoolstudentsingrades5-8,theChemicalEducationFoundation’sTheChallengeisanopportunityforbuddingscientiststoexploretheirinterestsinSTEMfields!Teamsof3-4participantscompeteinexciting,time-basedroundsofquestionsandresponses.Additionally,teamsgettocreateoriginalvideosto“launchastart-upcompany”aroundcommunity-basedsustainabilitysolutions.JohnLockeInstituteCompetitionTheJohnLockeInstituteisauniqueessaycompetitionforhighschoolers.Thetopprizeisoneofthemostexcitingwritingawardsforhighschoolersinthecountry.Participantscanselectoneofthreetopicstoaddressina2,000-wordessay.Thetopicschangefromyeartoyearbutalwaysrelatetophilosophy,politics,history,law,theology,economics,orpsychology.NationalYoungComposersChallengeTheNationalYoungComposersChallengeisawonderfulcompetitionforinstrumentalcomposersbetween13and18yearsoldintheUnitedStates.Participantsareaskedtosubmitoneoriginalcomposition,eitherfororchestraorforasmall(2-6instruments)ensemble.Thecompositions.mustbeunderfiveminutes.Thetopthreecomposersineachcategoryreceivecashprizes,aswellasprofessionalperformancesandrecordingsoftheirworks!1.Whichrequiresparticipantstosubmitarticles?A.TheSlingshotChallenge B.ChemicalEducationalFoundation’sTheChallengeC.JohnLockeInstituteCompetition D.NationalYoungComposersChallenge2.WhatdoTheSlingshotChallengeandNationalYoungComposersChallengehaveincommon?A.Participantsarerequiredtosubmitvideos. B.Participantsfocusonenvironmentalproblems.C.Winnerswillobtainprofessionalsuggestions. D.Winnerswillbefinanciallyrewarded.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowtheprocessofcollegeadmission. B.Torecommendcontestsforstudents.C.Tostresstheimportanceofextracurriculars. D.Todemonstrateskillsrequiredforcompetitions.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文简单介绍了四个针对学生群体的课外竞赛活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段JohnLockeInstituteCompetition部分中“TheJohnLockeInstituteisauniqueessaycompetitionforhighschoolers.Thetopprizeisoneofthemostexcitingwritingawardsforhighschoolersinthecountry.(约翰·洛克研究所是一个面向高中生的独特作文比赛。最高奖是该国高中生最激动人心的写作奖之一)”可知，约翰·洛克研究所竞赛要求参与者提交文章。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段TheSlingshotChallenge部分中“Participantscansubmitaone-minutevideooutliningtheirideasforachancetowinupto$10,000infundingtoimplementtheirprojects.(参与者可以提交一段一分钟的视频，概述他们的想法，以获得高达10000美元的资金来实施他们的项目)”以及倒数第二段JohnLockeInstituteCompetition部分中“Thetopthreecomposersineachcategoryreceivecashprizes,aswellasprofessionalperformancesandrecordingsoftheirworks!(每个类别中排名前三位的作曲家将获得现金奖励，以及专业表演和他们的作品录音！)”可知，弹弓挑战和全国青年作曲家挑战赛的共同点是获胜者将获得经济奖励。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Inthehighlycompetitivecollegeadmissionslandscape,extracurricularsareoftenthekeydifferentiators(区分因素).Academiccompetitionsnotonlyhighlightyourintellectualabilitiesbutalsohelpdemonstrateteamworkandproblem-solvingskills.(在竞争激烈的大学录取环境中，课外活动往往是关键的区别因素。学术竞赛不仅凸显了你的智力，还有助于展示你的团队合作和解决问题的能力)”以及后文对四个竞赛的介绍可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了给学生推荐竞赛。故选B。BRussellCassevahhasbeenobsessedwithLegossincehewas4,whenhismomlethimpickouthisfirstsetafteratriptothedoctor’soffice.Asanadult,hetookhisloveofLegostoanotherlevel:hebrokeGuinnessworldrecordsforwalkingbarefootmorethanhalfamileupanddownapathcoveredwithsharpLegobricks.Afterhisfirstworldrecord,CassevahdecidedhecoulduseLegosforgood:hequithisdayjobandbegantravelingthecountrytodeliverfreeLegostochildren’shospitalsthroughthenonprofithecreated,LittleBricksCharity.Eachyear,heusesdonationstobuyandgiveawaymorethan$120,000worthofLegosetsto29children’shospitalsnationwide.CassevahrecentlycompletedaroadtriptotheArkansasChildren’sNorthwestHospitalinSpringdale,wherehedonated$9,000worthofnewLegosetstoyoungpatients.Oneofthem,HewittKahana,wasstayinginthehospitalforhisthirdchemotherapy(化疗)treatmentwhenhespottedCassevahsittingatatablecoveredwithnewLegosets.HewitthasalwaysbeenaLegofan,andhehadrecentlyfinishedbuildingaminiEgyptianpyramidathomeinbetweentreatmentsforabraintumor.WhenCassevahnoticedHewitt’sexcitement,hehandedhimaLegoGalaxyExplorersetandaskedifhecouldhelphimtobuildit.Hewittenthusiasticallysaidyes.“Cassevahwasreallycool,andbuildingLegoswithhimmademefeelhappy,”Hewittsaid.“YoucouldtellthatCassevahreallycaredaboutthekidsandwastheretobringsmilesandencouragement.ItwaswonderfultowatchhimandHewittbuildingandlaughing,”addedHewitt’smom,ChristenSluyter.“WhenIbuildwithkids,mygoalistocreatefunmemoriesandgivethemavoiceandletthemtalk.Hewittknewsomuchaboutwhathewasgoingthrough.YoucouldalsotellthatLegoswerehisescapeandjoy.Morethananything,welaughedandhadfun.Hewittknewalotaboutthebricksandeventaughtmeafewthings.MytimewithhimreinforcedmyfeelingthatI’montherightpath,”Cassevahsaid.4.WhatisthemissionofLittleBricksCharity?A.Toraisemoneyforchildrenwithcancer. B.Togiftlegostohospitalizedchildren.C.Toencouragekidstowalkonlegosbarefoot. D.Tocreateworldrecordsrelatedtolegos.5.WhatkindofpersonisCassevahaccordingtoChristenSluyter?A.Persistent. B.Caring. C.Humorous. D.Courageous.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reinforced”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Hid. B.Hurt. C.Strengthened. D.Reduced.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Legos:YoungPatients’Escape B.SickKids’JoyinChildren’sHospitalsC.ALegoFan’sGreatWorldRecords D.FromWalkingonLegostoDonatingThem【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了罗素·卡塞瓦（RussellCassevah）从小热爱乐高，成年后甚至创造了赤脚在乐高积木上行走的世界纪录。之后，他决定用乐高做更有意义的事情，创建了非营利组织“小砖块慈善机构”（LittleBricksCharity），致力于向全国的儿童医院捐赠乐高积木，给住院儿童带去快乐。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“hequithisdayjobandbegantravelingthecountrytodeliverfreeLegostochildren’shospitalsthroughthenonprofithecreated,LittleBricksCharity(他辞去了日常工作，并开始通过他创立的非营利组织LittleBricksCharity，在全国各地向儿童医院免费赠送乐高积木)”可知，Cassevah辞去了日常工作，开始通过他创建的非营利组织LittleBricksCharity向儿童医院免费赠送乐高积木。因此，LittleBricksCharity的使命是给住院儿童赠送乐高积木。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中Hewitt妈妈ChristenSluyter所说的话“YoucouldtellthatCassevahreallycaredaboutthekidsandwastheretobringsmilesandencouragement.ItwaswonderfultowatchhimandHewittbuildingandlaughing,”addedHewitt’smom,ChristenSluyter.(“你可以看出，Cassevah非常关心这些孩子，他想给他们带来笑容和鼓励。看着他和Hewitt一起搭建乐高、开怀大笑，真是太好了，”Hewitt的妈妈ChristenSluyter补充道)”可知，Cassevah非常关心孩子们，并给他们带去微笑和鼓励。因此，可以推断出Cassevah是一个有爱心的人。故选B。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段中划线词前面的内容“Morethananything,welaughedandhadfun.Hewittknewalotaboutthebricksandeventaughtmeafewthings.

(最重要的是，我们笑了，玩得很开心。Hewitt知道很多关于乐高的知识，甚至还教了我一些东西)”以及划线词所在的句子“MytimewithhimreinforcedmyfeelingthatI’montherightpath(和他在一起的时光让我更加reinforced自己走在了正确的道路上)”可知，Hewitt知道很多关于乐高的知识，甚至还教了Cassevah一些东西，因此与Hewitt在一起的时间加强了Cassevah觉得自己走在正确道路上的感觉。因此，可以推断出“reinforced”在此处的意思是“加强、巩固”，选项C“Strengthened.(增强，加强)”与其意思相近。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文文章主要讲述了Cassevah从小热爱乐高，成年后创造了赤脚在乐高积木上行走的世界纪录，之后他决定用乐高做更有意义的事情，于是辞去了工作，开始通过他创建的非营利组织向儿童医院捐赠乐高积木。因此，D选项“FromWalkingonLegostoDonatingThem(从在乐高上行走到捐赠它们)”符合文章标题。故选D。CAregionofthebraincalledtheamygdala(杏仁核)isresponsibleforpowerfulemotionslikefear.Now,researchershavefoundtheregionmayalsobetoblameforovereating.ColdSpringHarborLaboratory(CSHL)ProfessorBoLihasdiscoveredagroupofneurons(神经元)intheregionthatdrivesmicetoeatfattyorsugaryfoods—evenwhenthey’renothungry.Likemostpeople,micealsotendtofindfoodshighinfatandsugarthetastiest.Theymayenjoythesetreatsforpleasure,ratherthanforsurvival.TheneuronsLiandhiscolleaguesstudiedcausethisbehavior,calledhedonic(享乐的)eating.“Eveniftheanimalissupposedtostopeatingbecausetheyarealreadyfull,ifthoseneuronsarestillactive,theycanstilldrivethoseanimalstoeatmore,”Linotes.Whentheteamswitchedoffthespecificneurons,miceweren’tdrawntothefattyandsugaryfoodsthathadattractedthembefore.“Theyjusthappilyateandstayedhealthy,”Lisays.“Theynotonlystoppedgainingweight,butalsoseemedtobemuchhealthieroverall.”Switchingtheseneuronsoffreducedovereatingandprotectedagainstobesity.Italsoboostedtheanimals’physicalactivity,leadingtoweightlossandbetterhealth.Liandhisteamareexploringwaystocontroltheneuronsthatcausehedoniceating.Thenextstep,hesays,istomapouthowtheseneuronsrespondtodifferenttypesoffoodandseewhatmakesthemsosensitive.Hehopesthiscollaborationwillleadtonewstrategiesforeffectiveanti-obesitytherapeutics(疗法).Therapeuticstargetingtheseneuronscouldleadtonewtreatmentsforobesitywithminimalsideeffects.“Themedicationscurrentlyavailabletoaidweightmanagementcancausesignificantsideeffects.So,amoretargetedapproachisneeded,”Lisays.“Identifyingthebrainneuronsthatcontrolseatingisimportantfordevelopingbettertreatmentoptionsforpeoplewhostruggletocontroltheirweight.”8.Whatdoesthestudyfocuson?A.Thecausesofbecomingoverweight. B.Theconnectionbetweenbrainandfear.C.Thelinkbetweenbrainandappetite. D.Theeffectsoffattyandsugaryfood.9.Whathappentomicewhenspecificneuronsintheamygdalaareswitchedoff?A.Theyareattractedbyfattyandsugaryproducts. B.Theyaremorelikelytobevictimsofobesity.C.Theysufferacompletelossofappetiteforfood. D.Theyincreasephysicalactivityandgetbetterhealth.10.WhatdoesProfessorBoLiwanttodonext?A.Knowmoreaboutspecificneuronsintheamygdala. B.Testnewtherapeuticsonpeoplewithobesity.C.Identifysideeffectsoftreatmentsforobesity. D.Usecurrentmethodstotreateatingdisorders.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thesignificanceofthestudy. B.Thelimitationofthestudy.C.Thechallengesofthestudy. D.Thepossiblereasonforthefinding.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了中国科学家李波教授及其团队的研究发现：大脑中的杏仁核区域与食欲有关，特定神经元会促使小鼠过度进食高脂肪或高糖食物。李教授团队正探索控制这些神经元的方法，以期开发出副作用更小的肥胖治疗新策略。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Aregionofthebraincalledtheamygdala(杏仁核)isresponsibleforpowerfulemotionslikefear.Now,researchershavefoundtheregionmayalsobetoblameforovereating.(大脑中一个被称为杏仁核的区域负责像恐惧这样强烈的情绪。现在，研究人员发现，该地区也可能是暴饮暴食的罪魁祸首)”可知，研究关注的是大脑杏仁核区域与过度进食之间的关系，即大脑与食欲之间的联系。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Switchingtheseneuronsoffreducedovereatingandprotectedagainstobesity.Italsoboostedtheanimals’physicalactivity,leadingtoweightlossandbetterhealth.(关闭这些神经元可以减少暴饮暴食，防止肥胖。它还促进了动物的身体活动，导致体重减轻，更健康)”可知，当杏仁核中的特定神经元被关闭时，小鼠不再被高脂肪和高糖食物吸引，而且它们的身体活动增加，健康状况得到改善。因此，选项D“Theyincreasephysicalactivityandgetbetterhealth.(它们增加身体活动并获得更好的健康)”符合题意。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Liandhisteamareexploringwaystocontroltheneuronsthatcausehedoniceating.Thenextstep,hesays,istomapouthowtheseneuronsrespondtodifferenttypesoffoodandseewhatmakesthemsosensitive.

(李和他的团队正在探索控制导致享乐性进食的神经元的方法。他说，下一步是绘制出这些神经元对不同类型食物的反应，看看是什么让它们如此敏感)”可知，李教授和他的团队正在探索控制导致享乐性进食的神经元的方法，下一步是绘制出这些神经元对不同类型食物的反应，并找出使它们如此敏感的原因。因此，选项A“Knowmoreaboutspecificneuronsintheamygdala.(了解更多关于杏仁核中特定神经元的信息)”符合题意。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Therapeuticstargetingtheseneuronscouldleadtonewtreatmentsforobesitywithminimalsideeffects.(针对这些神经元的治疗方法可能会带来副作用最小的肥胖新疗法)”以及““Identifyingthebrainneuronsthatcontrolseatingisimportantfordevelopingbettertreatmentoptionsforpeoplewhostruggletocontroltheirweight.”(“确定控制饮食的大脑神经元对于为控制体重而挣扎的人开发更好的治疗方案非常重要。”)”可知，文章最后一段主要讲述了研究的意义，即针对这些神经元的治疗可能为肥胖提供新的、副作用最小的治疗方法，确定控制进食的大脑神经元对于为那些难以控制体重的人开发更好的治疗方案很重要。因此，选项A“Thesignificanceofthestudy.(研究的意义)”概括本段主要内容。故选A。DBasedonthemanuscripts(手稿)foundinDunhuang,China,XinWen’sTheKingsRoad:DiplomacyandtheRemakingoftheSilkRoadisanaccountofthediplomaticmissionsthattookplaceineasternEurasiabetween800CEand1100CE.Ratherthanfocusingonthepoliticalaspectofdiplomaticrelations,XinWenconcentratesonthepracticalaspectsofrelationsinwhathecallsa“bottom-upview”ofdiplomacy.Thebookisanexcellentbalanceofdetailedanalysisofprimarysourceswhilealsoshowingthesignificanceofthosedocumentsinabroadhistoricalcontext.ThisbookshowsDunhuang’sstrategicimportancesinceitlayattheheartoftheconflictsandtraderoutesamongvariousstatesineasternEurasia.Thisbookisdividedintothreeparts,andeachparthasitsownguidingquestion.InPartOne,theauthorasks:whobecamediplomatictravelers?Thebookthenspendsitsfirstthreechaptersonthisquestion.ChapterOneintroducestheDunhuangmanuscriptcollection.ChapterTwogivesanaccountoftheextremelydiversepeoplewhomadeupdiplomaticmissions.ChapterThreefocusesonthecommoditiesthatthediplomatscarriedwiththem,suchasfood,clothes,texts,animals,andluxuryitems.PartTwoposesthequestion:howdidtheytravel?Thisquestionisansweredinthenextfourchapters.ChapterFourlooksatthephysicalconditionsoftheroad,andChapterFivedealswiththesocialcustomsoftravelers.ChapterSixexplainstheimportantroleofgift-givingindiplomaticexchanges,andChapterSevenstudiestheuseoflanguage.InPartThree,theauthorexplorestheinquiryregardingthetypesofinternationalconnectionsthatthetravelerscreated.Thenextthreechaptersofthebook,whichexplorethisquestion,respectively(分别地)lookattheeconomic,political,andculturalconsequencesofthenetworkofdiplomatictravelers.Thebook’soverallargumentisthat,despitethedeclineoftheTangDynasty,theSilkRoadcontinuedtofunctionasamechanismfortheexchangeofpeople,goods,andideasineasternEurasia.Thisbookisaremarkablyin-depthanalysisofanimportanttopicthathaspreviouslyreceivedlittleattention.Asonemightexpectfromsuchanacademicbook,itiswritteninaveryformalandscholarlytonewithfewmapsandillustrations.Itwouldprobablybeadifficultbookforareaderwithoutsomedegreeoffamiliaritywiththetopic.TothefieldofAsianStudies,thisbookisahighlyvaluableandinsightfulnewcontribution.12.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anintroductiontoabook. B.Areviewofancientmanuscripts.C.Aguidebooktodiplomaticrelations. D.AnessayonthehistoryoftheSilkRoad.13.WhatdoesXinWencenteroninTheKing’sRoad:DiplomacyandtheRemakingoftheSilkRoad?A.Thediscoveryofmanuscripts. B.Thepoliticalaspectofdiplomacy.C.Thepracticalaspectofdiplomaticrelations. D.TheconflictsofdifferentstatesinEurasia.14.WhatispresentedinChapterTen?A.Typesofcommoditiesthattravelerscarry. B.Economicconsequencesofthenetworkoftravelers.C.Politicalinfluencesofthediplomatictravelers. D.Culturalconnectionsthattravelerscreated.15.WhatisafeatureofTheKing’sRoad:DiplomacyandtheRemakingoftheSilkRoad?A.Itoffersagreatanalysisofanignoredtopic. B.Itadoptsadown-to-earthwritingstyle.C.Itincludessufficientmapsandillustrations. D.Itisintendedforsomeoneunfamiliarwiththetopic.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文简单介绍了中国学者辛文所著的《国王之路：外交与丝绸之路的重塑》一书。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章首段“XinWen’sTheKingsRoad:DiplomacyandtheRemakingoftheSilkRoadisanaccountofthediplomaticmissionsthattookplaceineasternEurasiabetween800CEand1100CE.(文欣的《国王之路：外交与丝绸之路的重塑》一书记述了公元800年至1100年间东欧亚地区的外交使节活动)”以及后文对书籍内容的详细描述，文章主要介绍了文欣所著的《国王之路：外交与丝绸之路的重塑》一书的内容、结构和主要论点，可以推断出这篇文章很可能是一篇书籍介绍。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Ratherthanfocusingonthepoliticalaspectofdiplomaticrelations,XinWenconcentratesonthepracticalaspectsofrelationsinwhathecallsa‘bottom-upview’ofdiplomacy.(文欣没有专注于外交关系的政治方面，而是专注于他所称的“自下而上的外交观”中的关系的实用方面)”可知，文欣在该书中主要关注的是外交关系的实用方面。因此，选项C“Thepracticalaspectofdiplomaticrelations.(外交关系的实用方面)”符合题意。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“InPartThree,theauthorexplorestheinquiryregardingthetypesofinternationalconnectionsthatthetravelerscreated.Thenextthreechaptersofthebook,whichexplorethisquestion,respectively(分别地)lookattheeconomic,political,andculturalconsequencesofthenetworkofdiplomatictravelers.(在第三部分，作者探讨了旅行者所创造的国际联系类型的问题。书中接下来探讨这个问题的三个章节，分别审视了外交旅行者网络的经济、政治和文化影响)”以及后文提到的“ChapterTen”属于第三部分的内容，可以推断出第十章介绍的是旅行者所创造的文化联系。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Thisbookisaremarkablyin-depthanalysisofanimportanttopicthathaspreviouslyreceivedlittleattention.(这本书对一个以前很少受到关注的重要话题进行了非常深入的分析)”可知，《国王之路：外交与丝绸之路的重塑》一书的特点是对一个以前很少受到关注的重要话题进行了深入的分析。因此，选项A“Itoffersagreatanalysisofanignoredtopic.(它对一个被忽视的话题进行了很好的分析)”符合题意。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultivatinggoodpracticesandintegratingthemintoyourdailyroutinecanmakeyouafarmoredynamic,efficient,andproductivewriter.Infact,makingafewsmalladjustmentscanmakeallthedifference.WriteEveryDayTrytowriteeverydaywithoutfail.____16____Dependingonyourscheduleandothercommitments,anhouradayfiveorsixdaysaweekwouldbeagoodstartingpoint.Ifyourtimeisespeciallylimited,trytoorganizeyourthoughtsanddevelopanideaofwhatyouwanttowritebeforehandsoitsaves“thinking”timewhentheopportunitycomestositdownatthecomputer.____17____Thismeansfilingawayeverythingyouwriteinalogicalordersoyoucaneasilyfinditagainlater,andregularlybackingupyourfilestoavoidlosinganything.Maketo-dolistssoyoudon’tforgetanythingimportant,prioritizetime-sensitiveprojects,andkeepdetailedrecordsofeverythingyousubmit.CreateClearGoals____18____Putforwardastrategythatwillgiveyouthebestchanceofgettingthere.Oneinescapablecommitmentiswordcount.Youshouldalwaysaimtoworksmarter,notharder,butasawriter,youwon’tgetveryfarifyoudon’twrite.ReadWidelyTrytosetasideareadingperiod—halfanhourimmediatelybeforeyougotosleep,forexample—andsticktoit.Don’tjustreadyourfavoritetypes,butreadeverythingyoucangetyourhandson.Studythevarioustechniquesandstylesyoucomeacross.____19____Youcanlearnjustasmuchfrombadwritingasyoucanfromgoodwriting.KeepRecordsLifeishappeningallaroundyou,sodocumentasmuchofitasyoucan.Youneverknowwheninspirationwillstrike.Whileagreatmanywritersstillprefertheold“penandnotepad”approach,youcanjusteasilywritenotesusinganapponyoursmartphoneorevenemailthemtoyourself.Whenyouhaveanideaforastory,writeitdownimmediately.____20____A.BeOrganizedB.SubmitFilesonTimeC.Itdoesn’tevenhavetobeforlong.D.Don’ttrustyourselftorememberitlater.E.Makenotesaboutwhatworksandwhatdoesn’t.F.Thinkseriouslyaboutwhatyouwanttoaccomplish.G.Goodwritingbeginswithadeepunderstandingofyoursubject.【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.E20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高写作效率和生产力的几个建议。16题详解】上文提到“Trytowriteeverydaywithoutfail.(尽量每天都要写作)”，强调了每天写作的重要性；C选项“Itdoesn'tevenhavetobeforlong.(甚至不需要很长时。)”进一步说明，即使每天写作的时间不长，也是有益的，与上文形成补充，鼓励人们即使时间有限也要坚持写作，符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】此空为段落标题。根据下文“Thismeansfilingawayeverythingyouwriteinalogicalordersoyoucaneasilyfinditagainlater,andregularlybackingupyourfilestoavoidlosinganything.(这意味着你要把你写的所有东西都按逻辑顺序归档，这样你以后就能很容易地再次找到它们，并定期备份你的文件以避免丢失任何东西)”可知，本段主要讲的是要保持写作内容的条理性，A选项“BeOrganized(有条理)”能够准确概括本段大意，适合作为段落标题。故选A。【18题详解】下文“Putforwardastrategythatwillgiveyouthebestchanceofgettingthere.(提出一个能给你最大成功机会的策略)”提到了要制定策略来实现目标，F选项“Thinkseriouslyaboutwhatyouwanttoaccomplish.(认真思考你想实现什么目标)”则强调了设定明确目标的重要性，是提出策略的前提，符合题意。故选F。【19题详解】上文“Studythevarioustechniquesandstylesyoucomeacross.(研究你遇到的各种技巧和风格)”提到要学习不同的写作技巧和风格；E选项“Makenotesaboutwhatworksandwhatdoesn't.(记录下哪些有效，哪些无效)”则进一步说明，在学习过程中要做笔记，总结经验和教训，符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】上文“Whenyouhaveanideaforastory,writeitdownimmediately.(当你有了一个故事的想法时，立即写下来)”强调了有灵感时要立即记录；D选项“Don'ttrustyourselftorememberitlater.(不要指望自己以后能记住)”则是对上文的补充，提醒人们不要依赖记忆力，要立即行动，符合题意。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。Acompetitivecyclistandrunner,JillWheatleyworkedasaPhysicsEdteacherinEuropewhenshewasaccidentallyhitinthe____21____byabaseballduringclass.Theseverityoftheblow____22____toatraumatic(创伤的)braininjury(TBI)anda70%vision____23____,includingpermanentblindnessinoneeye.Shewasleftwithabsenceofdepthsense—a____24____blowtoanathlete.Inadditiontothephysicalwounds,itleftJillinadeepstateof____25____.Thusshestartedanunbelievable____26____throughsevendifferenthospitalsthatlastedovertwoyears.Atonepoint,Wheatleywasreadytogiveup.“Ireallydidnotthinkthatlifewasworthlivingatthattime,”she____27____.Neartheendofherrecovery,WheatleyendedupinanintensivecareunitinColorado.____28____bythemountainviewfromherhospitalbed,she____29____agoal:toruntrailsonmountainsallaroundtheworldwithonly30%ofhervision—achallengetoher_____30_____bodyandthereturntoindependencethatshe_____31_____.Wheatleyspentovertwoyearsinhospitalbeds,tryingto_____32_____herstrength,butshesoughthertrue_____33_____innature.Now,nearly3yearsintothisadventure,shehasrunmountaintrailsacrosstheSwissandFrenchAlps,theHimalayas,ColoradoRockiesandsoon.When_____34_____howshecouldpossiblygofromherlowestlowtoclimbingtheworld’shighestmountains,Wheatleysaid,“Notrail,_____35_____howsteepoftheclimb,couldchallengememorefiercelythanmyTBIandso,Imappedoutajourneyaroundtheglobetorediscovermyself.”21.A.chest B.waist C.head D.back22.A.contributed B.adapted C.attended D.responded23.A.recovery B.loss C.ability D.system24.A.miserable B.gentle C.severe D.cheerful25.A.satisfaction B.emergency C.confusion D.despair26.A.campaign B.journey C.operation D.training27.A.confirmed B.recalled C.regretted D.whispered28.A.Inspired B.Moved C.Accompanied D.Persuaded29.A.assessed B.achieved C.changed D.formed30.A.tired B.slim C.broken D.awkward31.A.won B.avoided C.desired D.encountered32.A.regain B.test C.consume D.show33.A.problem B.dream C.opportunity D.healing34.A.criticized B.informed C.requested D.asked35.A.regardlessof B.apartfrom C.withregardto D.ratherthan【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.C25.D26.B27.B28.A29.D30.C31.C32.A33.D34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了竞技自行车手兼跑步选手吉尔·惠特利在一次上课期间意外被棒球击中头部，导致严重脑损伤和70%的视力丧失，但她没有放弃，在经历两年的治疗与恢复后，她凭借仅30%的视力挑战世界各地的山径跑步，重新发现了自我。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名竞技自行车手和跑步选手，吉尔·惠特利Jill