定语从句完整

定语从句定语从句完整课件第1页第1页需要掌握知识：1.定义2.关系词分类及使用方法3.that和which使用方法比较4.特殊定语从句定语从句完整课件第2页第2页AttributiveClause（定语从句）一：概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词从句叫做定语从句.被修饰名词或代词叫先行词。HeisanEnglishteacher

wholikessingingsongs.定语从句先行词引导词引导词关系代词:who﹑whom﹑that﹑which﹑whose关系副词:where﹑when﹑why定语从句完整课件第3页第3页二：引导词通常有三个作用：1.引导定语从句；2.指代先行词；3.在定语从句中充当句子成份。Thebookthatyoureferredtoismine.定语从句完整课件第4页第4页1.Thegirl_______issittinginthechairisagoodsinger.2.Theskirt_(_________Maryboughttwoyearsagoisold.3.Isthisthenovel__________youintroducedtome?4.Whereistheboy_______brokethewindow?5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.who/thatwhich/that)(that/which)who/that(that/whom)定语从句完整课件第5页第5页注意：

1关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都要 充当句子成份。

2当关系代词充当动词和介词宾语时可省略，但假如介词提前话，不能够用that,而且不能够省略。

3定语从句中谓语动词要和先行词保持一致注意：oneof+名词复数theonly/thejust/thevery+oneof+名词复数。

4定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。

5非限制性定语从句中关系词不能够省略。定语从句完整课件第6页第6页关系代词功效：Who指人做主语Whom指人作宾语That指人也指物，做主语也做宾语Which指物，做主语也做宾语Whose指人也指物，做定语，强调所属关系When指时间，做时间状语Where指地点，做地点状语Why指原因，做原因状语定语从句完整课件第7页第7页例

1.Theman__________gaveyouthetalkyesterdayisourteacher.that/who指人:that/who(主语)那个站在树底下女生是我同桌。那个曾经伤了我自尊男生在那边。Thegirlwho/thatisstandingunderthetreeismydeskmate.Theboywho/thathurtmyprideonceisoverthere.定语从句完整课件第8页第8页例2:Theboy_________________thenurseislookingafterismyfriend.(whom/that)指人:whom/that(宾语,可省略)你所提到那个老师已经退休。你所关心那个男生犟得像头驴。Theteacher(that/whom)youreferredtohasretired.Theboy(that/whom)youcaredaboutisasstubbornasadonkey.定语从句完整课件第9页第9页例3:Thecar________________isredwasdamagedyesterday.that/which指物:that/which(主语)属于我那本书很宝贵。正在被建造学校是我们新学校。‘Thebookwhich/thatbelongstomeisvaluable.Theschoolwhich/thatisbeingrepairedisournewschool.定语从句完整课件第10页第10页例4:Thequestion_______________Idon’tunderstandisaboutgrammar.(that/which)指物:that/which(宾语,可省略)我所喜欢科目是地理。我不擅长语法是定语从句。Thesubject(that/which)Iamfondofisgeography.Thegrammar(that/which)Iamnotgoodatistheattributiveclause.定语从句完整课件第11页第11页正在打篮球男生们来自一年级。

TheboysarefromGradeOne.who/thatareplayingbasketball2.照料我姐姐护士很善良。Thenurseiskind.who/thatlooksaftermysister定语从句完整课件第12页第12页Wewatchedtheplay“Teahouse”which/thatwaswrittenbyLaoShe.3.我们观看那部戏是由老舍写茶馆。4.你昨天所见那个年轻人是个著名作家。Theyoungman(whom/that)yousawyesterdayisafamouswriter.定语从句完整课件第13页第13页5.一听到那个消息，那个名字叫Tom男生刚才潸然泪下。6.封皮是蓝色那本书不见了。7.这就是我出生村庄。8.我永远不会忘记我哥哥从军那一天。9.你相信他迟到理由吗？5.Atthesoundofthenews,theboywhosenameisTomburstintotearsjustnow.6.Thebookwhosecoverisblueismissing.7.ThisisthevillagewhereIwasborn.8.Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenmybrotherjoinedthearmy.9.Doyoubelievethereasonwhyhewaslate?定语从句完整课件第14页第14页1.Whose在引导定语从句时，用作定语。。指人时：=the+n+ofwhom=ofwhom+the+n指物时：=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n定语从句完整课件第15页第15页

DoyouknowthemanwhosenameisWangYu?→Doyouknowthemanthenameof whom/ofwhomthenameisWangYu?Marylivesinthehousewhoseroofisred.→Marylivesinthehousetheroofof which/ofwhichtheroofisred.定语从句完整课件第16页第16页1.Thestudent______fatherworksinthefactoryissittingthere.2.Iliketherooms______windowsfacesouth.3.Thisisthedesk______legswerebroken.请问同学们：你能用别方式改写吗？whosewhosewhose定语从句完整课件第17页第17页1.Yesterdayshetalkedwithonewoman____husbanddiedinthataccident.A.whichB.whoseC.ofwhichD.thatB2.Lastweek，wewatchedBeijingOpera，________stylewasunfamiliartomostofus.A．what B．whichC．where D．whoseD定语从句完整课件第18页第18页3.Manychildren，________parentsareawayworkinginbigcities，aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.A．their B．whoseC．ofthem D．withwhomB定语从句完整课件第19页第19页2.只用Which引导定语从句。常规情况下：which在从句做主语或宾语，但介词提前时，只用which。

Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsnearthe riverisourschool.(主语）Thisisthebook(which/that)youwant.（宾语）Theroominwhichthereisamachine isaworkshop.（宾语）定语从句完整课件第20页第20页

注意：①whom,which作介词宾语时，介词普通可放在关系代词之前，也可放在原来位置上；不过在含有介词动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来位置上。

Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.定语从句完整课件第21页第21页

②which还能够引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子或者某个词。

1.Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikevery much.2.Shewasawardedagoldmedal,whichthe wholefamilyconsideredagreathonor.3.Sheisalwayslateforclass,whichmakes theteacherangry.定语从句完整课件第22页第22页3、由that引导定语从句。常规情况下：that在从句中能够指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语。但：1.that不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。Thisistheschoolinthatyouwillstudy.(×)Thisistheschoolinwhichyouwillstudy.(√)Thisistheschool(which/that)youwillstudyin.(√)2.that也不能够引导非限制性定语从句。定语从句完整课件第23页第23页1.WewenttoMountainTailastweekend，________，notsurprisingly，wascrowdedwithvisitors.A．that B．whichC．where D．When2.Therearealtogetherfifty­sixstudentsinourclass，________isanewcomerfromafarawaymountainvillage.A．themosthard­workingofwhoB．ofwhomthemosthard­workingC．themosthard­workingofthemD．butthemosthard­workingofwhomBB定语从句完整课件第24页第24页★注意在下面几个情况下必须用that引导定语从句。⑴先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。

Allthatwehavetodoistopractiseeveryday.

Somethingthatweheardwasofgreattruth.

当先行词是all,everybody,nobody,anybody等不定代词时，如关系代词在从句中当主语，则优先选取who连接主从句。

Anybody

whorefusedtobowwasthrownintoprisonwithouttrial.Everybodywhowerewillingtoseethefilmsignedtheirnameshere.定语从句完整课件第25页第25页⑵先行词被序数词、thelast或形容词最高级所修饰。

ThefirstthingthatIlearnedwillneverbe forgotten.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhave everseen.⑶先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。

Ihavereadallthebooksthatyougaveme.定语从句完整课件第26页第26页⑷先行词被theonly,thevery修饰。

ThisistheverypenthatIamlookingfor.HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkto.⑸先行词现有些人又有物时。

Theytalkedofthingsandpersons

thatthey remembered.定语从句完整课件第27页第27页⑹当句中已经有who或which时，为预防重复。WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJohn?Whichisthebook(that)youwant?⑺如有两个定语从句，其中一个已经用了which/who，则另一个用that.定语从句完整课件第28页第28页Edisonbuiltafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseen.Imetthepoetwhowrotethepoemthatispopular.8.当先行词在主句中作表语，引导词在定语从句中做表语时。Chinaisnolongerthecountry___itusedtobe.=Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.that定语从句完整课件第29页第29页⑨(衡水中学)Theywentonwellatfirstbuteventuallyeverything________theyhadworriedabouthappened.A．which B．what C．that D．When⑩(南昌调研)Youcanonlybesureofall________youhaveatpresent；youcannotbesureofsomething________youmightgetinthefuture.A．that;what B．that;/C．which;that D．what;thatCB定语从句完整课件第30页第30页⑪(宁波联考)—Doyouagreewithherideasatthemeeting?—Absolutely，whatshe'sjustsaidistheveryidea________Iwanttoexpress.A．that B．whatC．which D．Why

⑫Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A．which B．thatC．whom D．whatAB定语从句完整课件第31页第31页5.When/where/why引导定语从句：当先行词为指时间，地点，原因名词时，在从句中做状语时，要用关系副词when/where/why.但一定要认真分析句子成份。Lifeislikealongrace________wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A．why B．whatC．that D．whereD定语从句完整课件第32页第32页1.Ihavereachedapointinmylife________Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A．which B．whereC．how D．Why2.It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituation________theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A．that B．whenC．which D．whereBD定语从句完整课件第33页第33页⑲(锦州二模)—SoyouknowDella?—Yes，itwaslastweek________IsurfedtheInternet.A．that B．whenC．since D．before

Abookofficeisaplacewhereticketsaresold.此句能够改为：Abookofficeisaplaceinwhichticketsaresold.所以定语从句中关系副词where=介词+which.B定语从句完整课件第34页第34页Thisisthehousewherehelives.=Thisisthehouse___________helives.=Thisisthehouse__________helivesin.inwhich(which/that)Istillremembertheyearwhenwestudiedtogether.=Istillremembertheyearinwhichwestudiedtogether.=Istillremembertheyear(which/that)westudiedintogether.定语从句完整课件第35页第35页DoyouknowthereasonwhyIleftearly?Doyouknowthereason_____________Ileftearly?②但假如关系词在从句中不是作状语，而是作宾语时仍用that/which.Thereason___________hegaveuswasunacceptable.

Isthisthereasonthat/whichhetoldyou?Isthisthereasonwhyhewaslateforclass? (forwhich)forwhichthat/which定语从句完整课件第36页第36页关系代词和关系副词选取。在定语从句中到底选取关系代词还是关系副词要看它们在从句中所充当句子成份来决定，有时同一个先行词往往关系词却不一样。1.Thisisthefactorywhich/thatproducesTVsets.Thisisthefactorywheremyfatheronceworked. (inwhich)2.I’llneverforgetthedaythat/whichwespent togetherinthecountryside.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenhishousewas brokeninto.(onwhich)

定语从句完整课件第37页第37页问题：1.是不是先行词为时间名词，地点名词，原因名词，就一定选择关系副词：when,where,why?2.请问关系副词和关系代词转换是什么样地？Thisisthevillage_____Iwasbornin.Thisisthevillage______Iwasborn.Thisisthevillagein___Iwasborn.Idon’tbelievethereason___hewaslate.Idon’tbelievethereason__hementionedjustnow.Iwillneverforgettheday___IjoinedtheLeague.Iwillneverforgettheday__wespenttogether.Iwillforgettheday__youcametothisschool.Which/thatwherewhichwhyThat/whichwhenThat/whichwhen定语从句完整课件第38页第38页当先行词为way时，定语从句关系词能够有三种情况:???

Idon’tliketheway

youtalkedtoyourmother.（choosetheonethatisnotproperforthisblank）

A.that B.whichC.inwhichD./

Ourchemistryteacherannouncedthathewoulddotheexperimentinadifferentway________wemightfindinteresting.A．which B．inwhichC．inthat D．whatBA定语从句完整课件第39页第39页

在It’stime句型中，后面从句也能够看成是定语从句，通常有下面几个句型。

Itis(high/about)timethat主语+谓语（should+v）/过去式

Itisthefirst

timethat主语+谓语(现在完成时)Itwasthefirsttimethat+主语+谓语（过去完成时）ItishightimethatI_______todothephysicshomework.A.go B.went C.shallgoD.havegoneItisthefirsttime_____hehasbeenhere.A.that B.when C.atwhich D.whichBA定语从句完整课件第40页第40页定语从句主谓一致问题：1.定语从句中，关系代词在从句中作主语时，其后谓语动词人称和数要与先行词保持一致。HereisaletterfromMrBrown,who_____tocometoParis.(want)I,who____yourfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouwhenyouareintrouble.(be)Thosewho____lateforthemeetingshallbepunished.(be)wantsamare定语从句完整课件第41页第41页2.oneof+复数名词+who/which/that+复数谓语

the(only)oneof+复数名词+who/which/that+单数谓语Sheisoneofthestudentswho____praisedat themeetingyesterday.A.was B.were C.is D.areHeistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____a winnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.is B.are C.havebeen D.hasbeenBD定语从句完整课件第42页第42页as引导定语从句:⑴as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中做主语、表语和状语，组成thesame…as,such…as等结构。

Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.请问：thesame…as与thesame…that区分？Such…as与such…that区分？定语从句完整课件第43页第43页Such…as---“像。。。那样”as引导定语从句，从句不完整，as要在从句中充当主语或宾语。Such…that---”如此。。以至于”that引导结果状语从句，从句完整，that不充当任何成份。Thisissuchadifficultproblem____allofuscan’tworkitout.Thisissuchadifficultproblem____allofuscan’tworkout.Thisissuchabigwatermelon___Iboughtitatonce.Thisissuchabigwatermelon___Iboughtyesterday.thatasthatas定语从句完整课件第44页第44页Ihaveboughtthesamewatch________youhave.A．that B．whichC．as D．WhoseHisstocksaresoldatsuchalowprice________hedidn'texpect.A．as B．that C．when D．whichCA定语从句完整课件第45页第45页⑵as引导非限制性定语。能够放在主句之前、惯用于这种类似插入语句式有Asissaidabove,Asisalreadymentionedabove,Asisknowntoall,Asitis,Asisoftenthecase,Asisreportedinthenewspaper定语从句完整课件第46页第46页(云南昆明质检)________isgenerallythecase，thosewhocarefortheweakestmembersofsocietyarerespected.A．Which B．ThatC．What D．As(常德测试卷)________isreportedinthenewspaper，peopleinSichuanProvincearerecoveringfromtheterribledisasterandlivinganormallife.A．It B．As C．That D．WhatDB定语从句完整课件第47页第47页注意：在引导非限制订语从句时which和as区分是：①which不能放在句首，而as则能够；②在句中时，as有“正如”、“就像”之意，而which表示“这一点”有因果关系或者从句是否定句。定语从句完整课件第48页第48页(·西城)Theprojectturnedouttobeverygood，________wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A．what B．thatC．which D．This他再次迟到，这一点让他班主任很生气。Hewaslateagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.C定语从句完整课件第49页第49页介词+关系代词

小试一下

Thisisthegirl____Ilearnedthenews.Wearelookingfortheperson___

thebookbelongs.Heistheman_____housethepictureswerestolen.Hestoodnearthewindow,____hecouldseethewholegarden.同学们，你们发觉什么方法？FromwhichTowhomFromwhoseFromwhere定语从句完整课件第50页第50页1.Thisisthehouse__________mygrandfatheroncelived.2.Thefilm__________I’mspeakingistobeshownnextweek.3.Thisistheman_____________Ilearnthenews.

(苏、锡、常、镇四市联考)Hedidn'tputthethings________theybelonged，for________reasonhegothispunishment.A．which;that B．what;that C．that;whose D．where;whichInwhichOfwhichFromwhichD定语从句完整课件第51页第51页三、“介词＋关系代词(which/whom/whose)”引导定语从句1．关系代词选取：关系代词指人时，只可用whom；关系代词指物时，只可用which。Therich，for________moneywasnotaproblem，wantedtostayatanexpensivehotel.A．their B．themC．whose D．whomD定语从句完整课件第52页第52页1.依据与定语从句中动词搭配来确定介词Wateristhenaturalmedium______fishlive.2.依据与定语从句中形容词搭配来确定介词。Physicsisthesubjectinourschool_____everystudentisinterested.3.依据与先行词搭配来确定介词。Iknowawood_____youcanfindroses.4.依据句意来确定介词。Thisisthebook_____Igotthestory.怎样确定介词？InwhichInwhichInwhichFromwhich定语从句完整课件第53页第53页

(长郡中学)ItwassurprisingtoseealltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma，________turnedupararerainbowsoon.A．ofwhich B．where C．fromwhich D．abovewhich

(贵港监测)Thefilm________IamspeakingistobeshownatthePeople'sCinema.A．towhich B．withwhichC．ofwhich D．onwhichDC定语从句完整课件第54页第54页

(陕西重点联考)Theposition，however，________youareapplying，isnotquiteawell­paidone.A．that B．whichC．forwhich D．towhich(浙江五校联考)Hecamebacklate，________whichtimealltheguestshadalreadyleft.A．after B．byC．at D．duringCB定语从句完整课件第55页第55页⑴依据从句中谓语动词搭配

___________IspentfiveYuan.

____________IpaidfiveYuan.Thisisthebook_________Ilearntalot.

_________therearefewnewwords.

___________Tomoftentalks.⑵依据先行词搭配习惯

theday________Ijoinedtheleague.Istillrememberthedays____________Ilivedthere.

theyears

_________Istayedthere.OnwhichForwhichFromwhichInwhichAboutwhichOnwhichDuringwhichInwhich定语从句完整课件第56页第56页(长郡中学)ItwassurprisingtoseealltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma，________turnedupararerainbowsoon.A．ofwhichB．where C．fromwhichD．abovewhichD定语从句完整课件第57页第57页(陕西重点联考)Theposition，however，________youareapplying，isnotquiteawell­paidone.A．that B．whichC．forwhich D．towhich(浙江五校联考)Hecamebacklate，________whichtimealltheguestshadalreadyleft.A．after B．byC．at D．duringCB定语从句完整课件第58页第58页介词+which/whom中介词确实定

(3.)先行词习惯选取：也依据从句中谓语动词与先行词习惯搭配Thespeed_____lighttravelsis300,000meterspersecond.Thecolorlessgasiscalledoxygen,

___________wecouldn’tlive.

____________wecanrescuepatients.____________fireburnsmuchbetter.InwhichWithoutwhichWithwhichAtwhich定语从句完整课件第59页第59页(4)．介词＋关系代词前还可用some，any，none，all，both，neither，many，most，each，few等，代词、名词或数词等组成复合介词短语。Hissons，bothofwhomlovedmusicverymuch，spentmostoftheirmoneyonCDs.他两个儿子都热爱音乐，他们把大部分钱用来买CD唱片。定语从句完整课件第60页第60页JamesandAlex，________clothesHarryhadtakenaway，hadtoleavethepoolwithnothingon.A．bothofwhich B．bothofwhoseC．neitherofwhom D．neitherofwhich书架上有很多书，没有一本是你。他有两个儿子，没有一个是律师。他学到了很多知识，大部分是来自书本。Therearemanybooksontheshelf,noneofwhichareyours.Hehas2sons,neitherofwhomarelawyers.Hehaslearnedalotofknowledge,mostofwhicharefrombooks.B定语从句完整课件第61页第61页二、非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句关系不亲密，去掉定语从句，句子意思依然完整。形式上用逗号把主句和从句分开。使用时应注意以下几点：1.非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。2.非限制性定语从句中关系词不可省略，不论在从句中充当什么成份。定语从句完整课件第62页第62页 (山东)WheneverImether，________wasfairlyoften，shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.A．who B．whichC．when D．That(北京西城区)Morewildtigershavebeenseenintheforestaroundthisarea，________thereusedtobeveryfew.A．when B．whereC．what D．whichBB定语从句完整课件第63页第63页定语从句与强调句区分？Itisat5o’clock_____theaccidenthappened.Itwas5o’clock_____theaccidenthappened.ItwasinBaiheCounty_____Iwasborn.ItwasBaiheCounty______Iwasborn.其它句型：Therewasatime___womenwerelookeddownupon.Thisisatime____womenplayanimportantpartintheworld.Daysaregone_____wehadnothingtoeat.thatwhenthatwherewhenwhenwhen定语从句完整课件第64页第64页When引导定语从句与时间状语从句区分：When引导定语从句时，从句修饰限定先行词，跟在先行词后面。When引导时间状语从句时，说明动作发生时间，能够放在主句之前。Doyouknowthetimewhentheclassisover?Whentheclassisover,thelightwentout.Doyouknowthetimewhenheleft?Whenheleft,whatdidyoudo?定语从句时间状语从句定语从句时间状语从句定语从句完整课件第65页第65页Where引导定语从句和地点状语从句区分：Where引导定语从句是，修饰限定表地点先行词。Where引导地点状语从句时，说明动作发生地点，where之前没有表示地点名词，而是动词。Alotofbuldingshavebeenbuiltwherethereusedtobeawasteland.Thisistheplacewhereweusedtoliveafewyearsago.地点状语从句定语从句定语从句完整课件第66页第66页That引导定语从句和同为语从句区分：That引导定语从句时，that在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，做宾语时能够省略。That引导同为语从句时，that在从句中不充当任何成份，只起引导作用，that不能省略。Thenewsthatourteamwonmademeexcited.Thenews（that）theytoldmemademeexcited.Idon’tbelievethenews（that）hementionedjustnow.Idon’tbelievethenewsthathefailedagain.同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句定语从句完整课件第67页第67页定语从句和其它从句转化Anyonewhobreaksthelawshallbepunished.Whoeverbreaksthelawshallbepunished.Nomatterwhobreaksthelaw,heshallbepunished.Anythingthatyousaidhasnothingtodowithme.Whateveryousaidhasnothingtodowithme.Nomatterwhatyousaidhasnothingtodowithme.定语从句主语从句让步状语从句定语从句主语从句让步状语从句定语从句完整课件第68页第68页巩固练习：Finallythethiefhandedeverything______hehadstolentothepolice.Which B.what C.whatever D.that2.Hetold