2023-2024学年云南省昭通市高一下学期开学考试英语试题(解析版)_第1页
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高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1云南省昭通市部分学校2023-2024学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExplorethemagicoftheunderwaterworldReasonsforvisitingGeorgiaAquarium(水族馆)inAtlantaAtlanta’saquariumishometotensofthousandsofanimalsincluding500speciesfromaroundtheworldandmorethan60habitats.ThelargestexhibitatGeorgiaAquariumishometowhalesharks,mantaraysandmoreswimmers.Thesecondlargestexhibitishometosixbelugawhales.Andyouwon’twanttomissthedolphinexhibitandthedolphinshowatGeorgiaAquariumfeaturinganexpansiveunderwaterdolphinviewingwindowandawonderfulmusicaltheatricalperformancethathighlightsthebondsharedbetweendolphinsandhumans.Insidertips○Arrivewhentheaquariumopenstobeatthecrowds.○HaveasleepoverinsidesomeofGeorgiaAquarium’sexhibits.○Wearawetsuit,diveintothewaterandswimwithwhalesharks,mantaraysandmoreKnowbeforeyougo○GeorgiaAquariumisopen365daysayear.○Monday-Wednesday:9AM-6PM○Thursday:9AM-8PM○Friday:9AM-5PM(EarlyclosingforthethemedpartySipsUndertheSea)○Saturday-Sunday:8AM-9PMTicketsPricingPenguinEncounterSeaLionEncounterDolphinEncounterDivewiththeWhaleSharksSwimwiththeWhaleSharks$69.99$63.99$79.99$75.99$79.99$75.99$359.99$335.99$259.99$245.991.WhatcanwelearnaboutGeorgiaAquarium?A.Itincludes600species. B.Itholdsovergrounddolphinshows.C.Visitorscanstaythenightthere. D.Swimmersspeakhighlyofitsperformance.2.WhencanpeoplevisitGeorgiaAquarium?A.At5PMonTuesday. B.At6PMonFriday.C.At7AMonSaturday D.At8AMonThursday.3.Whichactivitytakesthemostofftheticketprice?A.DolphinEncounter. B.PenguinEncounter.C.SwimwiththeWhaleSharks D.DivewiththeWhaleSharks.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是应用文,主要介绍了游览位于亚特兰大的佐治亚水族馆的相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。由Insidertips部分中的“HaveasleepoverinsidesomeofGeorgiaAquarium’sexhibits.(在乔治亚水族馆的一些展品中过夜。)”可知,游客是可以在水族馆过夜的。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。由Knowbeforeyougo部分中的时间安排“Monday-Wednesday:9AM-6PM(周一至周三:上午9点至下午6点)”可知,周二下午五点可以去参观佐治亚水族馆。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。对比TicketsPricing部分中几个活动项目的原价和现价可知,几个活动降价分别是$69.99-$63.99=$6,$79.99-$75.99=$4,$79.99-$75.99=$4和$359.99-$335.99=$24,因此DivewiththeWhaleSharks降价24美元,是降价最多的。故选D。BTheautomobileindustryisspendingbillionsonself-drivingcars,butwhatifwequitelikedriving?Oneholidayafewyearsago,Ispenthoursbeingtransportedontrains,busesandplanes.Ireadanovelforawhile,thenstaredoutthewindow,inablackmood.Iwasturnedintogoods,beingshiftedfromonelocationtoanother.Then,finally,cametheexcitingsectionoftheholidaywhenIhiredacar.MywifeJocastaandIfollowedthepositioningsystem,turningright,thenrightagain,andfoundourselvesinasmalltown.Ispoketothepositioningsystem,“Wedon’twanttobehere;wewantthehighway.”Thenitaskedmetoturnrightagainandagain.Witheveryturn,thestreetnarrowed.ThewallsweresoclosethatIhadtoholdmybreath.Anothercarappeared,comingtowardsusfromtheoppositedirection.Thedriversignaled,tellingmeIhadtomakeway.Buthow?Ididn’thavethecouragetobackupalongtheimpossiblynarrowpassage.Soonsomelocalscametohelp.Oneladystoodatthebackofthevehicle,wavingmeon.Shecontinuedmaking“thisway,thisway”movementswithherarms.Inanactofblindtrust,Ifollowedherinstructions,creeping(小心行进)backwardsandforwards.Remarkably,itworked.Icompletedmyturnintothesidestreet.Theothercarpassedandthedrivergavemeagratefulwave.ThenIfollowedthelady’ssuggestionand—finally—sawthehighway.Myhandswereshaking.Ibreathedinandout.Jocastaturnedtome.“You’remyhero,”shesaid.Ilookedather,expectingashadowofateasing(嘲笑的)smile,butcanfindnone.“You’remyhero,”sherepeated.“Imeanit.Youdidareallygoodjob.”Finally,Imanagedtosteadymynerves.Thenwesetoffagainandthecarspedsmoothlyaway.Whowouldexchangeallthisforaself-drivingcar?4.Whyareself-drivingcarsmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toshowtheadvanceintechnology.B.Toshowtheauthor’slovefordriving.C.Toshowthechangeintheautomobileindustry.D.Toleadtotheauthor’sholidayexperience.5.Whydidtheauthordriveintothenarrowpassage?A.Hewantedtotakeashortcut.B.Heintendedtothank,thelocalsforhelp.C.Hehadtoturntoavoidanothercar.D.Hewasmisdirectedbytheguidancesystem6.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorandhiswifefromthelastparagraph?A.Hiswifeusedtolaughathim.B.Hebecamemoreskilledatdriving.C.Hiswifetriedtoencourageandcalmhim.D.Hemisunderstoodhiswifethroughout.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AHeroBehindtheWheelB.AnAdventurousAutomobileTripC.ALoverofSelf-drivingCarsD.AnUnexpectedTechnologicalProblem【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者和妻子在度假时租了一辆车,但汽车导航把车引入了一个很狭窄的过道里,在一位女士的帮助下作者才顺利把车倒了出来,作者还收获了妻子的称赞。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Theautomobileindustryisspendingbillionsonself-drivingcars,butwhatifwequitelikedriving?(汽车行业在自动驾驶汽车上花费了数十亿美元,但如果我们非常喜欢驾驶呢?)”和下文描述的作者假期的经历可知,第一段中but前后表示转折,前面讲述自动驾驶汽车受到了重点开发,后面讲述还是有人可能喜欢自己驾驶汽车,接着下文讲述了作者假期开车被导航误导进一个过道了,多亏了别人相助才顺利把车开出来,最后还获得了妻子的赞扬,这种经历只有亲自开车才会有,由此可推测出,第一段提到自动驾驶汽车是为了引出作者的假期经历。故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“MywifeJocastaandIfollowedthepositioningsystem,turningright,thenrightagain,andfoundourselvesinasmalltown.Ispoketothepositioningsystem,‘Wedon’twanttobehere;wewantthehighway.’Thenitaskedmetoturnrightagainandagain.Witheveryturn,thestreetnarrowed.ThewallsweresoclosethatIhadtoholdmybreath.(我和妻子Jocasta跟着定位系统,向右转弯,然后又向右转弯,发现我们自己在一个小镇上。我对定位系统说:‘我们不想在这里,我们想要高速公路。’然后它一次又一次地让我右转。街道一转弯就变窄了。墙太近了,我不得不屏住呼吸。)”可推测出,作者被导航系统误导,所以开车进入了狭窄的过道。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Myhandswereshaking.Ibreathedinandout.(我的手在发抖。我吸气又呼气。)”和“‘You’remyhero,’sherepeated.‘Imeanit.Youdidareallygoodjob.’Finally,Imanagedtosteadymynerves.Thenwesetoffagainandthecarspedsmoothlyaway.(‘你是我的英雄,’她重复道。‘我是认真的。你做得很好。’最后,我设法稳定了自己的神经。然后我们又出发了,汽车平稳地开走了。)”可知,作者开车出来后仍然惊魂未定,双手颤抖,努力想平复心情,而作者妻子的话让作者稳住心神,成功平稳开车离开,由此可推测出,作者的妻子努力鼓励作者并让作者镇静下来。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了作者驾车旅游时在导航的指引下驶入了一条狭窄的通道,最后在当地人的帮助下成功倒车出来并收获了妻子的称赞。结合最后一段中妻子的话“You’remyhero(你是我的英雄)”可知,作者成功克服了困难,妻子对他进行赞扬,A项“开车的英雄”既是对作者成功解决困难的肯定,也与妻子称赞他为英雄的内容相照应。故A项做文章标题最佳。故选A。CIt’smidafternoon.You’refullfromlunch.Thedayiswarm.You’restartingtofeelsleepy.Shouldyougiveintothecomfortofanap(小睡)?Fromtheviewpointofhealth,itmaybeworthit.Thoughthereisahasslewhenitcomestowhethernappingbenefitseveryone,wegenerallyacknowledgethatnapscanimproveatleastsomepeople’scognitive(认知的)performanceintheshortterm.Forexample,scientistsreviewedapastexperimentthatfocusedonhealthyparticipantswithregularsleepcycles.Inthatexperiment,participantsweregivenmathproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithashortcutthattheyweren’ttoldabout.Someparticipantswereencouragedtotakeanapbeforedealingwiththeproblems.Itwasfoundthatthosewhonapped-andspentevenjust30secondsinthefirst,lighteststageofsleep-were2.7timesmorelikelytofigureoutthemathshortcutthanthosewhostayedawake.Butenteringadeepersleepstagehadanegativeeffect.Thebenefitsofnappingarestrongestforpeoplewhohavesleepdebt,suchasshiftworkers,newparentsandelderlypeoplewhosenighttimesleepisalwaysinterrupted.Theyallseemtogetaboostthroughnapping:a2013studyfocusingonsuchpeople,forexample,showedthattakinganapduringone’snightshiftworkreducedsleepinessandimprovedoverallperformance,evenifpeoplewereslightlyinactiveastheycameoutoftheirnap-aphenomenoncalled“sleepinertia(惰性)”.Thereissomethingwecandotoreducesleepinertia.A20-minutenapisgoodforrecharging,and60to90minutesofsleepcanbeevenmorerestorative.Thenaptoavoidisonelastingmorethan20minutesandlessthan60minutes,whichismostlikelytoleadtosleepinertia.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hassle”meaninparagraph2?A.Debate. B.Tendency. C.Guidance. D.Judgement.9.Whatdidtheexperimentfindaboutnapping?A.Itimprovesmemory. B.Ithelpsclearone’smindC.Itmaypromoteone’shealth. D.Ithasabadinfluenceonpeople.10.Whatcanweinferaboutthesubjectsofthe2013study?A.Theytendedtonapmore. B.Theywereinactiveindaytime.C.Theycameoutoftheirnapsslowly. D.Theydidn’tgetenoughnighttimesleep11.Howcanweavoidsleepinertia?A.Bytakingfewernaps. B.Bynappingwithin1hour.C.Bymanagingthenaplength. D.Byavoidinglongnaps.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【语篇解读】本文是说明文,在下午三四点钟,你肚子很饱,天气很暖和,你开始感到困倦了。你应该屈服于小睡的舒适吗?小睡对你有好处吗?本文告诉你答案。【8题详析】词句猜测题。画线词所在部分是让步状语从句,因此可以判断,ahassle与主句的generallyacknowledge应在含义上对立。主句“wegenerallyacknowledgethatnapscanimproveatleastsomepeople’scognitive(认知的)performanceintheshortterm.(但我们通常承认,小睡至少可以在短期内提高一些人的认知能力)”指出我们通常都认为小睡至少能在短期内提升一些人的认知表现,因此可推断出,从句应表示尽管在小睡是否让所有人受益方面存在争议/争论/分歧。hassle与debate含义接近,故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itwasfoundthatthosewhonapped-andspentevenjust30secondsinthefirst,lighteststageofsleep-were2.7timesmorelikelytofigureoutthemathshortcutthanthosewhostayedawake.Butenteringadeepersleepstagehadanegativeeffect.(研究发现,那些在睡眠最轻的第一阶段小睡了30秒的人比那些保持清醒的人更有可能找到数学捷径,这个概率是其他人的2.7倍。但是进入深度睡眠阶段会产生负面影响。)”可知,该实验发现小睡有助于使人头脑清醒。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thebenefitsofnappingarestrongestforpeoplewhohavesleepdebt,suchasshiftworkers,newparentsandelderlypeoplewhosenighttimesleepisalwaysinterrupted.Theyallseemtogetaboostthroughnapping(小睡的好处对于那些有睡眠债务的人来说是最大的,比如轮班工人,初为人父母的人和夜间睡眠总是被打断的老年人。他们似乎都能通过小睡得到提升)”可推知,研究对象是一些有睡眠负债的人,他们夜晚的睡眠不充足。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。最后一段“Thereissomethingwecandotoreducesleepinertia.A20-minutenapisgoodforrecharging,and60to90minutesofsleepcanbeevenmorerestorative.Thenaptoavoidisonelastingmorethan20minutesandlessthan60minutes,whichismostlikelytoleadtosleepinertia.(我们可以做一些事情来减少睡眠惰性。20分钟的小睡有助于恢复体力,60到90分钟的睡眠甚至可以让你恢复体力。要避免的小睡持续时间超过20分钟,少于60分钟,这很可能导致睡眠惰性。)”介绍了如何减轻睡眠惰性。20分钟以及60至90分钟的小睡都有作用,但是20分钟以上、60分钟以下的小睡最有可能导致睡眠惰性。由此可推知,小睡的时间要安排好,既不能太短,也不能太长。故选C。DEatinginsectsisoneofthoseideasthatneverquiteseemtocatchon.TheUnitedNationssupportedtheideaadecadeago,but,intheWestatleast,insectsremainmostlyabsentfromsupermarketshelves.Facedwiththissituation,scientistshavebeenexploringotheroptions.Oneistofeedinsectstofarmanimals,whicharenotsopicky.Ofcourse,insectsneedtoeat,too.Todate,theyhavemostlybeenraisedonleftoverchickenfeed.Butthesupplyofthatislimited,andifinsect-raisedmeatistotakeoff,newsourceswillbeneeded.InapaperintheJournalofAppliedEntomology,NielsThomasEriksen,abiochemistatAalborgUniversity,suggestsfeedingthemonthewasteproductsofthebeerindustry.Theworldknocksbackaround185billionlitresofbeereveryyear.Eachlitreproducesbetweenthreeandtenlitresofwastewaterfullofabandonedsubstancesthatarericherinproteinbutnotincarbohydrates(碳水化合物),especiallycomparedwithchickenfeed.Mostinsectsgrownforfeeddepend,inthewild,onthecarbohydratesfoundinfruitwhichgoesbad.Whetherinsectswouldactuallyconsiderbeerwasteasquaremealwas,therefore,unclear.Theresearchersusedthebabyblacksoldierflies.Theinsectsweredividedintothreegroups,whichwereofferedbeerwaste,chickenfeedandamixtureofbothrespectively.Theresearchersmonitoredboththeirweightgainandtheamountofcarbondioxidetheybreathedout,whichhelpedassesstheinsectsmetabolic(新陈代谢的)performance.Thebabieshappilyconsumedbothbeerwasteandchickenfeed,andgrewequallywelloneitherfoodsource.WhenDrEriksenmadefurtherchemicalanalysis,hefoundfewdifferencesinthenutrientsneededforfarmanimals’growth.Whattheresearchersfoundisgoodnewsforsomeotherindustrieswhosewasteislikewiseplentifulandprotein-rich,andtheynowlooktobereasonabletargetsfornutrientrecyclingbyinsects.Whetherconsumerswillbewillingtoeatinsect-raisedmeat,though,remainstobeseen.12.Whatdoweknowabouteatinginsectsinthebeginning?A.Itwillprobablycatchonsoon. B.Mostwesternersshyawayfromit.C.Itissupportedinmostoftheworld. D.Mostscientiststurndownthisidea.13.Whyweretheresearchersinitiallyunsureofbeerwasteasinsectfeed?A.Itssupplyisnotenough B.ItcontainstoomuchproteinC.Itlacksnecessarycarbohydrates D.Itschemicalcontentsareunknown.14.Whatdidtheresearchersfindabouttheinsects?A.Theypreferredtoeatchickenfeed. B.Theygrewfastestonbeerwaste.C.Theycouldturnbeerwasteintomeat. D.Theyneededmorefoodthanexpected.15.Whatdoestheauthorindicateinthelastparagraph?A.Someindustriesrarelyrecycletheirwaste.B.Thepracticalapplicationofthefindingsislimited.C.Insect-raisedmeatislikelytobethenextfashion.D.Theexperimenthasanoutlookbeyondthebeerindustry.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是说明文。很多人对吃昆虫敬谢不敏,科学家想到用昆虫当饲料喂养农场牲畜,但是昆虫也需要食物,而它们的食物有限。于是科学家进行了一项实验,发现以啤酒废弃物为食的昆虫一样有营养。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheUnitedNationssupportedtheideaadecadeago,but,intheWestatleast,insectsremainmostlyabsentfromsupermarketshelves.(联合国在十年前就支持了这一想法,但至少在西方,超市货架上仍然看不到昆虫)”可知,大部分西方人还是不吃昆虫的。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Eachlitreproducesbetweenthreeandtenlitresofwastewaterfullofabandonedsubstancesthatarericherinproteinbutnotincarbohydrates(碳水化合物),especiallycomparedwithchickenfeed.(每升废水会产生3到10升的废水,这些废水充满了富含蛋白质但不含碳水化合物的废弃物质,尤其是与鸡饲料相比)”可知,研究人员一开始不确定啤酒废弃物是否能作昆虫的饲料,是因为啤酒废料缺乏必要的碳水化合物。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“WhenDrEriksenmadefurtherchemicalanalysis,hefoundfewdifferencesinthenutrientsneededforfarmanimals’growth.(当埃里克森博士进行进一步的化学分析时,他发现农场动物生长所需的营养物质几乎没有什么不同)”以及最后一段“Whattheresearchersfoundisgoodnewsforsomeotherindustrieswhosewasteislikewiseplentifulandprotein-rich,andtheynowlooktobereasonabletargetsfornutrientrecyclingbyinsects.(研究人员的发现对其他一些工业来说是个好消息,这些工业的废物同样丰富,富含蛋白质,现在它们看起来是昆虫养分回收的合理目标)”可推知,昆虫可以把啤酒废料变成肉。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whattheresearchersfoundisgoodnewsforsomeotherindustrieswhosewasteislikewiseplentifulandprotein-rich,andtheynowlooktobereasonabletargetsfornutrientrecyclingbyinsects.(研究人员的发现对其他一些工业来说是个好消息,这些工业的废物同样丰富,富含蛋白质,现在它们看起来是昆虫养分回收的合理目标)”可推知,该实验的前景不限于啤酒行业。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoPolitelyCancelPlansOverTextYoumadeplanswithfriends,butwhenit’stimetoleavethehouse,youjustdon’thavetheenergy.Or,maybesomethingelsecomesup,andyoucan’tmakeit.___16___Butwithafewtips,youcandoitpolitely.◆Textthemassoonaspossible.Thatway,yourfriendscanrearrangetheirschedules.Ifyouknowyoucannotmakeit,trytotextadayaheadoftime.Otherwise,yourfriendsmightbeannoyedabouttheinconvenience.Ifthere’sanemergencyandyouhavetocanceltheplanatthelastminute,that’sfine.___17___◆Behonestaboutyoursituation.___18___Ifyou’veencounteredachangeinyourschedule,justtellthemwhatitis.Yourfriendswillbemoreunderstandingiftheycantellyou’retellingthetruth.Justsaythingslike:“Iranintoanissueatwork.”or“I’mdealingwithsomefamilyproblems.”◆Askifyoucanreschedule.Insteadofsaying“Let’shangoutsoon!”,pickanewtime,soyourfriendsknowthatyou’reserious.___19___Trytoincludethisinyouroriginalmessagesotheyknowwhatyou’redoingrightaway,andmakesureit’saplanyoucansticktosoyoudon’thavetocancelagain.◆___20___Addinonemorenicethingtomakeacompliment(赞美)sandwich.Afteryoutellyourfriendsyouhavetocancelandapologize,letthemknowhowmuchyouappreciatethemmakingplanswithyou.Thiswillreassurethemthatyoulovespendingtimewiththem,anditcanevenhelpyoufeellessguilty,too.A.Startwithyourappreciation.B.Thankthemforinvitingyouout.C.Letthemknowhowurgentthesituationis.D.There’snoneedtolieaboutwhat’sgoingon.E.Itshowsthatyouaren’tjustblowingthemoff.F.Otherwise,youshouldtrytocancelaheadoftime.G.Whateverthecaseis,cancellingplanscanbeannoying.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.E20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,文章就如何礼貌地通过短信取消计划给出了一些建议。【16题详析】空处上文“Youmadeplanswithfriends,butwhenit’stimetoleavethehouse,youjustdon’thavetheenergy.Or,maybesomethingelsecomesup,andyoucan’tmakeit.(你和朋友制定了计划,但当要离开家的时候,你就是没有精力。或者,可能有其他事情发生,而你无法做到。)”提到了一些你需要取消计划的情况,空处下文“Butwithafewtips,youcandoitpolitely.(但只要有一些小技巧,你就可以礼貌地做到这一点。)”提到有一些小技巧可以帮助有礼貌地取消计划。由此可知,本空应是承上启下句,指出计划取消可能会给人带来困扰,进而引出下文对于“礼貌地取消计划的方法”的介绍,G项“Whateverthecaseis,cancellingplanscanbeannoying.(不管是什么情况,取消计划都很烦人。)”说明取消计划会很烦人,承上启下,其中的thecase指的是上文提到的情况,因此G选项符合语境。故选G。【17题详析】根据本段的主旨句“◆Textthemassoonaspossible.(尽快给他们发短信。)”可知,本段提出的建议是“尽快给他们发短信”,根据空处上文“Thatway,yourfriendscanrearrangetheirschedules.(这样,你的朋友可以重新安排他们的日程。)”和“Ifthere’sanemergencyandyouhavetocanceltheplanatthelastminute,that’sfine.(如果有紧急情况,你不得不在最后一刻取消计划,那也没关系。)”可知,这样做的目的是让朋友们有时间重新安排日程,以避免给他们带来不便和困扰,除非你有紧急情况,不得不在最后一刻取消安排,否则都应该尽快给朋友发短信。F项“Otherwise,youshouldtrytocancelaheadoftime.(否则,你应该尽量提前取消。)”说明了要尽量提前取消,再次与本段的段落小标题相呼应,其中,aheadoftime与thelastminute相对应,因此符合语境。故选F。【18题详析】根据本段的主旨句“◆Behonestaboutyoursituation.(诚实面对自己的处境。)”可知,本段提出的建议是“诚实地说明自己的情况”。根据空处下文“Ifyou’veencounteredachangeinyourschedule,justtellthemwhatitis.Yourfriendswillbemoreunderstandingiftheycantellyou’retellingthetruth.(如果你的日程安排发生了变化,直接告诉他们是什么。如果你的朋友知道你说的是实话,他们会更加理解你。)”可知,如果你的日程发生了变化,只需告诉朋友实情,这样能够建立更好的信任关系,并且朋友会更理解你的决定。D项“There’snoneedtolieaboutwhat’sgoingon.(没有必要对正在发生的事情撒谎。)”说明了要说出实情,符合此处的语境,选项中的lieaboutwhat’sgoingon与上文中的tellingthetruth相呼应。故选D。【19题详析】根据本段的主旨句“◆Askifyoucanreschedule.(询问是否可以重新安排时间。)”可知,本段提出的建议是“询问你们是否可以重新约时间”。根据空处上文“Insteadofsaying“Let’shangoutsoon!”,pickanewtime,soyourfriendsknowthatyou’reserious.(与其说“我们快点出去玩吧!”,选择一个新的时间,这样你的朋友就知道你是认真的。)”可知,询问朋友是否可以重新约时间可以显示出自己的诚意和重视,且有助于朋友建立朋友对你的信任,并使他们更愿意与你重新安排时间。E项“Itshowsthatyouaren’tjustblowingthemoff.(这表明你并不只是敷衍他们。)”说明了重新约时间表明你没有敷衍他们,而是认真的,因此承接上文,符合语境。故选E。【20题详析】空处为段落小标题。根据下文中的“letthemknowhowmuchyouappreciatethemmakingplanswithyou.Thiswillreassurethemthatyoulovespendingtimewiththem,anditcanevenhelpyoufeellessguilty,too.(让他们知道你有多感激他们和你一起制定计划。这会让他们放心,你喜欢和他们在一起,这甚至可以帮助你减少罪恶感。)”可知,本段的建议是,在告诉朋友你需要取消计划并道歉之后,你要向朋友表达感谢,B项“Thankthemforinvitingyouout.(谢谢他们邀请你外出。)”说明了要对朋友表示感激,能够准确地表达本段的观点,因此可作为本段小标题。故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenwasthelasttimeyoumadespaceinyourlifetoplay?WhenIwasakid,Iknewexactlywhatplay___21___.Itwasclimbingtrees.Itwas___22___mudpies.ButasIgotolder,Ifoundpeoplearoundwerelessandless___23___ofmyplayfulattitude.Pressurefromwork___24___metotonedownmypersonalityuntilIalmostforgothowto___25___.It’sacommonstory.Aswegrowup,we___26___ourconnectiontoourchildhoodmemoriesofimaginationandplay.We’retoldtoact___27___andnotwastetime.Thisisaproblem.Playisan___28___needlikesleepandnutrition.Whenwedon’texperienceit___29___wewillhavedeficits(缺失).Researchersarguethatplaycanallowustothinkmorecreativelyand___30___socialcooperation.Tobringmoreplayintoyourlife,youdon’tnecessarilyneedtomakeanysignificant___31___orreworkyourentireschedule.Youcanstartsmall,somethingas___32___asobservingtinymomentsinnature.Anyincreaseinplaythroughoutyourdayisa___33___—whetherit’sahobbylikepainting,playingaboardgame,orjustanew,___34___attitude.Justfollowtheexampleofyourinnerchildandhecanleadyoutofindmore___35___.21.A.needed B.stressed C.showed D.meant22.A.selling B.making C.finding D.saving23.A.proud B.tolerant C.approving D.deserving24.A.forced B.enabled C.reminded D.inspired25.A.work B.fight C.play D.share26.A.findfaultwith B.losetrackof C.takedelightin D.makepeacewith27.A.humbly B.naturally C.quickly D.seriously28.A.essential B.urgent C.individual D.immediate29.A.secretly B.previously C.personally D.sufficiently30.A.expect B.assess C.practice D.accept31.A.sense B.changes C.progress D.contributions32.A.sweet B.relaxing C.simple D.interesting33.A.win B.pity C.dream D.surprise34.A.firm B.playful C.friendly D.positive35.A.value B.luck C.help D.joy【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.D30.C31.B32.C33.A34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生活中,腾出时间来玩耍有很多好处的。所以作者建议我们要多玩耍。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我还是个孩子的时候,我很清楚玩耍的意义。A.needed需要;B.stressed强调;C.showed展示;D.meant意味着。下文“Itwasclimbingtrees”指出了作者认为玩耍的意义是爬树,下文“myplayfulattitude”也是提示,下文介绍了作者对玩耍的态度,即作者所认为的玩耍的意义,故选D。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:它(玩耍)的意义是做泥饼。A.selling卖;B.making制作;C.finding发现;D.saving挽救。由下文“mudpies”可知,此处介绍玩耍的意义是做泥饼,故选B。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但是随着年龄的增长,我发现周围的人越来越不赞同我玩耍的态度。A.proud骄傲的;B.tolerant忍受的;C.approving赞同的;D.deserving值得的。由but可知,前后是转折关系,即作者周围的人不赞同作者对玩耍的态度。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:来自工作的压力迫使我淡化我的个性,直到我几乎忘记如何去玩耍。A.forced强迫;B.enabled使能够;C.reminded提醒;D.inspired鼓励。由上文“Pressurefromwork”和下文“metotonedownmypersonality”可知,工作的压力迫使作者淡化自己的个性,故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:来自工作的压力迫使我淡化我的个性,直到我几乎忘记如何去玩耍。A.work工作;B.fight成群飞行;C.play玩耍;D.share分享。上文“Whenwasthelasttimeyoumadespaceinyourlifetoplay?”一直在介绍作者对于玩耍的认识,此处指工作的压力使得作者忘记如何去玩耍了,故选C。【26题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:随着我们的成长,我们失去了一些联系,我们的童年记忆的想象力和游戏。A.findfaultwith挑剔;B.losetrackof失去联系;C.takedelightin喜欢;D.makepeacewith与……和睦相处。由上文“Aswegrowup”和下文“ourconnectiontoourchildhoodmemoriesofimaginationandplay”可知,我们长大了,失去了一些联系,故选B。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:我们被告知要认真行动,不要浪费时间。A.humbly谦虚地;B.naturally自然地;C.quickly快速地;D.seriously严肃地,认真地。由上文“We’retoldtoact”可知,别人应该告知我们要认真行动,故选D。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:游戏和睡眠、营养一样,是必不可少的需要。A.essential必要的;B.urgent紧急的;C.individual个人的;D.immediate立即的。由下文“needlikesleepandnutrition”可知,睡眠和营养是我们必不可少的需要,故选A。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:当我们没有足够的经历时,我们将有缺失。A.secretly秘密地;B.previously以前地;C.personally亲自地;D.sufficiently足够地。由下文“wewillhavedeficits(缺失)”可知,没有足够的经历会使我们有所缺失,故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:研究人员认为,游戏可以让我们更有创造性地思考和实践社会合作。A.expect期望;B.assess评价;C.practice练习,实践;D.accept接受。由上文“Researchersarguethatplaycanallowustothinkmorecreatively”可知,游戏可以让我们更有创造性地思考和实践社会合作。故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:为了给生活带来更多的乐趣,你不需要做任何重大的改变或者重新安排你的整个计划。A.sense感觉;B.changes改变;C.progress进步;D.contributions贡献。由下文“orreworkyourentireschedule.”可知,你不需要重新安排你的整个计划,这说明你不需要做出任何重大改变,故选B。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:你可以从小事做起,比如观察大自然中的微小瞬间这种简单事。A.sweet甜的;B.relaxing令人放松的;C.simple简单的;D.interesting有趣的。由下文“observingtinymomentsinnature”可知,观察大自然中的微小瞬间是简单的事,故选C。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在一天中,任何一次游戏的增加都是一种胜利——无论是像绘画、玩棋盘游戏这样的爱好,还是仅仅是一种新的、好玩的态度。A.win获胜,胜利;B.pity遗憾;C.dream梦想;D.surprise惊讶。由上文“Anyincreaseinplaythroughoutyourday”和上文提到的玩耍很重要可知,每天增加一种游戏这是一种胜利,故选A。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在一天中,任何一次游戏的增加都是一种胜利——无论是像绘画、玩棋盘游戏这样的爱好,还是仅仅是一种新的、好玩的态度。A.firm稳定的;B.playful好玩的;C.friendly友好的;D.positive积极的。由上文“whetherit’sahobbylikepainting,playingaboardgame,orjustanew”和上文提到的玩耍很重要,所以说有一种新的好玩的态度是一种胜利,故选B。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:只要追随你内心的孩童的脚步,他就能带领你找到更多的快乐。A.value价值;B.luck运气;C.help帮助;D.joy快乐。根据上文“Justfollowtheexampleofyourinnerchildandhecanleadyoutofindmore”可知,追随你内心的孩童的脚步,这能让你玩耍,所以你就会找到更多快乐,故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PotalaPalace(布达拉宫)isthehighestancientpalaceintheworld.Thepalace,____36____(name)afteraholyhill,issaidtobeusedforgreetingaHanprincess.Legendhasitthatinthe7thcentury,____37____(greet)hisbride(新娘)PrincessWenchengoftheTangDynasty,SongtsenGampobuiltapalacewithathousandroomsupontheRedHillandnameditPotala.Thepalacewas____38____(main)madeofstonesandwoods,anddecorated____39____speciallocaltreebranches.Later,theancientpalace____40____(destroy)inwars.____41____weseeatpresentisthearchitectureoftheQingDynastyandthecontinuousexpandingworkoutcomesincethe17thcentury.ThePalacehastwoparts,theRedPalaceasthecenterandtheWhitePalaceastwowings.TheRedPalaceisthe____42____(high)partinthecenterthatiscompletelydevotedtoreligious(宗教的)study.Itwaspaintedredtorepresentpower.Itconsistsofdifferenthallsand____43____(library)onmanylevelswithwindingpassages.TheWhitePalace,____44____onceservedastheofficebuildingofthelocalgovernment,makesupthelivingquarters(居住区),and_____45_____(it)wallswerepaintedwhitetoexpresspeaceandcalmness.【答案】36.named37.togreet38.mainly39.with40.wasdestroyed41.What42.highest43.libraries44.which45.its【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了布达拉宫的历史和特点,包括其命名由来、建造过程、建筑特色以及其在西藏与王朝交流中的重要地位。【36题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这座宫殿以一座圣山命名,据说是用来迎接汉朝公主的。分析句子结构可知,此句中已有谓语,故此处使用所给词的非谓语动词形式。空处与其逻辑主语“Thepalace”之间是动宾关系,所以此处应用过去分词。故填named。【37题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意:传说公元7世纪,松赞干布为了迎接他的新娘唐朝文成公主,在红山上建造了一座千室宫殿,并将其命名为布达拉宫。分析句子结构可知,此句中已有谓语动词built,故此处使用所给词的非谓语形式。结合语境可知,此处应使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填togreet。【38题详析】考查副词。句意:宫殿主要由石头和木头建造,并装饰着当地特殊的树枝。空处修饰动词短语“wasmadeof”,应用副词形式作状语。故填mainly。【39题详析】考查介词。句意:宫殿主要由石头和木头建造,并装饰着当地特殊的树枝。decorate...with...为固定搭配,意为“用……装饰……”。故填with。【40题详析】考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:后来,这座古宫殿在战争中被毁。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语。根据语境可知,句子应用一般过去时。“theancientpalace”与空处是动宾关系,句子应用被动语态。主语“theancientpalace”为单数形式,be动词用was。故填wasdestroyed。【41题详析】考查主语从句。句意:我们现在看到的是清朝的建筑和17世纪以来不断扩大的工作成果。分析句子结构可知,“weseeatpresent”为主语从句,空处在从句中充当see的宾语,表示“我们现在所看到的布达拉宫”。what在主语从句中作宾语,意为“……的事物”,且空处位于句首,单词首字母应大写。故填What。【42题详析】考查形容词的最高级。句意:红宫是中心最高的部分,完全致力于宗教研究。由句意可知,这里表示“最高的”部分,所以应用形容词最高级。故填highest。【43题详析】考查名词的数。句意:它由多层不同的大厅和图书馆组成,有蜿蜒的通道。library意为“图书馆”,为可数名词。空前有different修饰,且空处与halls并列,所以此处应用library的复数形式。故填libraries。【44题详析】考查定语从句。句意:白宫曾是当地政府的办公楼,是生活区,墙壁被漆成白色,以表达和平与平静。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,并在该从句中作主语,从句修饰指物的先行词TheWhitePalace,应用关系代词which。故填which。【45题详析】考查代词。句意:白宫曾是当地政府的办公楼,是生活区,墙壁被漆成白色,以表达和平与平静。空处修饰名词walls,作定语,应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华,最近你很苦恼,因为你经常和父母发生争执。请你给英国笔友Tom写一封信,向他倾诉你成长中的烦恼。内容包括:1.父母的过度关心带给你的困惑和烦恼;2.向Tom寻求解决方案。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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