山东省威海市2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题 含解析

高一英语本试卷共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。注意事项：1.答卷前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号填写在答题卡上。2.选择题，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。笔答题，用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Acafé.B.Amusichall.C.Asportscenter.2.Whattimeisitnow?A5:30p.m..B.6:00p.m..C.6:30p.m..3.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Afarmer.B.Ashopkeeper.C.Asalesman.4.Whatdidthemanprobablylose?A.Hisbooks.B.Hisphone.C.HisIDcard.5.Whichactivitydoesthewomanwanttohaveatry?A.Running.B.Climbing.C.Swimming.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6.Howdidthewomanfeelabouthercomingbirthdayatfirst?A.Worried.B.Eager.C.Sad.7.Whowillthespeakersprobablytalktonext?A.Theirparents.B.Theirfriends.C.Theirteacher.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Motherandson.C.Cookandcustomer.9.Whichcountrydoesfishcakebelongto?A.India.B.China.C.Mexico.10.WhatdoesthemanthinkofChinesefood?A.It’skindofhot.B.Itishealthy.C.Itisdelicious.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。11.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atauniversity.C.Atacompany.12.WhatisdifficultforEmma?A.Managingtime.B.Makingfriends.C.Understandinglectures.13.WhatdoesthemansuggestEmmadointheend?A.Neversay“no”.B.Finishlargetasksfirst.C.Don’toverplan.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。14.Wheredidthewomangolastyear?A.Africa.B.Europe.C.America.15.Whatdothespeakershaveincommon?A.Theyarefondofwildlife.B.Theylovetravellingabroad.C.TheylikeEuropeanbuildings.16.Whatwastheman’sfavoritepartofhisvacation?A.Eatingseafood.B.Enjoyingseaviews.C.Watchingasharkshow.17.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Eatamealtogether.B.Exerciseinthegym.C.Gototheirclasses.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。18.Howdoesthespeakerusuallyspendhersummers?A.Bytraveling.B.Byvisitingfamily.C.Byexploringherhometown.19.Whathappenedtothespeakeronherfirstvisittothebookstore?A.Shegotapart-timejob.B.Shemadeanewfriend.C.Shefoundsomeoldbooks.20.What’sthemainpurposeofthetalk?A.ToinvitepeopletovisitShanghai.B.Toattractpeopletogotothebookstore.C.Toencouragepeopletosharetheirstories.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhenitcomestofood,youreallycanhavetoomuchofagoodthing.Thesefoodscanbehealthy,butonlywhenyoudon’toverdoit.NutsNutsareanextraordinarysourceofhealthyfats,whichcanbebeneficialformaintainingahealthyheart.Despitethebenefits,nutsaresopercentfatandhighincalories.Addingafewhandfulstoyourdailydiettoreplaceunhealthyfatsisideal,butdonotcattoomuch.CheeseCheese(alongwithmostdairyproducts)isagoodsourceofcalcium(钙)andprotein(蛋白质),whichcanadvancehealthybonedevelopmentandheartstrength.However,eatingtoomuchcheeseisharmfultoyourhealthandactuallycancelsoutanyhealthbenefits.Andremembertoselectvarietiesthatarelowerinsodiumandfat.BottledGreenJuicesAll-naturalgreenjuicesareahealthywaytogetthedailydoses(剂量)offruitandvegetablesthatmostofusforgetabout.However,mostbottledgreenjuicesareextraordinarilyhighinsugar,whichcantakeawaythehealthbenefitsthatnaturalversionspromise.Whenselectingajuice,makesuretokeepaneyeontheamountofsugarineach.1.Whatdonutsandcheesehaveincommon?A.Botharehighincalories. B.Botharegoodforheart.C.Botharehelpfulinweightloss. D.Botharepopularsnacks.2.Whatmightbethemainconcernaboutbottledgreenjuicesaccordingtothetext?A.Theyarenotfresh. B.Theyareexpensive.C.Theyarenotnatural. D.Theyarehighinsugar.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducehealthyfoods. B.Toguidefoodselection.C.Towarnofovereatingrisks. D.Tocomparefoodbenefits.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是关于食物摄入量的适度原则，即使某些食物本身很健康，过量摄入也会带来负面影响。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Nuts部分“Nutsareanextraordinarysourceofhealthyfats,whichcanbebeneficialformaintainingahealthyheart.(坚果是健康脂肪的重要来源，对保持心脏健康有益。)”和Cheese部分“Cheese(alongwithmostdairyproducts)isagoodsourceofcalcium(钙)andprotein(蛋白质),whichcanadvancehealthybonedevelopmentandheartstrength.(奶酪（以及大多数乳制品）是钙和蛋白质的良好来源，可以促进骨骼健康发育和心脏力量。)”可知，坚果和奶酪的共同之处是两者都对心脏有好处。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据BottledGreenJuices部分“However,mostbottledgreenjuicesareextraordinarilyhighinsugar,whichcantakeawaythehealthbenefitsthatnaturalversionspromise.(然而，大多数瓶装绿色果汁含糖量极高，这可能会带走天然果汁所承诺的健康益处。)”可知，瓶装绿色果汁的主要问题是它们含糖量很高。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Whenitcomestofood,youreallycanhavetoomuchofagoodthing.Thesefoodscanbehealthy,butonlywhenyoudon’toverdoit.(说到食物，你真的可以吃太多好东西。这些食物是健康的，但前提是你不要吃太多。)”可知，本文主要讲的是关于食物摄入量的适度原则，即使某些食物本身很健康，过量摄入也会带来负面影响，因此本文的主要目的是警告吃太多的风险。故选C。BHithere!MynameisErica.I’vestruggledwithmyweightsinceIwaseightyearsold.Atmypeak,Iweighed320pounds.OvertheyearsItriedeverydietyoucouldthinkof.Itriedpersonaltrainersandfitnesscamps.Theresultwasalwaysthesame—I’dlose30-50pounds;thengainback40pounds.ItriedC25K(Couchto5K)somanytimesbecausemyhusbandenjoyedrunningandItriedtolikeitaswell.Ihateditandcouldn’thelpbutberemindedofmyschooldaysandcollectingpopsicle(冰棒)sticksforeachcircle(Iwasalwayslast).MoretimewentbyandtheonlyactivityIcouldbringmyselftodoinpublicwasZumba.February2017wasagame-changingtimeinmylife.Somethingclickedafteranembarrassingmomentthatinvolvedburpees(立卧撑)infrontofagroupatmykids’schoolevent.ThenextdayIaskedmyhusbandifhewouldjoinmeinfiguringoutmyhealth.(AtthistimeIwas280pounds.)Afterlosing15pounds,IdecidedtogiveC25Konemoreshot(aftermorethanadozenfailedtimes).InJune2017,Iranforfiveminuteswithoutstopping.BytheendofJulyIranmyfirstmile.ReachingthemilewashugeinmyworldbecauseIhadbuiltupamileasifitwereamarathon.ByDecember2017,IcompletedC25Ksuccessfully!AfewmonthslaterIranmyfirstrace,TexasRagnarrelay.Afterthat,Icompletedmyfirsthalfmarathon.IcaughttherunningbugandbyJulyIhitahugemilestone—100poundsdown!Afterthehalfmarathon,myhusbandandIweredeterminedtocontinuerunning.Wekepttrainingfornoeventinparticular.Weneededmoresupportforwhatwewereplanning—afullmarathon.4.WhatmightC25Kbe?A.Afitnesscourse. B.Amarathonevent.C.Aschoolgame. D.Arunningprogram.5.Whatmadetheauthordeterminedtorestartrunning?A.Herhusband’sadvice. B.Herterribleoverallhealth.C.HerZumbaclassexperience. D.Herburpeeembarrassment.6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphraseinparagraph3?A.Fellinlovewithrunning. B.Joinedarunningclub.C.Showedagiftforrunning. D.Foundrunningpartners.7.Wherecanthetextberead?A.Alectureforfund-raising. B.Areportfromarunningclub.C.Aforumforrunningstories. D.Aspeechaboutrunningbenefits.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者Erica多年来为减肥尝试多种方法，经历多次失败，在一次尴尬事件后重新尝试跑步，最终成功减重并爱上跑步的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ItriedC25K(Couchto5K)somanytimesbecausemyhusbandenjoyedrunningandItriedtolikeitaswell.Ihateditandcouldn’thelpbutberemindedofmyschooldaysandcollectingpopsicle(冰棒)sticksforeachcircle(Iwasalwayslast).(我多次尝试C25K(从沙发到5公里)，因为我丈夫喜欢跑步，我也试图喜欢它。我讨厌它，不禁想起我的学生时代，每跑一圈就收集冰棒棍(我总是最后一名))”和第三段中“ByDecember2017,IcompletedC25Ksuccessfully!(到2017年12月，我成功完成了C25K!)”可知，C25K与跑步相关，且是一个有过程、可完成的项目。由此可推断C25K是一个跑步计划。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“February2017wasagamechangingtimeinmylife.Somethingclickedafteranembarrassingmomentthatinvolvedburpees(立卧撑)infrontofagroupatmykids’schoolevent.ThenextdayIaskedmyhusbandifhewouldjoinmeinfiguringoutmyhealth.(AtthistimeIwas280pounds.)(2017年2月是我生命中改变游戏规则的时刻。在孩子们学校活动中，在一群人面前做立卧撑的尴尬时刻过后，我突然开窍了。第二天，我问我丈夫是否愿意和我一起解决我的健康问题。（这时我体重280磅）)”可知，是做立卧撑的尴尬经历让作者决定重新开始跑步。故选D项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“Afterthat,Icompletedmyfirsthalfmarathon.IcaughttherunningbugandbyJulyIhitahugemilestone—100poundsdown!(在那之后，我完成了我的第一个半程马拉松。我caughttherunningbug，到7月我达到了一个巨大的里程碑——减重100磅!)”以及前文作者成功完成跑步相关项目，且之后继续坚持跑步可推知，“caughttherunningbug”意思是爱上了跑步，所以完成了减肥目标，与“Fellinlovewithrunning”同义。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Hithere!MynameisErica.I’vestruggledwithmyweightsinceIwaseightyearsold.Atmypeak,Iweighed320pounds.OvertheyearsItriedeverydietyoucouldthinkof.(大家好!我叫艾丽卡。我从八岁起就一直在与体重作斗争。在我的巅峰时期，我重达320磅。多年来，我尝试了你能想到的每一种饮食)”和后文内容可知，作者讲述了自己尝试各种减肥方法失败，但在因为一次尴尬经历后重新开始跑步，并逐步取得进步，完成跑步项目，成功减重100磅的故事。整篇文章围绕个人减重故事展开。这更适合在一个分享跑步故事的论坛上呈现。故选C项。CIdon’trememberatimeinmylifewhenIdidn’thaveLaura.Ourhousesweredowntheroadfromeachother.Frommyearliestmemory,Iwouldwalkthepathtohers,andshewouldwalkittomine.Ifwetimeditright,we’dmeetsomewhereinthemiddle.Wedidn’thavecellphonesbackthen,andIdon’tremembercallingeachothermuchonthehousephoneseither.We’djustshowup.MostofmychildhoodmemoriesarewithLaura.Wewrotesecretnotesandleftthemintreestorediscoverlaterandwe’dnamefishesatthepond.Occasionallywewoulddisagree,andoneofuswouldwalkhome,butwe’dalwaysshowupagainafewhourslater.Thebeautyofchildhoodfriendships,ofcourse,isthatwearecompletelyourselvesinthem.Ididn’tneedtodressacertainwayforLaura;shedidn’tneedtoagreeoneverything.Ifoneofuswastired,wewouldsayso.Ifoneofusdidn’tfeelliketalkingforawhile,wedidn’t.Itwasallquitesimple.Asadults,friendshipscanbemorecomplicatedthantheywereinchildhood.Wehavetoconsiderhowourwordsandbehaviorsaffectothers.Ifyouareanover-thinkerlikeme,aneveningofsocializingmightendwithaseriesofthoughts:ShouldIhavesaidthat?DidItakethatthewrongway?Whydidn’tIsaythatdifferently?Thosethoughts,althoughnecessaryattimes,canalsobetiring.IfItakeastepbackandlearnfrommyfriendshipwithLaura,Icanremindmyselfthatfriendshipsarenotaboutbeingperfectbutaboutbeingreal.There’ssomethingmagicalaboutthosechildhoodfriendships.Thereissomethingspecialaboutthemthatisbeyondjustnostalgia(怀旧).Perhapsthatsomethingisthetruthfulnessofit.8.WhatisthekeytoherfriendshipwithLauraaccordingtotheauthor?A.Beingthemselves. B.Agreeingoneverything.C.Sharingsimilarinterests. D.Communicatingregularly.9.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofadultfriendships?A.Theyarelong-lasting. B.Theycanleadtooverthinking.C.Theyaremorerealistic. D.Theycanbringnewthoughts.10.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Childhoodfriendshipsareworthremembering.B.Beingrealplaysanimportantroleinfriendships.C.Nostalgiaaddstothemagicofchildhoodfriendships.D.Friendshipsareonlymeaningfulwhentheyareperfect.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whatwecanlearnfromchildhoodfriendships.B.Friendshipmattersforbothchildrenandadults.C.Howchildhoodfriendshipsdevelopintoadultones.D.Thedifferencesbetweenchildhoodandadultfriendships.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者与劳拉儿时的友谊，对比了儿时和成年后友谊的不同，最后指出应从儿时友谊中学到友谊的关键是真实。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thebeautyofchildhoodfriendships,ofcourse,isthatwearecompletelyourselvesinthem.Ididn’tneedtodressacertainwayforLaura;shedidn’tneedtoagreeoneverything.Ifoneofuswastired,wewouldsayso.Ifoneofusdidn’tfeelliketalkingforawhile,wedidn’t.Itwasallquitesimple.(当然，童年友谊的美妙之处在于，在其中我们完全做自己。我不需要为了劳拉而以某种特定的方式穿着；她也不需要在所有事情上都达成一致。如果我们中有一个人累了，我们就会直说。如果我们中有一个人有一阵子不想说话，我们就不说话。一切都很简单)”可知，作者认为与劳拉友谊的关键是做自己。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Asadults,friendshipscanbemorecomplicatedthantheywereinchildhood.Wehavetoconsiderhowourwordsandbehaviorsaffectothers.Ifyouareanover-thinkerlikeme,aneveningofsocializingmightendwithaseriesofthoughts:ShouldIhavesaidthat?DidItakethatthewrongway?Whydidn’tIsaythatdifferently?Thosethoughts,althoughnecessaryattimes,canalsobetiring.(作为成年人，友谊可能比童年时期更复杂。我们必须考虑我们的言语和行为如何影响他人。如果你像我一样是一个过度思考的人，一个晚上的社交活动可能会以一系列的想法结束：我当时应该那样说吗？我是不是理解错了？我为什么不换一种方式说呢？这些想法虽然有时是必要的，但也会让人疲惫)”可知，作者认为成年人的友谊更复杂，我们必须考虑我们的言语和行为如何影响他人，所以会导致过度思考。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“IfItakeastepbackandlearnfrommyfriendshipwithLaura,Icanremindmyselfthatfriendshipsarenotaboutbeingperfectbutaboutbeingreal.There’ssomethingmagicalaboutthosechildhoodfriendships.Thereissomethingspecialaboutthemthatisbeyondjustnostalgia.Perhapsthatsomethingisthetruthfulnessofit.(如果我退后一步，从与劳拉的友谊中学习，我可以提醒自己，友谊不是追求完美，而是追求真实。那些童年友谊有一种神奇的东西。它们有一些特别之处，不仅仅是怀旧。也许这种特别之处就是它的真实性)”可知，作者认为友谊不是追求完美，而是追求真实，所以暗示真实在友谊中起着重要作用。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段“IfItakeastepbackandlearnfrommyfriendshipwithLaura,Icanremindmyselfthatfriendshipsarenotaboutbeingperfectbutaboutbeingreal.(如果我退后一步，从与劳拉的友谊中学习，我可以提醒自己，友谊不是追求完美，而是追求真实)”可知，本文主要讲的是我们可以从童年友谊中学到的东西。故选A项。DAlonearcticfoxwalksslowlyacrossawhite,treelesstundra,hungryforameal.Shecan’tseeherprey(猎物)thatlivesunderthesnow,butshecanhearit.Shesmellstheground,jumpsseveralfeetstraightintotheair,anddives(潜入)intothesnow,nosefirst.Foramoment,herupside-downbodyisfrozeninmid-air.Thensherightsherself,herpreycaptured.Untilspringarrivesthisarcticfoxwillrelyonmanycold-weatherstrategiestosurviveinthefrozentundra.Foxesaresmart,storingextrafoodunderrocksforlaterorfollowingpolarbearstoeattheleftoversfromtheirkill.Theyarefast,runningupto30milesperhour.Andtheyarecute.Thefox’sbeautifulwhitecoatactsascamouflageinthewinter,whileitsgrayfurmatchesthetundra’srocksandplantsinthesummer.Whenitsleeps,itwrapsitslong,fluffytailarounditsbodylikeablanket(毯子)andanextralayeroffuronitsbroadpawsallowsittowalkquietlyoniceandsnow.Cutenessaside,thearcticfoxisahardysurvivor,abletowithstandextremelycoldArctictemperatures.Itsthickfuristhebestatkeepingitwarm,maintainingacomfortablebodytemperatureof40℃.Ithasexcellenthearingandasharpsenseofsmellthatcansenseadeadbodyleftbyapolarbearfromasfaras24milesaway.Ingeneral,thearcticfoxisconsideredaspeciesof“leastconcern”aroundthecoldestpartsoftheArctic.However,inNorway,Sweden,andFinlanditspopulationisseverelyendangered,numberinglessthan200.Climatechangeisthoughttobethemaincause.Withwarmertemperatures,thereislesssnowcover,sothearcticfox’slight-coloredfurdoesn’thelpitmatchitssurroundingsaswell.Thelargerredfoxisoutcompetingthearcticfox,becauseithasamorevarieddiet;theredfoxcaneathumanwasteitfindsalongmountainroads.Also,insectsthatarenowsurvivingfarthernorthareeatingtheplantsinthetundra,whichaffectsthefox’shabitatandlimitsthenumbersandtypesofanimalstheycancat.12.Whichwordcanbestexplaintheunderlined“camouflage”inparagraph2?A.Hiding. B.Attraction. C.Ablanket. D.Atool.13.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocusonaboutArcticfoxes?A.Theirappearance. B.Theircleverness.C.Theirsurvivalchallenges. D.Theiradaptation.14.HowdoestheclimatechangeaffectArcticfoxes’survival?A.Itforcesfoxestoseekfoodinhumanwaste.B.Itincreasescompetitionamongfoxspecies.CItcausestheirfurtobecomedarkerincolor.D.Itleadstoinsectstakingoverfoxes’habitats.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ArcticFox-KingoftheArctic B.ArcticFox-CutebutofLeastConcernC.ArcticFox-SmallbutPowerful D.ArcticFox-VictimofClimateChange【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极地区坚强的幸存者北极狐。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“whileitsgrayfurmatchesthetundra’srocksandplantsinthesummer.(而在夏天，它的灰色皮毛与苔原上的岩石和植物相匹配。)”可知，北极狐的皮毛与苔原上的岩石和植物相匹配为了隐藏自己，继而保护自己。因此冬天的皮毛变成白色即雪一样的样色，也是为了隐藏自己。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Cutenessaside,thearcticfoxisahardysurvivor,abletowithstandextremelycoldArctictemperatures.Itsthickfuristhebestatkeepingitwarm,maintainingacomfortablebodytemperatureof40℃.Ithasexcellenthearingandasharpsenseofsmellthatcansenseadeadbodyleftbyapolarbearfromasfaras24milesaway.(除了可爱之外，北极狐是一个坚强的幸存者，能够承受极冷的北极温度。它厚厚的皮毛最能保暖，保持40℃舒适的体温。它有极好的听觉和敏锐的嗅觉，可以在24英里外嗅到北极熊留下的尸体。)”可知本段主要讲述北极狐的适应性。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“However,inNorway,Sweden,andFinlanditspopulationisseverelyendangered,numberinglessthan200.Climatechangeisthoughttobethemaincause.Withwarmertemperatures,thereislesssnowcover,sothearcticfox’slight-coloredfurdoesn’thelpitmatchitssurroundingsaswell.Thelargerredfoxisoutcompetingthearcticfox,becauseithasamorevarieddiet;theredfoxcaneathumanwasteitfindsalongmountainroads.(然而，在挪威、瑞典和芬兰，它的数量严重濒危，不到200只。气候变化被认为是主要原因。随着气温升高，积雪减少，所以北极狐的浅色皮毛也不能帮助它与周围环境相匹配。体型较大的红狐比北极狐更有竞争力，因为它的饮食更多样化；红狐可以吃在山路上发现的人类排泄物。)”可知，气候变化引起积雪减少，导致北极狐的浅色皮毛不能与周围环境相匹配，且红狐的饮食更加多样化，加剧了红狐与北极狐的竞争，由此可知，气候变化加剧了狐类之间的竞争。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Alonearcticfoxwalksslowlyacrossawhite,treelesstundra,hungryforameal.(一只孤独的北极狐慢慢地走过一片白茫茫的苔原，饥肠辘辘。)”，第二段“Foxesaresmart,storingextrafoodunderrocksforlaterorfollowingpolarbearstoeattheleftoversfromtheirkill.(狐狸很聪明，它们会在岩石下储存额外的食物以备后用，或者跟着北极熊吃它们捕杀的剩菜。)”，第三段“Cutenessaside,thearcticfoxisahardysurvivor,abletowithstandextremelycoldArctictemperatures.(除了可爱之外，北极狐是一个坚强的幸存者，能够承受极冷的北极温度。)”及最后一段“Ingeneral,thearcticfoxisconsideredaspeciesof“leastconcern”aroundthecoldestpartsoftheArctic.(般来说，北极狐被认为是北极最寒冷地区“最不受关注”的物种。)”可知，本文主要讲述北极狐这个北极地区的坚强的幸存者，北极狐小巧可爱，但却能在艰苦的环境下，在狐类激烈的竞争下存活下来，因此北极狐是小而生命力强的物种。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverheardofthestrangenaturaleventknownasfishfallingfromthesky?___16___Butthisphenomenonhasbeenrecordedinvariouspartsoftheworld,leavingscientistspuzzledbutfascinated.___17___Scientistshaveputforwardseveralguessestoexplainthisstrangephenomenon.Onetheoryisthattornado-likecolumnsofwatermightliftfishoutofwaterbodiesanddropthemontolandduringextremeweatherconditions.Anotherpossibleexplanationinvolvesthebehaviorofmigratorybirds.___18___It’sbelievedthatduringtheirflight,thesebirdsmightaccidentallydroptheircatch,leadingtofishrainingdownwhentheyreachland.Thisbehaviorcouldexplainthefishrainmysteryobservedinsomeareas.Interestingly,localfairytalesalsoplayapartintheexplanationabouttheoriginofrainingfish.___19___Thesestoriesoftencarrysymbolicmeaningsandarepasseddownthroughgenerations,addingtothemysteryofthisfascinatingphenomenon.Themysteryofrainingfishhasfascinatedscientistsandcommunitiesalike.___20___Eachtheoryandexplanationmakesuslearnaboutthecomplexitiesofournaturalworld,leavinguswithmorequestionsthananswers.A.Somebirdsdiveintowatertocatchfish.B.Itmaysoundlikesomethingoutofafantasynovel.C.Thiseventhasbecomeauniqueculturalphenomenon.D.Therainingfishoriginhasbeenthesubjectofmuchcuriosity.E.Insomecultures,fishrainingfromtheskyisseenasasupernaturalevent.F.Picturethis:asyouwalk,fishstartrainingdownfromtheskyoutofnowhere.G.Throughscientificresearchandculturalexplanations,theyhopetouncoveritssecrets.【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.E20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是“鱼雨”这一奇特自然现象。【16题详解】空前“Haveyoueverheardofthestrangenaturaleventknownasfishfallingfromthesky?(你听说过鱼从天上掉下来这种奇怪的自然事件吗？)”描述了鱼从天上掉下来这种奇怪的自然事件，空格处应该对这种现象进行评价，B选项“Itmaysoundlikesomethingoutofafantasynovel.(这听起来像是奇幻小说里的情节。)”说明了空前所描述的现象像是小说里的情节，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】空后“Scientistshaveputforwardseveralguessestoexplainthisstrangephenomenon.(科学家们提出了几种猜测来解释这一奇怪的现象。)”说明了科学家对前面讲的现象进行了猜测，这说明他们对这个现象很好奇，D选项“Therainingfishoriginhasbeenthesubjectofmuchcuriosity.(“鱼雨”的起源一直备受好奇。)”说明了这种现象让人们很好奇，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选D。18题详解】空后“It’sbelievedthatduringtheirflight,thesebirdsmightaccidentallydroptheircatch,leadingtofishrainingdownwhentheyreachland.(人们认为，在飞行过程中，这些鸟可能会不小心掉下它们的猎物，导致它们到达陆地时鱼像雨一样落下。)”说明“鱼雨”这种现象的出现是因为有的动物在猎食，A选项“Somebirdsdiveintowatertocatchfish.(有些鸟潜入水中捕鱼。)”说明了有的动物进入水里猎食，引起下文，符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】空后“Thesestoriesoftencarrysymbolicmeaningsandarepasseddownthroughgenerations,addingtothemysteryofthisfascinatingphenomenon.(这些故事通常具有象征意义，并代代相传，增加了这一迷人现象的神秘性。)”说明了有的故事是神秘的，E选项“Insomecultures,fishrainingfromtheskyisseenasasupernaturalevent.(在某些文化中，从天而降的鱼被视为一种超自然现象。)”说明了鱼从天而降在有的文化里被看作是超自然的，是神秘的，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】空后“Eachtheoryandexplanationmakesuslearnaboutthecomplexitiesofournaturalworld,leavinguswithmorequestionsthananswers.(每一种理论和解释都让我们了解自然世界的复杂性，给我们留下的问题比答案更多。)”说明了人们尝试去解释这种现象，解开这个谜，G选项“Throughscientificresearchandculturalexplanations,theyhopetouncoveritssecrets.(通过科学研究和文化解释，他们希望揭开它的秘密。)”说明了人们希望解开这个现象的秘密，引出后文的一些理论和解释，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共四节，满分40分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Katiewasanordinarykid.Thatisuntiloneday,asmallschoolgardeningprojectsetheronapaththatwouldchangethousandsoflives.Attheageofnine,shebroughthomeayoungcabbageplantaspartofaschoolgardeningproject.Littledidsheknow,this___21___plantwasabouttogrowintosomethingmuchbigger—notjustinsizebutin___22___.WhenKatietookherplanthome,sheplanteditandgaveitallthe___23___intheworld.Astimepassed,itkeptgrowingandgrowing...andgrowing!Bythetimeitwasfullygrown,itweighedalmost40pounds!Most___24___mighthavebeenamazedattheirgreatvegetableandfinishwork,butnotKatie.Shedecidedtodonate(捐赠)thecabbagetoalocalsoupkitchen,whereitendedup___25___275people.ThatmomentwaslikeasparkforKatie.Sherealizedthatifonecabbagecouldbringthatmuch___26___,whatcouldawholegardendo?That’swhenKatie’sKropswasborn—anonprofitwithapurposeto___27___otherkidstogrowvegetablegardensanddonatethe___28___tofeedpeopleinneed.Shewantedkidstogrowtheirownvegetablegardenstohelpfight___29___.Shestartedwithherownbackyardgardenandthenturnedtheideaintoanationwideinitiative(倡议).Today,thereareKatie’sKropsgardensacrossthecountry,all___30___bykidswhoareplantingseedsandchanginglives.21.A.weak B.small C.ordinary D.ugly22.A.weight B.challenge C.impact D.wealth23.A.care B.power C.freedom D.support24.A.kids B.experts C.parents D.teachers25.A.saving B.feeding C.changing D.attracting26A.attention B.service C.good D.fame27.A.teach B.allow C.remind D.encourage28.A.money B.harvest C.fruits D.snacks29.A.waste B.crime C.pollution D.hunger30.A.run B.designed C.selected D.shared【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.B26.C27.D28.B29.D30.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Katie小时候体验到了种植和利用种出来的作物帮助别人的乐趣，因此开启了她的慈善事业。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一点也不知道，这棵小植物将会长得更大——不仅在大小上，而且在影响上。A.weak虚弱的；B.small小的；C.ordinary普通的；D.ugly丑的。根据上文“ayoungcabbage”可知，这是棵小的卷心菜。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她一点也不知道，这棵小植物将会长得更大——不仅在大小上，而且在影响上。A.weight重量；B.challenge挑战；C.impact影响；D.wealth财富。根据下文“Shedecidedtodonate(捐赠)thecabbagetoalocalsoupkitchen”和最后一段“Katie’sKropswasborn”可知，这棵卷心菜不仅长大了，而且还有了很大的影响。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Katie把她的植物带回家时，她种下了它，并给了它世界上所有的照顾。A.care照顾；B.power力量；C.freedom自由；D.support支持。根据下文“Astimepassed,itkeptgrowingandgrowing...andgrowing”可知，卷心菜在她的照顾下长大了。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数孩子可能会对自己的巨大蔬菜感到惊讶并就此结束，但凯蒂没有。A.kids孩子；B.experts专家；C.parents父母；D.teachers老师。根据第一段“Katiewasanordinarykid”可知，Katie是个小孩，此处是指大多数小孩都会对自己种大的蔬菜感到惊讶并就此结束，但Katie没有。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决定将卷心菜捐赠给当地的一家施粥所，最终为275人提供了食物。A.saving救；B.feeding喂养，满足，养活；C.changing改变；D.attracting吸引。根据上文“alocalsoupkitchen”可知，施粥所给人提供食物。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她意识到，如果一棵卷心菜能带来这么多好处，那么一整个花园又能带来什么呢？A.attention注意力；B.service服务；C.good好处；D.fame名声。根据上文“donate(捐赠)thecabbagetoalocalsoupkitchen,whereitendedupfeeding275people”可知，把卷心菜捐给施粥所，能给很多人提供食物，所以卷心菜是带来了好处。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，Katie的Krops诞生了，这是一个非营利组织，旨在鼓励其他孩子种植蔬菜，并将收获的蔬菜捐赠给有需要的人。A.teach教；B.allow允许；C.remind提醒；D.encourage鼓励。根据下文“togrowvegetablegardens”可知，这个组织鼓励孩子们种蔬菜。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，Katie的Krops诞生了，这是一个非营利组织，旨在鼓励其他孩子种植蔬菜，并将收获的蔬菜捐赠给有需要的人。A.money钱；B.harvest成果，收获；C.fruits水果；D.snacks零食，点心。根据上文“donate”和下文“tofeedpeopleinneed”可知，这个组织鼓励孩子种蔬菜，然后把收获的蔬菜捐出来。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她希望孩子们种植自己的菜园，以帮助战胜饥饿。A.waste垃圾；B.crime罪；C.pollution污染；D.hunger饥饿。根据上文“feedpeopleinneed”可知，给有需要的人提供食物，也就是战胜了饥饿。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，全国各地都有凯蒂的Krops，都是由孩子们经营的，他们在播种，改变着生活。A.run经营；B.designed设计；C.selected挑选；D.shared分享。根据上文“Shewantedkidstogrowtheirownvegetablegardens”可知，Krops是孩子们经营的。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Welcometothewildandwonderfulworldofinternetslang!Wearegoingtodiveintocommonly____31____(use)internetslang(俚语)wordsandabbreviations(缩略词)thatyou’llencounteracrossvariousonlineplatforms.Getreadytoincreaseyourvocabularyandbecomefluentindigitalcommunication!Whenexploringinternetslang,it’s____32____(possible)toignoresomeofthewordsthathavestoodthetestoftime.Onesuchexampleis“LOL”,____33____standsfor“laughoutloud.”Thisabbreviation____34____(become)auniversalexpressionofhumorandamusementinonlineconversations.Anotherwidelypopularabbreviationis“ROFL,”shortfor“rollingonthefloorlaughing.”Itpaintsavividpictureofsomeone____35____(laugh)uncontrollablyontheirlivingroomcarpet.But____36____doesn’tstopthere!Internetslangextendsbeyondsimpleabbreviations.Words____37____“yeet”or“lit”areoftenthrownaroundwithenthusiasm.Whiletheirexactmeaningsmayvarydependingoncontextandusage,theygenerallyexpress____38____(excite)orapprovalwithinonlinecommunities.Abbreviationssuchas“OMG”(ohmygod)or“TBH”____39____(be)honesthaveperfectlyintegrated(融入)themselvesintoeverydayconversationsbothonlineandoffline.