人教版英语九年级被动语态知识重点讲与练

人教版英语九年级被动语态知识重点讲与练动词的语态一:概念:动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。分类主动语态：表主语是谓语动作的执行者被动语态：表主语是谓语动作的承受者。Wesweptthefloor．我们打扫了地板。（主动语态）Thefloorwasswept.地板被打扫了。（被动语态）Hewrotealetter.他写了一封信。（主动语态）Theletterwaswrittenbyhim.这封信是他写的。（被动语态）Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy.玻璃杯被那个男孩打破了。（被动语态）Allkindsofbikesaresoldinthatshop.各种各样的自行车在那个商店出售。（被动语态）二:结构1.被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，通过助动词be的变化来体现，助动词be必须与主语的人称和数相一致，其变化规则与系动词be完全一样。

时态主动被动一般现在时主语+实意动词Am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时主语+was/wereWas/were+过去分词一般将来时主语+will+beWill/shall+be+过去分词现在进行时主语+am/is/are+动词ingAm/is/are+being+过去分词过去进行时主语+was/were+动词ingWas/were+being+过去分词现在完成时主语+have/has+过去分词Have/has+been+过去分词过去完成时主语+had+过去分词Had+been+过去分词过去将来时主语+should/would+动原Should/would+be+done情态动词情态动词+动原情态动词+be+过去分词动词不定式1一般式（not）Todo（not）Tobedone2完成式

（not）Tohavedone（not）Tohavebeendone主动：Peoplebelievedthathewaskilled被动：Heisbelieved

tohavebeenkilled

/ItisbelievedthathewaskilledShewantedthelettertobetypedatonce2.变否定句：在助动词be/have后+not三:用法:1.当句子强调动作的承受者时要使用被动语态。Thisletterwaswrittenbyme.这封信是由我写的。(强调动作承受者thisletter)2.当不知道都动作的出发者，只强调基既成的事实时，也要有被动语态。Thiswindowisclosed.窗户被关上了。（不知道动作的发出者是谁，也没有必要知道）3.表达“据说；据报道；被认为”时，要用被动语态。Itissaidthathewasadoctorbefore据说以前他是个医生。四:主动变被动步骤1.主动语态变被动语态的步骤如下：(1)主动变被动时，将主动的宾语变为被动语态的主语。如果原句宾语为代词，其宾格形式要变为主格形式。(2)把主动语态的动词变为被动结构：即be+过去分词形式。(3)当需要强调主动语态的主语时，变被动语态需要加介词by，如：例1：

Peopleuseradiosforlisteningtothenews.

变被动语态时需要把宾语radios变成主语Radiosareusedforlisteningtothenews.例2：Weaskedhimtosingasong.变被动语态时需要把宾格的him变成主格形式HeHewasaskedtosingasong.例3：Hewroteareport。

被动：

Areportwaswrittenbyhim.变被动语态如果需要强调是他所写的则必须+by谁谁谁注：当主动语态是动词短语（动词+介/副词）时，动词短语需看成一个整体“动词+介词／副词”构成的短语动词变成被动语态时，要当作整体，介/副词看作整体不可拆分不可省略Thepatientisbeingoperatedon.（on不可省略）

病人正在动手术。Hisrequestwasturneddown.（down不可省略）

Hewaslookeduptobyeveryone.（up和to不可省略拆分）人所敬仰这类短语动词常见的有：getoutof，lookoutof，getonwith,getalongwith,catchupwith,keepup

with等。主动句：Youmustpayattentiontoyourpronunciation．被动句：Yourpronunciationmustbepaidattentionto，Attentionmustbepaidtoyourpronunciation.这类短语动词常见的还有：catchsightof，makeuseof,makefunof,makefriendswith.setfireto,takecareof,takeholdof,takepartin,takenoticeof,keepaneyeon等。注：感官动词hear

see

notice

lookat

listento

feel

watch等使役动词make

have

let

help等在主动语态中用省略to的不定式作补语，变成被动语态时则要把省略的to加上。SomeonesawJackentertheteacher'soffice.=Jackwasseentoentertheteacher'soffice.Hemademestudyhard=Iwasmade

to

studyhard五:主动结构表被动意义有些结构是主动语态的形式，但表示被动的意义。常见的几种情况有：1.某些系动词feel

look

seem

appear

taste

sound

smell

prove

remain用主动结构形式表示被动意义.正：Thematerialfeelsverysoft.这种料子摸起来很柔软。误：Thematerialisfeltverysoft正：Themusicsoundsbeautiful.这音乐听起来很美妙。误：Themusicissoundedbeautiful2.在表示“需要”的need

want

require

deserve等后接doing时。Thefloorneedssweeping.=thefloorneedstobesweptThehousewantsrepairing.=thehousewantstoberepaired

注：在beworthdoing“值得做某事”句子的主语是doing的逻辑宾语，但doing仍然使用主动形式。Thefilmiswellworthwatching.这部电影很值得看。六：主动变被动易错点1、带双宾语的句子（主+谓+间宾+直宾）变被动语态时有两种情况需要注意

1.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，但变间接宾语为主语的情况较多。主动：Tomgavemeapresentonmybirthday.被动：IwasgivenapresentbyTomonmybirthday.Apresentwasgiven

to

meonmybirthdaybyTom.注意：把直接宾语（指物）改为主语，则在间接宾语（指人）前加适当的介词：表示“给了谁”通常在间接宾语前用介词to表示“为了谁”一般在间接宾语前用介词for，此时for不可省略。主动：

Mothermakemeanewskirt.被动：

Anewskirtwasmadeforme./Iwasmadeanewskirt主动：Shelentme

a

coat.被动：

A

coatwaslenttome．/Iwaslentacoatbyher这种情况需要注意，并无绝对的规则如：主动：Wecalledhimanass.我们叫他傻瓜。不说：Anasswascalledhim.可说：Hewascalledanass.2、带有形式宾语it的句子也可变为被动句，在被动句中则做形式主语主动：

Weconsideritwrongtoshoutatchildrenwhomakemistakes.我们认为对犯错误的孩子大喊大叫是不对的。被动：Itisconsideredwrongtoshoutatchildrenwhomakemistakes.3、当主语句的主语是nobody，noone等含否定意义的不定代词时，换被动句将其变成anybody并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。主动：Nobodycanliftthisstone.谁也拿不起这块石头。不说：Thisstonecanbeliftedbynobody.可说：Thisstonecannotbeliftedbyanybody主动句中如果有带no的否定句，被动句需要用no

neither或never等替换主动：Nooneseeshimgointotheroom被动：Heis

not

seentogointotheroom主动：Noone

haseverbeatenherattennis.网球比赛，没人打的过她。被动：Shehasneverbeenbeatenattennis.专题15

被动语态100题1．（2022·山东滨州·中考真题）The24thWinterOlympics________inBeijingandZhangjiakouin2022,fromFebruary4thto20th.A．held

B．washeld

C．willbeheld

D．hasbeenheld2．（2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）It’ssaidthattea_________forthefirsttimeabout5,000yearsago.A．drinks

B．drank

C．isdrunk

D．wasdrunk3．（2022·广西河池·中考真题）Somenewschools________inourcitynextyear.A．arebuilt

B．werebuilt

C．willbuild

D．willbebuilt4．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）Aspeechonrobots________intheschoolhallnextFridayafternoon.A．isgiven

B．willbegivenC．wasgiven

D．hasbeengiven5．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）It’salongtime!Ican’trememberwhenthispicture_______inJinshanPark.A．wastaken

B．takes

C．istaken

D．took6．（2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）It’ssaidthattea__________byaccidentaboutfivethousandyearsago.A．wasinvented

B．isinvented

C．willbeinvented

D．wereinvented7．（2022·广西·中考真题）Chinese_________bymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.A．speak

B．speaks

C．isspeaking

D．isspoken8．（2022·北京·中考真题）Onourfarm,thetealeaves________byhandwhentheyareready.A．pick

B．picked

C．arepicked

D．werepicked9．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）I________byaliensonmywayhometheotherday.Doyoubelieveme?A．haveattacked

B．wasattacked

C．wasattacking

D．amattacked10．（2022·辽宁辽宁·中考真题）Fivemoreclubs________nextweektomakeourschoolliferichandcolorful.A．setup

B．aresetup

C．willbesetup

D．weresetup11．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）Nowteenagers________todovolunteeringworkfortheirlocalcommunities.A．areencouraged

B．areencouraging

C．haveencouraged12．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）The19thAsianGames______inthecityofHangzhouthisautumn.Wecanwatchsomegamespopularwiththeyoungsuchasbreakdancingand3-on-3basketball.A．willhold

B．areheld

C．willbeheld13．（2022·黑龙江·二模）Sweepingrobots________moreandmorewidelytoday.Whynotbuyone?A．use

B．areusing

C．areused14．（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·一模）—Ihaveneverseenthisnewkindof5Gmobilephone?—It________byHuaweiseveralmonthsago.A．invented

B．isinvented

C．wasinvented15．（2022·海南·二模）ThefirstWorldEarthDay________toeducateustoprotectourplanetin1970.A．iscelebrated

B．wascelebrated

C．celebrated16．（2022·吉林四平·一模）Chinese________widelyallovert