系统工程管理

系統工程管理OutlineSystemDefinitionWhatisSystemsEngineering?SystemEngineeringProcessSystemDefinitionHardwareSoftwareEquipmentFacilitiesTechnicalDataPersonnelAnintegratedsetofequipment,computerprogram,facilities,humanandlogisticalsupportresources,andprocedureswhichareassembledtoaccomplishasinglepurposeormission.(NSA/CSS)Asystemisaconstructorcollectionofdifferentelementsthattogetherproduceresultsnotobtainablebyelementsalone.(NASA)Acompletesolutiontoadefinedneed(s)initsfullenvironmentoveraprescribedlifetime.

(NorthropGrumman)CommandControl&CommunicationsArchitectureSpaceSystemSpaceMissionConceptSubjectSpaceSegment(P/L+S/C)OrbitandConstellationLaunchSegmentGroundSegmentMissionOperationsSystemDefinitionWhatisSystemsEngineering?SystemEngineeringProcessWhatistheSystemsEngineering?(I)TheOrchestraNeedsaConductorand...WhatistheSystemsEngineering?(II)Systemsengineeringistheartandscienceofdevelopinganoperablesystemcapableofmeetingrequirementswithinoftenopposedconstraints.Systemsengineeringisaholistic,integrativedisciplinetoproduceacoherentwholethatisnotdominatedbytheperspectiveoffasinglediscipline.SystemsEngineering(BasicConcept)Mission(ALargeProblem)#1#2#3#NTOBESOLVED&EFFECTIVELYMANAGEDTOPRODUCEANOPTIMIZEDSOLUTIONSYSTEMSENGINEERINGPROCESS(TOBEDECOMPOSEDINTOANINTEGRATEDSETOFSMALLPROBLEMS)RelationshipsbetweenSystemEngineeringandProjectControlSYSTEMSEMGINEERINGRequirementDefinitionRequirementDefinitionTechnicalSolutionDefinitionProductRealizationDesignRealizationEvaluationProductTransitionTechnicalManagementTechnicalPlanningTechnicalControlTechnicalAssessmentTechnicalDecisionAnalysis

PlanningRiskManagementConfigurationManagementDataManagementAssessmentDecisionAnalysisPROJECTMANAGEMENTPROJECTCONTROLManagementPlanningIntegratedAssessmentScheduleManagementCostManagementResourceManagementAcquisitionmanagementProjectLife-CyclePhases(NASA)Pre-PhaseA:ConceptStudiesPhaseA:Concept&TechnologyDevelopmentPhaseB:PreliminaryDesign&TechnologyCompletionPhaseC:FinalDesign&FabricationPhaseD:SystemAssemblyIntegration&TestLaunchPhaseE:Operation&SustainmentPhaseF:CloseoutFeasible

ConceptTop-LevelArchitectureFunctionalBaselineAllocatedBaselineProductBaselineAs-DeployedBaselinePhaseConfigurationOutputFeasibleSystemConceptsintheformofSimulations,Analysis,StudyReports,Models,andMockupsSystemConceptsDefinitionintheformofSimulations,Analysis,EngineeringModels,Mockups,TradeStudyDefinitionEndProductsintheformofMockups,TradeStudyResults,Specifications,InterfaceDocuments,andPrototypesEndProductsDetailedDesigns,EndProduct,ComponentFabrication,AndSoftwareDevelopmentOperations-ReadySystemEndProductWithSupportingRelatedEnablingProductsProductCloseoutDesiredSystemSystemDefinitionWhatisSystemsEngineering?SystemEngineeringProcessSystemsEngineeringEngineRequirementsFlowDownFromLevelAboveRealizedProductstoLevelAboveRequirementsFlowDowntoLevelBelowRealizedProductsFromLevelAboveSYSTEMDESIGNPROCESSRequirementsDefinitionProcessesStakeholderExpectationsDefinition2.TechnicalRequirementsDefinitionTechnicalSolutionDefinitionProcesses3.LogicalDecomposition4.DesignSolutionDefinitionTECHNICALMANAGEMENTPROCESSTechnicalPlanningProcesses10.TechnicalPlanningTechnicalControlProcesses11.RequirementsManagement12.InterfaceManagement13.TechnicalRiskManagement14.ConfigurationManagement15.TechnicalDataManagementTechnicalAssessmentProcesses16.TechnicalAssessmentTechnicalDecisionAnalysisProcesses17.DecisionAnalysisProductionTransitionProcesses9.ProductTransitionEvaluationProcesses7.ProductVerification8.ProductValidationDesignRealizationProcesses5.ProductImplementation6.ProductIntegrationPRODUCTREALIZATIONPROCESSInterrelationshipsamongtheSystemsDesignProcessesMissionObjectives&ConstraintsMissionAuthorityStakeholder

ExpectationsOperationalObjectivesMissionSuccessCriteriaHigh-LevelRequirementsFunctionalandLogicalDecompositionDesignandProductBreakdownStructureConOpsHigh-LevelRequirementsFunctional&PerformanceAnalysisSufficientDepthWork?Safe&Reliable?Affordable?SelectBaselineBaselineRequirements?StartTradeStudiesandIterative

Design

LoopNoYesNoYesYesNoStakeholderExpectationDefinitionTechnicalRequirementDefinitionLogicalDecompositionDesignSolutionDefinitionDecisionAnalysisPurposeofStakeholderExpectationsDefinitionProcess

Themainpurposeistoidentifywhothestakeholdersareandhowtheyintendtousetheproduct.Theearlytaskistounderstandtheobjectivesofthemission.OperationalObjectivesSuccessCriteriaDesignDriversMissionAuthorityMissionObjectivesAgencystrategicplansAnnouncementsofopportunityRoadmaps

ScienceTechnologydemonstrationTechnologydevelopmentProgrammaticOperationDriverIntegrationandtestTransportationSciencedatadistribution…...

Whatmeasurements?Howwell?

OperationdurationEnvironment….StakeholderExpectationsDefinitionProcess

InitialCustomerExpectationsValidatedStakeholderExpectationsOtherStakeholderExpectationsCustomerFlowdownRequirementsConceptofOperationsEnablingProductSupportStrategiesMeasureof

EffectivenessEstablishListof

StakeholdersElicitStakeholdersExpectationsEstablishOperationsConceptandSupportStrategiesDefineStakeholderExpectationsinAcceptableStatementsAnalyzeExpectationStatementsForMeasuresofEffectivenessValidateThatDefinedExpectationStatementsReflectBidirectionalTraceabilityObtainStakeholderCommitmentstotheValidatedSetofExpectationsBaselineStakeholderExpectationsOperationArchitectureTechnicalRequirementsDefinitionProcess

BaselinedStakeholderExpectationsValidatedTechnicalRequirementsBaselinedConceptOfOperationsMeasuresofEffectivenessMeasuresofPerformanceTechnicalPerformanceMeasuresAnalyzeScopeofProblemDefineDesignandProductConstraintsDefineFunctionalandBehavioralExpectationinTechnicalTermsDefinePerformanceRequirementsforEachDefinedFunctionalandBehaviorExpectationDefineTechnicalRequirementsinAcceptable“Shall”StatementsValidateTechnicalRequirementsDefineMeasureofPerformanceforEachMeasureofEffectivenessEstablishTechnicalRequirementsBaselineDefineTechnicalPerformanceMeasuresBaselinedEnablingSupportsStrategiesCharacteristicsofRequirements

TechnicalRequirements–AllocationHierarchicallytoPBSFunctionalRequirementsPerformanceRequirementsInterfaceRequirementsOperationalRequirements–DrivefunctionalRequirementsMissionTimelineSequenceMissionConfigurationsCommonandTelemetryStrategyReliabilityRequirements–ProjectStandards–LeviedAcrossSystemsMissionTimelineSequenceMissionConfigurationsCommonandTelemetryStrategySafetyRequirements–ProjectStandards–LeviedAcrossSystemsToxicSubstancesPressurizedVesselsRadioFrequencyEnergySpecialtyRequirements–ProjectStandards–DriveProductDesignProducibilityMaintainabilityAssetProtectionFlowdownRequirements

MissionObjectivesMissionRequirementsSystemFunctionalRequirementsCostScheduleConstraintsSystemPerformanceRequirementsEnvironmentalandotherDesignRequirementsSubsystemASubsystemBSubsystemCSubsystemDAllocatedRequirementsDerivedRequirementsAllocatedRequirementsAllocatedRequirementsAssumption…NEEDSSYSTEMSUBSYSTEMLogicalDecompositionProcess

BaselinedTechnicalRequirementsValidatedTechnicalRequirementsMeasuresofPerformanceLogicalDecompositionmodelsLogicalDecompositionWokProductsDefineOneorMoreLogicalDecompositionmodelsAllocateTechnicalRequirementstoLogicalDecompositionModelstoFormASetofDerivedTechnicalRequirementsResolveDerivedTechnicalRequirementsConflictsValidatetheResultingSetofDerivedTechnicalRequirementsEstablishtheDerivedTechnicalRequirementsBaselineProductBreakdownStructureSpacecraftSystemSystemStructureandMechanismThermalControlAttitudeDetermination&ControlReactionControlTelemetryTracking&Comm.EnergyPowerCommand&DataHandlingStructureElementDeployMechanismSolarPanelRadiatorHeatPipeHeaterMLI(multi-layerinsulator)

GyrosStarTrackerMomentumWheelsMagneticTorquersControlElectronicsThrusterTanksValves

AntennasReceiversMultiplexersGPSReceiverTWTAsSolarArraysBatteryRegulatorPowerControlOnBoardComputerSolidStateRecorderRemoteI/OUnitsSubsystemComponentTraveling-wavetubeFunctionalBreakdownBlockDiagramN2ChartGABCDEFMM,SSM,E,SSM,E,SSM,E,SSM:MechanicalE:ElectricalSS:SuppliedServices:InterfaceDesignSolutionDefinitionProcess

BaselinedLogicalDecompositionmodelsSystemSpecifiedRequirementsBaselinedDerivedTechnicalRequirementsSubsystemSpecificationProductVerificationandValidationPlanDefineAlternativeDesignSolutionAnalyzeEachAlternativeDesignSolutionEstablishOperationsConceptandSupportStrategiesSelectBestDesignSolutionAlternativeGeneralFullDesignDescriptionoftheSelectedSolutionBaselineDesignSolutionSpecifiedRequirementsandDesignDescriptionInitiateDevelopmentofEnablingProductsEnablingProductExistNeedlowerLevelProduct?NoNoYesYesInitiateDevelopmentofNextlowerlevelProductsEndProduct-SpecifiedRequirementsEnablingProductsRequirementsSingleMissionOperationsSystemLevelTradesandBaselineGROUNDMissionPAYLOADIRSensorSARVIS+NIRHSIORBITLowInclinationSun-Synchh=564kmh=891kmi=97.650i=98.990ExistingTT&CTDRSReceivingStationNewNCUUpgradeRGSCOMARCHImagingDataX-BandS-BandTT&CX-BandS-BandScienceDataX-BandS-BandMISSIONOPSMuti-MissionOperationsS/CSTABILIZ.Three-axisSpin(orDualSpin)GravityGradientLAUNCHERAthenaIITaurus-XLRocketAthenaIXXXXXX:

Baseline

:AlternativesRequirementsVerificationMatrixRequirementsNoDocumentParagraphShallStatementSuccessCriteriaMethodPhaseResultsP-1xxx3.2.1.1Capability:SupportUplinkedData(LDR)SystemXShallProvideaMax.Ground-to-StationUplinkofSystemXLockstoforwardLinkattheMinandMaxDataRateTolerancesTest5ReportxxxProductRealizationDesignRealizationEvaluationProcessesProductTransitionProcessProductImplementationProductIntegrationProductVerificationProductValidationAssemblyFunctionalEvaluation

AcquireMake/CodeReuse

FunctionalEnvironmentalOperationalTestinginIntegration&TestEnvironment

OperationalTestinginMissionEnvironmentProductTransitionDeliverytoNextHigherLevelinPBSDeliverytoOperationalSystemProductImplementationProcess

RequiredRawMaterialsConfigurationDocumentationSubsystemSpecificationProductImplementationWorkProductsPreparetoConductImplementationIfImplementationbyBuying:ParticipateinPurchaseofSpecifiedendProductMaketheSpecifiedEndProductDesiredEndProductEndProductDesignSpecificationsEnablingProductIfImplementationbyMaking:EvaluateReadinessOfProductImplementationEnablingProductsIfImplementationbyReuse:ParticipateinAcquiringtheReuseEndProductPrepareAppropriateProductSupportDocumentationPrepareAppropriateProductSupportDocumentationCaptureProductImplementationWorkProductsProductIntegrationProcess

LowerLevelProductstobeIntegratedConfigurationDocumentationProductDocumentsandManualsProductIntegrationWorkProductsPreparetoConductProductintegrationAssembleandIntegratetheReceivedProductsintotheDesiredEndProductsDesiredProductEndProductDesignSpecificationsEnablingProductPrepareAppropriateProductSupportDocumentationPrepareAppropriateProductSupportDocumentationCaptureProductIntegrationWorkProductsObtainLowerLevelProductsforAssemblyandIntegrationConfirmThatReceivedProductsHaveBeenValidatedPreparetheIntegrationEnvironmentforAssemblyandIntegrationSpacecraftConfigurationBatteryThermalDoublerTMIWallOBMUIPUsSSRRwheels(x4)MTQs(x3)DRUGPSRcvrsTRSPsPropulsionModuleMAGs(x2)OmbilicalIFW/launcherS-Bandantenna(x2)GPSantenna(x2)BASS&radiatorSolarSideSolarArrayConnectorFixedpanelProductVerificationProcess

EndProductToBeVerifiedProductVerificationPlanProductVerificationResultsProductVerificationWorkProductsPreparetoConductProductVerificationAnalyzetheOutcomesoftheproductVerificationVerifiedEndProductSpecifiedRequirementsBaselineEnablingProductPrepareAppropriateProductSupportDocumentationPrepareaProductVerificationReportCaptureWorkProductsfromProductsVerificationPerformtheProductVerificationProductVerificationReportRequirementAllocation,Integration,andVerificationProcessMission/SystemRequirementsSystemSegmentRequirementsSubsystemRequirementsUnitRequirementsTestUnitsTestSubsystemsTestSystemSegmentsTestSystemVerificationAllocationIntegrationDesignandBuildUnitsTypesofVerification

AnalysisTheuseofmathematicalmodelingandanalyticaltechniquestopredictthesuitabilityofadesign.

DemonstrationShowingthattheuseofanproductachievestheindividualspecifiedrequirement.

InspectionThevisualexaminationofarealizedendproduct.

TestTheuseofanendproducttoobtaindetaileddataneededtoverifyperformance,orprovidesufficientinformationtoverifyperformancethroughfurtheranalysis.ProductsFormsofVerificationSimulated(algorithmicmodels,virtualrealitysimulator).Mockup(plywood,brassboard,breadboard)Conceptdescription(paperreport);Prototype(productwithpartialfunctionality);Engineeringunit(fullyfunctionalbutmaynotbesameform/fit);Designverificationtestunits(form,fit,andfunctionisthesame,buttheymaynothaveflightparts);Qualificationunits(identicaltoflightunitsbutmaybesubjectedtoextremeenvironments)Flightunits(endproductthatisflown,includingproto-flightunits).EnvironmentalTestsProductValidationProcess

EndProductToBeValidatedProductValidationPlanProductValidationResultsProductValidationWorkProductsPreparetoConductProductValidationAnalyzetheOutcomesof