2025年广东梅州市高三一模高考英语试卷试题（含答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2025届梅州市高三模拟预测（一）英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARewardsatWestExeSchoolWestExeSchoolisafullyinclusivecomprehensivesecondaryschool.Listedbelowarethewaystheschoolcelebratesuccesswithstudents,parentsandstaffduringtheacademicyear.MeritBadgesMeritbadgesareawardedinlinewiththestudentqualities.E.g.,whenastudentreaches200meritsinasemesterforbeingkind,theyreceivetheirkindmeritbadge.TheWestExeshieldisawardedtostudentswhohaveachievedallsixmeritbadges.TheGoldenTicketEverytwoweeks,allmembersofstaffhavea‘GoldenTicket’whichtheycanawardtoanystudentwhohasdisplayedwhatthestudentqualitiesstandfor.Therewillbeabi-weeklyfocusononeofthestudentqualitiesaspositivereinforcement.Thegoldenticketsawardedarethenplacedinaprizedraw,forprizessuggestedbythestudentbody.PunctualityAwardStudentswhoareontimeforeverylessonacrosstheweekwillbeenteredintoaprizedraw.Thisistopromotetheimportanceofpunctualityinschoolandinlife.HeadteacherRewardHeadteacher’sRewardisgiventostudentswhohavebeennominated(提名)bystaffmemberseverymonthfordemonstratingthequalities,behaviorsandvaluesofwhatitmeanstobeanexceptionalWestExeStudent.Theyarealsoawardedtostudentswhohaveshownexceptionalachievement,eitherinschooloraspartofanextracurricularactivity.Thisincludesacertificateandpen,withalettergoinghometoparentstosharenewsoftheyoungperson’sachievement.1．Whichofthefollowingrewardsisgivenmostfrequently?A．MeritBadges. B．TheGoldenTicket.C．PunctualityAward. D．HeadteacherReward.2．WhatdoweknowaboutHeadteacherReward?A．Allstaffmemberscanbenominatedfortheaward.B．Studentsrewardedwillreceiveacertificateandaletter.C．Parentsofthestudentsawardedwillbehonoredwithaletter.D．Onlystudentsmakingoutstandingachievementsinschoolcanbeawarded.3．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Aschoolwebsite. B．Anewsreport.C．Atravelleaflet. D．Abookreview.BBrightsZooinLimestone,Tennesseeiscelebratingthebirthofaveryunusualbabyreticulatedgiraffe(网纹长颈鹿).Bornperfectlyhealthy,itjustdoesn’thaveanyspots.Thezooisaskingforhelpfromthepublictonametheuniqueanimal.Tall,long-neckedgiraffesarefamousfortheirspots.Thespotsarebelievedtohelptheanimalshidefrompredators.Justlikenotwohumanshavethesamefingerprints,eachgiraffehasitsownspecialpatternofspots.DavidBright,whorunsthezoo,toldNewsweek,“Thisisbeyondrare.Thelasttimethishappenedwas1972inJapan.”Currently,theyounggiraffeisbelievedtobetheonlyspotlessgiraffeintheworld.Agiraffe’spatternofspotsiscreatedwhentheanimalisstillgrowinginsideitsmother,whichmeansthatthisgiraffewillneverhavespots.Mr.Brightsaysthatthenewgiraffemightnothavesurvivedifshehadbeenborninthewild.“Beingsolidcolored,shemaynotbeabletohidequiteaswell,”saidMr.Bright.Healsothoughtitwaslikelythatthegiraffewouldbea“keytargetforpoachers”becauseshe’ssounusual.Reticulatedgiraffesarealreadystruggling.In2018,theywereofficiallylistedas“threatened”.Thirty-fiveyearsago,therewere36,000reticulatedgiraffes.Now,onlyabout16,000reticulatedgiraffesremain.BrightsZooishopingtousetheyoungspotlessgiraffetoraiseawarenessofgiraffeprotectionanddonatemoneyforgroupslikeSaveGiraffesNowandtheGiraffeConservationFoundation.Sofar,hundredsofthousandsofnameshavecomeup.AllofthenamesareinSwahili,alanguagespokeninpartsofAfrica.ThezoowillannouncethewinningnameonSeptember4.4．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Giraffesarefamousforlongnecks.B．Giraffeshavethesamespotpatterns.C．Thebabygiraffegetsaspecialname.D．BrightsZoowelcomesaspecialbabygiraffe.5．WhatdoesDavidBrightsayaboutthenew-borngiraffe?A．It’seasytohideinthewild.B．Itwillgeneratespotsinthefuture.C．Itmayspenditswholelifeinthezoo.D．It’sthefirstspotlessgiraffeintheworld.6．Whydidthezoocallonthepublictonamethenew-borngiraffe?A．Toprotectthespotlessgiraffe.B．Tocallpublicattentiontothezoo.C．Toshowthegiraffesaregoingextinct.D．Toraisefundforthegiraffeprotectiongroups.7．Whatistheattitudeofthepublictothe“namingactivity”?A．Skeptical. B．Favorable. C．Indifferent. D．Cautious.CMostpeopleintheNetherlandsareconvincedthattheirconsumptionpatternsaffecttheenvironment.Manyofthemarelookingforwaystoreducetheirfootprint.However,therealityismorecomplicated,accordingtoaresearchbyLeidenPhDcandidateLevonAmatuni,whostudiedcarsharingandthereuseofphones.Heusedhisbackgroundincomputerscienceandmathematicstomodelandmeasurethebenefitsofsuchpractices.Hisresearchshowsusersofcar-sharingplatformsreducetheirimpactbyonly3to18percent—muchlessthan51or37percentclaimedinpreviousresearch.Thisiscausedbyso-called“reboundeffects”,whicharerarelyaccountedforbycompaniesorevenresearchers.Forexample,sharedvehiclesarereplacedwithnewmodelsmorefrequentlythanprivatecars.Additionally,theintroductionofsharingschemes(方案)canencouragepeopletodrivewhentheywouldhaveotherwisetakenpublictransport.Thesereboundeffectsturnouttobehighlyinfluential.Amatunialsofoundusersofsharingplatformsdon’tsignificantlyreducetheirdriving.“Andiftheydo,theyoftentakebusesandtrains,whicharen’temission-free,”hesays.Whilepublictransportisusuallyabetteroption,itsimpactisnotnegligible.So,thisdatamustbeincludedtomakeanaccurateassessment.Similarly,Amatunidiscoveredthatasecond-handphoneonlyoffsets(抵消)aboutone-thirdofanewphone’sproduction.Reboundeffectsarethecause.Ifpeoplecouldn’tselltheirolddevices,theywouldusethemforlonger.Inotherwords,reusebothextendsthelifetimeofadevice—bygivingitanewowner—butalsoshortensit,aspeopletendtoselltheirnewlyboughtdevicessooner.Amatunidoesn’twantpeopletoconcludetakingsmallstepstowardssustainabilityispointless.“Ourintentionsarestillwhat’smostimportant,”hesays,“butmeanwhile,peopleneedtorealisethere’renoeasyfixes.”Herecommendsprioritisingoverallconsumptionreductionratherthancontinuingcurrenthabitswhiletryingtomakethemmoreefficient.8．WhatisthefocusofAmatuni’sresearch?A．Thewaysofreducingpeople’sfootprint.B．Thebenefitsofcarsharingandphonereuse.C．Thedamageofpublictransporttotheenvironment.D．Theknowledgeofcomputerscienceandmathematics.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“negligible”inparagraph3mean?A．Small. B．Permanent.C．Direct. D．Immediate.10．Whichofthefollowingrepresentsaphonereboundeffect?A．Buyingnewphonesoften. B．Keepingoldphonesinuse.C．Takingcareofnewphones. D．Sellingusedphonescheaply.11．WhatisAmatuni’ssuggestiononpromotingsustainability?A．Stopeco-friendlyhabits. B．Increaseproductionefficiency.C．Reducetotalresourceuse. D．Seekeasysolutionstoeco-crisis.DAlarminglevelsofdangerouschemicalsknownasPerfluorinatedAlkylatedSubstances(PFAS)werediscoveredinfoodpackagingatanumberofwell-knownfast-foodrestaurantsandgrocerystorechains,anewreportfound.ThereportcomesmorethantwoyearsintotheCovid-19pandemic,whenthepublichasreliedheavilyontakeoutandgrocerydeliveries.Oftencalled“foreverchemicals”becausetheydonotbreakdownintheenvironment,PFASareusedinfoodpackagingtopreventgrease(油脂)andwaterfromsoakingthroughfoodwrappersandcups.PFAScanalsobefoundintheinkusedtoprintlogosandinstructionsonfoodcontainers.TheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventioncallsexposuretoPFASa“publichealthconcern”,citingthatthehuman-madechemicalscanharmtheimmunesystemandreduceaperson’sresistancetoinfectiousdiseases.RegulatorylimitsforhowmuchPFASfoodpackagingshouldcontaincanvarygreatly.Forinstance,anewlawinCaliforniasetthelimitatlessthan100ppm.“ComparedtoAmerica,Denmarksetsamuchlowerregulatorylimitof20ppmwithgreatsuccess,”saidXeniaTrier,anexpertattheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency.“Itdoesworktosetlimitsandenforcethem.PFASdomigratefromthepaperintothefood.Eventhoughitwasnot100%,westillsawconsiderabletransmission.Ingeneral,transmissionfrompackagingtofoodisincreasedasthetemperatureofthefoodrises.Itisthesamewiththetimespentinwrappingmaterials.”TriertoldNBS,oneofthemajorAmericanmass-mediacompanies.Inresponsetotheissue,WholeFoodsbecamethefirstgrocerychaintopubliclycommittoremovePFASfromtakeoutcontainersandbakerypaper.Manyothercompaniesfollowedsuit.ExpertssaypeoplewhowanttoavoidPFASintheirtakeoutandfooddeliverypackagingshouldfavorcompaniesthathavepromisedtoremovethechemicals.“Assoonasyoureceiveyourtakeout,you’dbettertakefoodoutofthecontainerimmediately,andneverreheatfoodinitsoriginalcontainer.Instead,removeyourfoodandheatitinceramic(陶瓷的)orglasscontainers.”Triersaid.12．WhatcanwelearnaboutPFASinfoodpackaging?A．Theyhavebeenusedfortwoyears.B．Theydolittleharmtoconsumers’health.C．Theyareusedtobreakdownthechemicals.D．Theycanmakewrappersresistanttogreaseandwater.13．WhatisXeniaTrier’sattitudetosettingalowerlimitofPFAS?A．Favorable. B．Neutral.C．Ambiguous. D．Opposed.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph4?A．Considerablemigrationofgreaseandwater.B．PFAStransmissionfrompackagingtofood.C．Wrapperexposuretohighfoodtemperature.D．Regulatorylimitsconcerningfoodpackaging.15．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Foodpackagingcontainsdangerouschemicals.B．ConsumersarerecommendedtohavePFAS-freeproducts.C．PFASfoundinfoodpackaginghasbecomeagreatconcern.D．ThegovernmenthastakenmeasurestoreducePFASexposure.第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia,I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately,thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember,though,whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.·Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.16You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.17·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.18Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.·19Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反馈)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.20Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.A．Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B．Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C．Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D．Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E．You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F．Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G．You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ThesunwasbeginningtosinkasIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.Iwasonmywaytoauniquehoneyharvest.Here,insouth-eastEthiopia,hand-carvedbeehives(蜂箱)areplacedinthe.Reachingthemtogetthehoneyisdifficult—andoften.IbeekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.Ziyadbeganpreparations.Hehandfulsofdamptreeleaves,wrappedthemwithstring,andthebunchtocreateatorch(火把).Then,withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,Ziyadbegan.Hestoppedeveryfewminutestomovethehigherupthetreetrunk.,Ziyadgotclosetothehivewhichwasaround20metresabovetheground.Sittingonabranch,hetowardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.Suddenly,Ziyadletoutasharpcry.Withinseconds,he’dthetrunkandwasbackontheground.Itwastootocollectthehoney.Acoolsummerhaddelayed.Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).TheadultbeeswereandkeptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree.Hehadtowaitfortherighttogobackup.21．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness22．A．courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves23．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless24．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited25．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked26．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated27．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing28．A．hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey29．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately30．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched31．A．cutoff B．goneup C．sliddown D．heldonto32．A．high B．early C．fast D．close33．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading34．A．curious B．hungry C．bored D．angry35．A．moment B．equipment C．person D．order第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WalkingthroughhisneighborhoodsupermarketinAustralia,36packsofChinesesauerkraut(酸菜)linetheshelves,HuangXiqingfeelslikehe’sshoppinginhishometownofShenyanginLiaoningprovince.“Thesauerkrautsouptastesjustlikehome,”saysthe45-year-oldChineselivinginCanberra,37(sound)alittlehomesick.Chinesesauerkraut,apicklewhich38(make)ofChinesecabbage,isatraditionalspecialtyofthenortheasternregionandisnowsoldaroundthecountry39exportedoverseas.Chinesecabbagehasgained40(popular)withordinaryhousehold,becauseitischeapandcanbestoredforarelativelylongperiodoftime.Duringthelastdecades,Chinesebusinessmenhaveset41severalsauerkrautcompanies.Amongthem,theXinminagriculturalproductcompanyoftheHeilongjiangCuihuaGrouphassolditsChinesesauerkrautnotonly42(domestic),butalsotocountriesincludingCanada,JapanandtheUnitedStates.WhenpeopleweremakingpurchasesforSpringFestival,salesofChinesesauerkrautonDouyinincreasedmorethan10-fold,43(compare)tothepreviousyear.ButforHuang,Chinesesauerkrautisaneverlastinglinktohome.“AlthoughIhavetrieddelicaciesfromacross44globe,Chinesesauerkrautisstilloneofmy45(favourite),andremindsmeofmyhometown,”Huangsays.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华，你校英文报在体育节有一个征文活动，请你写一篇文章投稿，结合自身情况谈谈你对高中生参加体育运动的看法。内容包括：（1）体育运动的重要性和益处；（2）高中生如何平衡体育运动和学业。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasatypicalMondaymorning.Myformteacher,MrsTan,wasgoingthroughourexamquestions.Ipotdownsomenotesanddidmycorrections.“Riiiiiiinnnngg!”Ahigh-pitchedsoundpiercedthroughtheairlikeaknife.Coveringmyearsinannoyance,realizationdawnedonme.Itwasthefirealarm!WhileIencouragedotherstoremainascoolasacucumber,itwasinvain.Myclassmateswereallscreamingandrunningaroundlikecrazy.“Calmdown,everyone!Pleasequeueupinanorderlymanner!Wehavepractisedthisinthefiredrills!”instructedMrsTan,soundinganxious.Theclassignoredherandcontinuedscreamingatthetopoftheirvoices.Onestudentevenbrokedowninafitofpanic.Irushedaroundtheclass,askingallmyfellowstudentstosettledownwhilewaitingforfurtherinstructions.Aseriousvoicesoonannouncedfromthespeakersineveryclass,drawingourattention.“Allstudentsaretofollowtheirteachersandevacuate(撤离)thebuildinginacalmandorganizedmanner.Thefiremayhavebeencausedbyagasexplosioninthecanteen;donotgonearthere!”MrsTanfinallymanagedtocalmthepanickyclassdown.Inastrictvoice,shetoldusthatweweretousetheevacuationroutetoGate6.Shearrangedthepupilsquicklyinneatstraightrowsandledusoutoftheclassroom.Upontakingmyfirststepoutoftheclassroom,Itookadeepbreathinstantly.Thesurroundingswerehazy(模糊的)asthicksmokecamefromthecanteen.Choking,Iunconsciouslycoveredmynose.Tomakemattersworse,theashfromthesmokysurroundingshurtmyeyes.Coughinganxiously,Itriedtoseemyteacherinthelead,buttheairwastoohazyformetoseeanythingclearly.Withinlessthanaminute,Ilostsightofmyclassandwasleftalone.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Awaveofanxietywashedoverme.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Justthen,thefigureofMrsTanwavingatorchlightappearedfromthesmoke.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．C2．C3．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了WestExeSchool的几个奖项。1．细节理解题。题目关键信息为“…awardisgivenmostfrequently”可知询问奖励最频繁的奖励是什么。正确答案是C.PunctualityAward.是“acrosstheweek(一周)”。因为A.MeritBadges是“inasemester.(一个学期)”；B.TheGoldenTicket.是“everytwoweeks(每两周)”；D.HeadteacherReward.是“everymonth(每一个月)”，故选C项。2．细节理解题。题目关键信息为“…HeadteacherReward…”根据HeadteacherReward最后一句“Thisincludesacertificateandpen,withalettergoinghometoparentstosharenewsoftheyoungperson’sachievement.(这包括一份证书和一支笔，还有一封寄回家给家长的信，分享年轻人的成就。)”可知学生的父母会收到学校的一封表扬孩子的信。故选C项。3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Listedbelowarethewaystheschoolcelebratesuccesswithstudents,parentsandstaffduringtheacademicyear.(以下是学校在学年期间与学生、家长和教职员工共同庆祝成功的方式。)”可知，文章介绍的是WestExeSchool的几个奖项，所以文章应该来自学校网站。故选A项。4．D5．C6．D7．B【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是位于田纳西州Limestone的BrightsZoo迎来了一只非常特别的网纹长颈鹿宝宝——它出生时非常健康，但身上没有任何斑点。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“BrightsZooinLimestone,Tennesseeiscelebratingthebirthofaveryunusualbabyreticulatedgiraffe(网纹长颈鹿).Bornperfectlyhealthy,itjustdoesn’thaveanyspots.(位于田纳西州Limestone的BrightsZoo正在庆祝一只非常特别的网纹长颈鹿宝宝的诞生。这只宝宝出生时非常健康，只是身上没有任何斑点。)”可知，BrightsZoo迎来了一只特别的长颈鹿宝宝。故选D。5．推理判断题。根据第四段“Mr.Brightsaysthatthenewgiraffemightnothavesurvivedifshehadbeenborninthewild.“Beingsolidcolored,shemaynotbeabletohidequiteaswell,”saidMr.Bright.(Mr.Bright说，“如果这只新长颈鹿出生在野外，她可能活不下来。由于她是纯色的，她可能无法隐藏得很好，”Mr.Bright说。)”可知，新生的长颈鹿可能一生都要在动物园里度过。故选C。6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“BrightsZooishopingtousetheyoungspotlessgiraffetoraiseawarenessofgiraffeprotectionanddonatemoneyforgroupslikeSaveGiraffesNowandtheGiraffeConservationFoundation.(BrightsZoo希望用这只一尘不染的小长颈鹿来提高人们保护长颈鹿的意识，并为“SaveGiraffesNow”和“GiraffeConservationFoundation”等组织捐款。)”可知，动物园号召公众为这只新生的长颈鹿命名的目的是为长颈鹿保护组织筹集资金。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sofar,hundredsofthousandsofnameshavecomeup.(到目前为止，已经出现了数十万个名字。)”可知，有很多很多人给长颈鹿命名，说明公众对“命名活动”的态度是赞成的。故选B。8．B9．A10．A11．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是莱顿大学博士生LevonAmatuni对汽车共享和手机再利用的研究，揭示了这些环保行为的实际效益远低于预期，并探讨了背后复杂的“反弹效应”及其对环境影响的真实情况。8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Hisresearchshowsusersofcar-sharingplatformsreducetheirimpactbyonly3to18percent—muchlessthan51or37percentclaimedinpreviousresearch.Thisiscausedbyso-called“reboundeffects”,whicharerarelyaccountedforbycompaniesorevenresearchers.(他的研究表明，汽车共享平台的用户只减少了3%到18%的影响，远低于之前研究中声称的51%或37%。这是由所谓的“反弹效应”造成的，企业甚至研究人员都很少考虑到这一点。)”可知，Amatuni的研究重点是汽车共享和手机重复使用的好处。故选B。9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“theyoftentakebusesandtrains,whicharen’temission-free(他们经常乘坐公共汽车和火车，这些都不是零排放的)”和“thisdatamustbeincludedtomakeanaccurateassessment(为了做出准确的评估，必须包括这些数据)”可知，公共交通的影响并不是微不足道的，negligible的意思是“微不足道的”，和small意思相近。故选A。10．细节理解题。根据第四段“Similarly,Amatunidiscoveredthatasecond-handphoneonlyoffsets(抵消)aboutone-thirdofanewphone’sproduction.Reboundeffectsarethecause.Ifpeoplecouldn’tselltheirolddevices,theywouldusethemforlonger.(同样，Amatuni发现，二手手机只抵消了新手机产量的三分之一左右。反弹效应是原因。如果人们不能卖掉他们的旧设备，他们就会使用更长时间。)”可知，经常买新手机代表了手机的反弹效应。故选A。11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Herecommendsprioritisingoverallconsumptionreductionratherthancontinuingcurrenthabitswhiletryingtomakethemmoreefficient.(他建议优先考虑整体减少消费，而不是继续目前的习惯，同时试图提高效率。)”可知，Amatuni对促进可持续发展的建议是减少总资源使用。故选C。12．D13．A14．B15．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食品包装中发现全氟烷基化物质，这已经成为一个备受关注的问题。12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Oftencalled“foreverchemicals”becausetheydonotbreakdownintheenvironment,PFASareusedinfoodpackagingtopreventgreaseandwaterfromsoakingthroughfoodwrappersandcups.(PFAS通常被称为“永久化学品”，因为它们在环境中不会分解，它被用于食品包装，以防止油脂和水渗入食品包装纸和杯子)”可知，食品包装中的PFAS可以使包装物耐油脂和水。故选D。13．推理判断题。根据第四段““ComparedtoAmerica,Denmarksetsamuchlowerregulatorylimitof20ppmwithgreatsuccess,”saidXeniaTrier,anexpertattheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency.(欧洲环境署的专家XeniaTrier说：“与美国相比，丹麦设定了低得多的20ppm的监管限制，取得了巨大成功。”)”可知，对于设定更低的PFAS下限，XeniaTrier持有支持态度。故选A。14．词句猜测题。根据第四段“PFASdomigratefromthepaperintothefood.Eventhoughitwasnot100%,westillsawconsiderabletransmission.(PFAS确实从纸张转移到了食品中。尽管它不是100%，但我们仍然看到了相当大的传播)”可知，句中it指代上文提及的“PFAS从纸张转移到食品中”。故选B。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“AlarminglevelsofdangerouschemicalsknownasPerfluorinatedAlkylatedSubstances(PFAS)werediscoveredinfoodpackagingatanumberofwell-knownfast-foodrestaurantsandgrocerystorechains,anewreportfound.(一份新的报告发现，在一些知名快餐店和连锁杂货店的食品包装中发现了令人震惊的全氟烷基化物质)”以及第三段“TheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventioncallsexposuretoPFASa“publichealthconcern”,citingthatthehuman-madechemicalscanharmtheimmunesystemandreduceaperson’sresistancetoinfectiousdiseases.(美国疾病控制和预防中心称接触PFAS是一种“公共卫生问题”，理由是人造化学物质会损害免疫系统，降低人对传染病的抵抗力)”可知，本文主要介绍了食品包装中发现全氟烷基化物质，这已经成为一个备受关注的问题。故选C。16．C17．G18．A19．D20．E【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。16．根据前文“Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.(从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后文“You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.(你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.(不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。17．分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.(经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.(你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。18．分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.(不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.(艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Getoutofyourcomfortzone.(走出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。19．分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反馈)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.(寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.(如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。20．分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.(你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.(坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.(你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。【点睛】21．D22．C23．B24．C25．A26．B27．D28．C29．A30．D31．C32．B33．A34．D35．A【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A.share分享；B.collect收集；C.celebrate庆祝；D.witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I____4____beekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A.courtyards庭院；B.fields田野；领域；C.treetops树顶；D.caves洞穴。根据下文“higherupthetreetrunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A.urgent紧急的；B.dangerous危险的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.pointless毫无意义的。根据“Theadultbeeswere____14____andkeptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A.searched搜索；B.recognised认出；C.followed跟随；D.invited邀请。根据前文“Iwasonmywayto____1____auniquehoneyharvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.gathered聚集、采集；B.cleaned清除；C.d