2018年高考英语试卷（上海）（春考）（解析卷）

第页|共页2018年1月上海普通高等招生统一考试英语试卷参考答案I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeaks.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.AfteryouhearaconversationandaquestionaboutIt,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.M:Kate,happynewyear!Areyoudoinganythingspecial?W:Oh,Bob,thanks!I'mverybusyandverytired.Mybrothersandsistersjoinedusandwehadabigdinnertogether.Q:WhatmadeKatebusyandtired?2.M:Caroline,couldyoutakethekidstothemovieSpiderMan?W:Yeah...butdon'tyouthinkthemovieistooviolentforthem?Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?3.M:Takeaseathere.Therearesomeinterestingmagazinesontheteatable.W:Thankyou.IguessIcanonlyunderstandthepicturesbecausetheyareallChinesemagazines.Q:Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?4.M:Ineedtoothpasteandshampoo.Doyouthinkwecanfindadrugstorehere?W:I'msurewecan.Butthoseitemsareoftencheaperinthesupermarkets.Let'sgodowntotheotherendofthemall.Q:Wherewillthespeakersmostprobablytogo?5.W:Whydon'tyoucomeover.Iwasthinkingaboutdoingsomecooking.M:IsupposeIcould.It'llprobablybehealthierthanmyfrozenfoodoptions.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?6.M:IsthereanywayIcantake6courses?W:itdepends.Ifyouareafull-timestudent,youcan.Ifyouareavisitingscholar,apart-timestudent,oranexchangestudent,youcantakeupto5courses.Q:Whocantakeasmanyas6courses?7.M:Manyofyourcolleaguesdescribeyouassoft-spoken,areyou?W:Well.I'mnotbossy.Theyseemtoregardmeasreliable.Q:Howisthewomaninhercolleagues'eyes?8.W:Johnfirstworkedasabusinessman,andthenateacher.Tenyearslater,hequithisjobandstartedtowritenovels.M:AndhehasbeendoingnothingelseeversinceQ:WhatisJohnnow?9.W:Ifwehurry,wecantaketheexpresstrainratherthanthelocaltrainandsaveanhour.M:Great!TheexpresstraintakesonlytwohourstogetShanghai.Q:HowlongdoesittakethelocaltraintogettoShanghai?10.W:Iheardyoudidsomehikinglastweekend.M:Yes,Ireallyworemyselfout,soIstoppedhalfwayQ:Whydidthemangiveupthehikingtriphalfway?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleansweronyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ResearchersfromOhioStateUniversityexposedtheirlabmicetoartificiallightatnight.Andtheyfoundthatittookonlyafewweeksforthemicetodevelopsignsofdepression,suchasbeinglessactive,havinglessinterestintheirfavoritefoodsandmoreanxietywhenplacedinwater.Thebrainsofthemicealsoshowedsimilarchangestowhatoccursindepressedpeople.Artificiallightatnightliketelevisions,computerscreensandnightlightshasbeenlinkedtoothernegativehealtheffects.Nighttimelightingcandisturbthebody'sclockandincreasetheriskofoverweightandcertaindiseases.Thegoodnewsisthatthesignsofdepressioninthemicewentawayaftertheywentbacktoaregularsleepschedule.Thatiseightfullhoursofdarknessatnight.Thismeansthatbyunpluggingtheelectronicsandclosingthewindowcurtainsinyourbedroom,youmaybeabletoundosomeoftheharmfuleffectsofyoursmartphonelettingoutlightallnight.11.Whathappenedtothemiceaftertheywereexposedtoartificiallightatnightforweeks?12.Whichofthefollowingwillmostprobablydisturbyourbody'sclock?13.Whatareyourecommendedtodoatnightaccordingtotheresearch?Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Here'sthegoodnews:globalpovertyhasfallenbyhalfoverthepastdecade.Buthere'sthebadnews:71%percentoftheworld'spopulationremainlowincomeorpoor.TheyliveofftendollarsorlessadayaccordingtoanewPewResearchCenterreportthatlookedatchangesinincomefor111countriesbetween2001and2011.UnlikeinAmerica,wherethemiddleclasshasbeenfacingdifficultiesinrecentyears,someresearcherssaythatstrongeconomicgrowthindevelopingcountrieshashelpedshrinkpovertyandexpandthemiddleclassglobally.Gutthereportfromthecenterdisagrees,sayingthataglobalmiddleclassisfarfromreality."True,theglobalmiddleclassnearlydoubledoverthedecadeto13percentin2011,butitstillrepresentsasmallpartoftheworld'spopulation.",professorRickashcockle,associatedirectoratthecenter,said,"theworldhasmadetremendousprogressinpullingpeopleoutofpoverty,butmostofthegrowthhasbeenlimited.Peoplearepotentiallyonestepawayfromslippingbackintopoverty."14.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?15.WhichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothePewResearchCenterreport?16.WhichofthefollowingworriesprofessorRickashcockleatthecenter?Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.M:CharterCable,canIhelpyou?W:Yes,hi,wehaveanemergency.OurTVwentoutinthemiddleofourfavoriteshowAmericanidol.M:Iamsorrytohearthatma'am.CanIhaveyournameandaccountnumberplease?W:Yes,it’sGS(女生的名字）andmyaccountnumberis854452.M:Canyoupleasegivemethelastfourdigitsofyoursocialsecuritynumber.W:Yes,it's0253.M:Okay,oursystemisshowingthattherearestrongthunderstormsinyourarea.DidyouhearanynoisewhentheTVwentout?W:Yes,weheardaloudnoise.M:Oh,yourTVcouldhavebeenstruckbylightning.IstheTVstillon?W:Yeah,it'sonbutthestreamisjustallblank.M:Okay,pleaseturntheTVoffuntiloneofourtechnicianscancomeoutandtakealookatitW:Cansomeonecomerightnowtofixit?M:Idon'tthinksoma'am.Letmecheckourcomputersystems.ThenextavailableappointmentisgoingtobenextTuesdaymorning.W;ButtodayisSaturday!M:Iamsorry,that'stheearliestavailabletime.W;Allright,IcanbehereTuesdaymorning.Whattime?M;Atechnicianwillbetheresometimebetweeneighta.m.andelevena.m..W:Okay,I'llbehomeduringthattime.M:IsthereanythingelseIcandoforyoutoday?W:No,thankyouM;Goodbye.17.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?18.Accordingtotheman,whatcausedthewoman'semergency?19.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandobeforethetechniciancomes?20.Whenisthetechnicianmostlikelytoarrive?﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉分割线﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉

答案:

1.团聚

2.不适合孩子们看

3.不会中文

4.supermarket

5.接受邀请

6.full-time学生

7.trustworthy

8.writer

9.3小时

10.太累了

11.没食欲

12.晚上亮着灯

13.晚上别亮灯

14.选贫穷还是问题

15.选middleclass那个

16.选那个“贫穷还会回来的”

17.做个预定

18.badweather

19.关TV

20.选周二早上十点II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA21.do22.less23.hadspent24.nowthat25.how26.in27.Tobe/Being28.Emptied29.tosee30.whereSectionB31-40:DBFKHECAGIIII.ReadingComprehensionSectionA41.B.universal42.A.cultures43.B.behavior44.D.distribute45.C.equally46.C.Culture47.A.productivity48.D.fairness49.B.thoughts50.D.important51.C.bycontrast52.A.familiar53.D.sharing54.C.balancing55.B.imaginarySectionB56-59:CBBA

60-62:CAD63-66:CCBCSectionC66.B.Ifyouansweredno,you’renotalone.67.D.Yourvaluesandneedsmayalsovaryfromoneappointmenttothenext.68.A.Weweighbenefitsofmedicationsversusthecomplexityofaddingonemoredrugtohercrowdedpillbox69.F.Ayearfromnowaftergraduation,we’llrevisittheconversation,ashisgoalsandneedsmaybedifferentIV.SummaryWriting参考答案：Scientiststhinkhumansarebornwiththeabilitytolaugh,butwhydowelaugh?Welaughtofeelclosertooneanother.Laughterhelpsustoberecognizedsowelaughmoreingroupsthanwhenalone.Laughteralsoevolvedfromamorebasicneedtosurviveasitpromotedcooperation,enablinghumanstosurvivebetter.(59w)(bebornwith=beinborn/accepted=recognized=identified/bebornoutof=evolvefrom=comefrom=originatefrom)Laughterisunconscious,infectiousandbasic.Itbringsusatrustworthy,comfortableandhonestfeeling,thusbettermaintainingfriendships.Chancesarethatwelaughmorewithothersaround,contributingtopromptingrecognitionandfeelingmoreconnectedwithoneanother.Scientistsassurethatlaughterresultedingreatercooperationbetweenindividualsinancienttimes,asbettercooperationleadstosurvival.(58w)Wewerebornwiththeabilityofhelpingandscientiststhinkthereasonwhywelaughisthatwefeelconnectedwithothersandwewanttoberecognizedbyothers.Besides,laughterhelpspeopletocooperatetosurvivewith.(40w)内容评分细则5分1.

在包含三个要点的基础上,提及第(2)和第(3)个要点中的主要信息(下划线部分)Welaughtofeelclosertooneanother.Laughterhelpsustoberecognized

sowelaughmoreingroupsthanwhenalone.Laughteralsoevolvedfromamorebasicneedtosurvive

asitpromotedcooperation,enablinghumanstosurvivebetter.2.在包含三个要点的基础上,同时提及“humansarebornwiththeabilitytolaugh”这一信息及第(2)或第(3)个要点中的主要信息(下划线部分)4分在包含三个要点的基础上,提及第(2)或第(3)个要点中的主要信息(下划线部分)Welaughtofeelclosertooneanother.Laughterhelpsustoberecognized

sowelaughmoreingroupsthanwhenalone.Laughteralsoevolvedfromamorebasicneedtosurviveasitpromotedcooperation,enablinghumanstosurvivebetter.3分包含以下三个要点(1)Welaughtofeelclosertooneanother(2)Laughterhelpsustoberecognized.(3)Laughteralsoevolvedfromamorebasicandsurvive.补充细则：1）语言全部沿用原文，语言分为0；内容分不超过4分2）连续沿用原文5个字以上，语言分扣1分3）laugh/laughter/cooperation/survive/survival

允许出现在答案中，不必paraphrase4)

在通篇准确流畅的基础上,文笔优美的语言可适当加分5)62个字以上酌情扣分V.Translation 1.Don’tthinktoomuchsugarydrinks/sugaredbeverages,oritiseasyforyoutogainweight.2.Heinsistedthathewasn’tguiltyofrobbing/robberyincourt.3.Doyouagreecreativityalwaysoccurswhenyouareinagoodmood?4.Whenitcomestoofficeconflicts,expertssuggestoneshouldreflectmoreonherselforhimself,alwaysputthemselvesinothers’shoes,andcommunicatewithworkmatesintime.VI.GuidedWritingDearheadmaster,Soappealing(倒装句)isyourplantointroducearobottoourschoolthat

Idecidetorespondtoyouraskingforproposals.Frommyperspective,arobotismoresuitableforthepositionoflibrarian.Withregardtotherangeofservice,alibrarianneedsnotonlytoclassifydiffer