2025年北京东城区高三一模英语试题及答案

2025北京东城高三一模英语本试卷共页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Rebeccaremembersthefirsttimesheupsetbythesightofhundredsofroses.Itwasafteraweddingreceptionlastyearasshecleaninguptheroom.“Nobodyhad1forwhatdowithalloftheflowersafterthewedding.collectedasmanyaswecouldinourcars,thereweremanyleftWhenwewerethrowingalltheserosesintotrashbags,Ifelt2aboutthewaste,”saidRebecca.LatelastRebeccaandherfriendLauraRuthbothweremourning(悼念)theirfatherswhentheybegantalkingabouttheflowersthattheyreceived.Theflowerswerea3,butmadethemthinkaboutthenationwideproblemoffloralwaste.Then,theystartedanonprofit,FriendlyCityFlorals,toreuseflowers4fromweddingsandfloralshopsinthearea.putthe5outeverywherethatifyouhavetoomanyflowersanddon'tknowwhattodowiththem,we'll6themyourhands,”Rebeccasaid.Theynowdevoteseveraldaysaweekpickingupflowers,fresheninganddeliveringthemseniorcarehomes,hospitalsandschoolsintheirarea.Thedonatedflowersare7welcomeattheCommunityRetirementCentre.“It'sa8waygiveourresidentsjoyandpurpose.Seeingallthoseflowersinstantlybrightensuptheirthecentre'smanagersaid.RebeccaandLauraarenotthefirst9flowers:Adoctorcollectsflowersanddonatesthemherhospitalpatients.Butthepairhopetheidea10evenmorearoundthe“Ifourflowersgiveonepersonafewmomentsofhappinessonathenit'sallworthwhile,”Rebeccasaid.1.A.paidB.appliedB.impatientB.comfortB.borrowedB.signalC.hopedD.plannedD.curiousD.wonderD.donatedD.task2.A.confused3.A.symbol4.A.purchased5.A.word6.A.setC.terribleC.reminderC.separatedC.B.takeC.holdD.keep7.A.stillB.alreadyB.creativeB.preserveC.alwaysC.traditionalC.harvestC.runsD.even8.A.funny9.A.exhibitD.formalD.repurposeD.standsout10.A.catchesonB.comesup第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AAfteraweekendtrip,friendandI(drive)homewhenabluecarsuddenlypulledupbesideusatastoplight.Awomanandherlittledaughterexcitedlytoldusshoeshadflown12ourcar!realizedourotherfriendmusthaveleftthemontheroof.thankedthemandwentbacktosearch,13wecouldn'tfindtheshoesuntilthesamecarreappeared!Thesekindstrangershadcircledback,14(spot)shoesandevenpickingthemupus.TheirunexpectedhelpusoutmadeourBResearchershavediscoveredthatdogscanidentifythevoicesofdifferentmembersoftheirhumanTheresearchteamtested31petdogs.Threehumancaretakersofeachdog15(ask)torecordtheirvoices.Thentheysatquietlyfrontofthewhiletherecordingplayed.Thedogsusuallyapproached—orleastspentmoretimelookingat——theperson16voicetheyheard.Expertshopestudywhetherothermammalshavethisskill,sotheycanbetterunderstand17specieslearntocommunicatewitheachCAIandlearninghaveapowerfulandcollaborativerelationship.AIactsasasmarttool,personalizinglessons18(match)eachstudent'spaceandneeds,whichmakeslearningmoreeffective.Italsosupportsteachersbyautomatingtaskslikegrading,allowingthemtofocusmoreoninstructionandstudentinteraction.isimportantuseAIresponsibly——shouldcomplement,notreplace,theroleofteachersandstudents.Ensuring19(fair),andethicaluseisessential.When20(use)AIcantransformeducationforthe第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共小题；每小题2分，共分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Theappstorefloodedwithastronomy-basedappsthatcanhelpguideyoutowardscelestial(天体的)wonders.Butwhatifyou'rereadylookdeeperintothenightusingatelescope?Nobodywantstomakeabiginvestment,andthenaimlesslyscanthestarstryingfindanobject.Helpisneeded.thereisasolutiontothat.CelestarisaleadertheworldoftelescopesanditsStarSmartExplorerappanddockhavebeendesignedtorunonitstelescopes.ThefreeStarSmartExplorerappusesinformationbasedonpreciselocationandtimetellyouwhichstarsplanetscanbeseeninthenightHowitworksConnectthephonewiththetelescopeandselectyourintendedcelestialphonewillbeheldoveranintegratedsothatstarpatternscanreflectthemirrorandintothephone'scamera.StarSmartExplorerprocessestheinformationyourtelescopewilladjustplacingtheinthemiddle.AswellaslocatingyourdesiredStarSmartExplorerholdsdetailedinformationaboutyourchosenobject.Listentoaudiopresentationwhileyouobserve.appwillevengiveyouobservingtipsonhowgetthebestWhyit'sspecialMostastronomyappsuseasmartphone'scompassestimateitsposition.ThepointingaccuracyofasmartphonehasforPrecisionmatterswhencomestostargazing.StarSmartExploreristheonlyastronomyapptousemodernplatesolvingtechnologytofinditsandclaimsatypicalpointingaccuracyof0,25°,apptakesapictureofthenightandmatchesthestarpatternwithintheimageitsinternaldatabase.It'sinessence,facialrecognition.Platesolvingwouldnormallyrequirespecialisedsuchsensitiveimagingcamera,lensandastronomicalsoftware,allatgreatcost.StarSmartExplorerappisfreeandworkswellwithStarSmartExplorertelescopes,startingfrom£299.99.Ifyou'rereadytakeadeeperdiveintoCelestar'sStarSmartExplorertechnologywillmakeafinecompanion.candiscovermoreat21.StarSmartExplorercanhelp_________.A.decideobservationdurationC.recordinformationonstarsB.locatestarspreciselyD.findunknownplanets22.StarSmartExplorerisuniquebecause_________.A.itmatchesdifferenttypesoftelescopesB.usesasmartphone'sbuilt-incompassC.ispoweredbyadvancedtechnologyD.itisequippedwiththelatestdatabase23.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.introduceasetofequipment.C.recommendascienceproject.B.promoteaproduct.D.presentanastronomicalBIwasinatinyplanewithskydiverstheir70sand80s,andIwasdistracted.Thereportermewastryingremembereverything;thepreflightrituals(仪式);thejokes;thethejumperscheckedtheirinstruments.restofmewasfocusedonthefactthataminutes,Iwouldjumpoutofaplaneflying12,500feetabovetheground.Iwasreportingonagroupofskydiverstheirlate50searly90s.Thegroupwasstarted1987byMs.andherhusband,andmembershavejumpedtogetheraboutonceamontheversince.Thistheywerecelebratingtheirholidaywhichincludedagiftexchangeanda28-pointformationinfreefall.Asreachedaltitude,wentoverthejumpformationoncemorebeforeleadingthegroupacheerformyjump.Itwastime.byonetheyjumped.Inthetheygrabbedholdofoneformingtheshapeofasnowflake.Thenitwasturn.Diazedgedmeforward.Itookadeepbreath.Andonthecountofthree,weleapedintofreefall.Ihadneverbeensoawareofmysenses:Ifeltthecoldairagainstmyfaceandthewindpushingbackmyarmsandlegs.Afteraseconds,Iwasabletolookaround.Afteraminutes,welanded.membersofcheeredandclappedmeonthebackasItriedcatchmybreath.Overthenextsixhours,Iinterviewedthemastheydidtwomorejumps.(Istayedfirmlyontheground.)Iheardtalesaboutfirstkissesfreefallandparachuting()intoweddings.Whatstruckmewasn'ttheextraordinaryphysicalaccomplishment,buthowalong-standing,activecommunityawayforthoseinittoageIdon'tknowwhetherI'llskydiveagain.ButIhopethatwhenI'm80,IcanregularlyexperienceasuspensionoftimewithpeopleI'veknownfordecades,beforeweparachutebackdowntoearth.24.WhatdoweknowaboutA.Theymakejumpingaroutine.B.Theyarewelltrainedprofessionals.C.Theysetanagelimittonewmembers.D.Theyarefamousfortheirdivingpatterns.25.Whydidauthorjointhatday?A.celebrateaC.carefortheB.tryasport.D.covera26.WhatimpressedtheauthormostaboutA.Theiroptimisticattitude.B.Theirlifelongbond.D.Theirremarkableskills.CC.Theirphysicalachievements.Anyonewithinsomniaknowstheimpatienceandfrustrationthataccompaniessleeplessness.longforabuttonthatcouldinstantlydampenallthatmentalTheideaofamentalswitchisnotfar-fetched.Mostneuroscientistsnowagreethatourwakefulnessiscoordinatedbyatinybundleofneurons(一小束神经元)knownasthe“locuscoeruleus”(LC),Latinfor“bluedot”.Itisaliteraldescription:theneuronsthelocuscoeruleushavethebluecolourfromtheproductionofaparticularcallednorepinephrine.Norepinephrineraisesthechancethataneuronwill“fire”withanelectriccurrent.Whentheybecomeactive,cellsinthelocuscoeruleuspassbundlesofthisneurotransmitteralongtheirprojectionsotherregionsofthebrain——enhancingthecommunicationbetweentheneuronsinthatarea.Thereslightdifferencesintheprocess.Dependingonthetypesofreceptorstheyhave,someneuronsaremoresensitivetosmalleramountsofnorepinephrine,whileothersonlyrespondtohigherthresholds.Thismeansthat,asthelocuscoeruleusactivityrises,willstarttosomebrainareasmorethanothers,whichcanhavedramaticeffectsonthingslikeourfocus,concentrationandGiventhebluedot'srole,makessensethatwouldbequietestnightduringsleep.Itisnotentirelysilent,butfiresoccasionally—andrecentresearchbyAnitaLüthiattheUniversityofLausannesuggeststhatthisactivitydeterminethequalityofoursleeps.Acrossthenight,wealternatebetweendifferentsleepstages.Thereis“rapideyemovement”(REM)sleep,whichisassociatedwithvividdreamingandisthoughtbecrucialforprocessingandconsolidatingmemories.Muchofourrest,spentnon-REM(NREM)sleep,duringwhichthebrainmayengageinadeepclean,clearingawaycellularwaste.Measuringbrainactivitydozingmice,AnitafoundNREMsleepassociatedwithtemporaryburstsoflocuscoeruleusactivityevery50seconds.Asaresult,theanimalwasmoresensitivetooutsidestimuli,likenoises—withoutfullywaking.“It'sgeneratingthisstateofenhancedvigilance(警觉),”Anitasays.“Itreallygivesyouthisideathatwakefulnesscanbegradedinthebrain.”ThebeginningofREMsleepwasalmostalwaysassociatedwithlowlocuscoeruleus“ThattransitiontoREMsleephasbeverywellcontrolled,”saysAnita,“becauseinREMsleep,wehaveatonia.”That'sthetemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofourwhichpreventsusfromphysicallyactingoutourdreams.Anitaemphasisesthatherexperimentsconductedmice,sostillneedtoconfirmthatthebluedotplaysasimilarrolehumansleep.Ifso,shesuspectsthatalteredlocuscoeruleusactivitycouldbeimplicatedinconditions—suchasanxiety—thatmaycontributetodisorderedsleep.Shefoundthatexposingherlaboratorymicetomildsourcesofstress—suchasknockingontheircage—raisedthebluedot'sactivityandincreasedtheirvigilancethroughoutthenight,resultinginfragmentedsleep.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph2referto?A.Neurons.B.Electriccurrents.D.Neurotransmitters.C.Projections.28.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheroleoftheA.Producingreceptors.B.PreservingcellD.ImprovingneuralC.Monitoringbrain29.WhichofthefollowingmayAnitaLüthiagreewith?A.Thebluedotfiresregularlyatnight.B.StresshasimpactonLCC.Lowactivitycanhelpcleancellularwaste.D.Atoniaresultsfromsuddenburstsofbrain30.Whatmightbethenextstepoftheresearch?A.Gradingwakefulnessofhumanbrains.B.UnlockingthemechanismofsleepC.Assessingthefunctionofthebluedotonhumans.D.IdentifyingapproachestoalteringtheDafterarthistoryclass,Iaminsufferableatmuseums.“That'sdefinitelyaMatisse,”IcantellbecauseofthebrushworkandtheuseofSometimesitisnotaMatissebutoftentimesitis.Itisunsettlingtolearn,then,thatallofmycarefullywonartappreciation,Iamdangerofbeingsurpassedbyaninsect.Inarecenthoneybees—whosebrainsarethesizeofgrassseeds——wereshownPicassosandMonetspairedsidebyside.Belowtheprintsweretwosmallcontainers,onecontainingsugarwaterandtheothernothingatall.Whichenter?Beescouldn'torsmellwhetheragivencontainerheldthetreatuntilthey'dalreadyflowninsideit.Buttheycouldletthemasterpiecesguidethem:forsomebees,therewardwasalwaysunderthePicasso,whilefortherestitwasundertheMonet.Overthecourseofmanytrials,thebeeslearnedtoflystraightthecorrectIndeed,theyevenperformedslightlybetterthanchancewhenfacedwithpairsofpaintingsthey'dneverseenbefore.beeshadlearneddiscriminate,howeverbetweenthetwoartists'styles.besure,humansstillhavetheedge.LastyearateamofresearchersledbyLianeGaborafoundthatartstudentswereperfectlycapableofidentifyingwhichwell-knownartistwasbehindwhichunknownpainting.Creativewritingstudentsweresimilarlyexcellentspottinglittle-readpassagesbyHemingwayorDickens—askillIcanonlyassumenohoneybeehasyetdemonstrated.Evenmorethough,thestudentscouldrecognizeas-yet-unseensamplesofeachother'swork,includingentirelydifferentmediums.Creativewriterscouldidentifytheirfellowwriters'paintingsandsketches;paintershadaprettygoodideawho'dbroughtwhichpoemorclaypot.It'sclearwhatthebeesweredoing:pickingupandcategorizingcomplexvisualpatternsinthepairsofimages.Butrecognizingdifferencesacrossmediumsisaltogetherdifferent.Whetherwe'rewritingpoemsorbuildingsculptures,Gaborawe'redoingwiththesamemind:onethatstructuresinformationthesamehasbeenshapedbythesameexperiences,andlongsexpressthesameideas.ourtechniquesandpreoccupationsinonedomainshould“out”usinButstillIwonder:whataboutthesetechniquesandpreoccupationsdidthetrick?researchersdidtheirbesttokeepsubjectmatterfromrulingthedaybyinstructing,forinstance,artistshappenedtobesurfersnottobringinartthatdepicted(描绘)surfing.Butwhatoflessobvioussubjectmatter—likelandscapes?Andwhatoftheobsessionsthatcomeintoourworkunawares?Acorrelationalstudylikethisonewillnotanswerthesequestions.Perhapsmybiggestquestionhasdowithpeoplewhodon'tidentifyartists,andhaven'tsettled—oratleastwouldclaimso—onapersonalstyle.Aretheircreationsalsoareflectionoftheirworldview?Itseemslikelythat,leasttosomeextent,badartisallalike,whileonlygoodartisgoodinits31.Whydoestheauthormentionbees?A.presentanexample.B.putforwardaC.drawoutacomparison.D.highlightaresearchfinding.32.Whydoestheauthorthinkhumansstillhavetheedge?A.Becausecantransferourexperiences.B.Becausecandiscriminatestyles.C.Becausecancategorizepatterns.D.Becausecanlearnfromtrials.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“out”inParagraph6probablymean?A.Assist.B.C.Beat.Expose.34.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.BeesBeatHumans?B.HowaC.WhyGoodArtD.WhatMakesHemingwayHemingway?第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。notesahighlydivisivemediumofcommunication.Therearethose,likeme,whoenjoybothleavingandlisteningthem;andthentherethosewhodislikethemandfeelverystronglyaboutthat.35ApollfoundthatofAmericanshavesentvoicenotes,andabout30%communicatethisonaregularbasis.eventhevoicenoteloversamongushaveourlimits.Allofusknowavoicenotebore.Anditistimetoestablishsomegroundrules.Thefirstrule:onlyeverleavevoicenotesforsomeonethatyouareconfidentlikesyou.36Itisalsosomewhatself-indulgent(我行我素).Whileaspotofself-indulgencecanbeitisunreasonableexpectsomeonewhodislikesyoutoindulgeyou.Nevergivecomplicatedinstructionsavoicenote.37Ifyouendupleavingalongvoicenotethatcontainsamixtureofkeyinformationandotherbits,followitupwithatextthatgivestheotherpersontheimportantsothey'renotforcedtolistenstraightLeavingavoicenotethatisunder10secondslong——unlessyouarefunnyortheotherpersonlikesyou——isannoying.outinstead.Followtheotherperson'scues.Iftheyrespondingtoyoureight-minutespecialswithone-minutevoicemessages,takethehint.Also,ifyourmessageislongerthanaboutfourminutes,youshouldbeopenthepossibilitythattheotherpersonisgoingtakealongtimelistenandrespond.Ifyourmessageisupwardsof10minutes,theymightneverlistenit.___39___Allyouneeddo,isrememberuseabitofcommonsense.Moderninnovationsneednegategoodold-fashionedmanners.A.Beatpeacewiththat.B.Beresponsiveandinformative.C.neednotkeepyourmessagestooshort.D.Itseemshatersarelosingthebattle,though.E.Avoicenoteisademandonsomeoneelse'stime.Itsuggestslimitingvoicenotestolessthantwominutes.G.Theseshouldbetypedoutsotheotherpersoncanreferback.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第4041题各2分第42题3分第43题5分共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Picturethis:teamisracingagainsttimesubmitanewproposal.finallymanageputallthedocumentsTheproposallooksgreatandyou'confidentthatyou'llprobablywinit.Aweekyougetanemail:reallylikedyourproposal,butwefoundamistakeSo…”frustratedandcallyourteamin,blamethemfornotcheckingthedocumentsandstormoutoftheroom.What'sthepossibleresult?teamprobablythinksyou'rethanklessandunkind.relationshipmaybedamaged.Astudyshowsthatthebrainrespondsmorestronglybadexperiencesthangoodones.Theauthorsconcludedthat,“Goodcanonlymatchorovercomebadbystrengthofnumbers.”Howmuchgoodcanovercomebad?Fivepositiveexperiencesareaboutequaltonegativeone.areallnaturallywiredblameotherpeopleorcircumstanceswhenthingsgowrong.Thisispartiallypsychological,drivenbythefundamentalattributionbias.tendtobelievethatwhatpeopledoreflectstheyare,ratherthanconsideringtheremaybeotherfactorsinfluencingtheirThereisalsoabiologicalexplanation.Recentresearchshowsthatpositiveeventsareprocessedbytheprefrontalcortex(大脑皮层),whichtakesawhileandtendstoconcludethatgoodthingshappenbyluck.Negativeevents,ontheotherhand,processedbytheamygdala,whichcontrolsfight-or-flightresponse.Theamygdalausuallyconcludesthatbadthingshappenonpurpose,anditcomesthisconclusionlightningfast.Sofastthatwedon'tevennoticewe'makingassumption;wejustknowthatthepersonclosesttheproblemmusthavedoneitonpurpose!Thisleadstothesecondproblemwithblame—wedon'tnoticehowoftenwedoit.Thiscanbedamaging.Ourbrainsinterpretblamethesametheyinterpretaphysicalattack.Whenweareblamed,ourprefrontalcorticeseffectivelyshutdo