2021年英语专业八级考试备考资料

2021年英语专业八级考试备考资料一、听力部分（一）Mini-lecture1.题目示例-原文：Inmodernsociety,theconceptoftimehasundergonesignificantchanges.Timeisnolongerjustanaturalphenomenonbuthasbecomeasocialconstruct.Forexample,intheindustrialera,timewasstrictlyregulated.Factorieshadfixedworkinghours,andpeople'sdailyliveswerestructuredaroundtheseschedules.Thisshiftfromamoreflexible,naturaltimeperceptiontoarigid,socially-constructedtimeframeworkhashadfar-reachingimpactsonourlives.-题目：Theconceptoftimehaschangedfromanaturalphenomenontoa____________construct.-答案：social-解析：根据原文“Timeisnolongerjustanaturalphenomenonbuthasbecomeasocialconstruct”可直接得出答案。2.练习题目-原文：Inacademicwriting,clarityisofutmostimportance.Itinvolvespresentingideasinalogicalandstraightforwardmanner.Onewaytoachieveclarityisbyusingsimpleandpreciselanguage.Avoidingjargonandcomplexsentencestructurescanmakeyourwritingmoreaccessibletothereaders.-题目：Inacademicwriting,____________iscrucialandcanbeachievedbyusingsimpleandpreciselanguage.-答案：clarity-解析：原文明确提到“Inacademicwriting,clarityisofutmostimportance”以及后续关于如何实现clarity的内容。-原文：Culturaldiversityenrichesourworldinmanyways.Itallowsfortheexchangeofdifferentideas,values,andtraditions.Throughculturaldiversity,wecanlearnfromeachotheranddevelopamoreinclusiveandunderstandingsociety.However,italsopresentschallenges,suchasculturalmisunderstandingsandconflicts.-题目：Culturaldiversityenrichestheworldbutalsobringschallengeslikecultural____________andconflicts.-答案：misunderstandings-解析：从原文“However,italsopresentschallenges,suchasculturalmisunderstandingsandconflicts”可找到答案。-原文：Thedevelopmentoftechnologyhastransformedthewaywecommunicate.Socialmediaplatformshavemadeitpossibleforpeopletoconnectwithothersaroundtheworldinstantly.Butatthesametime,ithasalsoledtoadecreaseinface-to-facecommunication.-题目：Technologydevelopmenthaschangedcommunication.Socialmediaenablesinstantglobalconnectionbutcausesadeclinein____________communication.-答案：face-to-face-解析：依据原文“ithasalsoledtoadecreaseinface-to-facecommunication”得出答案。-原文：Inthefieldofenvironmentalprotection,sustainabledevelopmentisakeyconcept.Itaimstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisrequiresabalancebetweeneconomicdevelopment,socialwell-being,andenvironmentalprotection.-题目：Sustainabledevelopmentinenvironmentalprotectionaimstomeetpresentneedswithoutharmingtheabilityof____________generationstomeettheirneeds.-答案：future-解析：由原文“Itaimstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds”可知答案。（二）Interview/Conversation1.题目示例-对话：-A:I'mreallyinterestedintraveling.I'vebeentoseveralcountriesinEurope.-B:That'sgreat!Whichonedidyoulikethemost?-A:IthinkItalywasthemostimpressive.Thearchitecture,thefood,andthepeoplethereareallamazing.-题目：Thespeakerlikes____________themostamongtheEuropeancountrieshehasvisited.-答案：Italy-解析：根据对话中“A:IthinkItalywasthemostimpressive”可得出答案。2.练习题目-对话：-A:I'mthinkingaboutchangingmyjob.Thecurrentoneistoostressful.-B:Whatkindofjobareyoulookingfor?-A:I'dlikeajobwithmoreflexibleworkinghoursandlesspressure.Maybesomethingrelatedtomarketing.-题目：Thespeakerwantstochangehisjobbecausethecurrentoneistoo____________.-答案：stressful-解析：从对话“A:I'mthinkingaboutchangingmyjob.Thecurrentoneistoostressful”可知原因。-对话：-A:Haveyouseenthenewmovie?-B:Yes,Ihave.It'sascience-fictionmovie.Thespecialeffectsarereallyamazing,buttheplotisabitweak.-题目：Thespeakerthinksthenewscience-fictionmoviehasamazingspecialeffectsbuta____________plot.-答案：weak-解析：依据对话“B:Yes,Ihave.It'sascience-fictionmovie.Thespecialeffectsarereallyamazing,buttheplotisabitweak”得出答案。-对话：-A:Howdoyouusuallygotowork?-B:Iusedtotakethebus,butnowIrideabike.It'smoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandgoodformyhealth.-题目：Thespeakernowgoestoworkby____________.-答案：bike-解析：根据对话“B:Iusedtotakethebus,butnowIrideabike”可知现在的通勤方式。-对话：-A:Areyougoingtothepartytonight?-B:I'mnotsure.Ihavealotofworktodo.IfIfinishitearly,I'llgo.-题目：Thespeakerwillgotothepartytonightifhe____________hisworkearly.-答案：finishes-解析：从对话“B:I'mnotsure.Ihavealotofworktodo.IfIfinishitearly,I'llgo”可得出条件。-对话：-A:Whatdoyouthinkofthenewrestaurantintown?-B:Theserviceisexcellent,butthepricesareabithigh.-题目：Thespeakerthinksthenewrestauranthasexcellentservicebut____________prices.-答案：high-解析：根据对话“B:Theserviceisexcellent,butthepricesareabithigh”得出答案。二、阅读理解部分（一）选择题1.题目示例-文章：Therapidgrowthofcitieshasledtomanyproblems.Oneofthemostpressingissuesistheshortageofhousing.Asmoreandmorepeoplemovetocities,thedemandforhousingfarexceedsthesupply.Thishasresultedinsky-highhousingpricesandovercrowdedlivingconditionsinmanyurbanareas.-题目：Whatisoneofthemainproblemscausedbytherapidgrowthofcities?-A.Lackoftransportation-B.Shortageofhousing-C.Highunemploymentrate-D.Pollution-答案：B-解析：文章明确提到“Oneofthemostpressingissuesistheshortageofhousing”，所以选B。2.练习题目-文章：TheInternethasrevolutionizedthewayweaccessinformation.Inthepast,peoplehadtorelyonlibrariesandnewspaperstogetknowledge.Now,withjustafewclicks,wecanfindalmostanyinformationweneed.However,thevastamountofinformationontheInternetalsomakesitdifficulttodistinguishbetweenreliableandunreliablesources.-题目：WhatproblemdoestheInternetbringaccordingtothepassage?-A.Itmakespeoplelazy.-B.Itishardtotellreliableinformationfromunreliableones.-C.Itreducestheuseoflibraries.-D.Itcausesinformationoverload.-答案：B-解析：从文章“However,thevastamountofinformationontheInternetalsomakesitdifficulttodistinguishbetweenreliableandunreliablesources”可知答案为B。-文章：Intheanimalkingdom,somespeciesareknownfortheirlong-distancemigrations.Forexample,monarchbutterfliestravelthousandsofmileseveryyeartoreachtheirwinteringgrounds.Thisamazingjourneyisaresultoftheirgeneticprogrammingandenvironmentalcues.-题目：Whydomonarchbutterfliestravellongdistanceseveryyear?-A.Tofindmorefood-B.Duetogeneticprogrammingandenvironmentalcues-C.Toescapepredators-D.Tofindabetterclimate-答案：B-解析：根据文章“Thisamazingjourneyisaresultoftheirgeneticprogrammingandenvironmentalcues”可知选B。-文章：Artificialintelligence(AI)isbeingincreasinglyusedinvariousfields.Inhealthcare,AIcanhelpdoctorsdiagnosediseasesmoreaccurately.Infinance,itcananalyzemarkettrendsandmakeinvestmentdecisions.However,therearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialnegativeimpactsofAI,suchasjobdisplacement.-题目：Whatisoneoftheconcernsaboutartificialintelligence?-A.Itistooexpensivetodevelop.-B.Itmayreplacehumanjobs.-C.Ithaslimitedapplications.-D.Itisnotaccurateenough.-答案：B-解析：从文章“However,therearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialnegativeimpactsofAI,suchasjobdisplacement”可知答案是B。-文章：Educationisthekeytoacountry'sdevelopment.Awell-educatedpopulationcandriveeconomicgrowth,improvesocialwelfare,andpromoteinnovation.Therefore,governmentsaroundtheworldshouldinvestmoreineducation.-题目：Whatshouldgovernmentsdoaccordingtothepassage?-A.Cutdownoneducationinvestment.-B.Focusoneconomicdevelopmentonly.-C.Investmoreineducation.-D.Promotesocialwelfarewithouteducation.-答案：C-解析：依据文章“Therefore,governmentsaroundtheworldshouldinvestmoreineducation”可知选C。-文章：Thefashionindustryisconstantlyevolving.Newtrendsemergeeveryseason,andconsumersarealwayslookingforthelateststyles.However,thisalsoleadstoalotofwasteasoldclothesarequicklydiscarded.Sustainablefashionisanattempttoaddressthisissuebypromotingtheuseofeco-friendlymaterialsandreducingwaste.-题目：Whatisthepurposeofsustainablefashion?-A.Tocreatemorefashiontrends.-B.Toreducewasteinthefashionindustry.-C.Tomakeclothesmoreexpensive.-D.Toattractmoreconsumers.-答案：B-解析：从文章“Sustainablefashionisanattempttoaddressthisissuebypromotingtheuseofeco-friendlymaterialsandreducingwaste”可知目的是减少时尚产业的浪费，选B。（二）简答题1.题目示例-文章：Tourismhasbothpositiveandnegativeimpactsonlocalcommunities.Onthepositiveside,itcanbringeconomicbenefits,suchascreatingjobsandgeneratingincome.Onthenegativeside,itcancauseenvironmentaldamageandculturalconflicts.-题目：Whatarethepositiveimpactsoftourismonlocalcommunities?-答案：Itcanbringeconomicbenefits,suchascreatingjobsandgeneratingincome.-解析：直接从文章“Onthepositiveside,itcanbringeconomicbenefits,suchascreatingjobsandgeneratingincome”提取答案。2.练习题目-文章：Socialmediahaschangedthewayweinteractwitheachother.Itallowsustoconnectwithpeoplefromallovertheworldeasily.Butitalsohassomedrawbacks.Forexample,itcanleadtoaddictionandadecreaseinreal-lifesocialskills.-题目：Whatarethedrawbacksofsocialmedia?-答案：Itcanleadtoaddictionandadecreaseinreal-lifesocialskills.-解析：根据文章“Butitalsohassomedrawbacks.Forexample,itcanleadtoaddictionandadecreaseinreal-lifesocialskills”得出答案。-文章：Thedevelopmentofrenewableenergysourcesiscrucialforasustainablefuture.Solarenergy,windenergy,andhydroelectricpowerareallexamplesofrenewableenergy.Theyareclean,abundant,anddonotproducegreenhousegasemissions.-题目：Whyisthedevelopmentofrenewableenergysourcesimportant?-答案：Itiscrucialforasustainablefuture.Theyareclean,abundant,anddonotproducegreenhousegasemissions.-解析：从文章“Thedevelopmentofrenewableenergysourcesiscrucialforasustainablefuture”以及“Theyareclean,abundant,anddonotproducegreenhousegasemissions”总结得出答案。-文章：Inthefieldofliterature,classicworksoftenhaveaprofoundinfluenceonmodernliterature.Theyprovidethemes,characters,andnarrativetechniquesthatarestillrelevanttoday.Forexample,Shakespeare'splaysareconstantlyadaptedandreinterpreted.-题目：Whydoclassicworksinliteraturehaveaninfluenceonmodernliterature?-答案：Theyprovidethemes,characters,andnarrativetechniquesthatarestillrelevanttoday.-解析：依据文章“Theyprovidethemes,characters,andnarrativetechniquesthatarestillrelevanttoday”可得到答案。-文章：Theimportanceofphysicalexercisecannotbeoverstated.Ithelpstokeepourbodieshealthy,improveourmentalhealth,andincreaseourenergylevels.Regularexercisecanalsoreducetheriskofmanydiseases.-题目：Whatarethebenefitsofphysicalexercise?-答案：Ithelpstokeepourbodieshealthy,improveourmentalhealth,increaseourenergylevels,andreducetheriskofmanydiseases.-解析：从文章中提取相关内容总结得出答案。-文章：Globalizationhasbroughtmanychangestotheworld.Ithaspromotedinternationaltradeandculturalexchange.However,ithasalsoledtosomeproblems,suchasthelossoflocalculturesandeconomicinequalitybetweencountries.-题目：Whatproblemshasglobalizationbrought?-答案：Ithasledtothelossoflocalculturesandeconomicinequalitybetweencountries.-解析：根据文章“However,ithasalsoledtosomeproblems,suchasthelossoflocalculturesandeconomicinequalitybetweencountries”得出答案。三、语言知识部分（一）词汇题1.题目示例-题目：The____________ofthenewpolicywillhaveasignificantimpactontheeconomy.-A.implementation-B.implication-C.illustration-D.illusion-答案：A-解析：“implementation”意为“实施，执行”，“implication”是“含义，暗示”，“illustration”是“说明，插图”，“illusion”是“幻觉”。“实施新政策”用“implementation”合适，所以选A。2.练习题目-题目：Thecompanyisfacingaserious____________crisisduetothedeclineinsales.-A.financial-B.physical-C.emotional-D.historical-答案：A-解析：“financial”表示“金融的，财务的”，“physical”是“身体的，物理的”，“emotional”是“情感的”，“historical”是“历史的”。销售下降导致的应该是财务危机，选A。-题目：Theprofessorgaveavery____________lectureonthetopicofartificialintelligence.-A.informative-B.formative-C.transformative-D.reformative-答案：A-解析：“informative”意为“信息丰富的，有见识的”，“formative”是“形成的，发展的”，“transformative”是“有变革性的”，“reformative”是“改革的”。讲座应该是信息丰富的，选A。-题目：Theyoungwriter'sworkshowsgreat____________.Heislikelytobecomeafamousauthorinthefuture.-A.potential-B.patience-C.preference-D.presence-答案：A-解析：“potential”表示“潜力”，“patience”是“耐心”，“preference”是“偏爱”，“presence”是“存在，出席”。根据语境，年轻作家作品显示出很大潜力，选A。-题目：Theoldbuildinghasalotof____________valuebecauseitwasbuiltinthe19thcentury.-A.historical-B.chemical-C.musical-D.electrical-答案：A-解析：“historical”意为“历史的”，“chemical”是“化学的”，“musical”是“音乐的”，“electrical”是“电气的”。19世纪建造的建筑有历史价值，选A。-题目：Theathlete's____________performanceinthecompetitionwonhimagoldmedal.-A.outstanding-B.ordinary-C.obedient-D.obvious-答案：A-解析：“outstanding”表示“杰出的，优秀的”，“ordinary”是“普通的”，“obedient”是“顺从的”，“obvious”是“明显的”。赢得金牌说明表现杰出，选A。（二）语法题1.题目示例-题目：Itisessentialthathe____________thereontime.-A.be-B.is-C.willbe-D.wouldbe-答案：A-解析：在“Itisessential/important/necessary等+that从句”结构中，从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可省略，所以选A。2.练习题目-题目：Themanagerdemandedthatthereport____________immediately.-A.besubmitted-B.wassubmitted-C.wouldbesubmitted-D.hadbeensubmitted-答案：A-解析：“demand”后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，“should+动词原形”，should可省略，“报告被提交”用“besubmitted”，选A。-题目：____________inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.-A.Havinglost-B.Lost-C.Beinglost-D.Losing-答案：B-解析：“belostin”表示“迷路”，这里用过去分词“lost”作状语，表状态，选B。-题目：Notuntilhearrivedhome____________hefindthathiswalletwasmissing.-A.did-B.would-C.had-D.should-答案：A-解析：“Notuntil”位于句首，句子要部分倒装，根据“arrived”可知是一般过去时，用“did”，选A。-题目：Thebook,____________isverypopularamongstudents,waswrittenbyafamousauthor.-A.which-B.that-C.what-D.who-答案：A-解析：这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词是“thebook”，用“which”引导，选A。-题目：Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho____________passedtheexam.-A.has-B.have-C.had-D.having-答案：A-解析：“theonlyoneof+复数名词+定语从句”中，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式，根据语境用现在完成时“haspassed”，选A。四、写作部分（一）观点类作文1.题目示例题目：Somepeoplethinkthattechnologyhasmadeourlivesmoreconvenient,whileothersbelieveithasmadeourlivesmorecomplicated.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.范文Inmodernsociety,theroleoftechnologyinourliveshasbecomeahighlydebatedtopic.Someindividualsarguethattechnologyhasbroughtaboutgreaterconvenience,whileotherscontendthatithasmadeourlivesmorecomplex.Ononehand,thereisnodenyingthattechnologyhasrevolutionizedourlivesandmadethemmoreconvenient.Theinventionofsmartphones,forexample,hasconnectedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Wecancommunicatewithfriendsandfamilyinstantly,regardlessofgeographicaldistances.E-commerceplatformshavealsomadeshoppingabreeze.Withjustafewclicks,wecanpurchaseawiderangeofproductsandhavethemdeliveredtoourdoorstep.Moreover,technologicaladvancementsintransportation,suchashigh-speedtrainsandairplanes,havemadetravelingfasterandmorecomfortable.Ontheotherhand,technologyhasintroducednewcomplexitiesintoourlives.Theconstantbombardmentofinformationthroughsocialmediaandtheinternetcanbeoverwhelming.Weareoftendistractedbynotificationsandfeelpressuredtokeepupwiththelatesttrends.Additionally,theover-relianceontechnologyhasledtoadecreaseinface-to-facecommunication.Peoplemayfinditdifficulttobuildreal-liferelationships.Furthermore,astechnologyevolves,thereareconcernsaboutprivacyandsecurity.Hackerscanaccessourpersonalinformation,whichposesasignificantthreattoourwell-being.Inmyopinion,whiletechnologyhasitsdrawbacks,thebenefitsitbringsfaroutweightheproblems.Technologyhasthepotentialtosolvemanyglobalissues,suchaspovertyandenvironmentalproblems.Weshouldembracetechnologyanduseitinaresponsiblewaytomakeourlivesbetter.2.练习题目题目：Somepeoplethinkthatuniversitiesshouldfocusontheoreticalknowledge,whileothersbelievethatpracticalskillsshouldbeemphasized.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.范文Thequestionofwhetheruniversitiesshouldprioritizetheoreticalknowledgeorpracticalskillshasbeenamatterofgreatconcern.Differentpeopleholddifferentviewsonthisissue.Thosewhoadvocateforthefocusontheoreticalknowledgearguethatitformsthefoundationofallacademicdisciplines.Theoreticalknowledgeprovidesstudentswithadeepunderstandingoftheprinciplesandconceptsintheirfieldsofstudy.Ithelpsthemdevelopcriticalthinkingandanalyticalskills.Forexample,inthefieldofphysics,theoreticalknowledgeallowsstudentstounderstandthefundamentallawsofnature,whichisessentialforfurtherresearchandinnovation.Moreover,theoreticalknowledgeequipsstudentswiththeabilitytoadapttonewsituationsandsolvecomplexproblemsinthelongrun.Ontheotherhand,proponentsofemphasizingpracticalskillsbelievethatintoday'scompetitivejobmarket,practicalskillsarecrucialforstudents'futuresuccess.Practicalskillsenablestudentstoapplywhattheyhavelearnedinreal-worldscenarios.Forinstance,infieldslikeengineeringandbusiness,hands-onexperienceishighlyvaluedbyemployers.Byacquiringpracticalskillsduringtheiruniversityyears,studentscangainacompetitiveedgeandbemorereadilyemployableaftergraduation.Inmyview,universitiesshouldstrikeabalancebetweentheoreticalknowledgeandpracticalskills.Theoreticalknowledgeprovidesthenecessaryframework,whilepracticalskillshelpstudentstranslatethatknowledgeintoreal-worldapplications.Awell-roundededucationthatcombinesbothaspectswillbetterpreparestudentsfortheirfuturecareersandpersonaldevelopment.（二）现象类作文1.题目示例题目：Describethephenomenonoftheincreasingpopularityofonlinecoursesandanalyzeitscausesandeffects.范文Inrecentyears,onlinecourseshavewitnessedaremarkablesurgeinpopularity.Thisphenomenonhasattractedwidespreadattentionandhashadaprofoundimpactonthefieldofeducation.Thereareseveralreasonsfortheincreasingpopularityofonlinecourses.Firstly,technologyhasmadeitpossibleforpeopletoaccesseducationalresourceseasily.Withthedevelopmentoftheinternetanddigitaldevices,studentscantakecoursesfromanywhereatanytime.Secondly,onlinecoursesofferawidevarietyofsubjectsandcourses.Studentscanchoosethecoursesthatsuittheirinterestsandneeds,whichisoftennotpossibleintraditionalclassrooms.Thirdly,onlinecoursesareusuallymorecost-effective.Theyeliminatetheneedforcommutingandexpensivetextbooks,makingeducationmoreaccessibletoalargernumberofpeople.Theeffectsofthepopularityofonlinecoursesarealsosignificant.Onthepositiveside,ithasexpandededucationalopportunities.Peoplewhowerepreviouslyunabletoattendtraditionalschools,suchasworkingadultsandthoseinremoteareas,cannowreceiveaneducation.Ithasalsopromotedself-learningandindependentthinkingasstudentshavetomanagetheirownstudytimeandpace.However,therearealsosomenegativeeffects