译林牛津版高中英语模块10-unit-1-Grammar-and-usage-Linking

welcometoourclass第1页Module10Unit1

Grammar

andusage

Linkingwords邳州一中马骥第2页

DiscussionWhat’sthefunctionoflinkingword?第3页

Linksareneededbetweensentencestoconnecttheideasofthesentencestoeachother.Withouttheselinks,itiseasyforreaderstogetconfused.Theselinkshelpreadersworkoutwhatisgoingtohappennextinatext.

第4页Whatarethefourcommontypesoflinksbetweensentences?timesequencewords时间次序关联词causeandeffectwords因果关联词contrastingwords对比关联词additionwords.附加关联词第5页Timesequencewordsfirst(ly)

首先;second(ly)其次;third(ly)第三nowintheend;atlast最终suchas:showtheorderofideasoractions.第6页Causeandeffectwords.since，as，because(of)，因为foronething一则，（foranother）asaresult，结果，结果是thus，so，Showtheresults:Showthereasons:showthereasonsorresultsofdoingsomething第7页Contrastingwordshowever，but然而，不过onthecontrary正相反incontrast与此相反，反之introduceanideathatisincontrasttotheideamentionedbefore.suchas:第8页

Additionwordsinaddition另外，另外and和aswellas也，而且similarly一样地，besides，furthermore另外，而且introduceadditionalinformationsuchas:第9页Educationisveryimportant,particularlyinthevariouswaysitbenefitsyoungpeople.Firstofall,itteachesthemandhelpsthembetterunderstandtheworld.Secondly,educationteachespeopleaboutthehistoryandcultureoftheircountry.Inthisway,youngpeoplelearnaboutthepastandareabletoappreciatetheirnationalliteratureandart.Thirdly,educationhelpsdeveloppeople’spersonalities.Througheducation,youngpeoplelearntorespectandtolerateothersandwillbecomemorefriendly,cooperativeandhelpful.Lastly,educationpreparesyoungpeopleforthefuture.Apartfromacademicknowledge,theywillalsolearntheskillstheyneedfortheirfuturecareers.Educationisveryimportant,particularlyinthevariouswaysitbenefitsyoungpeople.Firstofall,itteachesthemandhelpsthembetterunderstandtheworld.Secondly,educationteachespeopleaboutthehistoryandcultureoftheircountry.Inthisway,youngpeoplelearnaboutthepastandareabletoappreciatetheirnationalliteratureandart.Thirdly,educationhelpsdeveloppeople’spersonalities.Througheducation,youngpeoplelearntorespectandtolerateothersandwillbecomemorefriendly,cooperativeandhelpful.Lastly,educationpreparesyoungpeopleforthefuture.Apartfromacademicknowledge,theywillalsolearntheskillstheyneedfortheirfuturecareers.第10页Typesoflinkingwords1.Povertyisstillkillingpeople.However,thesesmallvictoriesareagoodstarttowardsabetterfuture.2.Theprogramhasseveralaims:firstly,tohelpunemployedpeoplefindwork;secondly,toteachnewmothersaboutnutrition;andthirdly,tohelpyoungpeopledevelopproblemsolvingskills.3.Thesepeoplewillbegivenachancetohelpthemselvesinsteadofbeingdependentonotherpeople.Asaresult,theywillenjoyahigherstandardofliving.ContrastingwordsTimesequencewordsCauseandeffectwords第11页4.Ourorganizationisworkingtoraisemoneyforthelocalhomelessshelters.Furthermore,wearecollectingclothingtogivetothoseinneed.5.Manypeoplebelievethathungerisonlyaprobleminthedevelopingworld.Onthecontrary,itisaproblemallovertheworld.6.Geldofintendedtheconcerttoraisemoneyforandpublicawarenessofthefamine.Intheend,$100millionwasraised.AdditionwordsContrastingwordsTimesequencewords第12页7.Forexample,thediseasemalaria,whichisspreadbymosquitoes,killsoveronemillionchildrenyearly.Ontopofthis,accordingtotheUnitedNations,hungerandmalnutritionclaimtenmillionliveseachyear.8.Reporter:Whydidyouorganizetheconcert?Bob:Well,foronething,Iwantedtoraisemoneyforthehungrypeople.Also,Iwantedtoraisepublicawarenessofpovertyandfamine.ContrastingwordsCauseandeffectwords第13页GroupworkmoreexampleoflinkingwordsTimesequencewords:

Finally最终then然后next其次，接下来tobeginwith;

firstofall;inthefirstplace首先，起初aboveall首先，尤其是lastbutnottheleast最终一点，也是非常主要一点

firstandmostimportant首先也是最主要一点是第14页Causeandeffectswords:

because；since；as；因为nowthat既然，因为forthisreason因为这个原因dueto；thanksto；becauseof；owingto因为，因为

sothat所以inorderthat为了，方便于asaresult；asaconsequence结果thus；hence；so；therefore；accordingly所以

第15页Contrastingwords:

while,yet，whereas然而ontheotherhand另首先instead反而bycontrast相比之下，与之相比differentfrom，unlike和···不一样otherwise另外，在其它方面incontrast与此相反第16页Additionwords:

also；too；aswellas也，而且，和···一样what’smore而且besides；inaddition另外，而且，另外Furthermore另外，而且,Moreover而且，另外additionally

另外，加之第17页Fillintheblankusingproperlinkingwords.

1.Youshouldbefullypreparedbeforegoingwalkinginthemountain.____________,bringplentyofdrinkingwaterwithyou.

2.Icannotthankmyfriendsenoughforwhattheyhavedoneforme.__________________,theylentmemoneytobuymyfirsthouse;_________________,theyhelpedmefindagoodjob.

3.Jillhasnochanceofwinningthenextmatch.Theotherplayersaremuchbetterthanher.______________,sheisill.AboveallForonethingForanotherthingFurthermore第18页1.I

have

got

no

interest

in

it;

____,

I

have

lots

of

work

to

do.

A.

otherwise

B.

besides

C.

however

D.

therefore

2.Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,but________IenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.

A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhand

C.foronethingD.asamatteroffact

Multiplechoice:第19页3.-DoyouthinkIshouldgetagoodguidebook?-Yes,ofcourse._____,youalsoneedagoodcameraandcomfortableshoes.A.What’smoreB.InotherwordsC.BythewayD.Allinall4.I’dliketobuyahouse–modern,comfortable,and___inaquietneighbor-hood.A.inallB.aboveallC.afterallD.atall第20页5.Hecamehomeaftermidnight,and_______,hewasdrunk..Thatmadehisparentsveryangry.A.WhatismoreB.OntheotherhandC.InmyopinionD.Inanotherword6.ThisEnglishmanisgoodatwriting,readingand＿＿＿＿＿iskindtoothers.A.aboveallB.firstofallC.inallD.afterall第21页7.---I’dliketogohomenow.---Whynotstayhereforthenight?Itissolatenow.________,itisrainingsohard.A.BesidesB.ThereforeC.InsteadD.Asaresult8.Ican’ttellyoutheexacttimewhenIwillgetthere,______,I’llbethereasearlyasIcan.A.NomatterB.AnyhowC.ThereforeD.Besides第22页IntroductionofotherlinkingwordsConclusion:inconclusion;toconclude;onthewhole;tosumup;inone/aword;inshort;inbrief;insummaryGiveanexample:forexample;forinstance;suchas;take…forexample;inthis/thatcaseShowdifferencesorsimilarities:likewise;yet;despite;inspiteof;inthesameway;inthesamemanner;equally第23页1．然而，这种教学方法也有一些问题。

______,thereare_____someproblemswiththisteachingmethod.

2．所以，我更喜欢我老师用英语和汉语来教学。

_______,IprefermyteachertoteachusinbothEnglishandChinese.HoweveralsoThereforeCompletethesentences.第24页3.任何东西都不可浪费，尤其不可浪费时间。

Neverwasteanything,and________neverwastetime.4.我之所以喜欢他，有三个理由：首先，他很老实；其次，他很善良；第三，他很英俊。

TherearethreereasonswhyIlikehim:____he’shonest,________he’skind,________he’shandsome.5.一来我们买不起，二来这东西也难看。

_______________wecan’tafforditand__________it’sugly.second(ly)aboveallfirst(ly)third(ly)Foronethingforanother第25页6.我没有病；恰恰相反，我健康极了。

I’mnotsick;_____________,I’minthepeakofhealth.7.我想去参加聚会，但从另首先来说，我应该留下来。

Iwanttogototheparty,but________________Ioughttobestudying.8．总之，形势很严峻。

______________/_________thesituationisserious.onthecontraryOntheotherhandInawordInshort/Inbrief第26页ConclusionLinkingwords起着承上启下作用，是语义关系过渡桥梁。有效、适当地使用语句间连接成份，可使全文结构紧凑，层次清楚，过渡自然。防止过分堆积，不然将适得其反。第27页怎样学好英语大声朗诵轻易记住;形成用英语思索习惯天天收听英语广播;用英语和他人交谈听力和口语进步快坚持用英语写日志写作能力不停提升下面是玛丽学习英语情况，请用英语介绍表中所列情况。（5个句子表示全部内容）第28页1.I’dliketotellyouhowMarylearns

English.2.Sheoftenreadsaloud,whichhelpshertorememberthemeasilyandformagoodhab