2024-2025学年山西省太原市部分学校高一下学期开学英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省太原市部分学校2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AUrbangardensarevaluableassetstocommunities.Theyprovidegreenspacestogrowsustainablefood,buildcommunitycohesion（凝聚力）,makenewfriends,connectwiththeearth,andmuchmore.So,let'scheckoutourlistof4inspiringurbangardensintheUS.GothamGreensWhere:NewYorkChicagoWhat:GothamGreensfirststartedinBrooklynandnowhasfourlocationsinNewYorkCityandChicago.TheirflagshipfarminBrooklynproducesover100,000poundsofgreensperyear.Butitdoesn'tjustproducehealthylocalvegetables.Itisusinghigh-techgreenhouseswithsolarpanelstomakesurethefoodgrownishealthyandsustainable.BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudentsWhere:Baltimore,MarylandWhat:TheBaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents（BUGS）programencouragesstudentstogettheirhandsdirtyandplantvegetablesthroughtheirafter-schoolandsummerprograms.Manyofthesekidsdon'thaveaccesstogreenspaces,andhaveneverhadtheopportunitytogrowfood.ReVisionUrbanFarmWhere:Boston,MassachusettsWhat:ReVisionUrbanFarminBostonworksinpartnershipwiththeReVisionFamilyHome—ashelterfor22homelessparentsandtheirkids.Thefarmprovidesthesefamilieswithinformationonhealthyeating,andaccesstothefarm'sfreshvegetables.Theorganizationalsoprovidesjobtrainingtohelpfamiliesescapethecycleofpoverty.SwaleWhere:NewYorkWhat:Swale,afloatingfoodforestlocatedonalargeboat,isaninnovativeprojectmeanttoinspirecitizenstorethinktherelationshipbetweenourcitiesandourfood.Thisurbangardenservesasbothalivingartexhibitandaneducationalfarm.Foodforestsaresustainablegardensthatincludevegetables,fruit,nuttrees,bushes,herbs,andvines-eachonecomplementingtheotherinasymbiotic（共生的）relationship.1.WhatdoestheBUGSprogrammainlydo?A.Providejobtrainingforstudents.B.Usehigh-techgreenhousestogrowhealthyfood.C.Createasustainablegardenonalargeboat.D.Offerstudentstheopportunitytogrowvegetables.2.Whichurbangardenhelpspeoplegetoutofpoverty?A.GothamGreens. B.BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents.C.ReVisionUrbanFarm. D.Swale.3.Wherecancitizensgotoseeafoodforest?A.Chicago. B.Baltimore.C.Boston. D.NewYork.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了城市花园是社区的宝贵资产。它们为种植可持续粮食提供绿色空间，建立社区凝聚力(凝聚力)，结交新朋友，与地球相连，等等。本文主要介绍了美国4个城市花园。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“TheBaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents（BUGS）programencouragesstudentstogettheirhandsdirtyandplantvegetablesthroughtheirafter-schoolandsummerprograms.（巴尔的摩城市园艺与学生(BUGS)项目鼓励学生们通过课后和暑期项目亲自动手种植蔬菜。）”可知，BUGS这个项目主要是让学生们课后种植蔬菜。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Theorganizationalsoprovidesjobtrainingtohelpfamiliesescapethecycleofpoverty.（该组织还提供职业培训，帮助家庭摆脱贫困的循环。）”可知，ReVisionUrbanFarm能够帮助人们脱离贫困。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句“Swale,afloatingfoodforestlocatedonalargeboat,isaninnovativeprojectmeanttoinspirecitizenstorethinktherelationshipbetweenourcitiesandourfood.（Swale是一个位于一艘大船上的漂浮食物森林，这是一个创新项目，旨在启发市民重新思考我们的城市和食物之间的关系。）”以及“.Foodforestsaresustainablegardensthatincludevegetables,fruit,nuttrees,bushes,herbs,andvines-eachonecomplementingtheotherinasymbiotic（共生的）relationship.”（食物林是可持续发展的花园，包括蔬菜、水果、坚果树、灌木、草本植物和葡萄藤，每一种都以共生关系相互补充）可知，位于纽约的Swale是一个食物森林。故选D项。BCynthiaRosenzweigwasawardedtheWorldFoodPrize.Sheplayedaleadingroleinmodelling(建模)theeffectsofclimatechangeonfoodproduction.Asaclimateresearchscientist,shehasspentmuchofthecareerexplainingthatglobalfoodproductionadaptstoachangingclimate.Cynthia,whodescribesherselfasaclimatescientist,grewupinavillagenearNewYork,anareathatledhertoliveinthecountry.ShemovedtoItalywithherhusband-to-beinher20sanddevelopedaninterestinagriculture.AfterreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefocusedhereducationonagriculturalscience.SheworkedasagraduatestudentattheGoddardInstituteforSpaceStudiesintheearly1980s,whenglobalclimatemodelswerebeginningtoshowtheeffectsofhumanrelatedCO2ontheglobalclimate.Astheonlyteammemberstudyingagriculture,sheresearchedtheeffectonfoodproductionandhasbeenworkingsincethentoanswerthosequestions.ShecompletedthefirstexperimentofhowclimatechangewillaffectfoodproductioninNorthAmericain1985andgloballyin1994.Cynthiahasstudiedhowfarmerscandealwithclimatechangeandhowagricultureworsenstheproblem.Forexample,shewrotearesearchpaperthatsaidglobalagri-foodsystemscreatenearlyone-thirdofthetotalglobalgreenhousegasescausedbyhumanactivity.Sheaddedthatgreenhousegasescomefrommanypartsoffoodproduction,includingtheclearingofforestsforfarmland.4.WhathelpsCynthiawintheWorldFoodPrize?A.Thegreatsuccessinspaceresearch.B.TheimportantroleinagriculturalstudiesC.ThestudyofclimateeffectsonfoodproductionD.Thescientificresearchonglobalclimatechange5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutCynthia?A.Theresearchinformation. B.ThechiefachievementsC.Thefamilymembers. D.Thelifeexperiences.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCynthia?A.Hard-working B.Humorous. C.Easy-going. D.Graceful7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Forestsshouldmakeroomforfarmland.B.Foodproductionalsoaffectsclimatechange.C.FarmersrelyonclimateforfoodproductionD.Agricultureisthemainsourceofgreenhousegas.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一位世界粮食奖者——辛西娅·罗森茨威格，她致力于研究气候与粮食生产之间的互相影响。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据首段“Asaclimateresearchscientist,shehasspentmuchofthecareerexplainingthatglobalfoodproductionadaptstoachangingclimate.(作为一名气候研究科学家，她职业生涯的大部分时间都在解释全球粮食生产是如何适应气候变化的。)”可知，辛西娅·罗森茨威格被授予世界粮食奖是因为她研究的是全球粮食生产是如何适应气候变化的，也就是说，气候对粮食生产的影响。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Cynthia,whodescribesherselfasaclimatescientist,grewupinavillagenearNewYork,anareathatledhertoliveinthecountry.ShemovedtoItalywithherhusband-to-beinher20sanddevelopedaninterestinagriculture.AfterreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefocusedhereducationonagriculturalscience.(辛西娅自称是一名气候科学家，她在纽约附近的一个村庄长大，这一地区导致她住在乡下。20多岁时，她和未来的丈夫搬到了意大利，并对农业产生了兴趣。回到美国后，她专注于农业科学的教育。)”可知，先是介绍她成长的村庄，然后和未婚夫搬去意大利，然后回到美国，这是她生活的经历。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Astheonlyteammemberstudyingagriculture,sheresearchedtheeffectonfoodproductionandhasbeenworkingsincethentoanswerthosequestions.ShecompletedthefirstexperimentofhowclimatechangewillaffectfoodproductioninNorthAmericain1985andgloballyin1994.(作为团队中唯一研究农业的成员，她研究了对粮食生产的影响，并从那时起一直致力于回答这些问题。1985年和1994年，她分别完成了关于气候变化如何影响北美和全球粮食生产的第一个实验。)”可知，她一直致力于研究对粮食生产的影响，是一位很努力工作的科学家。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据末段第二句“Forexample,shewrotearesearchpaperthatsaidglobalagri-foodsystemscreatenearlyone-thirdofthetotalglobalgreenhousegasescausedbyhumanactivity.(例如，她写了一篇研究论文，称全球农业食品系统产生了近三分之一的人类活动造成的全球温室气体。)”可知，食品生产使全球温室气体增加了近三分之一，所以食品生产对气候变化也有影响。故选B。CMostofushavetoldalieatonetimeoranother.Someliesareharmful.Othersaremostlyharmless.Stillotherliesmayevenbecreatedwiththebestofintentions.Butnomatterwhatkindoflieyoutell,ittakesagreatdealofbrainpowertokeepyourliecovered.Peopleliefordifferentreasons.Sometimestheydoittomakethemselveslookbetter.Sometimestheylietogetoutoftrouble.Someliesarewell-intended,whichscientistscall“prosociallies”.Maybeyoutellyourparentsthatyoulovedthesweatertheygaveyouforyourbirthday(eventhoughyouwerereallyhopingforanewcellphone).That’saprosociallie.Whenyoutellthetruth,yourbraindoesn’thavetodoanythingunusual.Lyingtakesmuchmorework.Forexample,whenyouarelateforclass,youtellaliethatyouhavetostopbythelibraryandpickupabook.Yourteachermayasktoseethebookorevenaskyoutoreadit.Thismayresultinaseries(系列)oflies,causingalotofbrainworkdoneintheprefrontalcortex(前额皮层).It’sthepartinchargeofworkingmemory.Workingmemorykeepssomethinginmindjustforalittlewhile.Whenyouuseself-controltokeepfromtellingthetruth,thispartcomesintoplay.Spendingsomuchbrainpowertryingtokeepastorystraightmeansprefrontalcortexhasahardertimedoingothertasksthatrequireplanning,self-controlorworkingmemory,suchasplanningastudyschedule.Kid’sprefrontalcortexisnotfullydevelopeduntilaroundage25.Sotheyhavefewerresources(资源)theretobeginwith.Thatiswhyresearchersfeelit’simportantthatkidstudentsfinddependablepeopletowhomtheycansafelytellevenpainfultruthsaboutthemselves.“Nearlyallculturesvaluehonesty,”Talwarsays.And,sheadds,“Therearethingspeoplecandotohelpcreateaculturethatstrengthensthevalueofhonesty.Ratherthanpunishingpeopleforlying,itismoreimportanttopraisethemfortellingthetruth.”8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphintendtotellus?A.Lyingstealsbrainpower.B.Harmlessliesarewelcome.C.Trustisnowheretobeseen.D.Manyliesarewellintended.9.Whatdowelearnaboutprosociallies?A.Theybringtellersalotoffun.B.Theygettellersoutoftrouble.C.Theymakereceiversfeelgood.D.Theyleadreceiverstoadeepthinking.10.Whyshouldkidstelltruthstodependablepeopleaccordingtoresearchers?A.Tomakethemfeelsafe.B.Toimprovetheircontrol.C.Toguidetheirstudyschedule.D.Tofreeuptheirworkingmemory.11.WhatdoesTalwarsuggesttostrengthenthevalueofhonesty?A.Makingpeoplesufferfromtellinglies.B.Givingpeoplepraiseforbeinghonest.C.Helpingpeopletoleadacreativelife.D.Askingpeopletolearndifferentcultures.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无论是什么样的谎言，都需要大量的脑力来掩盖谎言，人们可以称赞诚实，来帮助创造一种加强诚实价值的文化。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butnomatterwhatkindoflieyoutell,ittakesagreatdealofbrainpowertokeepyourliecovered.(但无论你说什么样的谎言，都需要大量的脑力来掩盖你的谎言)”可知，无论什么样的谎言，说谎都会窃取脑力。故选A项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Maybeyoutellyourparentsthatyoulovedthesweatertheygaveyouforyourbirthday(eventhoughyouwerereallyhopingforanewcellphone).That’saprosociallie.(也许你告诉你的父母，你喜欢他们送给你的生日毛衣（尽管你真的很希望有一部新手机）。这是亲社会的谎言)”可推知，亲社会谎言可以让听到的人不会感觉失望，而是感觉良好。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Spendingsomuchbrainpowertryingtokeepastorystraightmeansprefrontalcortexhasahardertimedoingothertasksthatrequireplanning,self-controlorworkingmemory,suchasplanningastudyschedule.Kid’sprefrontalcortexisnotfullydevelopeduntilaroundage25.Sotheyhavefewerresourcestheretobeginwith.Thatiswhyresearchersfeelit’simportantthatkidstudentsfinddependablepeopletowhomtheycansafelytellevenpainfultruthsaboutthemselves.(花费如此多的脑力来保持故事的连贯性意味着前额皮层更难完成其他需要计划、自我控制或工作记忆的任务，例如计划学习日程。孩子的前额皮层直到25岁左右才完全发育。因此，他们一开始拥有更少的资源。这就是为什么研究人员觉得重要的是，孩子们要找到可靠的人，他们可以安全地告诉对方关于自己的甚至是痛苦的真相)”可知，说谎会使得前额皮层完成的工作记忆的任务量加重，而孩子的前额皮层到25岁左右才完全发育。由此推知，孩子们向可靠的人说出真相可以释放工作记忆，减少任务量。故选D项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Therearethingspeoplecandotohelpcreateaculturethatstrengthensthevalueofhonesty.Ratherthanpunishingpeopleforlying,itismoreimportanttopraisethemfortellingthetruth.(人们可以做一些事情来帮助创造一种加强诚实价值的文化。比起因说谎而惩罚人们人，更重要的是因他们说实话而赞扬他们)”可知，塔瓦尔建议让人们称赞诚实，以此加强诚实的价值。故选B项。DYou’velikelybeenunabletoavoidtalkofthemetaverse(虚拟空间/元宇宙)inthepastfewmonths.Theterm,firstcoinedbysci-fiauthorNealStephensonina1992novel,hasbecomeavisionofthefutureoftechnologyinourlives.Andifthatistobebelieved,it’swherewe’llbelivingtherestofourdigitallives.“Themetaverseisafurthercombinationofourphysicalanddigitallives,”saysCathyHacklofFuturesIntelligenceGroup.Putplainly,themetaverseisa3Dvirtualspacethatcanbeaccessedthroughvirtualrealitygoggles(眼镜),addingelementsofthedigitalontopofourday-to-daylives.Youcouldattendconcertsandconferencesinthemetaverse,stagedina3Ddigitalrepresentationofanightcluborconferencecenter.Elsewhere,you’llshopforshoesinavirtualNikestoreororderfoodinavirtualMcDonald’sandhaveitdeliveredtoyourreal-worldhome.“It’sthefutureoftheInternet.Butit’salsoaboutfurtherconnectivity,”saysHackl.Sofar,mostoftheattentionaroundthemetaversehasbeenfocusedonthecompanyformerlyknownasFacebook,whichrebrandedlastyearasMetainanindicationofhowstronglyitbelievesinthefutureofthemetaverse.FounderMarkZuckerbergwantsabillionofustolive,work,andplayinthemetaverseby2030.ButHacklwarnspeoplenottoviewthesocialmediagiantasthecenterofthemetaverse.“It’snotjustonecompany,”shesays.“Nosinglecompanycanbuildit,either.”It’salsonotenabledbyasingletechnology,eventhoughrightnowthewayto“enter”themetaverseistowearapairofvirtualrealitygoggles.WhiletheearlyrunningmaybemadebyMeta,themomentum(势头)willbepickedupbyothers.Andjustbecausewehaveanideaofwhatthemetaversewilllooklikenow,itdoesn’tmeanthat’swhatit’llendupas,Hacklwarns.“ThewayIexplainitiswe’reinahigh-speedtrain,destinationmetaverse,”shesays.“Wedon’tknowthestops,butwekindofknowwherewe’reheading.”12.Whatisthemetaverseaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisjustawordfromasci-finovel.B.Itisa3Dvirtualspacethatcanconnectfuturelife.C.Itiswherewe’llbelivingtherestofourdigitallives.D.ItisavirtualworldthatinteractswiththerealworldthroughVRgoggles.13.Whydoesthewritermentionconcertsandconferenceinparagraph2?A.Tointroducehowthemetaverseworks.B.Torecommendanewwayofenjoyinglifeinthefuture.C.Totellreaderswhathislifewillbelikeinthemetaverse.D.Toprovideexamplesofhowphysicalanddigitallivescombine.14.WhatcanweknowaboutMetafromthepassage?A.Itisthecentreofthemetaverse.B.ItisasocialmediagiantlikeFacebook.C.Itseemstotakealeadingpartinthefieldofthemetaverse.D.Itbelievesallofuscouldlive,workandplayinthemetaverseby2030.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.Wewon’tstopuntilwerealizethemetaverse.B.Itmatterswhowillbeinchargeofthebuildingofthemetaverse.C.Hacklisnotfamiliarwiththetrainshetookbutknowswheretogetoff.D.Thoughnotknowingtheprocess,Hacklissureaboutthebrightfutureofthemetaverse.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍了什么是元宇宙，以及对我们生活会有哪些改变，以及目前发展的最好的公司是谁，以及对未来的展望。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Putplainly,themetaverseisa3Dvirtualspacethatcanbeaccessedthroughvirtualrealitygoggles,addingelementsofthedigitalontopofourday-to-daylives.(简而言之，虚拟世界是一个可以通过虚拟现实眼镜进入的3D虚拟空间，在我们的日常生活中添加了数字元素)”可知，元宇宙是一个通过VR眼镜与现实世界互动的虚拟世界。故选D项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Themetaverseisafurthercombinationofourphysicalanddigitallives”(元宇宙是我们实体生活和数字生活的进一步结合)和“Putplainly,themetaverseisa3Dvirtualspacethatcanbeaccessedthroughvirtualrealitygoggles,addingelementsofthedigitalontopofourday-to-daylives.Youcouldattendconcertsandconferencesinthemetaverse,stagedina3Ddigitalrepresentationofanightcluborconferencecenter.Elsewhere,you’llshopforshoesinavirtualNikestoreororderfoodinavirtualMcDonald’sandhaveitdeliveredtoyourreal-worldhome.(简而言之，虚拟世界是一个可以通过虚拟现实眼镜进入的3D虚拟空间，在我们的日常生活中添加了数字元素。你可以在虚拟世界里参加音乐会和会议，在三维数字形式的夜总会或会议中心举行。在其他地方，你可以在虚拟的耐克商店购买鞋子，或者在虚拟的麦当劳订购食物，然后把食物送到你现实世界的家里)”可推知，作者提到音乐会和会议是为了提供实体生活和数字生活如何结合的例子。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ButHacklwarnspeoplenottoviewthesocialmediagiantasthecenterofthemetaverse.“It’snotjustonecompany,”shesays.“Nosinglecompanycanbuildit,either.”It’salsonotenabledbyasingletechnology,eventhoughrightnowthewayto“enter”themetaverseistowearapairofvirtualrealitygoggles.WhiletheearlyrunningmaybemadebyMeta,themomentumwillbepickedupbyothers.(但哈克警告人们不要将这家社交媒体巨头视为虚拟世界的中心。“不只是一家公司，”她说。“也没有一家公司可以单独建造它。”它也不是由单一技术实现的，即使现在“进入”虚拟世界的方式是戴上一副虚拟现实眼镜。虽然Meta可能会抢先一步，但其他公司也会跟进)”可知，Meta可能会抢先一步研究出虚拟现实眼镜，可推知，它似乎在元宇宙领域占据领导地位。故选C项。【15题详析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Andjustbecausewehaveanideaofwhatthemetaversewilllooklikenow,itdoesn’tmeanthat’swhatit’llendupas,Hacklwarns.“ThewayIexplainitiswe’reinahigh-speedtrain,destinationmetaverse,”shesays.(哈克警告说，仅仅因为我们知道现在的元宇宙是什么样子，并不意味着它最终会是什么样子。她说:“我的解释是，我们是在一列高速列车上，目的地是元宇宙。”)”可推知，最后一段带下划线的句子是虽然不知道这个过程，但Hackl对超宇宙的光明未来充满信心。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoHaveanAttractivePersonalityBeingattractivecomesmorefromyourpersonalitythanyourappearance,anddemonstratinganattractivepersonalityiskeytohavinglastingrelationships.

______16______Thefollowingtipshelpfosteryourabilitytofascinateothers.Laughatyourself.

Ifyoumakeafoolofyourself,laughatyourselfinsteadoffeelingembarrassed.Itshowsthatyou’recomfortableinyourskin.Asenseofhumormakessomeonemoreengaginganddelightfultobewith.______17______Itisagreatice-breakerorstressreliever,butdon’truinaseriousconversationwithinappropriatejokes.Speaksincerely.

Tellpeoplethetruth.Ifyoucan’tcommittosomething,it’sbettertobehonestaboutitthantohavetotellthemlastminutethatyoucan’tmakeit.Whenpeopleaskforyouropinion,youshouldbehonest.

______18______Forinstance,ifyoudon’tlikeyourfriend’sshirt,respondwith,“Ireallylikeyouinblueinstead,”ratherthan,“Ihateit,it’sugly.”

______19______

Ifyouseevalueinmakingotherslaughandkeepyourselfpositive,you’llbeahappierperson,makingothersdrawntoyouasaresult.Agreatwaytoremindyoutolaughmoreistohavedailyjokesonyourphoneoremail.Setthemforatimeofdaywhenyounoticeyourselfstarttofeeldrained.Haveconfidenceinyourbody.

Youdon’thavetohavethe“perfectbody”tobeconfidentinit.Peoplewillbemoreattractedtoyouifyoudresswellandcarryyourselfwell.Ifyouneedalittleboost,placepostersaroundyourmirrorthatremindyouofthe

charmingpartsofyourbody._______20_______A.Speakina

positiveway.B.Makelaughingapriority.C.Remember,thereisa

timeandplaceforhumor.D.Thereisdifferencebetweenbeingfrank

andrude,though.E.Focusontheseratherthanwhat

you’reself-consciousabout.F.Actually,developingengagingpersonalitiesisnotthatfaroutofreach.G.Buthavingcharming

appearanceisonlyskin-deepandfarfromenough.【答案】16.F17.C18.D19.B20.E【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何拥有迷人的个性。【16题详析】根据上文“Beingattractivecomesmorefromyourpersonalitythanyourappearance,anddemonstratinganattractivepersonalityiskeytohavinglastingrelationships.(魅力更多地来自于你的个性而不是外表，展现有魅力的个性是拥有持久关系的关键。)”可知，上文介绍了拥有迷人的个性的重要性，F项意为“事实上，培养迷人的个性并非遥不可及。”选项能够承接上文，选项中的“engagingpersonalities”和上文的“attractivepersonality”相呼应，其能引起下文，下文介绍的正是如何拥有迷人的个性。故选F。【17题详析】根据下文“Itisagreatice-breakerorstressreliever,butdon’truinaseriousconversationwithinappropriatejokes.(这是一个很好的破冰或减压方法，但不要用不恰当的笑话破坏严肃的对话。)”可知，下文的例子告诉我们，幽默感很重要，但也要分时间和地点，不要用不恰当的笑话破坏严肃的对话，C项意为“记住，幽默是有时间和地点的。”选项能够引起下文，下文的例子正是对选项内容的举例说明。故选C。【18题详析】根据下文“Forinstance,ifyoudon’tlikeyourfriend’sshirt,respondwith,“Ireallylikeyouinblueinstead,”ratherthan,“Ihateit,it’sugly.”(例如，如果你不喜欢你朋友的衬衫，用“我真的很喜欢你穿蓝色的衣服”，而不是“我讨厌它，它很难看。”)”可知，下文的例子告诉我们，真诚很重要，但也要注意尺度，真诚和粗鲁是有区别的，D项意为“不过，真诚和粗鲁是有区别的。”选项能够引起下文，下文的例子正是对选项内容的举例说明，“我讨厌它，它很难看。”正是一种粗鲁的表达方法。故选D。【19题详析】根据下文“Ifyouseevalueinmakingotherslaughandkeepyourselfpositive,you’llbeahappierperson,makingothersdrawntoyouasaresult.(如果你看到了让别人笑并让自己保持乐观的价值，你会成为一个更快乐的人，从而让别人被你吸引。)”可知，本段内容介绍的是笑在生活中的重要性，B项意为“把笑放在第一位。”选项能够概括段落主旨，笑在生活中对我们自己和他人都很重要，它会使你成为一个更快乐的人，从而让别人被你吸引。故选B。【20题详析】根据上文“Youdon’thavetohavethe“perfectbody”tobeconfidentinit.Peoplewillbemoreattractedtoyouifyoudresswellandcarryyourselfwell.Ifyouneedalittleboost,placepostersaroundyourmirrorthatremindyouofthecharmingpartsofyourbody.(你不一定要有“完美的身体”才能自信。如果你穿着得体，举止得体，人们会更喜欢你。如果你需要一些激励，在镜子周围贴上海报，提醒自己你身体拥有的迷人的部位。)”可知，上文告诉我们不要过分关注外表，穿着得体，举止得体就好，多关注自己身体所拥有的迷人的部位，E项意为“关注这些，而不是你的自我意识。”选项能够承接上文，告诉我们多关注自己身体的优点，不要过分在意外表。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Weneverstoplearning.ThemostimportantskillI____21____atschoolwaskeepingaroutine(惯例).Routinesallowustodeveloparhythm(节奏)toourlives,buttheyalsohavetheir____22____.Itcanbeeasytogetsousedtoyourroutinethatyoudon’t____23____you’renolongerawareofyourtime.Thiscanstop____24____,whichmeansyoustartlivingyourlifeonautopilot(自动驾驶).Doingthesamethingweekafterweekcanbeboring.Ifyoumaketimetotrynewthingsand____25____newinterests,youcanadjustyourroutinetobetterfityour____26____asthingschange.WhenIfirstcametocollege,Iwas____27____countlesstimesthatit’simportantyoudeveloparoutinesoyoucan____28____thingsimportanttoyou.Butit’seasytoforgetthebiggerpicture.Igotsoaccustomedtothe____29____oldthingsthatIwouldoften____30____aboutalloftheotherfunandexciting____31____collegehadtooffer.Itwasn’tuntilmyjunioryearthatIreallystartedsettingtimeasidetoexplorethingsthatwere____32____tome.Ineededtofinda____33____betweenkeepingastructuredtimetableandfindingtimetobecreativeandtry____34____things.Routinesareimportant,yes,butdon’tforget:it’snottheroutinethat____35____yourlife.It’sonlyyouwhocandeterminehowyouspendyourtime,sodon’tforgettothrowsomethingnewintherefromtimetotime.Aboveallelse,don’tliveyourlifeonautopilot.21.A.madeup B.pickedup C.putoff D.heldback22.A.meanings B.purposes C.disadvantages D.solutions23.A.realize B.believe C.desire D.pretend24.A.service B.play C.explanation D.advance25.A.explore B.lose C.attract D.exchange26.A.business B.research C.lifestyle D.organization27.A.forecast B.ordered C.noticed D.told28.A.bringdown B.focuson C.getacross D.takeaway29.A.simple B.same C.good D.helpful30.A.ask B.talk C.bring D.forget31.A.chances B.holidays C.movies D.lectures32.A.affordable B.safe C.interesting D.real33.A.difference B.balance C.competition D.feeling34.A.certain B.important C.regular D.new35.A.decides B.destroys C.risks D.saves【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.C27.D28.B29.B30.D31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。讲述了自己刚开始是遵循惯例的人，后来发现自己失去了其他有趣和令人兴奋的事，来说明，遵循惯例和重要，但是勇于尝试新的事物也同样重要。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在学校学到的最重要的技能是遵循惯例。A.madeup编造；B.pickedup学会；C.putoff推迟；D.heldback使留在原级。根据前文“Weneverstoplearning.”可知，此处是指，作者在学校学到的技能。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：遵循惯例使我们的生活有节奏，但它们也有缺点。A.meanings意义；B.purposes意图；C.disadvantages缺点；D.solutions解决办法。根据前文“Routinesallowustodeveloparhythm(节奏)toourlives”，以及but表转折可知，前文讲保持规律的好处，空处应是缺点。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很容易习惯你的日常生活，以至于你没有意识到你不再意识到你的时间。A.realize认识到；B.believe相信；C.desire渴望；D.pretend假装。根据前文“Itcanbeeasytogetsousedtoyourroutine”可知，很容易习惯你的日常生活，所以不会意识到时间的流逝。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能会停止前进，这意味着你开始过着自动驾驶的生活。A.service服务；B.play玩耍；C.explanation解释；D.advance前进。根据下文“whichmeansyoustartlivingyourlifeonautopilot(自动驾驶).”可知，这可能会停止前进。故选D项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你花时间去尝试新事物，探索新的兴趣，你可以调整你的日常生活，以更好地适应你的生活方式。A.explore探索；B.lose丢失；C.attract吸引；D.exchange交换。根据前文“Ifyoumaketimetotrynewthings”以及and，可知空处和前文并列，意思相近，所以此处应是探索新的兴趣。故选A项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你花时间去尝试新事物，探索新的兴趣，你可以调整你的日常生活，以更好地适应你的生活方式。A.business商业；B.research研究；C.lifestyle生活方式；D.organization组织。根据前文“Doingthesamethingweekafterweekcanbeboring.”可知，此处说的是生活方式。故选C项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次来到大学，我被告知无数次，重要的是你建立一个惯例，这样你就可以专注于对你重要的事情。A.forecast预测；B.ordered命令；C.noticed注意到；D.told告诉。根据后文“countlesstimesthatit’simportantyoudeveloparoutine”结合选项，此处应是无数次被告诉，符合实际。故选D项。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我第一次来到大学，我被告知无数次，重要的是你建立一个惯例，这样你就可以专注于对你重要的事情。A.bringdown降低；B.focuson专注于；C.getacross被理解；D.takeaway拿走。根据上文“it’simportantyoudeveloparoutine”可知，重要的是你建立一个惯例，这样你就可以专注于对你重要的事情。故选B项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经习惯了同样的旧事物，以至于我常常会忘记大学所提供的所有其他有趣和令人兴奋的机会。A.simple简单的；B.same相同的；C.good好的；D.helpful有帮助的。根据前文“Itcanbeeasytogetsousedtoyourroutine”可知，习惯于惯例，也就是同样的旧事物。故选B项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经习惯了同样的旧事物，以至于我常常会忘记大学所提供的所有其他有趣和令人兴奋的机会。A.ask询问；B.talk说话；C.bring带来；D.forget忘记。根据前文“Butit’seasytoforgetthebiggerpicture.”可知，是作者养成了惯例，导致他经常忘记其他的事。故选D项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经习惯了同样的旧事物，以至于我常常会忘记大学所提供的所有其他有趣和令人兴奋的机会。A.chances机会；B.holidays假日；C.movies电影；D.lectures讲课。根据下文“collegehadtooffer”可知，大学所提供的所有其他有趣和令人兴奋的机会。故选A项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到大三，我才真正开始腾出时间去探索我感兴趣的事情。A.affordable买得起的；B.safe安全的；C.interesting有趣的；D.real真实的。根据前文“Ifyoumaketimetotrynewthingsandnewinterests”可知，是探索感兴趣的事。故选C项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我需要在保持一个有组织的时间表和找时间创新和尝试新事物之间找到平衡。A.difference差异；B.balance均衡；C.competition竞争；D.feeling感觉。根据后文“betweenkeepingastructuredtimetableandfindingtimetobecreativeandtrythings.”可推知，应是在循例和尝试新事物之间找到平衡之意。故选B项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我需要在保持一个有组织的时间表和找时间创新和尝试新事物之间找到平衡。A.certain肯定的；B.important重要的；C.regular定期的；D.new新的。根据前文“Ifyoumaketimetotrynewthings”可知是尝试新事物。故选D项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：惯例很重要，是的，但不要忘记:不是惯例决定你的生活。A.decides决定；B.destroys摧毁；C.risks冒险做；D.saves挽救。根据后文“It’sonlyyouwhocandeterminehowyouspendyourtime”可知，是你自己才能决定自己的生活，而不是惯例。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChineseNewYearisnow____36____(wide)knownastheSpringFestivalbecauseitstartsfromthebeginningofSpring.____37____(it)origin(起源)istoooldtobeknown.Severalexplanationsarehangingaround.ButallagreethatthewordNian,which____38____modernChinesemeans“year”,wasoriginallythenameofamonsterbeast____39____startedtoeatpeoplethenightbeforethebeginningofanewyear.OnelegendgoesthatthebeastNianhadaverybigmouththatwouldswallowagreatmanypeoplewithonebite.Peoplewerevery____40____(frighten).Oneday,____41____oldmancametohelpthem,offeringtosubdue(制伏)Nian.Hetoldpeople____42____(put)upredpaperdecorationsontheirwindowsanddoorsateachyear’sendtoscareawayNianincaseitcamebackagain,becauseredwasthecolorthebeastfearedthemost.Today,thecustomofputtingupredpaperandsettingofffire-crackers____43____(be)stillaround.____44____,peoplehavelong