广州市番禺区2024-2025中考预测模拟练习题

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页广州市番禺区2024-2025中考预测模拟试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、语法选择（满分15分）LuYonggenwasafamousChinesescientist.He1allhehadtosociety,fromhislifesavingstohisownbody.LuYonggen2wastheheadteacherofSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversitymadegreatachievementsinricegenetics(遗传)research.3researchonthe“specificcompatibilitygene(特异亲和基因)”hashad4importantinfluenceonricebreedingresearch.Lualwaysworked5.Helivedasimplelife6hewascarefulwithhismoney.Hesavedas7moneyashecould,bothindailylifeandinhiswork.8Lulivedinanoldhousewithsimplefurniture,hestillmadedonations(捐款)toimproveeducationandhelpthepooreveryyear.In2014,twohouses9toaprimaryschoolinGuangzhoubyLuandhisbrother.Andheateattheschool’scanteenalongwiththestudents.Asascientistoncrops,Lucared10eachgrainofriceandalwaysremindedstudentsof“howmanyriceplantswillbeneededtoproduceonebowlofrice”.Becauseof11greatachievementsandcontributionstoagriculture,LuwontheTouchingChinaAwardin2017.Fewpeoplewere12thanteachersandstudentsfromtheuniversitywhenLudiedofillnessonAugust12,2019.The89-year-oldscientistgaveallhissavingstoSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity.Peoplewondered13hedidn’tleavehispossessionstohisonlydaughter.Hesaidthatshewasoldenoughtosupportherselfandhiswealth14beusedforsociety.Asafamousagriculturalscientist,Lualsodonatedhisownbody15medicalresearchandeducation.1．A．offers B．offered C．willoffer D．isoffering2．A．who B．whom C．whose D．which3．A．He B．His C．Him D．Himself4．A．a B．an C．the D．/5．A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest6．A．or B．but C．when D．because7．A．few B．little C．much D．many8．A．If B．Until C．Though D．Unless9．A．give B．gave C．aregiven D．weregiven10．A．on B．to C．about D．from11．A．make B．made C．making D．tomake12．A．sad B．sadder C．saddest D．sadness13．A．why B．how C．what D．whether14．A．can B．may C．will D．should15．A．support B．supported C．supporting D．tosupport二、完形填空（满分10分）Woodcarvingisa16folkartforminChina.ChenJia,ayoungwomanfromChaozhou,workson17andinnovatingChaozhouwoodcarving.Chen,borninthe1990s,begantolearnthecraftwhenshewas14yearsoldundertheinfluenceandsupportofherfamily.“Iwantedtogiveupseveraltimesduringthelearningprocess,asIoften18myself.It’salsoverydifficult.Myfatherwantedmetogiveupwoodcarvingandfinda(n)19job,”Chensaid.Chensaidthatshehadastrongsenseof20whenherfirstwoodcarvingartworkwassold.“SinceIhave21it,Ijustkeepgoing,”saidChen.Tofinishonewoodcarvingpiece,awoodcarverusuallyneedsmorethan30carvingknivesandwoodenhammersofdifferent22.Acommonthemeforcarvingsincludesdifferentseaanimals.Inthepast,Chaozhouwoodcarvingsweremainlyusedto23buildings.Theyservedasfurnitureandceremonialobjects.However,theystartto24theircharmamongpeoplenowadays.Tomakeyoungpeoplebetterenjoythetraditionalartform,Chenhasinnovatedthecraftintermsofitsthemes,shapesandusage.Shenowcarvessmalldecorativeobjectsandarticlesfor25use,hopingthatmoreandmorepeoplecanusethemintheirlivesandliketheartworks.16．A．traditional B．modern C．young D．strange17．A．passingon B．passingup C．passingdown D．passingby18．A．like B．hurt C．encourage D．hate19．A．moredifficultB．high-paid C．challengeable D．easier20．A．AchievementB．failure C．purpose D．belonging21．A．sold B．cut C．learned D．made22．A．sizes B．shapes C．colors D．ages23．A．build B．decorate C．repair D．break24．A．get B．improve C．lose D．begin25．A．special B．daily C．industrial D．artistic三、阅读理解（满分35分）APoverty(贫穷)isabigproblemintheworld,butChinahasdoneagoodjobtodealwithitandmadetheproudachievement.Duringfightingpoverty,we’vebeenmovedbymanyheroes.HelpingGirlsZhangGuimeiManygirlscouldn’tgotoschoolbecausetheywereverypoor.Lijiang,YunnanMrsZhangstartedagirlschoolforfreeandhelpedover1,800girlsgotocollege.BuildingaRoadMaoXianglin

Wushan,ChongqingVillagerslivedonthe1,000-meter-highcliffs(悬崖峭壁).Soittookthemthreedaystowalktothenearesttowninthepast.MrMaoledvillagerstobuildaroadwiththeirhandsfor7years.Nowtheyspendjustanhourdrivingtothenearesttown.Localpeoplecansellfruittootherplacesconveniently.PlantingMushrooms(蘑菇)ChenZaiming

JingdongYi,YunnanThisplacewasfamousforitswildmushrooms.Butvillagersdidn’tknowhowtogrowthem.MrChentaughtvillagerstoplantmushroomsandhelpedthemmakeover5millionyuan.ChineseAchievements:832counties(县)and128,000villagesarenolongerinpoverty.98.99millionvillagershavebeenliftedoutofpovertyinthepast8years.Chinaisresponsibleforreducing70percentofpovertysincethelate1970sallovertheworld.26．HowdidpeoplegotothenearesttowninWushan,Chongqinginthepast?A．Onfoot. B．Bybus. C．Bycar. D．Bytrain.27．Howmanyvillagershavebeenliftedoutofpovertyinthepast8yearsinChina?A．832. B．1,800. C．128,000. D．98,990,000.28．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Girlsdidn’twanttogotoschoolinLijiang,Yunnan.B．IttakespeoplethreehourstodrivetothenearesttowninWushannow.C．PeopleusedtobegoodatgrowingwildmushroomsinJingdongYi.D．Chinahasgotthegreatestachievementonliftingoutofpoverty.BHuckismyname,HuckleberryFinn.Thestorystartedwhenmybestfriend,TomSawyerandIfound$12,000inacave.Thatmoneymadeusrich.Wegot$6,000each.JudgeThatcher,animportantmaninSt.Petersburg,putitinthebank,andnowwegetadollaradayinterest(利息).ThenakindoldladycalledDouglasinvitedmetolivewithherbecauseIhaven’tgotafamilyorahome.Mymotherdiedalongtimeago,thenmydad,Pap,disappeared.Hewasaviolent(暴力的)manespeciallywhenhedrankalot,whichwasmostofthetime,andheoftenbeatme.Iwasscaredofhim.Ididn’tgotoschoolliketheotherboysofmyage.Ilivedonthestreetsandinthewoods.MylifechangedafterIlivedwithDouglas.Shegavemeabedtosleepinandboughtnewclothesforme.Shereadstoriestomeandtaughtmehowtoeatatatable.WidowDouglassentmetoschooleveryday.Ididn’tlikegoingthereatfirstbecauselearningwasverydifficult.ButwhenIcouldreadandwriteabit.Ididn’tmindgoing.Thehardestthingsformewereeatingmymealsatthetableandsleepinginasoftbed.SometimesIranawayandspentafewdaysinthewoods.IfeltfreethereandIwashappy.Ifishedandhuntedallday.AtnightIsleptunderthestars...ButthenhersisterMissWatsonarrived.Shebroughtherblackslave(奴隶)Jimwithher.IlikedJimbutIdidn’tlikeMissWatsonverymuch.Sheoftenshoutedatme.Thenmonthspassedandwintercame.Theweathergotcold.OnemorningIwokeupandtherewassnowontheground.OnmywaytoschoolIsawsomefootprintsoutsideDouglas’shouse.Therewasacrossontheheel(脚后跟)oftheleftone.Myheartjumped.Onlyonepersonworebootswithacrossontheleftheel!Pap!“He’sheardaboutmymoney.”Ithought.“Andhewantsit!”29．WhydidHucksometimesspenddaysinthewoods?A．Hemissedhisoldfreedays. B．HefishedforDouglasinreturn.C．Hehatedsleepinginthesoftbed. D．Hewaitedforhisfathertoappear.30．Whichistherightorderofwhathappenedinthestory?a.DouglassentHucktoschool.b.Huck’smotherdied.c.DouglasinvitedHucktolivewithher.d.Huckfoundsometreasure.e.MissWatsonarrivedatDouglas’housewithJim.A．c-a-b-d-e B．c-b-a-e-d C．b-c-a-e-d D．b-d-c-a-e31．Whatarethefootprintsmentionedinthepassagelike?A． B．C． D．32．HowdidHuckfeelwhenhesawPap’sfootprints?A．Hewascalmbuthopeless. B．Hewasscaredandnervous.C．Hewasexcitedandsurprised. D．Heshowednointerestinthefootprints.CTheSongofFriendship:YuBoyaandZhongZiqiInthemistymountainsofancientChuKingdomduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(771–476BC),afamousguqinplayernamedYuBoyaoftenplayedhiszitheralonebytheriver.Hismusiccarriedthesoundsofflowingwaterandthegreatnessofhighmountains,yetnoonetrulyunderstoodthefeelingsinhissongs.Onenight,asheplayedapiececalledHighMountainsandFlowingStreams,apoorwoodcutternamedZhongZiqistoppedtolisten.“Yourmusicpaintsastory,”ZhongZiqisaidgently.“Whenyouplayedhighnotes,Isaweaglesflyingoversharpcliffs.Whenthenotesturnedlow,Ifeltastrongriverrushing.”YuBoyawasastonished.Foryears,hehadlookedforsomeonewhocouldgrasptheheartofhismusic.Here,hefoundhiszhiyin—a“soulmatewhounderstandsone’smusic.”Thetwobecameclosefriends,sharingtheirlovefornatureandmusic.AsadthinghappenedwhenZhongZiqigotsickanddied.Heartbroken,YuBoyabrokehisguqinathisfriend’sgrave,saying,“NowthatZiqiisgone,whowillhearmysongs?”Heneverplayedagain.Thisstory,laterimmortalizedinthesaying“BoyaBreakingtheZitherforZiqi”,becameasymbolofdeepfriendshipandlosingasoulmate.Thestory’senduringlegacycomesnotjustfromitsfeelingsbutalsoitsculturalimportance.InChinesebeliefs,truefriendshipgoesbeyondsocialranks—YuBoyawasanobleman,whileZhongZiqiacommonworker.Theirbondfocusedondeepconnectionratherthanwealth.Today,zhiyinmeansanyrarefriendshipwherepeopletrulyunderstandeachother’shearts.33．Whatisthetheme(主题)ofthestory?A．Theimportanceofpracticingmusicalskills.B．ThebirthofaChinesesaying.C．Thevalueofspiritualconnectioninfriendship.D．ThehistoricaldevelopmentofChineseinstruments.34．WhydidYuBoyadestroyhisguqin?A．Helosthismusicaltalent. B．ZhongZiqisaidbadwordsabouthisskills.C．Hebelievednooneelsecouldenjoyhismusic. D．Theinstrumentwasdamaged.35．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“immortalized”meaninthepassage?A．beforgottenquickly B．berememberedforeverC．bewrittenbeautifullyin D．behighlypraised36．Whichmodernsituationbestreflect(反映)thestoryofzhiyin?A．Businesspartnerssigningacontract.B．Twoscientistsindependentlydiscoveringthesametheory.C．Ateacherpraisingastudent’shighexamscores.D．Familieshelpingeachotherwhensomethingbadhappens.DImagineyouareinanautonomousvehicle(AV，自动驾驶车辆)andfacethisterriblechoice:Thecarmusteitherturnleftandhitan8-year-oldgirl,orturnrightandhitmanywalkers.Ontopofthis“moraldilemma(道德困境)”,ifthecardoesn’tturn,youcouldbeindanger.Whatdecisionwouldyouwantthecartomake?WhenAVsfacedangeroussituations,shouldtheysavepeopleinthecarfirstorwalkers?Shouldtheyputthegreatergoodaboveoneperson’ssafety?Thesequestionshavebeenunderdiscussionforyears,butthereisnoperfectanswer.“Amoraldilemmaisadilemma;ithasnoclearanswer,”wroteDerekLeben,aprofessorattheTepperSchoolofBusiness,US,inhispaper.IyadRadhwan,anMITscientiststudiedthesequestions.Hefoundoutthatpeopleoftenthinkabouttheirownsafetyfirst.“Peoplebuyingthesecars,theywantcarsthatprotectthepassengers.Buttheywantotherpeople’scarstoprotectwalkersinstead.”AVsbringnotonlymoraldilemmasbutalsoproblemswithrules.Ifthereisanaccident,whoshouldberesponsible?InJuly,2024,aself-drivingtaxibyBaiduhitawalkerinWuhan,Hubei,whoranaredlight.Baiduworkedwiththepoliceandtookthewalkertothehospital.InanotheraccidentinSeattle,US.inApril,2024,itwasdecidedthatthe“driver”shouldberesponsiblebecausehewasonhisphonewhileinthefullself-drivingmode(模式).ThesituationsofdifferentaccidentscausedbyAVsaresocomplex(复杂的)that“nowtherearenoveryclearlawsaboutit”,saidJiXuehong,aresearcherfromNorthChinaUniversityoftechnology.37．HowdoesthewriterintroducethetopicofmoraldilemmasfacedbyAVs?A．Bygivinganexampleofaharddecision.B．Byexplainingwhatmoraldilemmasmean.C．Bydescribinghowself-drivingcarswork.D．Byintroducingtherulesforself-drivingcars.38．WhatdoesDerekLebenthinkaboutthemoraldilemma?A．Itwon’thappeninreallife.B．Itiseasytomakeachoice.C．Thereisnoperfectanswer.D．Driversshouldprotectthemselves.39．WhatisParagraph6mainlyabout?A．Real-lifeexamplesofAVaccidentsinChina.B．Thebestwaystodealwiththemoraldilemma.C．RulesofdrivingAVsinbigcitieslikeSeattle.D．DifferentsituationsofaccidentscausedbyAVs.40．WhatmightbeJiXuehong’sopinioninthelastparagraph?A．AVsarehardtodrive. B．WeneedbetterlawsforAVs.C．AVscancausealotoftrouble. D．Therewillbenoneedfordriverssoon.第二节阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入1～5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。SiheyuanisatraditionalChinesebuildingstylethatstartedintheWesternZhouDynasty(朝代)andbecamepopularduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Thename“siheyuan”means“ayardsurroundedbyfourbuildings”.ItismostcommonlyfoundinnorthernChina,especiallyinBeijing.41Themaindooroftheyardusuallyfacessouth.42Thebuildingssurroundingtheyardareplacedinasquareorrectangular(长方形的)shape,witheachbuildingfacingtowardtheyard.Thisdesignhelpsbringpeopleinthesameyardcloser.Intheyard,youusuallycanseewoodendoorsandwindows,curvedroofs(弧形顶),andbeautifulpaintings.43Thisgivespeopleasimpleandcomfortablefeeling.Inthepast,siheyuanwasabuildingstyleforrichfamilies.44Today,manysiheyuanbuildingshavebeenprotectedasculturalheritagesitesandbecomepopulartouristattractions.45Thisfusion(融合)oftraditionalandmodernstyleshasresultedinaspecialstylethathasbeenanimportantpartofChineseculture.根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。A．ItcanalsobefoundinotherpartsofChina.B．ThatisconsideredluckyinChineseculture.C．Themaincolorofsiheyuanisusuallygray.D．Now,siheyuanisalsoamodernhousingstyle.E．However,itwasalsoachoicefortemples,schools,andgovernmentbuildings.四、短文填空（满分5分）Sportsplayanimportantroleinmaintaininggoodhealth.Regularphysicalactivitycanimprovebothphysicalandmentalwell-being.Itiswidelyknownthatexercisehelpstostrengthenmusclesandbones,anditcanalsor46theriskofmanydiseases.Peoplewhoengageinsportsaregenerallyf47andhavemoreenergythanthosewholeadasedentarylifestyle.Therearevarioustypesofsports,fromteamsportslikefootballandbasketballtoindividualsportslikerunningandswimming.Eachsporthasitsownbenefits,andthekeyistofindanactivitythatise48andsuitableforyourbody.Forexample,swimmingisgreatforbuildingendurance,whilebasketballish49forimprovingcoordinationandteamwork.Itisimportanttoexerciser50togainthefullbenefits.Manyexpertsrecommendatleast30minutesofmoderateexerciseeverydaytostayhealthyandfeelyourbest.五、完成句子（满分10分）51．戴维在科学俱乐部中学会了如何制作声控小汽车。Davidlearnedvoice-activatedcarsintheScienceClub.52．奥吉小组的实验设计多么精彩啊！评委们给出了满分。Auggie’steam’sexperimentdesignwas!Thejudgesgaveitfullmarks.53．虽然艰难，但他们仍然成功了。Thoughitwasdifficult,theystill.54．到2024年8月4日为止，中国队在巴黎奥运会已取得16金。UptoAugust4th,2024,China’steam16goldmedalsinParisOlympics.55．每年有大量的食物被扔掉。Alargeamountoffoodeveryyear.六、书面表达（满分15分）56．假如你是李华，三月份是你们学校的“学雷锋”活动月，请你根据以下提示写一篇报告，介绍活动月的情况，并呼吁所有同学继续弘扬雷锋精神。参加人员全校师生内容目的活动1、讲座宣扬雷锋精神2、…………3、…………你的感受……注意：1.字数：80词以上；2.开头部分已给出，不计入词数3.参考单词：宣扬propagateHello,everyone.I’mLiHua.TodayI’dliketotellyousomethingaboutthe“LearningfromLeiFeng”ActivityMonthinourschool._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thanksforyourlistening!答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页参考答案1．B2．A3．B4．B5．A6．D7．C8．C9．D10．C11．C12．B13．A14．D15．D【导语】本文介绍了著名科学家卢永根捐出自己一生的积蓄设立教育基金的感人事迹，并介绍了他的贡献及个人生活。1．句意：卢永根是中国著名的科学家。他把自己所有的一切都奉献给了社会，从毕生积蓄到自己的身体。offers提供，三单；offered提供，过去式；willoffer提供，一般将来时；isoffering提供，现在进行时。根据“LuYonggenwasafamousChinesescientist.”中的“was”可知，这是发生在过去的事情。故选B。2．句意：华南农业大学校长卢永根在水稻遗传学研究方面取得了巨大成就。who在定语从句中指代人，作主语或宾语；whom在定语从句中指代人，作宾语；whose谁的；which在定语从句中指代物。本句的主语是科学家LuYonggen，所以用who来修饰。故选A。3．句意：他对“特异性亲和基因”的研究对水稻育种研究产生了重要影响。He他，主格；His他的，形容词性物主代词；Him他，宾格；Himself他自己，反身代词。空格后的名词research需要用形容词性物主代词来修饰，故选B。4．句意：他对“特异性亲和基因”的研究对水稻育种研究产生了重要影响。‌a‌用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an‌用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the‌用于特定的人或事物，表示已知的或被提及过的事物。important是元音音素开头，故用an修饰，haveanimportantinfluenceon“对某方面有重要影响”。故选B。5．句意：卢永根一直工作很努力。hard努力地，副词；hardly几乎不；harder更努力地，比较级；hardest最努力地，最高级。根据提示词“always”可知，此处是指卢永根一直工作很努力，并没有比较的意味，应用副词修饰动词worked。故选A。6．句意：他过着简朴的生活，因为他对钱很谨慎。or否则；but但是；when当……时候；because因为。他的生活过得很简朴，因为他对钱很谨慎，构成因果关系，所以空格处用because来连接。故选D。7．句意：他在日常生活和工作中尽可能多地存钱。few很少，修饰可数名词复数；little很少，修饰不可数名词；much很多，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词复数。由“hewascarefulwithhismoney.”可知，卢永根很节俭，他会尽可能多的存钱。不可数名词money应该用much来修饰，故选C。8．句意：尽管卢住在一座家具简陋的老房子里，但他仍然每年捐款以改善教育和帮助穷人。If如果；Until直到……为止；Though尽管；Unless除非。卢住在一座家具简陋的老房子里，但他仍然每年捐款以改善教育和帮助穷人，前后句形成让步关系，用thought引导让步状语从句。故选C。9．句意：2014年，卢和他的兄弟把两栋房子送给了广州的一所小学。give给予；gave给予，过去式；aregiven被给予，一般现在时态的被动语态；weregiven被给予，一般过去时态的被动语态。本句的主语是twohouses，是动作的承受者，应该用被动语态。根据提示词“2014”可知，这件事情发生在过去，应用过去时态。故选D。10．句意：作为一名作物科学家，卢关心每一粒米，总是提醒学生“生产一碗米需要多少株水稻”。on在……上；to到……；about关于；from来自。careabout“关心”，此处是说卢关心粮食不被浪费。故选C。11．句意：由于在农业方面取得的巨大成就和贡献，卢在2017年获得了感动中国奖。make做出，动词原形；made做出，动词的过去式；making做出，动名词；tomake做出，动词不定式。becauseof后接动名词作宾语来具体说明导致某种情况或行为的原因。故选C。12．句意：2019年8月12日，当卢因病去世时，很少有人比这所大学的师生更难过。sad伤心的，形容词的原级；sadder更伤心的，形容词的比较级；saddest最伤心的，形容词的最高级；sadness伤心，名词。根据提示词“than”可知，本句应该用形容词的比较级sadder，表达“很少有人比这所大学的师生更难过。”，故选B。13．句意：人们想知道他为什么不把财产留给她唯一的女儿。why为什么，表示原因；how怎么样，表示方式；what什么；whether是否。根据提示词“wondered”可知，人们想知道他不把财产留给他女儿的原因。故选A。14．句意：他说，她已经长大了，可以养活自己，他的财富应该用于社会。can会/能（有能力）；may可以（允许）；will会（意愿、计划）；should应该（情理上应当如此）。此处是指卢永根认为他的财富应该用于社会，这是合情合理的。故选D。15．句意：作为著名的农业科学家，卢还捐献了自己的身体来支持医学研究和教育。support支持，动词原形；supported支持，动词的过去式；supporting支持，动名词；tosupport支持，动词不定式。此处卢永根捐献自己的身体的目的是支持医学研究和教育，因此空格处用动词不定式表目的。故选D。16．A17．C18．B19．D20．A21．C22．A23．B24．C25．B【导语】本文主要讲述了来自潮州的陈佳与木雕的故事。16．句意：木雕是中国传统的民间艺术形式。traditional传统的；modern现代的；young年轻的；strange奇怪的。根据“folkartforminChina.”可知，木雕是中国传统的民间艺术形式。故选A。17．句意：陈佳是潮州的一位年轻女子，致力于传承和创新潮州木雕。passingon传递;passingup放弃;passingdown传承;passingby路过。根据“andinnovatingChaozhouwoodcarving.”可知，这里是致力于传承和创新潮州木雕。故选C。18．句意：在学习过程中，我多次想放弃，因为我经常伤害自己。like喜欢；hurt伤害；encourage鼓励；hate憎恨。根据“asIoften…myself.”可知，这里是我经常伤害自己。故选B。19．句意：我爸爸想让我放弃木雕，去找一个更容易的工作。moredifficult更难；high-paid高薪；challengeable挑战性的；easier更容易的。根据“It’salsoverydifficult.”可知，这里是找一个更容易的工作。故选D。20．句意：陈说，当她的第一件木雕作品售出时，她有着强烈的成就感。achievement成就；failure失败；purpose目的；belonging属于。根据“whenherfirstwoodcarvingartworkwassold.”可知，她有着强烈的成就感。故选A。21．句意：自从我学会了它，我就一直在努力。sold出售；cut切；learned学到；made制造。根据“Ijustkeepgoing,”可知，这里是自从我学会了它，我就一直在努力。故选C。22．句意：要完成一件木雕作品，木雕师通常需要30多把不同尺寸的雕刻刀和木锤。sizes尺寸；shapes形状；colors彩色；ages年龄。根据“woodenhammersofdifferent”可知，这里是木雕师通常需要30多把不同尺寸的雕刻刀和木锤。故选A。23．句意：在过去，潮州木雕主要用于装饰建筑物。build建筑；decorate装饰；repair修理；break打破。根据“Theyservedasfurnitureandceremonialobjects.”可知，这里是潮州木雕主要用于装饰建筑物。故选B。24．句意：然而，如今他们开始在人们中失去魅力。get得到；improve改善；lose失去；begin开始。根据“theircharmamongpeoplenowadays.”可知，这里是他们开始在人们中失去魅力。故选C。25．句意：她现在雕刻小装饰品和日常用品，希望越来越多的人能在生活中使用它们，喜欢这些艺术品。special特别的；daily日常的；industrial工业的；artistic艺术的。根据“hopingthatmoreandmorepeoplecanusethemintheirlivesandliketheartworks.”可知，这里是她现在雕刻小装饰品和日常用品。故选B。26．A27．D28．D【导语】本文介绍了中国在扶贫工作中取得的成就，并列举了三位扶贫英雄的事迹。26．细节理解题。根据“Villagerslivedonthe1,000-meter-highcliffs(悬崖峭壁).Soittookthemthreedaystowalktothenearesttowninthepast.”可知，过去重庆巫山的人们步行去最近的城镇。故选A。27．细节理解题。根据“98.99millionvillagershavebeenliftedoutofpovertyinthepast8years.”可知，过去8年中国有9899万村民脱贫。故选D。28．细节理解题。根据“Chinaisresponsibleforreducing70percentofpovertysincethelate1970sallovertheworld.”可知，中国在扶贫方面取得了巨大成就。故选D。29．A30．D31．C32．B【导语】本文是一篇小说节选。文章选自小说《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》，讲述了Huck和朋友TomSawyer在山洞发现一大笔钱和被Douglas收养的故事。29．细节理解题。根据第四段“SometimesIranawayandspentafewdaysinthewoods.IfeltfreethereandIwashappy.Ifishedandhuntedallday.AtnightIsleptunderthestars...”可知，因为他在那里感到自由和快乐，怀念以前那种自由自在的日子。故选A。30．细节理解题。根据“Mymotherdiedalongtimeago”；“Thestorystartedwhenmybestfriend,TomSawyerandIfound$12,000inacave.”“ThenakindoldladycalledDouglasinvitedmetolivewithher”；“WidowDouglassentmetoschooleveryday.”和“ButthenhersisterMissWatsonarrived.Shebroughtherblackslave(奴隶)Jimwithher.”可知，Huck的妈妈很久以前就去世了，Huck发现财宝，Douglas邀请Huck和她一起生活，送他上学，MissWatson带着Jim来到了Douglas的家。所以正确的顺序是b-d-c-a-e，故选D。31．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“OnmywaytoschoolIsawsomefootprintsoutsideDouglas’shouse.Therewasacrossontheheel(脚后跟)oftheleftone.”可知，脚印的特征是在左脚的脚后跟处有一个十字，选项C的图片符合题意，故选C。32．推理判断题。根据第二段“Hewasaviolent(暴力的)manespeciallywhenhedrankalot…Iwasscaredofhim.”和“Myheartjumped.Onlyonepersonworebootswithacrossontheleftheel!Pap!”以及最后一段“‘He’sheardaboutmymoney.’Ithought.‘Andhewantsit!’可知，Huck的父亲很暴力且经常打他，Huck很害怕他，当看到父亲的脚印时，Huck心跳加速，并且想到父亲可能是为了他的钱而来，由此可以推断出Huck感到害怕和紧张。故选B。33．C34．C35．B36．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了春秋时期俞伯牙和钟子期因音乐结缘成为知音，钟子期去世后俞伯牙摔琴绝弦的故事。33．主旨大意题。根据“Thisstory,laterimmortalizedinthesaying‘BoyaBreakingtheZitherforZiqi’,becameasymbolofdeepfriendshipandlosingasoulmate.”可知，文章主题是友谊中心灵相通的价值。故选C。34．细节理解题。根据“Heartbroken,YuBoyabrokehisguqinathisfriend’sgrave,saying,‘NowthatZiqiisgone,whowillhearmysongs?’Heneverplayedagain.”可知，俞伯牙因为钟子期去世，觉得再没有人能欣赏他的音乐，所以摔碎了古琴。故选C。35．词句猜测题。根据“Thisstory,laterimmortalizedinthesaying‘BoyaBreakingtheZitherforZiqi’,becameasymbolofdeepfriendshipandlosingasoulmate.”可知，这个故事成为了深厚友谊和失去知音的象征，说明这个故事被永远铭记，immortalized意思是“被永远记住”。故选B。36．推理判断题。根据“Today,zhiyinmeansanyrarefriendshipwherepeopletrulyunderstandeachother’shearts.”可知，知音指的是能真正理解彼此内心的珍贵友谊。A选项“商业伙伴签订合同”主要体现的是商业合作关系，不是精神层面的理解；C选项“老师表扬学生考试分数高”是师生之间的评价关系，并非朋友间的相互理解；D选项“家庭在困难时互相帮助”体现的是亲情关系。B选项“两位科学家独立发现同一理论”说明他们在学术研究上有共同的理解和追求，能相互理解彼此的想法，最符合“知音”的含义。故选B。37．A38．C39．D40．B【导语】本文主要围绕自动驾驶车辆展开讨论，指出其面临的道德困境。37．细节理解题。根据“Imagineyouareinanautonomousvehicle...Whatdecisionwouldyouwantthecartomake?”可知，作者描述了一个自动驾驶车辆面临艰难抉择的场景，通过这个例子引出了自动驾驶车辆面临的道德困境这一话题。故选A。38．细节理解题。根据“‘Amoraldilemmaisadilemma;ithasnoclearanswer,’wroteDerekLeben,...”可知，DerekLeben认为道德困境没有完美答案。故选C。39．主旨大意题。通读文章第六段可知，第六段主要讲述了2024年7月百度自动驾驶出租车在武汉撞人，以及2024年4月美国西雅图自动驾驶汽车的事故，展示了自动驾驶车辆引发的不同事故情况。故选D。40．推理判断题。根据“ThesituationsofdifferentaccidentscausedbyAVsaresocomplex(复杂的)that‘nowtherearenoveryclearlawsaboutit’,saidJiXuehong,...”可知，JiXuehong认为自动驾驶车辆引发的事故情况复杂，目前没有明确法律，由此可推断她认为我们需要更好的相关法律。故选B。41．A42．B43．C44．E45．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统建筑风格——四合院建筑。41．根据“ItismostcommonlyfoundinnorthernChina,especiallyinBeijing.”可知，此处在讲四合院的分布情况。选项A“在中国的其他地方也有。”符合语境，故选A。42．根据“Themaindooroftheyardusuallyfacessouth.”并结合常识可知，中国建筑讲究“坐北朝南”，寓意着迎好运进门。选项B“这在中国文化中被认为是幸运的。”符合语境，故选B。43．根据“Intheyard,youusuallycanseewoodendoorsandwindows,curvedroofs(弧形顶),andbeautifulpaintings.”和“Thisgivespeopleasimpleandcomfortablefeeling.”可知，这段在介绍四合院的外观特征，选项C“