TFX型电子防滑器结构与原理BUSELECTRICALI

TFX1型电子防滑器结构与原理ZHENGZHOURAILWAYVOCATIONAL&TECHNICALCOLLEGE客车电气装置/BUSELECTRICALINSTALLATIONSpeaker主讲人Niuxiaowei牛小伟CONTENTS01防滑器组成Antiskiddevicecomposition02防滑器工作原理Howtheanti-slipdeviceworks2．制动时能根据轮轨间粘着的变化调节制动力，以充分利用轮轨间的粘着，得到较短的制动距离。Theotheristhatitcanadjustthebrakecylinderpressureaccordingtothechangeoftheadhesionbetweenthewheelsandrailsandrealizethebrakingforceadjustment,soastomakefulluseoftheadhesionbetweenthewheelsandrailsandgetashortbrakingdistance.1．制动时能有效地防止轮对因滑行而造成的踏面擦伤。Oneisthatthebrakingcaneffectivelypreventthetreadscratchcausedbythewheel.ＴＦＸ1型防滑器的主要参数如下：1．电源电压ＤＣ４８Ｖ（变化范围３8～６8V）SupplyVoltageDC48V(Variablerange38-68V)2．适应的速度范围３～２５０km/hAdaptablespeedrange3to250km/h3．电磁阀功耗５６ＷSolenoidpowerconsumption56W4．主机功耗２０ＷMainunitpowerconsumption20W5．环境温度environmentaltemperature主机－５℃～＋５０℃Mainmachine-5℃～＋50℃速度传感器－３０℃～＋１００℃SpeedSensor-30℃～＋100℃防滑充排电磁阀－５０℃～＋５０℃、Anti-slipfillinganddrainingsolenoidvalve-50℃～＋50℃TFX1型防滑器的主要功能MainfunctionsofTFX1anti-slipdevice01防滑器组成Antiskiddevicecomposition一、防滑器组成速度传感器、主机、防滑排风阀和压力继电器(压力开关)四部分Speedsensor,host,anti-skidexhaustvalveandpressurerelay,orpressureswitch.组成Composition:一、防滑器组成图TFX1微处理控制制动防滑系统一、防滑器组成TFX1型防滑器组成速度传感器

Speedsensor主机Host排风阀Exhaustvalve压力开关

Pressureswitch一、防滑器组成一、防滑器组成1．速度传感器Speedsensor它是一个速度脉冲信号发生器，由速度传感器及感应齿轮组成。Itisaspeedpulsesignalgenerator,composedofaspeedsensorandaninductiongear.感应齿轮安装在车轴端部，传感器安装在轴箱盖上，其端部与齿轮顶部保持１mm左右的间隙。感应齿轮与轴承压盖做成一体，齿轮共有90个齿，即车轮每转一圈产生90个脉冲信号。Theinductiongearisinstalledattheendoftheaxleandthesensorismountedontheaxleboxcoverwithabout1mmclearancefromthetopofthegear.Theinductiongearisintegratedwiththebearingpressurecoverandthegearhas90teeth,whichmeansthatthewheelgenerates90pulsesignalsperturn.当齿轮旋转时，齿顶齿谷交替通过传感器，切割磁力线，即在传感器输出线圈上感应出相应的脉冲信号。Whenthegearrotates,thetoothtopandtoothvalleyalternatelypassthroughthesensor,cutthemagneticforcelineandsensethecorrespondingpulsesignalonthesensoroutputcoil.一、防滑器组成一、防滑器组成2．防滑器主机Anti-skiddevicemainframe主机是防滑器的控制中心，它接收四路速度传感器的脉冲信号，通过对该信号的处理、计算、比较，作出各种决策，控制各防滑器电磁阀发生相应的动作，使相应的制动缸排风或充风。Theanti-skiddevicemainframeisthecontrolcenteroftheanti-skiddevice,whichreceivesthespeedpulsesignalof4speedsensors.Throughtheprocessingofthesesignals,calculation,comparison,itmakesvariousjudgments,controlsthecorrespondingactionoftheanti-skidexhaustvalve,sothatthecorrespondingbrakecylinderexhaustorchargingairflow.防滑器的主机安装在车辆上部乘务员室内，其电源为直流４８Ｖ，设有极性保护、瞬态干扰滤波网络及自动通断环节。在３8V到６8V电压变化范围内，能稳定可靠的工作。Themainframeoftheanti-skiddeviceisinstalledintheuppercrewcabinofthevehicle.Itspowersupplyis48VDC,equippedwithpolarityprotection,transientinterferencefilternetworkandautomaticon-offlink.Stableandreliableoperationwithinthevoltagevariationrangeof38Vto68V.诊断按钮显示按钮清除按钮一、防滑器组成主机一、防滑器组成上设三个功能按钮，即“诊断”、“显示”和“清除”，一个电源灯，一个两位ＬＥＤ显示器，在显示器右下还有一个故障小灯。Thepanelofthemainframeisequippedwiththreefunctionbuttons,namely“diagnosis”,“display”and“eliminate”andtherealsoareapowerlight,atwo-bitLEDdisplay,andasmallfaultlightonthelowerrightofthedisplay.主机面板如图一、防滑器组成4.3主机工作原理MainframeWorkingPrinciple主机是防滑器的控制中心，它接收四路速度传感器的速度脉冲信号，通过对该信号的调理、计算、比较，做出各种决策，控制各防滑排风阀发生相应的动作，使相应的制动缸排风或充风。Thehostisthecontrolcenteroftheanti-skiddevice,whichreceivesthespeedpulsesignalfromthefourspeedsensors,andmakesvariousdecisionsbyconditioning,calculating,andcomparingthesignalstocontroltheanti-skidairventingvalvestotakecorrespondingactions,sothatthecorrespondingbrakecylinderscanexhaustorfilltheair.

S1、S2板卡：传感器信号传输；S1,S2boards:sensorsignaltransmission;CP：速度传感器脉冲信号的计算、处理；CP:Calculation,processingofspeedsensorpulsesignals;V1、V2：排风阀动作控制；V1,V2:Exhaustairvalveactioncontrol;PW、PD：电源板卡。PW,PD:Powersupplyboard.一、防滑器组成3．防滑器排风阀Anti-skiddeviceoftheexhaustairvalve防滑器排风阀是防滑器的执行机构，防滑排风阀采用双电磁铁间接作用的结构原理。它安装于空气分配阀与制动缸的连接管上，根据主机指令，控制相应制动缸的排风和再充风。Theexhaustvalveistheactuatoroftheanti-skiddevice.Thebrakeanti-skiddeviceadoptsthestructuralprincipleoftheindirectactionofintegrateddoublesolenoidvalve,whichisinstalledontheconnectingpipebetweentheairdistributionvalveandthebrakecylinderandcontrolsthecorrespondingbrakecylinderexhaustorreinflationaccordingtotheinstructionsofthemainengine.一、防滑器组成3．防滑器排风阀Anti-skiddeviceoftheexhaustairvalve防滑器排风阀是防滑器的执行机构，防滑排风阀采用双电磁铁间接作用的结构原理。Theexhaustvalveistheactuatoroftheanti-skiddevice.Thebrakeanti-skiddeviceadoptsthestructuralprincipleoftheindirectactionofintegrateddoublesolenoidvalve.它安装于空气分配阀与制动缸的连接管上，根据主机指令，控制相应制动缸的排风和再充风。Itisinstalledontheconnectingpipebetweentheairdistributionvalveandthebrakecylinderandcontrolsthecorrespondingbrakecylinderexhaustorreinflationaccordingtotheinstructionsofthemainengine.一、防滑器组成它由膜板活塞、活塞顶杆、压力调整弹簧及微动开关组成。Itconsistsofadiaphragmplatepiston,pistontoprod,pressureadjustingspringandmicroswitch.压力继电器是实现防滑器电源自通断功能的主要元件，它安装于车辆列车管上。Pressurerelayisthemaincomponenttorealizetheautomaticonandofffunctionofanti-skidpowersupply,whichisinstalledonthebrakepipeofthevehicle.通过调整弹簧的压力，当列车管压力达到要求数值时，膜板活塞上移，通过活塞顶杆推动微动开关，使其常开触点闭合，常闭触点断开，通过主机内部线路使主机电源接通；当列车管压力低于弹簧调整值时，微动开关恢复原状，常开触点断开，常闭触点闭合，触发主机内部的定时线路，经过一定时间后切断电源。Byadjustingthepressureofthespring,whentheairpressureofthebrakepipereachestherequiredvalue,thetemplatepistonmovesup,pushesthemicroswitchthroughthepistontoprod,closesthenormallyopencontact,closesthenormallyclosedcontactdisconnectedthehostpowersupplythroughtheinternallineofthehost;Whenthepressureofthetrainbrakepipeislowerthanthespringadjustmentpressurevalue,themicroswitchisrestoredtoitsoriginalstateandthenormallyopencontactisdisconnectedandthenormallyclosedcontactisclosed,triggeringtheinternaltiminglineofthemainengineandcuttingoffthehostpowersupplyafteracertaintime.4．压力继电器Pressurerelay一、防滑器组成02防滑器工作原理Howtheanti-slipdeviceworks二、防滑器工作原理四路速度传感器的脉冲信号传输给主机。Pulsesignalsfromthefourspeedsensorsaretransmittedtothehostcomputer.主机进行处理后，将计算出的各轴速度和减速度，与车辆运行速度进行比较得到相应的速度差、滑移率，当达到有关的判据标准时，主机立即控制防滑排风阀动作。Afterprocessing,thehostwillcalculatethespeedofeachaxisanddeceleration,andthevehiclerunningspeedcomparisontogetthecorrespondingspeeddifference,sliprate,whenitreachestherelevantcriterio